English to Quapaw Dictionary

W

Waco Indian

► wi-ko (wíkko) - Waco Indian

wade, ford

► zho-he (žóhe) - ford, wade

► cf. a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - ford a stream

► Dhegiha: zhu-he (zhúhe) - to ford a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; zhu-he (zhú-he) - to ford or wade a stream [FL-Osage]; zhu-pshe (zhú-pshe) - to wade, as in the water [FL-Osage]; zho-pshe (žópše) - wade [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: ni zhu-he (ní zhuhe) - wade [Omaha]; ni zho-pshe (níi žópše) - to wade in the water [CQ-Osage]; ni zho-pʰe (ni zhóphe) - to ford, to wade in shallow water [Kaw]

► a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - ford a stream ► a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - I, a-da-ni-zho-he (ádanižóhe) - you, a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - he/she

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, river; zho-he (žohe) - ford, wade

► Dhegiha: ni zhu-he (ní zhuhe) - wade [Omaha]; ni zho-pshe (níi žópše) - to wade in the water [CQ-Osage]; ni zho-pʰe (ni zhóphe) - to ford, to wade in shallow water [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: zhu-he (zhúhe) - to ford a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; zhu-he (zhú-he) - to ford or wade a stream [FL-Osage]; zhu-pshe (zhú-pshe) - to wade, as in the water [FL-Osage]; zho-pshe (žópše) - wade [CQ-Osage]; zho-phe (zhóphe) -wade, ford [Kaw]

► di-te (ditté) - cross a stream ► bdi-te (bdítte) - I, ti-te (ttítte) - you, di-te (ditté) - he/she

► cf. ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - ford a stream; wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish’s name [MS, JOD]; a-ki-di-te (ákkiditte) - crossing each other; a-ki-di-te-te (ákkidittétte) - crisscrossed, interlaced, as boughs, vines, etc.; o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ki-di-te (ožǫ́ke ákkiditte) - crossroads

► Dhegiha: thi-te (thité) - to cross, as a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ni-thi-te (ní-¢i-t͓é) - to ford a stream [JOD-Omaha]; ni u-thi-ʰtse (ni-ú-thi-ṭse) - to cross a ford [FL-Osage]

► ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - ford a stream ► ni bdi-te bde (ni bdítte bdé) - I, ni ti-te te (ni ttítte tté) - you, ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - he/she

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, river; di-te (ditté) - cross a stream; de (de) - go; wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish’s name [MS, JOD]; a-ki-di-te (ákkiditte) - crossing each other; a-ki-di-te-te (ákkidittétte) - crisscrossed, interlaced, as boughs, vines, etc.; o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ki-di-te (ožǫ́ke ákkiditte) - crossroads

► Dhegiha: ni-thi-te the (ní-¢i-t͓é ¢e) - to ford a stream [JOD-Omaha]; ni u-thi-ʰtse (ni-ú-thi-ṭse) - to cross a ford [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: thi-te (thité) - to cross, as a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

► wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish’s name [MS]

► wa-di-te (wad^¢ítĕ) - masculine name, Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish [JOD]

► cf. di-te (ditté) - cross a stream

► Dhegiha: ni-wa-thi-te (ni-wá-¢i-t͓é) - to cross a stream in a canoe, and carry others across; to ferry others over a stream [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: thi-te (thité) - to cross, as a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

wader, aquatic wader

► ni-taⁿ i-ki-he (nittą́ ikihé) - aquatic wader, loon, snipe, etc.; generic term for aquatic birds

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, river; i-ki-he (ikihé) - always, incessantly; ni-taⁿ i-ki-he taⁿ-ka (nittą́ ikihé ttą́ka) - snipe, “jack snipe”; ni-taⁿ i-ki-he zhi-ka (nittą́ ikihé žiká) - sandpiper, plover

► Dhegiha: i-gi-ha (í-gi-ha) - always, ever, often, frequent, incessant [FL-Osage]; i-ki-ha (íkiha) - always, repeatedly [CQ-Osage]; i-gi-ha (ígiha) - always, ever, without stopping [Kaw]

wagon

► zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da (žą́dittą́da) - wagon

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; o-di-taⁿ-da (odíttąda) - turn something, pull around; o-di-taⁿ-taⁿ-da (odíttąttą́da) - roll something over and over; o-bi-taⁿ-da (obíttąttą́da) - roll something repeatedly in something; o-ka-toⁿ-ta (okáttǫta) - wheel

► ex: zhoⁿ di-taⁿ-da so-te (žǫ́ dittą́da sotté) - train, “wagon go fast” [MS]

► ex: pe-te zhoⁿ-di-taⁿ-da ti (ppétte žǫ́dittą́da ttí) - train, lit. “fire wagon house”

► ex: pe-te zhoⁿ di-taⁿ-da so-te (pétte žǫ́ ditądá sotté) - railroad engine [JOD]

► ex: pe-te zhoⁿ-di-taⁿ-da (ppétte žǫ́dittą́da) - locomotive, lit. “fire wagon”

► ex: pe-te zhoⁿ-di-taⁿ-da o-zhoⁿ-ke (ppétte žǫ́dittą́da ožǫke) - railway lit. “fire wagon road”

