English to Quapaw Dictionary

A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z
Quapaw Sources Dhegiha Sources

 

S

 

star

mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star

mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - Star, male name [JOD]

mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star [MS, MR]

mi-ka-x’e (mih-cāchĕh) - star (étoile) [GI]

mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star [VG]

mi-ka-x’e (mikắγe) - stars [ASG]

ex: mi-ka-x’e taⁿ-ka (mikkáxʔe ttą́ka) - milky way, “big star” [ASG]

ex: mi-ka-x’e ste-te (mikkáxʔe stétte) - aurora borealis, “long star”

ex: mi-ka-x’e o-wa-ze (mikkáxʔe owáze) - star/fell [JOD]

ex: so-de ta ka-xnaⁿ sni-wa-te taⁿ aⁿ-ka-hi taⁿ mi-ka-x’e o-wa-ze naⁿ (sódetta kaxną́ sniwátte tą́ ąkáhi tą́ mikkáxʔe owáze ną) - when we arrived to the Caddos, they were on a winter hunt, this was when the stars fell [JOD]

ex: a-te-zhe naⁿ, “ta-taⁿ ke aⁿ-te-zhe hi-de, mi-ka-x’e aⁿ-te-zhe hi-de e-te te,” i-ye (atéže ną, “táttą ke ą́teže hidé, mikkáxʔe ą́teže hidé étte tte,” iyé) - when I urinated, “what is this urinating on me, I wonder if it’s the stars urinating on me?” he said [JOD]

ex: koi ta-taⁿ te-zha-i ke, mi-ka-x’e aⁿ-te-zha-i ke e-te te (kói táttą téžai ké, mikkáxʔe ątežai ke étte tté) - what is that urinating, I wonder if the stars are urinating on me [JOD]

Dhegiha: miⁿ-ka-’e (miⁿká’e) - a star; stars [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-ka-’e (mika’e) - star [Omaha]; mi-ʰka-k’e (mi-ḳá-ḳ’e) - star [FL-Osage]; mi-ʰka-k’e (miʰkákʔe) - star [CQ-Osage]; mi-ka-k’e (mikák’e) - star [Kaw]

 

Star gens (clan)

mi-ʰka-x’e ni-ʰka-shi-ka (mikkáxʔe níkkašíka) - the Star gens, obtained from Alphonsus Valliere

cf. mi-ʰka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star; ni-ʰka-shi-ka (níkkašíka) - people

 

star, big star

mi-ka-x’e taⁿ-ka (mikkáxʔe ttą́ka) - big star

mi-ka-x’e taⁿ-ka (mikkáxʔe ttą́ka) - milky way, “big star” [ASG]

cf. mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large

Dhegiha: mi-ka-’e toⁿ-ga (mika’e toⁿga) - morning star, evening star, big star [Omaha]; mi-ʰka-k’e ʰtaⁿ (miʰkákʔeʰtąą) - morning star, lit. “great star” [CQ-Osage]; mi-ka-k’e taⁿ-ga (mikák’e táⁿga) - morning star, lit. “big star” [Kaw]

 

star, little star

mi-ka-x’e zhi-ka (mikkáxʔe žíka) - little star

mi-ka-x’e zhi-ka (mikkáxʔe žíka) - Little Star, male name of the mi-ʰka-x’e ni-ʰka-shi-ka (mikkáxʔe níkkašíka) or Star gens [JOD]

cf. mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young

Dhegiha: mi-ʰka-k’e zhiⁿ-ga (mi-ḳá-k’e zhiⁿ-ga) - Little Star, male personal name [FL-Osage]; mi-ʰka-k’e zhiⁿ-ka (miʰkákʔežįka) - little star [CQ-Osage]

 

star, shooting star

mi-ka-x’e o-xpa-de (mikkáxʔe oxpáde) - meteor, shooting star, falling star

cf. mi-ka-x’e (mikkáxʔe) - star; o-xpa-de (oxpáde) - fall from a height; ni o-xpa-de (ní oxpáde) - waterfall

Dhegiha: miⁿ-ka-’e u-xpa-the (miⁿká’e uqpáthe) - meteor, falling star [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-ʰka-ʰk’e u-xpa-the (mi-ḳá-ḳ’e u-xpa-the) - meteor, falling star [FL-Osage]; mi-ʰka-k’e o-xpa-the (miʰkákʔe oxpáðe) - falling star, meteor [CQ-Osage]; mi-ka-k’e o-xpa-ye (mikák’e oxpáye) - shooting star, meteor, lit. “star that falls” [Kaw]

 

starling

maⁿ-kdi-xtaⁿ xo-te (mąkdíxtą xótte) - starling

cf. maⁿ-kdi-xtaⁿ a-hi zhi-te (mąkdíxtą áhi žítte) - redwinged blackbird; maⁿ kdi-xtaⁿ taⁿ-ka (mąkdíxtą ttą́ka) - crow blackbird; xo-te (xótte) - gray

Dhegiha: maⁿ-li-xta xo-je (maⁿlíxta xóje) - starling [Kaw]

Dhegiha: moⁿ-gthi-xta (moⁿgthixta) - blackbird, grackle bird, starling bird [Omaha]; maⁿ-li-xta (maⁿlíxta) - blackbird [Kaw]

 

stars, a constellation with a circle of stars with one in the middle

mi zhi-ka o-zha (mižíka ožá) - girls dancing, a constellation with a circle of stars with one in the middle

cf. mi zhi-ka (mižíka) - girl, young girl, unmarried female; o-zha (óža) - dance

 

start now and then to do something

tʰi-da-da (tʰidáda) - start now and then to do something a-tʰi-bda-bda (atʰíbdabdá) - I, da-tʰi-ta-ta (datʰíttattá) - we, tʰi-oⁿ-da-da-we (tʰiǫ́dadawé) - we

cf. tʰi-de (tʰidé) - pass by, come forth at birth, to begin suddenly; tʰi-kde (tʰikdé) - become suddenly; tʰi-kda-kda (tʰíkdakdá) - repeat a sudden action; tʰi-he (tʰihé) - becomes in a lg. line; to have become suddenly

ex: taⁿ-niⁿ tʰi-da-da naⁿ (ttą́nį tʰidáda ną) - to run/starting often/regularly [JOD]

ex: “e-ska, wi-zhiⁿ-ke, she-to maⁿ-di-taⁿ pi-oⁿ taⁿ-niⁿ tʰi-da-da naⁿ e-koⁿ kaⁿ,” i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke (“éska, wižį́ke, šétto mądíttą ppiǫ́ ttą́nį tʰidáda ną ékǫ kką,” iyí iyá maštį́ke) - “oh my son I hope that you become like a boy that knows how to pull a bow well and begins to run now and then for short distances,” it is said Rabbit said [JOD]

Dhegiha: tʰi-tha-tha (tʰithátha) - beginning suddenly now and then; beginning suddenly and repeatedly [Omaha/Ponca]

 

start, to start back quickly

ko-e-kde (koékde) - she started to run; started to run (homeward); he started to run back to [JOD]

cf. a-ko-e (ákoe) - quickly [JOD]; kde (kdé) - go home, to start homeward

ex: ki-di-za-we e-shoⁿ haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-ba-haⁿ tʰaⁿ o-naⁿ-shto-te naⁿ da taⁿ ni-a-ta ko-e-kde i-ya-we (kídikizáwe ešǫ́ hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe obáhą tʰą oną́štotte ną dá tą niátta koékde iyáwe) - after they made a way for him, he started to run back towards the water, he kicked off Haⁿ-ka’s son’s skin in which he had been wearing, they say [JOD]

ex: i-da-kdi-xaⁿ ko-e-kde (idákdixą́ koékde) - taking his own along, he started to run back [JOD]

ex: e-ti-tʰaⁿ ko-e-kde i-ya-we, wa-x’o niⁿ (ettítʰą koékde iyáwe, waxʔó nį) - then the woman started to run, they say [JOD]

ex: e-ti-tʰaⁿ ko-e-kde i-ya-we, maⁿ-te kʰe a-ki-ki-a-naⁿ, i-ya-we (ettítʰą koékde iyáwe, mątté kʰe ákikkiáną, iyáwe) - then she started to run, she ran/raced back towards her canoe, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: ku-the (kú-¢ĕ) - quickly [JOD-Omaha]; ku-’e (k͓u-’ĕ́) - with a rush [JOD-Omaha]

Dhegiha: gthe (gthe) - go, to go back, go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe (g¢e) - to go back or homeward [JOD-Omaha]; gthe (gthe) - to go home [FL-Osage]; a-le (alée) - initial a is often omitted in 3rd person and imperative, go back there, return there, go home, motion underway [CQ-Osage]; le (lé) - go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

start, to start homeward

kde (kdé) - go home, to start homeward a-kde (akdé) - I, da-kde (dakdé) - you, kde (kdé) - he/she, aⁿ-ka-kde (ą́kakdé) - we, I and one other, kda-we (kdáwe), kda-wi (kdáwi), kda-i (kdái) - they