► Dhegiha: thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (thi-ṭóⁿ-tha) - to roll [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: u-thi-toⁿ-tha (uthítoⁿtha) - to raise a heavy log or hogshead by pulling at a chain, which unrolls as the log, etc., ascends [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (u-thí-ṭoⁿ-tha) - anything propelled by rolling: a wagon, buggy; a carriage; anything that is controlled [FL-Osage]; o-thi-ʰtaⁿ (oðíʰtą) - car, wagon, describes a rolling motion [CQ-Osage]; o-yu-taⁿ-ya (oyútaⁿya) - wagon, cart [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: utoⁿtha (utoⁿtha) - to roll, as a sick person does [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ʰtoⁿ-tha (ṭoⁿ-tha) - rolling, to roll or make run [FL-Osage]; ʰtaⁿ-tha (ʰtą́ąða) - roll, rolling [CQ-Osage]

► zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka (žą́dittą́dá žiká) - carriage, “small wagon”

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; o-di-taⁿ-da (odíttąda) - turn something, pull around; zhi-ka (žíka), zhiⁿ-ka (žį́ka) - small, little; young

► ex: zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ (žą́dittą́dá žiká oknį́ áttą) - wagon/small/sat in/and [JOD-Cinderella]

► ex: ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-shoⁿ zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ a-niⁿ kda-wi (kóišǫ́ttą ešǫ́ žą́dittą́dá žiká oknį́ áttą anį́ kdáwi) - and then, they took her to their home, riding in a carriage [JOD-Cinderella]

► ex: zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ tʰi-we (žą́dittą́da žiká óknį áttą tʰíwe) - wagon/small/sat in/and/they came [JOD-Cinderella]

► ex: ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti a-ka-sa-ni taⁿ e-ti hoⁿ-pe ki-di-shto-ta-i niⁿ-kʰe-ta hoⁿ-pe niⁿ-kʰe a-niⁿ a-tʰaⁿ zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ tʰi-we (kóišǫ́ttą étti ákasáni tą étti hǫpé kidíštottá-i nįkʰétta hǫpé nįkʰe ánį átʰą žą́dittą́da žiká óknį áttą tʰíwe) - then, the next morning, they (the delegation) arrived there (to the orphan’s home) riding in a carriage with her shoe, the shoe that they had removed from her [JOD-Cinderella]

► Dhegiha: thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (thi-ṭóⁿ-tha) - to roll [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: u-thi-toⁿ-tha (uthítoⁿtha) - to raise a heavy log or hogshead by pulling at a chain, which unrolls as the log, etc., ascends [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (u-thí-ṭoⁿ-tha) - anything propelled by rolling: a wagon, buggy; a carriage; anything that is controlled [FL-Osage]; o-thi-ʰtaⁿ (oðíʰtą) - car, wagon, describes a rolling motion [CQ-Osage]; o-yu-taⁿ-ya (oyútaⁿya) - wagon, cart [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: utoⁿtha (utoⁿtha) - to roll, as a sick person does [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ʰtoⁿ-tha (ṭoⁿ-tha) - rolling, to roll or make run [FL-Osage]; ʰtaⁿ-tha (ʰtą́ąða) - roll, rolling [CQ-Osage]

► zhaⁿ o-di-taⁿ-da (žą ódittą́da) - wagon, cart

► zhoⁿ o-di-taⁿ-da (jon-udit-tontah) - cart (char[r]ette) [GI]

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; o-di-taⁿ-da (odíttąda) - turn something, pull around

► Dhegiha: u-thi-toⁿ-tha (uthítoⁿtha) - to raise a heavy log or hogshead by pulling at a chain, which unrolls as the log, etc., ascends [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (u-thí-ṭoⁿ-tha) - anything propelled by rolling: a wagon, buggy; a carriage; anything that is controlled [FL-Osage]; o-thi-ʰtaⁿ (oðíʰtą) - car, wagon, describes a rolling motion [CQ-Osage]; o-yu-taⁿ-ya (oyútaⁿya) - wagon, cart [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (thi-ṭóⁿ-tha) - to roll [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: utoⁿtha (utoⁿtha) - to roll, as a sick person does [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ʰtoⁿ-tha (ṭoⁿ-tha) - rolling, to roll or make run [FL-Osage]; ʰtaⁿ-tha (ʰtą́ąða) - roll, rolling [CQ-Osage]

► zhoⁿ o-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka (žą ódittą́da žíka) - carriage

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; o-di-taⁿ-da (odíttąda) - turn something, pull around; zhi-ka (žíka), zhiⁿ-ka (žį́ka) - small, little; young

► Dhegiha: u-thi-toⁿ-tha (uthítoⁿtha) - to raise a heavy log or hogshead by pulling at a chain, which unrolls as the log, etc., ascends [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (u-thí-ṭoⁿ-tha) - anything propelled by rolling: a wagon, buggy; a carriage; anything that is controlled [FL-Osage]; o-thi-ʰtaⁿ (oðíʰtą) - car, wagon, describes a rolling motion [CQ-Osage]; o-yu-taⁿ-ya (oyútaⁿya) - wagon, cart [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-ʰtoⁿ-tha (thi-ṭóⁿ-tha) - to roll [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: utoⁿtha (utoⁿtha) - to roll, as a sick person does [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ʰtoⁿ-tha (ṭoⁿ-tha) - rolling, to roll or make run [FL-Osage]; ʰtaⁿ-tha (ʰtą́ąða) - roll, rolling [CQ-Osage]

wagon grease

► zha o-di-taⁿ-da i-sta-de (žą ódittą́da ístadé) - wagon grease

► cf. zhaⁿ o-di-taⁿ-da (žą ódittą́da) - wagon, cart; i-sta-de (ístade) - grease with; sta-de (stáde) - grease

► Dhegiha: i-zna-the (íznathe) - to grease an object with [Omaha/Ponca]; i-sda-the (í-çda-the) - grease for the hair [FL-Osage]; i-sta-ye (ístaye) - grease an object with something [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: zna-the (znáthe) - to grease; to rub grease on, to lubricate [Omaha/Ponca]; zna-de (çnade) - lubricate [Omaha]; sna-the (çná-the) - to grease a wagon or oil machinery; grease paint; to heal the wound of a child by using ointment made from buffalo grease [FL-Osage]; sta-the (stáðe) - apply a substance (such as ointment, grease, or cream), smear on, anoint, apply as salve or medicine to a wound (lit., ‘cause to be smooth’); paint (e.g., a house or a small object of any kind); paint; cream, paint, grease, ointment (for applying to a surface to make it smooth) [CQ-Osage]; sta-ye (stáye) - grease something [Kaw]

wahoo bush

► zhi-we taⁿ-ka hi (žíwe ttą́ka hi) - wahoo bush, burning bush, Euonymus atropurpureus

► Dhegiha: wa-naⁿ-ha-i-moⁿ-thiⁿ (wanaⁿha-i-moⁿthiⁿ), Euonymus atropurpurea, burning bush, “ghost walking-stick” (Omaha/Ponca); ni-ni-ba zhoⁿ (ni-ní-ba zhoⁿ) - pipestem wood; Wahoo bush, commonly known as Burning Bush, Euonymus atropurpurwa [FL-Osage]

waist length breast

► ma-ze ste-te (mazé stetté) - giant woman, hair to waist, waist length breast carried over her shoulders for suckling stolen children

► cf. ma-ze (mazé) - breast; ste-te (stétte) - tall, long; ma-ze zhi-ka (mazé žíka) - little breasts [MS]

► Dhegiha: ma-ze (mazé) - breast, udder [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-ze (moⁿ-çé) - woman’s breast [FL-Osage]; ba-ze (ba-çé) - a woman’s breast, udder [FL-Osage]; pa-ze (paazé) - breast, udder [CQ-Osage]; ba-ze (bazé) - breast [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: zne-de (znéde) - long [Omaha/Ponca]; zne-de (çnedé) - long [Omaha]; zne-de (s͓ne-de) - long [JOD-Omaha]; stse-dse (stse-dse), ste-ʰtse (ste-ṭse), ste-e (ste-e), stse-e (stse-e) - long or tall; long as to length [FL-Osage]; stse-tse (scéce) - tall, long [CQ-Osage]; stse-je (scéje) - long, tall [Kaw]

waist, naked or stripped to the waist

► to-ka-ni (tokkáni), do-ka-niⁿ (dokkánį) - naked to the waist; stripped to the waist; naked, nude, bare (with clothing) ► aⁿ-to-ka-ni (ątókkani) - I, di-to-ka-ni (ditókkani) - you

► ex: i-ti-knaⁿ naⁿ-hi i-ti-knaⁿ pa naⁿ ni-ka naⁿ-haⁿ ke, do-ka-ni hi pa naⁿ (ittíkną ną́hi ittíkną ppá ną níkka nąhą́ ke, dokkáni hi ppá ną) - the grown men wore only breechcloth, they were naked from the waist up (they wore no shirts) [JOD-Stafford Rem. 1]

► ex: pa-hi do-ka-niⁿ (ppahí dokkánį) - to be bareheaded

► ex: si do-ka-niⁿ (si dókkanį́) - to be barefoot

► ex: to-ka-ni o-zha (tokkáni óža) - war dance, “no shirt dance” [MS]

► ex: zho do-ka-niⁿ hi (žó dokkánį hí) - naked, nude

► Dhegiha: nu-ka-thiⁿ (nukáthiⁿ) - to be stripped or bare to the waist, without robe, shirt, or blanket, but having on his breech-cloth and leggings [Omaha/Ponca]; tho-ʰka-thiⁿ (tho-ḳá-thiⁿ), thu-ʰka-thiⁿ (thú-ḳa-thiⁿ), nu-ʰka-thiⁿ (nu-ḳa-thiⁿ) - stripped to the waist; nude, naked [FL-Osage]; yo-ka-yiⁿ (yokáyiⁿ) - naked, stripped to the waist [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ha thu-ka-thiⁿ-i (há¢uká¢iⁿi) - naked [JOD-Omaha]; ha thu-ga-thiⁿ (ha thúgathiⁿ) - naked, nude, bare [Omaha]

waist, turn down the waist of one’s skirt

► wa-tʰe kdi-da-ki (watʰé kdídakki) - turn down the waist of one’s skirt

► ex: wa-tʰe kdi-da-ki (watʰé kdídakki) - skirt/she turned down the waist of her [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: a-shi-ti he-saⁿ o-ki-te wa-tʰe kdi-da-ki aⁿ-tʰaⁿ he-saⁿ t’e-wa-de koⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (ášitti hesą́ okítté watʰé kdídakki ą́tʰą hesą́ tʔéwade kǫ́-nįkʰé) - she (grandmother) sat awhile outside, she turned down the waist of her skirt, looking for lice on herself, killing them [JOD-Red Hair]

wait

► na-zhiⁿ e (nažį́-é), naⁿ-zhiⁿ e (ną́žį-é) - wait!