Dhegiha: gthe (gthe) - go, to go back, go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe (gthe) - to go home [FL-Osage]; a-le (alée) - initial a is often omitted in 3rd person and imperative, go back there, return there, go home, motion underway [CQ-Osage]; le (lé) - go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

a-kde (akdé) - I go home, start homeward

ex: a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe (akdé tta mįkʰé) - I'm going home [MS]

ex: a-kde ta ta miⁿ-kʰe (akdé tta tta mįkʰé) - I'm going home [OM]

ex: e-shoⁿ e-ti pa-ze he-be hi a-kde (ešǫ́ ettí ppáze hébe hí akdé) - so already (that) evening I started home

ex: ti-kde-kde kʰe a-kde (ttíkdekde kʰe akdé) - I go home to the (line of standing) lodges

ex: taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ a-kde maⁿ-te kʰe-ti (ttą́nį wášką akdé mątté kʰettí) - running with all my might, I started back to the canoe [JOD]

ex: e-ta hi ki taⁿ, a-ki-ta taⁿ taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ, a-kde maⁿ-te e-ti (étta hí kí tą, akítta tą ttą́nį wášką, akdé mątté ettí) - when he reached there, I rose and running with all my might, I started back to the canoe [JOD]

ex: wi-e a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe (wíe akdé tta mįkʰé) - I want to go home (I will be going home) [AG]

ex: wi-e mo-sho-ki a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe ka-sa-ni (wíe móšokki akdé tta mįkʰé kasáni) - I am going to church in the morning (tomorrow) [AG]

Dhegiha: a-gthe (ag¢é) - I go back, I go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gthe (á-ghte) - I go home [FL-Osage]; a-le (alée) - I return there [CQ-Osage]; a-le (alé) - I go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

da-kde (dakdé) - you go home, start homeward

ex: pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe i-niⁿ-ha aⁿ-da-kdi-ze taⁿ ta-x’aⁿ-da-ki-de taⁿ aⁿ-da-ki-k’iⁿ da-kde te, i-ke naⁿ (ppahí nįkʰé inįhá ądákdizé tą táxʔądákidé tą ądákikʔį dakdé tte, iké ną) - you take my head and you barbecue it (for me), you carry/pack it (for me) when you go home, he said to her [JOD]

ex: jhi-e mo-sho-ki da-kde (ǰíe móšokki dakdé) - did you go to church yesterday? (you go to church?) [AG)]

Dhegiha: tha-gthe (¢ag¢é) - you go back, you go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-gthe (thá-gthe) - you go home [FL-Osage]; tha-le (ðalée) - you return there [CQ-Osage]; ya-le (yalé) - you go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

kde (kdé) - he/she go home, start homeward

ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta zho-zhi-te e-naⁿ o-zha-wi koⁿ-bda (waǰíni kdé tta žožítte éną óžawi kkǫbdá) - you white people go home and us Indians dance all night (when the white people go home, I want just us Indians to dance) [MS]

ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta aⁿ-ba o-zha hne (waǰíni kdé tta ą́ba óža hné) - you white people go home and dance all night [MS]

ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ wa-ba-tʰe o-zhi-ha niⁿ-kʰe ki-k’iⁿ kde i-ya (waxʔóžiká nį wabátʰe óžiha nįkʰe kikʔį́ kdé iyá) - the old woman carried her sewing bag upon her back and went homeward, it is said (they say) [JOD]

ex: pa-te taⁿ k’iⁿ kde i-ya (pátte tą kʔį kdé iyá) - she butchered the carcass, packed it on her back, and carried it home, it is said (they say) [JOD]

ex: kde niⁿ (kde nį) - he was going homeward [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ a-shi toⁿ-we-ki-ki shoⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ kde shoⁿ-niⁿ hi-pʰe i-ya-we (kóišǫttą áši tǫ́wekikí šǫ-nį́ wašką́ kdé šǫ-nį́ hipʰé iyáwe) - then she looked back at him repeatedly as she tried with all her might to get home, she fell, they say [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ-iⁿ kde (ką́į kdé) - just as she was starting home [JOD]

 

aⁿ-ka-kde (ą́kakdé) - we, I and one other go home, start homeward

ex: aⁿ-ka-kde taⁿ-ka-tʰaⁿ (ą́kakdé tta ą́katʰą) - we are going home (me and you are going home) [MS]

ex: aⁿ-ka-kde te-a (ąkákde tteá) - let us go homeward, let’s go home [JOD]

ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka zho-hi hi t’e-aⁿ-de [t’e-aⁿ-da-we] aⁿ-ka-kde te-a (wažį́ka žóhi hí tʔeą́de [tʔéądáwe] ąkákde tteá) - we have killed many birds, let’s go home [JOD]

ex: iⁿ-knaⁿ, aⁿ-ka-kde te, i-ke tʰaⁿ (įkną́, ąkákde tté, iké tʰą) - first son, let’s go home, he said to him [JOD]

 

aⁿ-ka-kda-we (ąkákdawe) - we go home, start homeward

Dhegiha: aⁿ-ga-gtha i (añgág¢ai) - we go back, we go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ-ga-gtha i (oⁿ-gá-gtha i) - we go home [FL-Osage]; aⁿ-ga-la-be (aⁿgálabe) - we go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

kda-we (kdáwe), kda-wi (kdáwi), kda-i (kdái) - they go home, start homeward

ex: kda-we (kdáwe) - they started home [JOD]

ex: kde ta-we (kdé ttawe) - they were about to go homeward [JOD]

ex: ka-sa-ni-a-ti shi-naⁿ kda-we, i-ya-we (kásaniáti šíną kdáwe, iyáwe) - then in the morning, again they started for home, they say [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka she-mi-zhi-ka e-naⁿ-pa kda-we, i-ya-we (kóišǫ́ttą níkka šémižíka enąpá kdá-we, iyáwe) - then both the man and little girl started homeward, they say [JOD]

ex: e-ti kda-we-ka! (ettí kdawé-ka!) - there/go ye again/imperative [JOD]

ex: ha-ki-de-de-tʰaⁿ da-tʰi-ke-we i-te e-ti kda-we-ka! (hákidedétʰą datʰí-ké-we itté ettí kdawé-ka!) -f wherever you’all may have come from, go there to your respective homes! [JOD]

ex: kda-we (kdáwe) - they went again [JOD]

ex: kda-we-naⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka za-ni hi ki-sto-naⁿ, i-ya (kdáwe-ną níkkašika zaní hi kistó-ną, iyá) - as they started homeward, all of the people assembled, it is said [JOD]

ex: zho-ki-kde kda-wi (žókikde kdáwi) - together, they went home [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ-iⁿ kda-i (ką́į kdá-i) - as they started home [JOD]

ex: e-taⁿ-ni kda-i (ettą́ni kdá-i) - they started home first [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-taⁿ-niⁿ kda-i ke-ni-te ka-ki niⁿ e-taⁿniⁿ kʰi (kóišǫ́ttą ettą́ni kdá-i kenitté kaki nį ettą́ni kʰí) - then they (her step-sisters) started home first, although she arrived home first, before them (her step-sisters) [JOD]

 

kda (kdá) - go home!, start homeward!

ex: ti-a-ti kda (ttíatti kdá) - go in the house! [MS]

ex: e-ti kda (ek-tigadah) - go away!, be off! (va-t’en) [GI]

ex: e-ti kda (étti kdá) - there/go there [JOD]

ex: “te k’iⁿ kde ta-i o-da-ke e-ti kda!” i-yi i-ya maⁿ-tʰo tʰaⁿ (“tté kʔį kdé ttai ódaké étti kdá!” iyí iyá mątʰó tʰą) - “go home and tell those there that they will pack the buffalo home!” it is said that the Grizzly bear said

(the Grizzly bear ordered the Rabbit to return to the lodge and request the household to come and aid in carrying the buffalo meat to their home) [JOD]

 

started off

kaⁿ-iⁿ hi (ką́į hi) - started off [JOD]

cf. koⁿ (kǫ), kaⁿ (ką) - so, as, since; hi (hi) - come, be coming here, not own

 

starting, back to starting point

xa-da (xáda) - back to starting point, back

xa-da (xáda) - back again [JOD]

ex: xa-da de (xáda dé) - he went back again [JOD]

ex: xa-da tʰi-kda (xáda tʰikdá) - back again/pass thou [JOD]

ex: shaⁿ-iⁿ-te, t’e paⁿ-ze, e-shaⁿ kde xa-da (šą́įtte, tʔé ppą́ze, éšą kdé xáda) - well, I pretended to be dead, then he went back again [JOD]

ex: xa-da shi kdi naⁿ (xáda shi kdi ną) - back again/again/returned/often [JOD]

ex: e-to-ha hi shi naⁿ-ke de naⁿ, i-ya, xa-da shi kdi naⁿ, i-ya (ettóha hí shi nąké de ną, iyá, xáda shi kdi ną, iyá) - he ran far ahead and then back, again and again, it is said [JOD]

Dhegiha: xa-tha (xátha) - back, returning, back again to the starting point [Omaha/Ponca]; xa-tha (qá-¢a) - back to starting point; back again to the starting point [JOD-Omaha]; xa-tha (xá-tha) - backward [FL-Osage]; xa-tha (xáða) - back, backward, in reverse, retrograde [CQ-Osage]; xa-ya (xáya) - back to the starting point [Kaw]

 

startle, flush out with the feet

naⁿ-zhi-we (nąžíwe) - drive, flush out with the feet a-naⁿ-zhi-we (aną́žiwe) - I, da-naⁿ-zhi-we (daną́žiwe) - you

ex: naⁿ-zhi-we (nąžíwe) - he started out of a thicket by running

ex: hoⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi, ta miⁿ naⁿ-zhi-we, i-ya (hǫ́tʰąhi, tta mį nąžíwe, iyá) - after a while, he (Rabbit) flushed out a deer, it is said [JOD]

 

states, President of the United States

i-ti-kaⁿ-da-we (ittíkądáwe) - President of the U.S., lit. “they have him as a grandfather”

i-ti-kaⁿ-da-we (ittíkądáwe) - Preseident [MS]

cf. i-ti-kaⁿ-de (ittíkąde) - to have as a grandfather; a-we (-awe), we (-we) - pluralizer for verbs and noun phrases; i-ti-kaⁿ (ittíką), e-ti-kaⁿ (eTíką) - grandfather, his or her grandfather