► cf. na-zhiⁿ (nažį́), naⁿ-zhiⁿ (ną́žį) - stand

► ex: she ni-she! naⁿ-zhiⁿ e! (šé níše! ną́žį-é!) - you moving there! wait! [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► Dhegiha: ga-toⁿ she-noⁿ-zhiⁿ o (ga-toⁿ shé-noⁿ-zhiⁿ o) - wait a while, stand there [FL-Osage]; she naⁿ-zhiⁿ (šée nąąžį́) - wait, stay there, “there near you stand” [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: na-zhiⁿ (nazhíⁿ) - stand, continue [Omaha/Ponca]; na-zhiⁿ (na-jíⁿ) - to stand; to continue doing any thing [JOD-Omaha]; noⁿ-zhiⁿ (noⁿzhiⁿ) - get up, arise, standing, rise up [Omaha]; noⁿ-zhiⁿ (noⁿ-zhiⁿ) - to rise or stand; stood [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-zhiⁿ (nąąžį́) - stand, be standing; stand up, get up; terminate ongoing activity preparatory to departing; stop, cause to stop, halt, detain someone who is passing by [CQ-Osage]; na-zhiⁿ (nazhíⁿ), naⁿ-zhiⁿ (naⁿzhíⁿ) - stand, stand up [Kaw]

wait for someone not in sight

► i-da-pe (idáppe) - wait for someone or something not in sight ► i-bda-pe (ibdáppe) - I, i-ta-pe (ittáppe) - you, i-da-pe (idáppe) - he/she, i-da-pa-we (idáppawe), i-da-pa-wi (idáppawi) - they, aⁿ-naⁿ-da-pa-we (ąną́dappawé) - we

► cf. i-kda-pe (ikdáppe) - wait for one’s own

► ex: ma-zhaⁿ miⁿ te-to-ka to-wa a-pa hi-wi naⁿ i-da-pa-we (mažą́ mį́ ttetóka tówa apá híwi-ną idáppawe) - when the four buffalo bulls reached a particular piece of land, they waited for him [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: tʰi-zhi hi de! aⁿ-naⁿ-da-pa-we! (tʰíži hí de! ąną́dappawé!) - he has not come here at all! we wait for him! [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: i-da-pa-wi ti ti-aⁿ hi hi-zhi naⁿ (idáppawi-ttí ttią́ hi híži ną) - they waited for him a very long time, he did not arrive [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: e-shoⁿ e-ti hoⁿ tʰe i-da-pe zhoⁿ kʰe naⁿ i-a ma-shtiⁿ-ke (ešǫ́ ettí hǫ́ tʰe idáppe žǫ kʰé ną ia maštį́ke) - and so, the Rabbit laid there, waiting for night to come, it is said (they say) [JOD-Rabbit caught Sun]

► ex: i-da-a-pe (idáappe) - waiting for

► ex: wa-naⁿ-bde i-da-a-pe i-bnaⁿ (waną́bde idáappe ibną́) - he is tired of waiting for food

► Dhegiha: i-tha-pʰe (ithápʰe) - to wait for on not yet in sight [Omaha/Ponca]; i-tha-pe (ithape) - wait [Omaha]; i-tha-ʰpe (i-thá-p̣e) - to wait for someone [FL-Osage]; i-tha-ʰpe (iðáʰpe) - wait, wait for [CQ-Osage]; i-ya-pa (iyapa) - wait [Kaw]

► i-kda-pe (ikdáppe) - wait for one’s own ► i-da-kda-pe (ídákdappe) - I, i-da-kda-pe (ídakdappe) - you, i-kda-pe (ikdáppe) - he/she, aⁿ-naⁿ-kda-pa-we (ąną́kdappáwe) - we

► cf. i-da-pe (idáppe) - wait for someone or something not in sight

► ex: i-wi-kda-pe (íwikdáppe) - I wait for you

► ex: aⁿ-naⁿ-da-kda-pe (ąną́dakdáppe) - you wait for me

wait, in a while

► e-koⁿ-te (ékǫtté) - wait, in a while, presently

► cf. e-koⁿ te (ekǫ́ tte) - so shall it be, it will be like that, so it will be

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tʰe (gáⁿte), (gáⁿ-tĕ) - for a while; a long while; awhile, for some time [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: hoⁿ e-goⁿ-tʰe (hóⁿ egóⁿtʰe) - “a while after night;” morning [Omaha/Ponca]

► e-koⁿ-te-he (ékǫttehé) - wait, in a while, presently

► ex: e-koⁿ-te-he, wi-zhiⁿ-de, hoⁿ-pe o-a-ki-tʰoⁿ miⁿ-kʰe, i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke (ékǫttehé, wižį́de, hǫpé oákitʰǫ mįkʰé, iyí iyá maštį́ke) - wait, my elder brother, I am putting on my moccasins, it is said Rabbit said [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tʰe (gáⁿte), (gáⁿ-tĕ) - for a while; a long while; awhile, for some time [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: hoⁿ e-goⁿ-tʰe (hóⁿ egóⁿtʰe) - “a while after night;” morning [Omaha/Ponca]

► e-koⁿ-te zhi-ka (ekǫ́tte žiká) - in a little while, presently

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tʰe zhiⁿ-ka (gáⁿte-jiñ́ga) - a little while; in or for a little while, for a short time [JOD-Omaha]

wake, awaken

► di-xi (dixí) - awaken, arouse ► bdi-xi (bdíxi) - I, ti-xi (ttíxi) - you, di-xi (dixí) - he/she