Dhegiha: i-ti-gaⁿ-tha-i (i-t͓í-gaⁿ-¢aí) - he whom they have for a grandfather, the President of the U.S. [JOD-Omaha]; ʰtsi-go a-bi wa-ʰtoⁿ-ga (ṭsí-go a-bi wa-ṭoⁿ-ga) - grandfather to all, this is the Osage term for President of the United States [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtsi-ko-a-pi (iʰcíkoapí) - President of the United States, lit., “grandfather of all” [CQ-Osage]; i-tsi-go-ya-be (icígoyábe) - Washington, the President, wi-tsi-go-ya-be (wicígoyábe) -  possessive form, lit., “we have him as our grandfather” [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-ti-gaⁿ-the (i-t͓í-gaⁿ-¢ĕ) - to have one for an i-ti-gaⁿ (i-t͓í-gaⁿ) [JOD-Omaha]; i-tsi-go-ye (icígoye) - to have for a grandfather, to call someone i-tsi-go (icígo) [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-ti-gaⁿ (i-t͓í-gaⁿ) - his or her grandfather or father-in-law [JOD-Omaha]; i-ʰtsi-go (i-ṭsí-go) - grandfather, the term ʰtsi-go (ṭsi-go) is applied to a father’s father, to his father, to a mother’s father, to his brother, to a father-in-law, and to a wife’s maternal uncle, it is also used as a term of reverence for God and for natural objects, such as the sun, the morning star, the dipper, Orion's belt, the pole star, and living objects whose mysterious habits inspire in the Osage mind a feeling of reverence for the Creator [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtsi-ko (iʰcíko) - his/her grandfather, his/her father-in-law [CQ-Osage]; i-tsi-go (icígo) - his or her grandfather, grandfather's father; great grandfather [Kaw]

 

wa-jhi-ni ka-hi-ke (waǰíni kahike) - President; Indian agent

wa-jhi-ni ga-hi-ge (waǰíni gahíge) - President, Indian Agent [OM]

cf. wa-jhi-ni (waǰíni) - white people, white man, white race [MS, MR, OM]; wa-jhi-ni (waǰíni) - American; derived from “Virginia”; ka-hi-ke (kahíke), ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - chief

Dhegiha: wa-dsi-ni (wá-dsi-ni) - a disease, a malady [FL-Osage]; wa-tsʰi-ni (wácʰini), wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie) - probably from “Virginia” which may have been used to mean “white man,” perhaps venereal disease was later associated with wa-tsʰu (wacʰú) ‘copulate’ and thus may have substituted tsʰ (ch) for ts (c), giving the variants wa-tsʰi-ni (wácʰini) and wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie), Robert Rankin, personal communication. Additionally, wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie) may contain or be influenced by ni-e (níe) ‘hurt’ [CQ-Osage]; wa-ji-ne (wáji ne) - disease, a malady [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - Chief, male name [JOD-Omaha]; ga-hi-ge (ga-hí-ge) - the great one, the chief [FL-Osage]; ka-hi-ke (ka-hí-ke) - chief [CQ-Osage]; ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - chief, leader, ruler, be chief, rule over; JOD (reflecting his times): to rule over, as a chief or U.S. agent does [Kaw]

 

stay close by

o-di-shaⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ (odíšą mąnį́) - stay close by o-bdi-shaⁿ a-maⁿ-bniⁿ (obdišą amąbnį) - I, o-ti-shaⁿ da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (ottišą damąttį) - you

cf. o-di-shaⁿ (odíšą) - go around in a circle; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

Dhegiha: u-thi-shoⁿ moⁿ-thiⁿ (uthíshoⁿ moⁿthíⁿ) - to walk around an object [Omaha/Ponca]

Dhegiha: u-thi-shoⁿ (uthíshoⁿ) - around, around someone or something, moving circularly like the hands of a clock, go around, circle, to go around in a circle, to go around something  [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-shoⁿ (uthíshoⁿ) - circle, encircle, surround, cycle, round [Omaha]; u-thi-shoⁿ (u-thí-shoⁿ) - marching around in a circle [FL-Osage]

 

stay with someone, live with

i-kdi-xe (íkdixe) - live with, stay with someone i-da-kdi-xe (idákdixé) - I, i-da-kdi-xe (ídakdíxe) - you

cf. wa-we-di-xe (wawédixe) - refugee (from another tribe)

ex: we-a-kdi-xe a-bdi-shtaⁿ (weákdixe ábdištą́) - I ceased to live with them

ex: e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ, iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka iⁿ-da e-naⁿ-pa we-a-kdi-xe a-bdi-shtaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą, įttáttežíka įdá eną́pa weákdixé ábdištą́) - and from then on, I ceased to live with my stepfather and my mother [JOD]

ex: aⁿ-naⁿ-ti-xe (ąną́ttixe) - you stay with me [JOD]

ex: aⁿ-naⁿ-ti-xe shkoⁿ-ta (ąną́ttixe škǫ́tta) - do you want to live with me? [JOD]

Dhegiha: i-ki-gthi-xe (íkigthíqe) - to go to a place for safety, or to get something done [Omaha/Ponca]

Dhegiha: u-thi-xe (uthiqe) - a refugee, one who has left his tribe and is staying with another people [Omaha/Ponca]; o-yu-ghe (óyughe) - take refuge in [Kaw]

 

stay, I stay there awhile

kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (ką́ mįkʰé) - I was so for awhile, I stay there awhile, so I sat awhile, I sat for some time, I have been sitting so [JOD]

cf. kaⁿ (ką́) - so, since, as; miⁿ-kʰe (mįkʰé) - I, 1st person singular continuative sitting

ex: kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (ką́-mįkʰé) - I was so for a while (I stay there awhile) [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe-ti ki-ha-ti a-zhoⁿ koⁿ-bda-zhi hi (ką́-mįkʰé-tti kihátti ažǫ́ kkǫ́bdáži hí) - so, I stayed there awhile, I really didn’t want to sleep on the ground [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (ką́-mįkʰé) - I sat for some time, I have been sitting so [JOD]

ex: de-do ti-aⁿ-hi kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe maⁿ (dédo ttią́hi ką́-mįkʰé mą́) - I have been dwelling here a very long time [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (ką́-mįkʰé) - so I sat awhile [JOD]

ex: e-kaⁿ niⁿ zho-wa hi a-te-zhe zhi-ka de-a-de kaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (éką nį žówa hí atéže žíka deáde ką́-mįkʰé) - so, I urinated a little bit, I sent a little off as I was sitting there [JOD]

Dhegiha: gaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (gaⁿ miñke) - I sit here for some time [JOD-Omaha]

 

stay, return home there and stay

a-kʰi-kniⁿ (akʰíknį) - return home there and stay

cf. kʰi (kʰi) - arrive back at one’s own; kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be sitting, be in a place, camp

ex: she-ta a-kʰi-kniⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe (šétta akʰíknį tta mįkʰé) - I will return thither (in sight) and take my seat

ex: she-ta da-kʰi-kniⁿ naⁿ (šétta dakʰíknį ną́) - return thither and take your seat!

Dhegiha: a-kʰi-gthiⁿ (a-kí-g¢iⁿ) - to return and sit in a place where he used to be, or at his home [JOD-Omaha]; a-ʰki-gthiⁿ (á-ḳí-gthiⁿ) - returns to his own seat [FL-Osage]; khi-liⁿ (khíliⁿ) - to have gone back to sit, to sit there again [Kaw]

 

steal something

maⁿ-da (mądá), moⁿ-da (mǫdá) - steal something maⁿ-bda (mąbdá) - I, maⁿ-ta (mąttá) - you, oⁿ-maⁿ-da-we (ǫmą́dawe) - we

moⁿ-da (mondá) - to steal [ASG]

ex: ki-maⁿ-da (kímąda) - steal something from someone

ex: maⁿ-da-taⁿ (mądáttą) - stealthily, secretly

ex: maⁿ-da-taⁿ (mądá-ttą) - secretly/when [JOD]

ex: wa-moⁿ-da (wamǫ́da) - to steal, to steal things

ex: wa-maⁿ-da-shtaⁿ (wamą́daštą́) - thief, who steals habitually

Dhegiha: moⁿ-thoⁿ (moⁿthoⁿ) - kidnap; abduct [Omaha]; moⁿ-thoⁿ (moⁿ-thóⁿ) - to steal; filch; or rifle [FL-osage]; maⁿ-thoⁿ (mąąðǫ́) - steal [CQ-Osage]; moⁿ-yoⁿ (moⁿyóⁿ), maⁿ-yaⁿ (maⁿyáⁿ) - to steal [Kaw]

 

wa-moⁿ-da (wamǫ́da) - to steal, to steal things

wa-moⁿ-da (wamóⁿda) - stole [ASG]

cf. maⁿ-da (mądá), moⁿ-da (mǫdá) - steal something

Dhegiha: wa-moⁿ-thoⁿ (wamóⁿthoⁿ) - to steal, in general; to steal them (an. objects), not his [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-moⁿ-thoⁿ (wamoⁿthoⁿ) - steal; rob [Omaha]; wa-moⁿ-thoⁿ (wa-móⁿ-thoⁿ) - to steal; to take that which belongs to another; to pilfer [FL-Osage]; wa-maⁿ-thoⁿ (wamą́ąðǫ) - steal, steal something, steal things; thievery, theft, stealing, robbery [CQ-Osage]; wa-moⁿ-yoⁿ (wamóⁿyoⁿ) - steal plural animate objects, as horses [Kaw]

 

steal something from someone

ki-maⁿ-da (kímąda) - steal something from someone

cf. maⁿ-da (mądá), moⁿ-da (mǫdá) - steal something ki-maⁿ-da-we (kímądawe) - they

ex: shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ ki-maⁿ-da-we (šǫkeáknį kímądawe) - they stole his horse