► cf. di-xi-xi (dixíxi) - awaken, arouse by shaking

► Dhegiha: thi-xi (thiqí) - to rouse or awaken one by pinching, pulling, shaking, or taking hold [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-xi (thíxi) - arouse from sleep [Omaha]; thi-xi (thi-xí) - to arouse one from sleep, to awaken [FL-Osage]; thi-xi (ðixí) - wake [CQ-Osage]; yu-xi (yuxí) - wake or arouse by pulling, pinching, or shaking [Kaw]

► di-xi-xi (dixíxi) - awaken, arouse by shaking ► bdi-xi-xi (bdíxixi) - I, ti-xi-xi (ttíxixi) - you, di-xi-xi (dixíxi) - he/she

► cf. di-xi (dixí) - awaken, arouse

► Dhegiha: thi-xi (thiqí) - to rouse or awaken one by pinching, pulling, shaking, or taking hold [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-xi (thíxi) - arouse from sleep [Omaha]; thi-xi (thi-xí) - to arouse one from sleep, to awaken [FL-Osage]; thi-xi (ðixí) - wake [CQ-Osage]; yu-xi (yuxí) - wake or arouse by pulling, pinching, or shaking [Kaw]

► ba-xi (baxí) - push off balance, shove, nudge; to awaken one by pushing ► pa-xi (ppáxi) - I, shpa-xi (špáxi) - you, ba-xi (baxí) - he/she, aⁿ-ba-xi (ąbaxí) - we, I and one other, aⁿ-ba-xi-we (ąbáxiwe) - we

► Dhegiha: ba-xi (baqí) - to awaken one by pushing him; to contend or oppose: said of the contending parties (not fighting) [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-xi (ba-xí) - to arouse one from sleep by pushing [FL-Osage]; pa-xi (paaɣí) - push to awaken or make active, activate by pushing on [CQ-Osage]

walk

► maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk, move; exist, act or live a certain way ► a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (amą́bdį) - I, da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (damą́ttį) - you, maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - he/she, aⁿ-maⁿ-niⁿ (ąmą́nį) - we, I and one other, aⁿ-maⁿ-niⁿ-we (ąmą́nįwe) - we

► maⁿ-niⁿ (mo-nih) - walk, go (marcher) [GI]

► ex: a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ a-ni-he (amą́bdį anihé) - I am walking [ASG]

► ex: da-maⁿ-tiⁿ pa-she-ti e-koⁿ hi a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ koⁿ ni-he koⁿ-bda (damą́ttį páše-ttí ekǫ́ hi amą́bdį kǫ́ nihé kkǫbdá) - I want to live just as you’all are living [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: hoⁿ wi-zhiⁿ-de e-koⁿ hi a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ ni-he koⁿ-bda (hǫ wížįdé ékǫ hí amą́bdį nihe kkǫbdá) - yes, my elder brother, I want to live just like that! [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe (wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe) - I get or take it for you/I walk/the [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: shi-naⁿ wa-zhiⁿ-ka t’e-da-de naⁿ-haⁿ wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe a-shi-aⁿ-he a-ni-he, i-ke i-ya-we (šiną́ wažį́ka tʔédade nąhą́ wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe ášiǫ́he anihé, iké iyáwe) - I’ll walk behind, if you kill a bird again, I’ll get it for you, he (rabbit) said to him (Haⁿ-ka’s son), iké iyáwe, he (rabbit) said to him (Haⁿ-ka’s son), they say [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: da-maⁿ-tiⁿ ni-she (damą́ttį nišé) - you walk/you who move [JOD-Rabbit killed Winter]

► ex: haⁿ-e hi da-maⁿ-tiⁿ ni-she? (hą́e hi damą́ttį nišé?) - on what very important business are you traveling? [JOD-Rabbit killed Winter]

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ (mą́nį nį́) - she walked/the moving object [JOD]

► ex: ki-ba-hi a-taⁿ wa-ba-tʰe o-zhi-ha niⁿ-kʰe o-ki-zhi maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ, i-ya (kibáhi attą́ wabátʰe óžiha nįkʰé okíži mą́nį nį́) - she walked around picking up the pieces, filling her sewing bag [JOD-Rabbit and Black Bear]

► ex: e-ti a-shi naⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ naⁿ (etti áši-ną mąnį́ nį ną) - then, he continued to fall behind as he walked along [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: de tʰe-ti haⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi shoⁿ-taⁿ-ka xo-te zhi-ka miⁿ ta-taⁿ o-te niⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ naⁿ (de tʰétti hą́tʰąhi šǫttą́ka xótte žíka mį táttą otté nį mąnį́ nį ną) - as the coyote (which had been transformed into a young buffalo bull) was going along, it just so happened that a coyote was walking along looking for something [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: a-ka-zhi-kde aⁿ-maⁿ-niⁿ ta [ta-i] (ákažikdé ąmą́nį tta [ttaí]) - let us walk slowly

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ (mą́nį) - he walked [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: shoⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ a-taⁿ (šǫ mą́nį áttą) - and while/still he was walking about [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ bde ta miⁿ-kʰe (mąnį́ bdé tta mįkʰé) - I’m walking (I’m going to go walking, I will be walking) [MS]

► ex: aⁿ-ti-zho-zhi i-na-e hi! e-ki-zhi maⁿ-niⁿ! (ą́ttižóži ínae hí! ekíži mąnį́!) - you have truly done me a great wrong! go away! [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ kdi-za (mąnį́ kdizá) - go get it! (command form) [MS]

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ so-te hi (mąnį́ sotté hi) - walk fast [MS]