Dhegiha: gi-moⁿ-thoⁿ (gímoⁿthoⁿ) - to steal something from another [Omaha/Ponca]; gi-moⁿ-yoⁿ (gímoⁿyoⁿ) - steal something from someone [Kaw]

 

steals habitually, thief

wa-maⁿ-da-shtaⁿ (wamą́daštą́) - thief, who steals habitually

cf. wa-moⁿ-da (wamǫ́da) - to steal, to steal things; shtaⁿ (štą) - habitual

Dhegiha: wa-maⁿ-thaⁿ-shtaⁿ (wa-máⁿ-¢aⁿ-ctáⁿ) - a thief [JOD-Omaha]; wa-moⁿ-thoⁿ-shtoⁿ (wa-móⁿ-thoⁿ-shtoⁿ) - one who is in the habit of stealing; a thief [FL-Osage]; wa-maⁿ-thoⁿ-shtaⁿ (wamą́ąðǫštą) - thief, robber [CQ-Osage]; wa-moⁿ-yoⁿ-shtaⁿ (wamóⁿyoⁿshtaⁿ) - thief [Kaw]

 

stealthily, secretly

maⁿ-da-taⁿ (mądáttą) - stealthily, secretly

cf. maⁿ-da (mądá), moⁿ-da (mǫdá) - steal something

ex: maⁿ-da-taⁿ (mądá-ttą) - secretly/when [JOD]

ex: da-tʰa-i tʰe he-be a-ki-niⁿ hi niⁿ naⁿ i-ya maⁿ-da-taⁿ (datʰaí tʰe hébe ákinį hi nį́ ną iyá mądá-ttą) - he would secretly take a piece of what they ate to him, it is said [JOD]

Dhegiha: moⁿ-thoⁿ (moⁿthoⁿ) - kidnap; abduct [Omaha]; moⁿ-thoⁿ (moⁿ-thóⁿ) - to steal; filch; or rifle [FL-osage]; maⁿ-thoⁿ (mąąðǫ́) - steal [CQ-Osage]; moⁿ-yoⁿ (moⁿyóⁿ), maⁿ-yaⁿ (maⁿyáⁿ) - to steal [Kaw]

 

steamboat

pe-te maⁿ-te o-he-ki-de (ppétte mą́tte óhekkíde) - steamboat

cf. pe-te (ppétte) - fire; maⁿ-te (mą́tte) - boat, canoe; o-he (óhe) - to follow, as a road or the course of a stream; channel, course, path; ki-de (kkíde)- cause itself

 

stem, handle

i-ba (íba) - stem, handle

ex: ta-ni-ba i-ba (taníba íba) - pipestem

ex: ma-hiⁿ i-ba (máhį ibá) - knife handle

Dhegiha: i-ba (íba) - handle [Omaha/Ponca]; i-ba (í-ba) - trope for pipestem [FL-Osage]; i-ba (íba) - handle [Kaw]

 

step on and burst something

naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something a-naⁿ-to-xi (aną́ttoxi) - I, da-naⁿ-to-xi (daną́ttoxi) - you

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching, pushing; bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch; ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - soda pop, “exploding water”; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - to cause burst by burning

 

step on or kick and break something

naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something a-naⁿ-to-we (aną́ttowe) - I, da-naⁿ-to-we (daną́ttowe) - you

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up; bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; di-to-we (dittówe) - plow, pulverize the soil; we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - a plow; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; ka-to-we de-de (kattówe déde) - throw at and shatter; pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces; po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it’s own accord

Dhegiha: tu-be (túbe) - fine as flour [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-tu-be (bitúbe) - crumble, to make something crumble by weight or pressure, as an old log or stump [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-tu-be (thátube) - crush with the teeth, chew [Omaha]; ga-tu-be (gátube) - crush [Omaha]; ba-ʰto-be (bá-ṭo-be) - chopped fine, slice [FL-Osage]; ga-ʰto-be (ga-ṭo-be) - to shatter, to pulverize [FL-Osage]; ba-to-be (batóbe) - grind, pound fine [Kaw]; yu-to-be (yutóbe), yu-to-we (yutówe) - plow, break virgin ground; to grind, grind up [Kaw]

 

step, make a step

si di-ze de-de (si díze déde) - stride, make a step

cf. si di-ze (si díze) - raise the foot as in walking; si (si) - foot; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go

ex: si di-ze de-de (sí dizé dedé) - raising his feet/sent it off [JOD]

ex: si di-ze de-de naⁿ hi tʰe-ti (sí dizé dedé ną hí tʰétti) - at every step which he took [JOD]

Dhegiha: si thi-ze (si ¢í-zĕ) - to take up his feet, to raise the feet, as in walking [JOD-Omaha]; si thi-ze (si thíze) - lift one’s feet, as in walking [Omaha/Ponca]; si thi-ze (çi thize) - step [Omaha]; si thu-ze stse-dse (çí-thu-çe stse-dse) - to stride [FL-Osage]; si yu-ze (síyuze) - to take a step, advance step by step [Kaw]

 

si di-ze (si díze) - raise the foot as in walking

cf. si (si) - foot; di-ze (dizé) - get, take, receive; o-si-di-ze (osídize) - stride

ex: si di-ze de-de (si díze déde) - stride, make a step

ex: si di-ze de-de (sí dizé dedé) - raising his feet/sent it off [JOD]

ex: si di-ze de-de naⁿ hi tʰe-ti (sí dizé dedé ną hí tʰétti) - at every step which he took [JOD]

Dhegiha: si thi-ze (si ¢í-zĕ) - to take up his feet, to raise the feet, as in walking [JOD-Omaha]; si thi-ze (si thíze) - lift one’s feet, as in walking [Omaha/Ponca]; si thi-ze (çi thize) - step [Omaha]; si thu-ze stse-dse (çí-thu-çe stse-dse) - to stride [FL-Osage]; si yu-ze (síyuze) - to take a step, advance step by step [Kaw]

 

o-si-di-ze (osídize) - stride

cf. si di-ze (si díze) - raise the foot as in walking; si di-ze de-de (si díze déde) - stride, make a step

Dhegiha: u-si-thu-ze (u-çí-thu-çe) - the length of a footstep; a footstep [FL-Osage]

 

stepdaughter

e-zhaⁿ-ke e-zhi (ežą́ke éži) - stepdaughter [JOD]

cf. i-zhaⁿ-ke (ižą́ke), e-zhaⁿ-ke (ežą́ke) - someone’s daughter; e-zhi (éži) - another, different, other

ex: e-zhaⁿ-ke e-zhi pa (ežą́ke éži pá) - his daughter/the others [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-zhaⁿ-ke e-zhi pa, “wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ hi aⁿ-ki-niⁿ kdi ni-he,” i-ye pa (kóišǫ́ttą ežą́ke éži pá, “wahį́ska hóttą hi ą́kinį kdí-nihé,” iyé pa) - then his stepdaughters said, “bring back some really good calico cloth” [JOD]

Dhegiha: i-zhoⁿ-ge (izhóⁿge) - his or her daughter [Omaha/Ponca]; i-zhuⁿ-ge (izhúⁿge) - daughter [Omaha]; i-zhoⁿ-ge (i-zhóⁿ-ge) - his or her daughter [FL-Osage]; i-zhoⁿ-ke (ižǫ́ke) - his/her daughter, his brother's daughter, his sister's daughter, more precise than English “his/her niece” [CQ-Osage]; i-zhoⁿ-ge (izhóⁿge) - daughter, his or her [Kaw]

Dhegiha: a-zhi (á-ji) - another; not the same; different [Omaha/Ponca]; a-zhi (azhi) - strange [Omaha]; e-zhi (é-zhi) - not that kind [FL-Osage]; e-zhi (éezhi) - odd, unusual, of a different kind, inappropriate, unsuitable, different, other, otherwise, strange [CQ-Osage]; e-zhi (ézhi) - other, different, another [Kaw]

 

stepfather

i-da-te zhi-ka (idáttežíka) - stepfather iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka (įttáttežíka) - my, di-a-te zhi-ka (diáttežíka) - your

i-da-te zhi-ka (idáttežíka), e-da-te zhi-ka (edáttežíka) - a man’s father’s younger brother iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka (įttáttežíka) - my, di-a-te zhi-ka (diáttežíka) - your

cf. i-da-te (idátte) - father; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young

ex: iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka (įttáttežíka - my stepfather [JOD]

ex: e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ, iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka iⁿ-da e-naⁿ-pa we-a-kdi-xe a-bdi-shtaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą, įttáttežíka įdá eną́pa weákdixé ábdištą́) - and from then on, I ceased to live with my stepfather and my mother [JOD]

ex: di-a-te zhi-ka (diáttežíka) - your stepfather [JOD]

ex: di-a-te zhi-ka i-yo-wi-taⁿ a-kda niⁿ kdi kʰe, pa-kaⁿ-ka ta-tʰaⁿ (diáttežíka íyowíttą akdánį kdí kʰe, ppákkąkká ttatʰą́) - since your stepfather has been shot (they) are taking him home from Crooked-Nose’s (a trading post) [JOD]

 

stepped on, cry out from being stepped on

naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (nąhóttą) - cry out from being stepped on a-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (aną́hottą) - I, da-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (daną́hottą) - you

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ho (ho) - voice; ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - cry out, roar; ho taⁿ-ka (hŭk-takah) - shout, yell, scream, call (crier) [GI]; ho taⁿ-ka (hú-tañ-k͓a) - Kwapa name for the Winnebago Indians [JOD]

ex: iⁿ-tʰaⁿ wa-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (įtʰą́ waną́hottą́) - owl/he made them hoot as he walked [JOD]

ex: iⁿ-tʰaⁿ wa-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ ną-we, i-ya (įtʰą́ waną́hottą́ năⁿ-wé, iyá) - he made the owls hoot as he walked, it is said [JOD]