► ex: zhaⁿ i-maⁿ-niⁿ (žą́ imą́nį) - stilts, “to walk with wood”

► ex: o-di-shaⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ (odíšą mąnį́) - stay close by, “walk around circling”

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-thiⁿ (moⁿthíⁿ) - to walk; used also to express continued action [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-thiⁿ (moⁿ-thiⁿ), moⁿ-iⁿ (moⁿ-íⁿ) - to walk; to exist [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-thiⁿ (mąðį́), maⁿ-iⁿ (mą́į) - walk, go by walking, go by foot; go, go on, walk, get moving; go ahead; approach, move in closer; go away; act or live a certain way, go around a certain way [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-yiⁿ (maⁿyíⁿ) - walk; move [Kaw]

walk about (stay in no place) go on a tramp

► o-kaⁿ-ni-ta maⁿ-niⁿ (ókkąnítta mąnį́) - walk about (stay in no place) go on a tramp

► cf. o-kaⁿ-ni-ta (ókkąnítta) - solitary, isolated, apart, separate; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► Dhegiha: u-ʰkoⁿ-dsi (u-ḳóⁿ-dsi), o-ʰkoⁿ-dse (ó-ḳoⁿ-dse) - alone, apart, isolate, separate, distinct, single, sole [FL-Osage]; u-ʰkaⁿ-tsi (oʰką́ci), u-ʰkaⁿ-tse (oʰką́ce) - alone, isolated, by oneself, individual, distinct, single, sole, apart from anyone else, solitary isolate [CQ-Osage]; o-kaⁿ-je (okáⁿje) - alone; by itself, of its own accord [Kaw]

walk along the edge of something

► naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - walk along the edge of something ► a-naⁿ-zi-pa (aną́zippa) - I, da-naⁿ-zi-pa (daną́zippa) - you, naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - he/she

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; zi-pa (-zíppa) - edge

► Dhegiha: zi-be (-zíbe) - edge [Omaha/Ponca]; zu-be (-zúbe) - edge [Kaw]

walk badly, limp, lame

► maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (mąnį́ šíke) - limp, lame, walk badly ► maⁿ-niⁿ aⁿ-shi-ke (mąnį́ ąšíke) - I, maⁿ-niⁿ di-shi-ke (mąnį́ dišíke) - you, maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (mąnį́ šíke) - he/she

► cf. maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk; shi-ke (šíke) - bad

► ex: ni-ka maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (níkka mąnį́ šíke) - a lame man

► ex: wa-x’o maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (waxʔo mąnį́ šíke) - a lame woman

► ex: she-to maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (šétto mąnį́ šíke) - a lame boy

► ex: she-mi maⁿ-niⁿ shi-ke (šémi mąnį́ šíke) - a lame girl

walk behind

► a-shi-ta maⁿ-niⁿ (ašitta mąnį) - to walk behind

► cf. a-shi-ta (ašítta) - behind; at or to the back or rear; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► Dhegiha: ha-shi-a-ta (há-ci-a-t͓á) - behind; in the rear [JOD-Omaha]; ha-shi-ʰta (há-shi-ṭa) - rear; to the rear; in the rear; in times past [FL-Osage]; ha-shi-ʰta (haašíʰta) - last, past, back in time, ago; those long ago, those old ones; before, earlier, in the past [CQ-Osage]; ha-shi-ta (hashíta) - behind, in the rear [Kaw]

► a-shi-ta ki-maⁿ-niⁿ (ašitta kímąnį) - to walk behind him/it

► cf. a-shi-ta (ašítta) - behind; at or to the back or rear; ki-maⁿ-niⁿ (kímąnį) - walk with reference to another, behind, etc.

► Dhegiha: ha-shi-a-ta (há-ci-a-t͓á) - behind; in the rear [JOD-Omaha]; ha-shi-ʰta (há-shi-ṭa) - rear; to the rear; in the rear; in times past [FL-Osage]; ha-shi-ʰta (haašíʰta) - last, past, back in time, ago; those long ago, those old ones; before, earlier, in the past [CQ-Osage]; ha-shi-ta (hashíta) - behind, in the rear [Kaw]

► ki-di-ze maⁿ-niⁿ a-shi-oⁿ-he niⁿ (kidizé mąnį́ ášiǫ́he nį) - to be walk behind getting for someone

► cf. ki-di-ze (kidizé) - get or take for; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk; a-shi-oⁿ-he (ášiǫ́he) - behind or after, afterward; niⁿ (nį) - 3^rd person singular continuative moving

► ex: wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe a-shi-oⁿ-he a-ni-he (wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe ášiǫ́he anihé) - I take for you/I walk/the/behind/I who move [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka wa-da-ki-te naⁿ maⁿ wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe a-shi-oⁿ-he a-ni-he (wažį́ka wadákkítté ną́ mą́ wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe ášiǫ́he anihé) - I’ll walk behind, when you shoot at the birds (and miss), I’ll get the arrow for you [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe a-shi-oⁿ-he a-ni-he (wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe ášiǫ́he anihé) - I get or take it for you/I walk/the/behind/I who move [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: shi-naⁿ wa-zhiⁿ-ka t’e-da-de naⁿ-haⁿ wi-bdi-ze a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ tʰe a-shi-oⁿ-he a-ni-he, i-ke i-ya-we (šiną́ wažį́ka tʔédade nąhą́ wibdíze amą́bdį tʰe ášiǫ́he anihé, iké iyáwe) - I’ll walk behind, if you kill a bird again, I’ll get it for you, he (rabbit) said to him (Haⁿ-ka’s son), iké iyáwe, he (rabbit) said to him (Haⁿ-ka’s son), they say [JOD-Red Hair]

walk fast

► sa-ki (sakkí) - walk faster ► a-sa-ki (ásakkí) - I, da-sa-ki (dásakkí) - you, sa-ki (sakkí) - he/she, oⁿ-sa-ki-we (ǫsákkiwe) - we