Dhegiha: wa-naⁿ-hu-tʰaⁿ (wanáⁿhutaⁿ) - to make them cry by treading [JOD-Omaha]

Dhegiha: hu-tʰoⁿ (hútʰoⁿ) - to cry out, rear, bellow, etc.: said of the cries of all animals but men and hogs [Omaha/Ponca]; ho-ʰtoⁿ (hóṭoⁿ) - the cry or call of animals or birds [FL-Osage]; ho-ʰtaⁿ (hóoʰtą) - yell, holler, shout, lit., “loud voice”, sing or sound out, make a loud sound, make animal sounds [CQ-Osage]; ho-taⁿ (hótaⁿ) - cry of an animal; an animal’s characteristic cry, a single term used to convey notions such as roar, bellow, whinny, caw, etc. [Kaw]

 

stepping, make a crack noise by stepping

naⁿ-ta-ze (nąttáze) - make crack noise by stepping a-naⁿ-ta-ze (aną́ttaze) - I, da-naⁿ-ta-ze (daną́ttaze) - you

cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; bi-ta-ze (bittáze) - crackle when squeezed; da-ta-ze (dattáze) - crackling sound by biting; di-ta-ze (dittáze) - crackling sound, snapping; ka-ta-ze (kattáze) - crackling sound of sticks; ta-ta-ze (tattáze) - crackle while burning

Dhegiha: naⁿ-do-ze (naⁿdóze) - crack ice by stepping on it [Kaw]

 

stepping, pop by stepping on

naⁿ-ta-zhe (nąttáže) - pop by stepping on a-naⁿ-ta-zhe (aną́ttaže) - I, da-naⁿ-ta-zhe (daną́ttaže) - you

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ba-ta-zhe (battáže) - to make a popping sound from pushing; bi-ta-zhe (bittáže) - popping sound from pressing; da-ta-zhe (dattáže) - make popping sound with mouth; di-ta-zhe (dittáže) - snap the fingers; ka-ta-zhe (kattáže), ga-ta-zhe (gattáže) - clap the hands; naⁿ-pe ka-ta-zhe (nąpe kattáže) - clap the hands; po-ta-zhe (póttaže) - thrust and cause popping sound; ta-ta-zhe (táttaže) - to make a popping sound, as wood in a fire

 

stepping, spoil something by stepping on it

naⁿ-shi-ke (nąšíke) - spoil something by stepping on it a-naⁿ-shi-ke (aną́šike) - I, da-naⁿ-shi-ke (daną́šike) - you

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; shi-ke (šíke) - bad; ba-shi-ke (bašiké) - ruin by poking a hole in; bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by pressing, squash; da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly; di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong; ka-shi-ke (kašíke) - spoil something by striking it; pa-shi-ke (pášike) - ruin by cutting with a knife; po-shi-ke (póšike) - spoil something by punching it; ta-shi-ke (tášíke) - ruin something by burning it

 

stepping, to knock out of the fire by stepping on

naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - to knock out of the fire by stepping on [JOD]

naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot, walk on and kick it, walk on something, kicking

cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot

ex: naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - he knocked it out of the fire by stepping on it [JOD]

ex: ta-iⁿ-xe naⁿ-si-ka (táįγe nąsiká) - he knocked the firebrand out of the fire by stepping on it (kicking it) [JOD]

Dhegiha: noⁿ-si-ge (noⁿ-çí-ge) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-si-ge (naⁿsíge) - walk on gravel and kick it; walk on something, kicking; scuff along [Kaw]

 

sternum

mo-iⁿ-ke o-po-xa (moį́ke oppóγa) - sternum, just above ka-xe i-pe (kkaγe ipe) where knife is inserted in butchering

cf. maⁿ-ke (mą́ke), maⁿ-iⁿ-ke (mąį́ke), mo-iⁿ-ke (moį́ke) - chest, chest of a male

Dhegiha: moⁿ-ge (móⁿge) - chest [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-ge (moⁿge) - human chest, breast [Omaha]; moⁿ-ge (móⁿ-ge) - breast or chest of a human being [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-ke (mą́ąke), moⁿ-ke (mǫ́ǫke) - chest [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-ge (máⁿge) - chest of a man, breast of an animal [Kaw]

 

sternum, breast bone

mo-iⁿ-ke wa-hi (moį́ke wahí) - sternum, breast bone

cf. maⁿ-ke (mą́ke), maⁿ-iⁿ-ke (mąį́ke), mo-iⁿ-ke (moį́ke) - chest, chest of a male; wa-hi (wahí) - bone

ex: mo-iⁿ-ke wa-hi kʰe (moį́ke wahí kʰe) - the sternum, the breast bone

Dhegiha: moⁿ-ge (móⁿge) - chest [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-ge (moⁿge) - human chest, breast [Omaha]; moⁿ-ge (móⁿ-ge) - breast or chest of a human being [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-ke (mą́ąke), moⁿ-ke (mǫ́ǫke) - chest [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-ge (máⁿge) - chest of a man, breast of an animal [Kaw]

 

sternum, depression at base of sternum

ka-xe i-pe (kkáγe ipé) - depression at base of sternum

 

stick candy, spiral stick candy

wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de di-be-bni (wažǫ́ke skíde dibébni) - candy, spiral stick candy

cf. di-shoⁿ-ke (dišǫké) - pulverize, make mellow; ski-de (skíde) - sweet; wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de (wašǫ́ke skíde), wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de (wažǫ́ke skíde) - sugar, “pulverized sweet”; di-be-bniⁿ (dibébnį) - twist with the hands; ta-ni di-be-bni (taní dibébni) - cigar, literally, twisted tobacco; ni-zhi-ha di-be-bniⁿ (nižíha dibébnį) - braid hair [MS]

Dhegiha: zhoⁿ-ni thi-be-bthiⁿ (zhoⁿní thibébthiⁿ) - “twisted sugar,” originally, twisted or plaited candy; stick candy with stripes around it, now said of all candy [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stick in, put inside, tuck in

mi-knaⁿ (míkną) - put inside, tuck in, stick in mi-a-knaⁿ (miákną) - I, mi-da-knaⁿ (mídakną) - you

cf. knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (ókdą) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into, put inside; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - put or set one’s own; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; pi-knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; o-ki-knaⁿ (okkíkną) - undertake something

ex: me-a-ki-knaⁿ (meákikną́) - I put my own in my belt [JOD]

Dhegiha: mi-gthaⁿ (mí-g¢aⁿ) - to put a knife or stick under the belt; to put a knife in its sheath under the belt, to put a lariat, etc., under the belt [JOD-Omaha]

 

stick into

a-ba-xda-te (ábaxdátte) - he stuck it into (the hair) [JOD]

cf. a-ki-da-xda-te (ákkidaxdátte) - through; a-ki-da-xda-te de (ákkidaxdátte dé) - to go through

ex: i-ka-pʰe a-ba-xda-te (íkapʰe ábaxdátte) - comb that is worn in the hair [JOD]

ex: ni-shki-ta a-ba-xda-te i-tʰe-de (niškítta ábaxdátte itʰéde) - he stuck it (the pin) into his hair (upright on the back of his head) [JOD]

Dhegiha: na-zhi-ha we-ba-xtha-de (nazhíha wébaqtháde) - hairpin [Omaha/Ponca]; we-a-ba-xtha-de (weábaqtháde) - hairpin [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ki-tha-xtha-de (akíthaxthade) - through [Omaha]

 

stick or prick oneself

i-ki-pa-xdo (íkkippaxdó) - stick or prick oneself i-da-ki-pa-xdo (idákkippaxdó) - I, i-da-ki-pa-xdo (ídakkippaxdó) - you

cf. i-ba-xdo (íbaxdo) - stuck in him [JOD]; wa-naⁿ-bde i-ba-xto (waną́bde íbaxto), wa-naⁿ-bdi-ba-xto (waną́bdibaxto)  - fork, a table fork, lit., “something to stick food”; wa-sa i-ba-xdo-xdo (wasá íbaxdoxdó) - small pieces of black bear meat roasted on sticks or spits [JOD]; ba-xdo (baxdó), ba-xto (baxtó) - pierce, stab, perforate; pa ba-xto (ppá baxtó) - nose perforation for ring; naⁿ-ta ba-xto (nąttá baxtó) - perforations for earrings; ki-ne-ba-xdo (kinébaxdó) - cactus [MS]; ho we-ba-xto (ho wébaxto) - fish spear; ma-ze we-ba-xto (máze wébaxto) - spear, war spear; o-po-xdo (opóxdo), o-po-kto (opókto) - shoot through something

Dhegiha: ki-pa-xthu (kipáqthu) - to pierce himself with an awl; to stick an awl in his flesh

Dhegiha: ba-xthu (baxthu) - pierce [Omaha]; ba-xthu (ba-q¢ú) - to punch a hole, to pierce, to punch through [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xtho-ge (ba-xthó-ge) - to pierce, perforate, punch, make a hole in a piece of leather [FL-Osage]; ba-xlo-ge (baxlóge) - pierce, impale, hold with a fork [Kaw]

 

stick something into something

o-di-zhiⁿ-te (odížįtté) - stick something into something o-bdi-zhiⁿ-te (obdížįtte) - I, o-ti-zhiⁿ-te (ottížįtte) - you

cf. naⁿ-pe o-di-zhiⁿ (nąpé ódižį́) - gloves

ex: aⁿ-di-zhiⁿ-te (ądižįtté) - he thrust his hand/finger into my [JOD]

ex: o-di-zhiⁿ-te (odížįtte) - he thrust his hand/or fingers into [JOD]

Dhegiha: thi-zhiⁿ-de (thizhíⁿde) - to thrust the hand down into a hole, to pull out a raccoon, etc.; to reach down the arm or hand into a kettle, bucket, or bag [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-zhiⁿ-dse (thi-zhíⁿ-dse) - to thrust a finger or arm into a hole [FL-Osage]; yu-zhiⁿ-je (yuzhíⁿje) - reach into something; to thrust the hand or arm into a hole to draw out a raccoon, etc.; to reach down with the hand into a bag, kettle, pot, etc. [Kaw]

 

stick to one here and there

i-kdi-za-za (íkdizáza) - stick to one here and there

ex: zho i-kdi-za-za (žo íkdizáza) - flesh/adhering here and there to its own [JOD]

ex: shi-naⁿ zho i-kdi-za-za hi ni-ha e-ti-ni-kʰa naⁿ, i-ya (ši-ną́ žo íkdizáza hí nihá ettí-nikʰá ną, iyá) - on and on, some (corpses) were sitting there with their flesh adhering here and there, it is said [JOD]

 

stick upright

a-kde (akdé) - put; set a standing or perpendicular object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it, as in pitching a tent, placing a candle on a table, etc. a-a-kde (áakdé) - I, a-da-kde (ádakdé) - you, oⁿ-ka-kda-we (ǫkákdawe) - we

cf. o-kde (okdé) - put lengthwise, to stand

ex: ma-shoⁿ a-a-kde (mášǫ áakde) - I stick a feather upright (in my hair)

ex: a-shi a-kde (aši akde) - to set an object on top of something else

ex: siⁿ-te a-kde (sį́tte ákde) - to wear a tail in the belt, ballplayers evidently did this

ex: wa-kde (wakdé) - feather on the head [MS]

ex: wa-kde sa i-niⁿ-ha a-kde pa naⁿ (wákde sá inįhá ákde pa ną́) - they wore (a) black feather on the head too [JOD]

Dhegiha: a-gthe (á-g¢e) - place upright on [JOD-Omaha]; a-gthe (á-gthe) - to place on top of another in an upright position [FL-Osage]; a-le (ále), a-dle (ádle) - place an item upright on another item, set on [CQ-Osage]; a-le (ále) - stand a perpendicular object, such as a candlestick, on a surface [Kaw]

 

stick, adhere

a-da-ska (ádaska) - stick, adhere, as pitch, mud or snow

cf. a-da (áda) - glue on, glue feathers on an arrow

ex: aⁿ-da-ska (ą́daska) - it sticks to me

ex: naⁿ-pe ti aⁿ-da-ska (nąpé-tti ą́daska) - it sticks to my hands

ex: a-di-da-ska (ádidáska) - it sticks to you

ex: wa-da-ska-we (wádaskáwe) - it sticks to us

Dhegiha: a-tha-ska-be (áthaskabe) - to stick to, to adhere to, as mucilage, (said of one object) [Omaha/Ponca]; a-tha-ska-be-the (áthaskábethe) - to cause to adhere; to seal [Omaha/Ponca]; we-a-tha-ska-ba-the (weatha çka bathe) - paste; glue; adhesive tape [Omaha]

 

stick, branch, limb

zhaⁿ ka-xa (žą káxa) - branch of a tree

cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; ka-xa (káxa) - branch, branching as antlers or the tributaries of a river or branches of a tree

Dhegiha: zhoⁿ ga-xa (zhóⁿgaqá) - a branch when on the tree [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ ga-xa (zhoⁿgaxa) - tree branch, tree limb [Omaha]; zhoⁿ ga-xa (zhóⁿ-ga-xa) - the limb of a tree; branches, boughs [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ ka-xa (žą́ą káxa) - tree branch, limb, tree branching out [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ ga-xa (zhaⁿgaxá) - branch, limb of a tree [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ga-xa (gaqá) - a branch of a tree [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-xa (gaxa) - branch [Omaha]; ga-xa (ga-xa) - branch of a river, tree, or antlers [FL-Osage]; ka-xa (káxa) - creek, branch of a stream or brook; branch of a tree, limb [CQ-Osage]; ga-xa (gaxá) - creek, a gorge or ravine [Kaw]

 

stick, break a stick with the hands

di-xoⁿ (dixǫ́) - break, as a stick with the hands bdi-xoⁿ (bdíxǫ) - I, ti-xoⁿ (ttíxǫ) - you

cf. di (di) - cause by using the hands; general causative; xoⁿ (xǫ́) - break, broken, broke; bi-xoⁿ (bixǫ́) - break, crush; da-xoⁿ (daxǫ́) - break by biting; ka-xoⁿ (kaxǫ́) - break something by hitting it; a-ka-xoⁿ (ákaxǫ) - break something by striking another object; pa-xoⁿ (páxǫ) - cut apart, disjoint; po-xoⁿ (póxǫ) - shoot in two, break

Dhegiha: thi-xoⁿ (thiqóⁿ) - to break, as a stick, bone, petal, etc., with the hands, but not always entirely in two [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-xoⁿ (thixoⁿ) - fracture, break, broken [Omaha]; thi-xoⁿ (thi-xóⁿ) - to break a stick in half [FL-Osage]; thi-xoⁿ (ðiixǫ́) - break by hand, break into two parts, break off a long item by using the hands [CQ-Osage]; yu-xoⁿ (yuxóⁿ) - break or crack something by pulling or bending, but not necessarily in two [Kaw]

 

stick, club

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ (į́tʰį) - stick, club [JOD]]

cf. i-tʰiⁿ (itʰį́) - hit, strike with something

ex: ma-ze iⁿ-tʰiⁿ (máze į́tʰį) - sword, lit. “iron striker”

ex: iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-a-de (į́tʰį deáde) - I threw the stick/club [JOD]

ex: wa-x’o kʰe ni-ka tʰaⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de i-ke (waxʔó kʰe níkka tʰą į́tʰį déde iké) - the woman told the man to throw the stick/club away/off [JOD]

ex: “e-ti shi-naⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ ka-ki de-da,” aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye (“étti šiną́ į́tʰį káki dedá,” ąną́kiye) - “throw the club/stick there again!” she said to me [JOD]

ex: “e-ti mi o-ti-naⁿ-be-ta-de-de iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-da!” i-ke (“étti mi ottinąbettadede į́tʰį dedá!” iké) - she told him, “throw the club/stick there, towards the sunrise!” [JOD]

ex: iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de naⁿ ni-ti chʰo-kʰe hi niⁿ (į́tʰį dedé ną nítti čʰokʰé hi nį) - when he threw the stick/club in the water, it made the sound “chʰo” [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de naⁿ ka-xo-wa-de i-naⁿ, i-ya-we (kóišǫ́ttą į́tʰį déde ną kaxówade iną́, iyáwe) - then he threw the club/stick, when it alighted suddenly making the sound “po” from hitting the ground, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: i-tʰiⁿ (í-tʰiⁿ) - to hit an object with something the name of which precedes the verb [JOD-Omaha]; i-tsiⁿ (í-tsiⁿ) - club, hatchet [FL-Osge]; i-tsʰiⁿ (iicʰį́) - hit with, strike with [CQ-Osage]; i-chiⁿ (íchiⁿ) - strike with something [Kaw]

 

stick, drumstick

de-xo-di-ki o-tʰiⁿ (deɣodíkki otʰį́) - drumstick [MS]

de-xo-di-tʰiⁿ o-tʰiⁿ (dexoditʰį otʰį) - drum, beat drum, strike [JOD]

cf. de-xe (déγe) - pot, kettle; o-di-tʰiⁿ (oditʰį) - to strike, hit by hand; o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́) - strike, slap, hit

Dhegiha: the-xi-ga-ku we-tʰiⁿ (thexigakú wétʰiⁿ), ne-xi-ga-ku we-tʰiⁿ (nexigakú wétʰiⁿ) - a drum-stick, drum-sticks [Omaha/Ponca]

Dhegiha: the-xi-ga-ku (théxigakú) - drum [Omaha/Ponca]

Dhegiha: ʰtse-xe-ni (ṭsé-xe-ni) - tomtom, drum [FL-Osage]; tse-xe-ni (céɣenii) - drum [CQ-Osage]; je-ghe-yiⁿ (jégheyiⁿ), je-ghe iⁿ (jeghe iⁿ) - drum, the Kansa use two kinds, the zhaⁿ je-ghe yiⁿ (zháⁿjegheyiⁿ) and the je-ghe-yiⁿ da-zhe (jégheyiⁿ dázhe) or round drum, which is flatter and lighter than the other [Kaw]

 

stick, something to stick food

wa-naⁿ-bdi-ba-xto (waną́bdibaxto) - fork, lit. “something to stick food” [JOD]

wa-naⁿ-bdi-ba-xto (waną́bdibaxto) - fork [MS]

wa-naⁿ-bde i-ba-xto (waną́bde íbaxto) - fork, a table fork

wa-naⁿ-bde i-ba-xto (waną́bde íbaxto) - fork [OM]

cf. wa-naⁿ-bde (waną́bde) - eat a meal, dine; ba-xdo (baxdó), ba-xto (baxtó) - pierce, stab, perforate; pa ba-xto (ppá baxtó) - nose perforation for ring; naⁿ-ta ba-xto (nąttá baxtó) - perforations for earrings; wa-sa i-ba-xdo-xdo (wasá íbaxdoxdó) - small pieces of black bear meat roasted on sticks or spits [JOD]; i-ba-xdo (íbaxdo) - stuck in him [JOD]; i-ki-pa-xdo (íkkippaxdó) - stick oneself, prick; ki-ne-ba-xdo (kinébaxdó) - cactus [MS]; ho we-ba-xto (ho wébaxto) - fish spear; ma-ze we-ba-xto (máze wébaxto) - spear, war spear; o-po-xdo (opóxdo), o-po-kto (opókto) - shoot through something