► sa-ki (sákki) - rapid, as a stream, man, horse

► cf. sa-ki (sakí) - hard, firm

► ex: naⁿ-de! sa-ki e-koⁿ (nądé! sakkí ekǫ́!) - what is the matter! hurry up! [JOD-Coyote and Buffalo]

► Dhegiha: sa-gi (sagí) - firm, fast, tight; difficult to untie or loosen; hard as sweet corn before it is boiled [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-gi (ça-gí) - firm; solid; strong; hard; durable; lasting; tough; inflexible; not easily bent [FL-Osage]; sa-ki (saakí) - tight, tightly; firm, solid, hard in texture, strong, muscular; difficult, hard to do things with [CQ-Osage]; sa-gi (sagí) - hard, firm, tight; tough; strong, muscular [Kaw]

► maⁿ-niⁿ so-te hi (mąnį́ sotté hi) - walk very fast

► maⁿ-niⁿ so-te hi (mąnį́ sotté hi) - walk fast [MS]

► cf. maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk; so-te (sotté) - fast, rapidly, swift of an animal; hi (hi) - very; so-te hi (sotté hi) - very fast; very rapid; very swift

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-thiⁿ (moⁿthíⁿ) - to walk; used also to express continued action [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-thiⁿ (moⁿ-thiⁿ), moⁿ-iⁿ (moⁿ-íⁿ) - to walk; to exist [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-thiⁿ (mąðį́), maⁿ-iⁿ (mą́į) - walk, go by walking, go by foot; go, go on, walk, get moving; go ahead; approach, move in closer; go away; act or live a certain way, go around a certain way [CQ-Osage] ; maⁿ-yiⁿ (maⁿyíⁿ) - walk; move [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: su-se (su-sĕ́) - swift flowing [JOD-Omaha]; su-se (súse) - be fast, swift [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: hiu (hiu) - several; many; more than one or two [FL-Osage]; hu (húu) - many, lots (of), large amount (of) [CQ-Osage]; hu (hu) - many, much, a lot, a great many [Kaw]

walk in the trail of another (made long ago)

► a-shi-oⁿ-he o-ki-si-kde (ášiǫhé ókisikdé) - walk in the trail of another (made long ago) ► a-shi-oⁿ-he o-a-ki-si-a-kde (ášiǫhé oákisi akdé) - I, a-shi-oⁿ-he o-da-ki-si-da-kde (ášiǫhé odákisi dakdé) - you, a-shi-oⁿ-he o-ki-si-kde (ášiǫhé ókisikdé) - he/she, a-shi-oⁿ-he oⁿ-ko-ki-si-oⁿ-kda-we (ášiǫhé ǫkókisi ǫkdáwe) - we

► cf. a-shi-oⁿ-he (ášiǫhe) - behind, or after him, afterward; last of a party or series, last one; si-kde (sikdé) - footprint, trail, track

► Dhegiha: ha-shi (háci) - last, after [JOD-Omaha]; ha-shi (hashi) - last [Omaha]; ha-shi (há-shi) - end, the last, omega [FL-Osage]; ha-shi (haaší) - last, in the back of, behind [CQ-Osage]; ha-shi (háshi) - last, tail end [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: si-gthe (sigthé) - footprints; a footprint; in the track or trail of a person or animal [Omaha/Ponca]; si-gthe (çigthe) - foot print; animal track; foot path [Omaha]; si-gthe (çi-gthé) - track, footprint [FL-Osage]; ʰta si-le ʰtawaⁿ (ʰtaasílee ʰtaáwą) - Tulsa, Oklahoma, literally, deer crossing town [CQ-Osage]; si-dle (sidlé), si-le (silé), (síle) - footprints, a trail [Kaw]

walk on and kick

► naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot, walk on and kick it, walk on something, kicking

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot

► ex: naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - he knocked it out of the fire by stepping on it [JOD-Fire Coal and Sinew]

► ex: ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ta-iⁿ-xe naⁿ-si-ka naⁿ ta-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe ta-bnaⁿ-bnaⁿ-se naⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą táįγe nąsiká ną ttakką́ nįkʰé tábnąbną́se ną) - then, when sinew had kicked out a burning log by stepping on it, he was burned and blistered all over [JOD-Fire Coal and Sinew]

► Dhegiha: noⁿ-si-ge (noⁿ-çí-ge) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-si-ge (naⁿsíge) - walk on gravel and kick it; walk on something, kicking; scuff along [Kaw]

walk on, go over, pass over

► a-pʰe (ápʰe) - go over, pass over, walk on ► a-a-pʰe (áapʰe) - I, a-da-pʰe (ádapʰe) - you, a-pʰe (ápʰe) - he/she