Dhegiha: ba-xthu (baxthu) - pierce [Omaha]; ba-xtho-ge (ba-xthó-ge) - to pierce, perforate, punch, make a hole in a piece of leather [FL-Osage]; ba-xlo-ge (baxlóge) - pierce, impale, hold with a fork [Kaw]

 

stick, switch

zhoⁿ zhi-ka (žǫ́ žika) - stick, switch

cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young

Dhegiha: zhoⁿ zhiⁿ-ga (zhóⁿ zhiⁿga) - a switch, twig, rod, or splinter [Omaha/Ponca]; zhaⁿ zhiⁿ-ga (jáⁿjiñga) - stick [JOD-Omaha]; zhaⁿ zhiⁿ (žą́ąžį) - small branches, small limbs or twigs (of a tree or bush); splinters [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ zhiⁿ-ga (zhaⁿ zhíⁿga) - limb, branch [Kaw]

 

stick, walking stick

i-sa-kde (ísakdé) - cane, walking stick, crutch

i-sa-kde (ísakdé) - cane [MS]

Dhegiha: i-sa-gthe (ísagthe) - forked stick, like those used for hanging kettles over a fire [Omaha/Ponca]; i-sa-gthe (í-ça-gthe) - a post planted in the ground, a cane or walking stick [FL-Osage]; i-sa (íisa) - cane, walking stick, crutch [CQ-Osage]; i-sa-le (ísale) - cane, crutch [Kaw]

 

sticks, crackling sound of sticks

ka-ta-ze (kattáze) - crackling sound of sticks a-ta-ze (áttaze) - I, da-ta-ze (dáttaze) - you

cf. ka (ka) - by striking, by action of the wind or water; bi-ta-ze (bittáze) - crackle when squeezed; da-ta-ze (dattáze) - crackling sound by biting; di-ta-ze (dittáze) - crackling sound, snapping; naⁿ-ta-ze (nąttáze) - crack, make noise by stepping; ta-ta-ze (tattáze) - crackle while burning

Dhegiha: ga-da-da-ze (gadádaze) - to make the sound heard in hitting small and thin pieces of metal with an ax, hatchet, hammer, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]

 

sticks, small pieces of meat roasted on sticks or spits

wa-sa i-ba-xdo-xdo (wasá íbaxdoxdó) - small pieces of black bear meat roasted on sticks or spits [JOD]

cf. wa-sa (wasá) - black bear; ba-xdo (baxdó), ba-xto (baxtó) - pierce, stab, perforate; i-ba-xdo (íbaxdo) - stuck in him [JOD]; wa-naⁿ-bde i-ba-xto (waną́bde íbaxto) - fork, a table fork, lit. “something to stick food with”; naⁿ-ta ba-xto (nąttá baxtó) - perforations for earrings; pa ba-xto (ppá baxtó) - nose perforation for ring; ke-naⁿ-ba-xdo (keną́baxdó), ki-ne-ba-xdo (kinébaxdó) - cactus plant; ho we-ba-xto (ho wébaxto) - fish spear; ma-ze we-ba-xto (máze wébaxto) - spear, war spear

ex: wa-sa i-ba-xto-xto we-kdi o-do-bi-tʰaⁿ (wasá íbaxtoxtó wékdi odóbitʰaⁿ) - small pieces of black bear meat roasted on sticks with the fat around it [JOD]

Dhegiha: ba-xthu (ba-q¢ú) - to punch a hole in meat, put on both sides of a horse, to be carried, fastening an end of a cord to each hole; to pierce; to punch holes in moccasins [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xthu (baxthu) - pierce [Omaha]; ba-xtho-ge (ba-xthó-ge) - to pierce, perforate, punch, make a hole in a piece of leather [FL-Osage]; ba-xlo-ge (baxlóge) - pierce, impale, hold with a fork [Kaw]

 

sticky, make sticky from handling

di-xdi-xdi-we (dixdíxdiwe) - make sticky from handling bdi-xdi-xdi-we (bdíxdixdiwe) - I, ti-xdi-xdi-we (ttíxdixdiwe) - you

cf. i-di-xdi-we (ídixdíwe) - mix, mess with, make gooey; di-xdi-we (dixdíwe) - dip hand into something; ma-xti-xti-we (máxtixtíwe) - mud, shallow

 

sticky, mix sticky substance with hands

di-ske (diské) - mix sticky substance with hands bdi-ske (bdíske) - I, ti-ske (ttíske) - you

 

still, motionless

shkoⁿ-zhi (škǫ́ži) - motionless [JOD]

cf. shkoⁿ (škǫ) - move; zhi (ži) - negative, negation, not

ex: shkoⁿ-zhi hi a-zhaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (škǫ́ži hi ažą́ mįkʰé) - motionless/very/I lay/I who [JOD]

ex: tʰi naⁿ t’e paⁿ-ze shkoⁿ-zhi hi a-zhaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (tʰi ną tʔe ppą́ze škǫ́ži hi ažą́ mįkʰé) - when he arrived, I pretended to be dead, I lay there motionless [JOD]

Dhegiha: shkoⁿ-zhi (shkóⁿzhi) - motionless, to be motionless [Omaha/Ponca]; shkoⁿ-a-zhi (shkóⁿazhi) - motionless, still, rest, move [Omaha/Ponca]; shkoⁿ-a-zhi (shkoⁿ-á-zhi) - not active, inactive [FL-Osage]; shkaⁿ-zhi (šką́ži), shkaⁿ-a-zhi (šką́aži) - still, lit., “not move,” quiet, quietly (as not in movement), unable to move or start (as a motor vehicle [CQ-Osage]; shkaⁿ-zhi (shkáⁿzhi) - be still, to not move [Kaw]

 

kaⁿ-zhi (kką́ži) - still, motionless

ex: kaⁿ-zhi da-kniⁿ te (kkąží daknį́ tte) - motionless/you sit/will [JOD]

ex: “kaⁿ-zhi da-kniⁿ te,” i-ke i-ya sni-wa-te (“kkąží daknį́ tte,” iké iyá sniwátte) - Winter said to him, “Will you sit still!” it is said [JOD]

 

kaⁿ-zhe-hi-ti (kkąžéhitti) - very motionless

kaⁿ-zhe-hi (kkąžéhi) - very motionless [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ-zhe-hi-ti kniⁿ-zhi (kkąžéhittí knį́ži iyá maštį́ke) - very motionless/when/he did not sit [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ-zhe-hi-ti kniⁿ-zhi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke (kkąžéhittí knį́ži iyá maštį́ke) - Rabbit could not sit still, it is said [JOD]

 

still, yet, and

shoⁿ (šǫ) - and, still, yet

i-shoⁿ (išǫ́) - yet, still

cf. shoⁿ (šǫ) - the end, enough

ex: shoⁿ niⁿ (šǫ-nį́) - still/the moving [JOD]

ex: zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ shoⁿ kniⁿ (žakká iną́ną šǫ knį́) - leaping at intervals/still/sat [JOD]

ex: ma-shtiⁿ-ke zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ shoⁿ kniⁿ naⁿ, i-ya (maštį́ke žakká iną́ną šǫ knį́ ną, i-ya) - Rabbit jumped about continually (jumping as rabbits do), it is said [JOD]

ex: shoⁿ (šǫ́) - and [JOD]

ex: shoⁿ wa-zhiⁿ-ka za-ni ho-taⁿ x’a-naⁿ-we, i-ya (šǫ́ wažį́ka zaní hóttą xʔáną-we, iyá) - and, in fact, all of the birds made a great noise by crying out, it is said [JOD]

ex: shoⁿ (šǫ́) - yet [JOD]

ex: ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe da-sniⁿ-zhi, shoⁿ wa-x’o niⁿ di-xe, i-ya-we (kóišǫ́ttą, ppahí-nįkʰé dasnį́ži, šǫ́ waxʔó nį dixé, iyáwe) - then, he did not swallow the head, he still chased the woman, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - still, yet; at all events, at any rate; and, so; thus [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ (šǫ́) - while, as, when; still; continually [CQ-Osage]; shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - by and by, after awhile, eventually [Kaw]

Dhegiha: shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - fit, proper; as it should be; enough; that will do [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - quit; stop; ready [Omaha]; shoⁿ (shóⁿ) - complete; perfect; it is done [FL-Osage]

 

stilts

zhaⁿ i-maⁿ-niⁿ (žą́ imą́nį) - stilts

cf. zhoⁿ (žǫ́), zhaⁿ (žą) wood, tree; i (i) - with which to; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

Dhegiha: zhoⁿ i-moⁿ-thiⁿ (zhóⁿ-i-moⁿ-thiⁿ) - stilts, “walk-with-wood” [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ i-maⁿ-yiⁿ (zháⁿ imàⁿyiⁿ) - stilts, “wood used to walk with”, the Kansa used to walk on stilts when they forded shallow streams [Kaw]

 

stingy

wa-te-de (wattéde) - stingy a-wa-te-de (awáttede) - I, da-wa-te-de (dawáttede) - you, oⁿ-wa-te-da-we (ǫwáttedawe) - we

cf. wa-te-da-zhi (wáttedáži) - generous, not stingy

Dhegiha: wa-te-the (wa-té-the) - he takes care of them; he usually takes good care of them; he usually takes care of them; he keeps something well [Omaha/Ponca]; te-the (téthe) - to esteem highly; to take care of; to be unwilling to part with [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stink

xwiⁿ (xwį), xo-wiⁿ (xowį́) - stink, emit offensive odor

xwiⁿ (xwį) - stink [MS]

ex: si xwiⁿ (si xwį) - stink feet [OM]

ex: ni xwiⁿ (ni xwį) - sulphur spring water [OM]

ex: xwiⁿ a-ta-ha (xwį́ attahá) - extremely offensive odor [JOD]

ex: o-di-bnaⁿ i-ya-we, “hoⁿ-hoⁿ, xwiⁿ hi,” i-yi (odíbną iyáwe, “hǫhǫ, xwį hí,” iyí) - he smelled (his fingers), they say, “oh my, that smells really bad/offensive,” he said [JOD]

ex: shaⁿ-i-te, xwiⁿ niⁿ-kʰe pa-a-shpe naⁿ oⁿ-bde, naⁿ ho-taⁿ te (šą́įtte, xwį́ nįkʰé páašpe ną ǫbdé, ną hóttą tte) - well, when I cut out the bad/offensive smelling part and I throw it away, then it will be good [JOD]

ex: “shaⁿ-i-te, xwiⁿ niⁿ-kʰe pa-shpe naⁿ oⁿ-de, naⁿ ho-taⁿ te,” i-yi (“šą́įtte, xwį nįkʰe pášpe ną ǫde, ną hóttą tte,” iyí) - well, when the bad/offensive smelling part is cut out and thrown away, then it will be good, he said [JOD]

Dhegiha: xwiⁿ (qwiⁿ), xuiⁿ (quíⁿ) - corrupt, putrid, rotten, offensive, stink, stinking, as carrion [Omaha/Ponca]; xuiⁿ (xuiⁿ) - stink, stench [Omaha]; xwiⁿ (xwiⁿ) - fetid, offensive smell [FL-Osage]; xoiⁿ (ɣoį́) - stink, stinky, fetid odor or offensive smell [CQ-Osage]

 

 

zaⁿ-ze (zą́ze) - offensive smell, strong smell

ex: to-si zaⁿ-ze (tosí zą́ze) - armpit odor

ex: zaⁿ-ze hi! (zązé hi!) - offensive odor/very [JOD]

ex: zaⁿ-ze hi! (zązé hi!) - you very malodorous one! [JOD]

Dhegiha: zaⁿ-ze (záⁿ-ze) - applicable to the strong odor of a negro, goat, buck, or that of a male of the black-tailed deer during the rutting season [JOD-Omaha]; zoⁿ-ze (zóⁿze) - musky, smelly [Omaha/Ponca]; zoⁿ-ze (zoⁿze) - stink [Omaha]; zaⁿ-zi (zą́zi) - sour odor, acrid smell (such as armpit odor or onion smell [CQ-Osage]

 

 

bdaⁿ shi-ke (bdą šíke), bnaⁿ shi-ke (bną šíke) - smell bad bdaⁿ aⁿ-shi-ke (bdą ą́šike) - I, bdaⁿ di-shi-ke (bdą dišíke) - you, bdaⁿ wa-shi-ka-we (bdą wášikáwe) - we

cf. bnaⁿ (bną), bdaⁿ (bdą) - smell, emit any odor; shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly; bdaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bdą hóttą), bnaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bną hóttą) - smell good

Dhegiha: bthoⁿ pi-a-zhi (bthoⁿ piazhi) - bad odor [Omaha]; bthoⁿ pi-zhi (bthóⁿ pi-zhi) - an offensive smell [FL-Osage]; braⁿ ʰpi-zhi (brą ʰpíiži) - it smells bad [CQ-Osage]; blaⁿ pi-zhi (blaⁿ pízhi) - smell bad, emit a bad odor [Kaw]

 

stir

i-ka-hi (íkahi) - stir

i-ka-hi (íkahi) - mixed with, to mix ingredients [JOD]

cf. ta-ni-ka-hi (taníkahi) - sumac, lit. “mix with tobacco”; o-do-ka-hi (odokáhi) - to stir, to stir up, to paddle; pa-si o-do-ka-hi (ppasí odokáhi) - spoonbill, paddlefish, fish with a hide like that of a catfish, no scales, found in Neosho River; di-i-ki-kda-hi (diíkkikdáhi) - mix with the hands; i-ki-kda-hi (íkkikdáhi) - mixed

te níte ciⁿ wataⁿze ahuⁿ d¢iciⁿ hunⁿpniñk͓e ik͓ahiqti) - buffalo/rump/fat/bread of corn mixed with beans [JOD]

Dhegiha: i-ga-hi (í-ga-hi) - to mix, stir up together, as pounded turnips and grease; to move back and forth, as a hoe in mixing morter; to mix or mingle, as two liquids sometimes do; mixed, together with; a mixing or mixture [JOD-Omaha]; i-ga-hi (ígahi) - blanch, mix [Omaha]; i-ga-hi (í-ga-hi) - the mixing of several ingredients [FL-Osage]; i-ga-hi (ígahi) - mix together, mixed with [Kaw]

 

o-do-ka-hi (odokáhi) - to stir, to stir up, to paddle

cf. ta-ni-ka-hi (taníkahi) - sumac, lit. “mix with tobacco”; ka-hi (kahí) - fan someone; i-ka-hi (íkahi) - mixed with, to mix ingredients [JOD]; i-ki-kda-hi (íkkikdáhi) - mixed; di-i-ki-kda-hi (diíkkikdáhi) - mix with the hands

ex: pa-si o-do-ka-hi (ppasí odokáhi) - spoonbill, paddlefish, “to stir up with the nose”, fish with a hide like that of a catfish, no scales, found in Neosho River

Dhegiha: u-thu-ga-hi (uthu gahi) - stir [Omaha]; moⁿ-de u-thu-ga-hi (moⁿde uthugahi) - oars [Omaha]; noⁿ-be u-thu-ga-hi (noⁿbe uthugahi) - wave at [Omaha]; siⁿ-de kʰe u-thu-ga-hi-hi (síⁿde kʰe uthúgahihí) - to switch the tail back and forth, to wag the tail [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thu-ga-hi (u-thú-ga-hi) - to paddle, to stir up what is cooking or boiling [FL-Osage]; o-tho-ka-hi (oðókahi) - stir [CQ-Osage]

 

stock of tens, 100

kde-bdaⁿ hi (kdébdą hí) - hundred, a stock of tens

kde-bnaⁿ hi (gĕdēhbŏnāh-hih) - 100 [GI]

kde-bnaⁿ hi (kûdebûnû-hi), (kŭ-de-bŭ-ni-hi) - 100 [LH]

kde-bnaⁿ hi (gdȁbena hí) - one hundred [ASG]

cf. kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg

Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

kde-bnaⁿ hi miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhí mį́xti) - hundred

kde-bnaⁿ hi miⁿ-xti (gdȁbena hí míxti) - one hundred [ASG]

cf. kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one

Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka (kdébdąhížiká) - hundred

cf. kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young

Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhížiká mį́xti) - hundred, one hundred

kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhížiká mį́xti) - one hundred [MS]

cf. kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one

Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

stock of tens, large stock of tens 1000

kde-bdaⁿ hi taⁿ-ka (kdébdą hi ttą́ka) - thousand, large stock of tens

kde-bnaⁿ hi taⁿ-ka (gĕdēhbŏnāh-hih-tonka) - 1000 [GI]

cf. kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large

Dhegiha: gthe-ba-hi-wiⁿ toⁿ-ga (gthébahíwiⁿ tóⁿga) - “the great hundred” one thousand [Omaha/Ponca]; le-blaⁿ hu taⁿ-ga (léblaⁿ hutaⁿga), kle-blaⁿ hu taⁿ-ga (kléblaⁿ hutáⁿga) - thousand [Kaw]; le-blaⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga tsu-sa (léblaⁿ huzhíⁿga cúsa) - thousand [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ku-ge wiⁿ (kuge wiⁿ) - one thousand dollars [Omaha]; zhoⁿ ʰku-ge (zhóⁿ-ḳu-ge) - trunk; thousand, derived from the fact that the government had a custom of paying the Indians in silver dollars which were packed in little wooden boxes, each of which held one thousand dollars [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ ʰko-ke (žą́ąʰkoke), zhaⁿ ʰko-e (žą́ąʰkoe) - box, coffer, trunk; thousand [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ ko-ge (zháⁿkoge) - box, trunk; coffin; thousand, lit. “wooden box”, allotment payments were in wooden boxes that contained $1,000 each [Kaw]; zhaⁿ ko-ge miⁿ-xtsi (zháⁿkoge míⁿxci) - thousand [Kaw]

 

stockings, hose

hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hinige sísike), (hî́nigesiske) - stockings (socks stretching) [ASG]

hi-niⁿ-ke zi-zi (hinį́ke zizí) - stockings [MS]

cf. hi-niⁿ-ke (hinį́ke), hi-ni-ke (hiníke) - leggings; zi-zi-ke (zízike) - stretching

Dhegiha: hiu-iⁿ-ge (hiú-iⁿ-ge) - leggings (man’s) [FL-Osage]; hu-iⁿ-ke (húuįke), hiⁿ-oⁿ-ke (hį́įǫke) - hosiery, stockings, socks, leggings [CQ-Osage]; hu-yoⁿ-ge (húyoⁿge), hu-yu-yiⁿ-ge (húyuyiⁿge) - leggings [Kaw]

Dhegiha: zi-zi-ge (zízige) - rubber, elastic, any rubber or elastic object [Omaha/Ponca]; zi-zi-ge (zí-zi-ge) - India-rubber, any elastic object [JOD-Omaha]; zi-zi-ge (çiçige) - springy [Omaha]; wa-zi-zi-e (wa-çí-çi-e) - rubber, thing elastic [FL-Osage]

 

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