► Dhegiha: a-pshe (á-pshe) - to walk on, or to go from house to house [FL-Osage]; a-pshe (ápše) - around, pass around, give around, walk around, go around, circulate [CQ-Osage]; a-phe (áphe) - walk on something, ascend, cover over, as a lodge with skins [Kaw]

walk slow

► a-ka-zhi-kde maⁿ-niⁿ (ákažikdé mąnį́) - walk slowly

► cf. a-ka-zhi-kde (ákažikdé) - work deliberately; slowly; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► ex: a-ka-zhi-kde aⁿ-maⁿ-niⁿ ta [ta-i] (ákažikdé ąmą́nį tta [ttaí]) - let us walk slowly

walk while fine dust or snow is blowing on one

► a-ka-sho-te maⁿ-niⁿ (ákašótte mąnį́) - to walk while fine dust or snow is blowing on him ► aⁿ-ka-sho-te a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (ą́kašótte amą́bdį) - I, a-di-ka-sho-te da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (ádikašótte damą́tį) - you, a-ka-sho-te maⁿ-niⁿ (ákašótte mąnį́) - he/she

► cf. a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - fine dust, to have fine dust blown upon one; a (a) - on, upon; ka-sho-te (kašótte) - dusty; blow up a cloud of dust, sand, or snow, as the wind does; the filling of the air by dust blown by strong wind; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► ex: aⁿ-ka-sho-te a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (ą́kašótte amą́bdį) - I walk while dust is blowing on me

► ex: a-di-ka-sho-te da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (ádikašótte damą́tį) - you walk while dust is blowing on you

► Dhegiha: a-ga-shu-de moⁿ-thiⁿ (ágashude moⁿthíⁿ) - walk while dust or fine snow is blowing on him [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ga-shu-de (gashúde) - to raise a dust or smoke, to blow up a cloud of dust, sand, or snow, as the wind does; said also of a driving snow-storm; to raise a dust, as by beating carpets out of doors [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-sho-dse (ga-shó-dse) - the filling of the air by dust blown by strong wind [FL-Osage]

walk with bowed head

► be-x’iⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ (bexʔį́ mąnį́) - walk with bowed head ► pe-x’iⁿ a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (ppéxʔį amą́bdį) - I, shpe-x’iⁿ da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (špexʔį́ damą́ttį) - you, be-x’iⁿ maⁿ-niⁿ (bexʔį́ mąnį́) - he/she, aⁿ-be-x’iⁿ aⁿ-maⁿ-niⁿ-we (ąbéxʔį ąmą́nįwe) - we

► cf. be-x’iⁿ (bexʔį́) - bend down, stoop; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► ex: be-x’iⁿ hi maⁿ-niⁿ (bexʔį́ hi mąnį́) - to walk with bowed head low, to walk very bent over [JOD-Rabbit caught Sun]

► ex: e niⁿ-tʰe ma-shtiⁿ-ke a-ki-a-naⁿ tʰi-d[e] a-taⁿ be-x’iⁿ hi maⁿ-niⁿ taⁿ, pa-se de-de i-a, maⁿ-te-kaⁿ kʰe, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ mi maⁿ-shi hi-de i-a (é nįtʰé maštį́ke ákkianą́ tʰid[é] áttą bexʔį́ hi mąnį́ tą, páse dedé iá, mą́ttekką́ kʰé, kóišǫ́ttą mi mąší hidé iá) - as rabbit was doing that, passing by a little to one side, he quickly passed the sun, bent over with his head bowed and cut the bowstring, sun’s departure was so abrupt, it had already gone high above, it is said [JOD-Rabbit caught Sun]

walk with reference to another

► ki-maⁿ-niⁿ (kímąnį) - walk with reference to another, behind, etc.

► cf. maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► ex: a-shi-ta ki-maⁿ-niⁿ (ašitta kímąnį) - to walk behind him/it

walk, go for a walk or go walking

► maⁿ-niⁿ de (mąnį́ de) - go for a walk or go walking ► maⁿ-niⁿ bde (mąnį́ bdé) - I, maⁿ-niⁿ te (mąnį́ tté) - you, maⁿ-niⁿ de (mąnį́ de) - he/she

► cf. maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk; de (de) - go

► ex: maⁿ-niⁿ bde ta miⁿ-kʰe (mąnį́ bdé tta mįkʰé) - I’m going to go walking, I will be walking [MS]

► Dhegiha: maⁿ-thiⁿ a-the (maⁿ¢íⁿ a¢é) - going along walking [JOD-Omaha]; moⁿ-thiⁿ the (moⁿ-thiⁿ-the) - to go afoot; walking [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-thiⁿ a-the (mąðį́ aðée) - go for a walk, go walking [CQ-Osage]

walking stick, cane, crutch

► i-sa-kde (ísakdé) - cane, walking stick, crutch

► i-sa-kde (ísakdé) - cane [MS]

► Dhegiha: i-sa-gthe (ísagthe) - forked stick, like those used for hanging kettles over a fire [Omaha/Ponca]; i-sa-gthe (í-ça-gthe) - a post planted in the ground, a cane or walking stick [FL-Osage]; i-sa (íisa) - cane, walking stick, crutch [CQ-Osage]; i-sa-le (ísale) - cane, crutch [Kaw]

walking, crack something by walking on it

► o-naⁿ-ta-na (oną́ttana) - crack something by walking on it ► o-a-naⁿ-ta-na (oánąttána) - I, o-da-naⁿ-ta-na (odánąttána) - you, o-naⁿ-ta-na (oną́ttana) - he/she, oⁿ-ko-naⁿ-ta-we (ǫkónąttáwe) - we

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; o-ta-na (ottána) - space, crack, interval

► Dhegiha: u-tʰoⁿ-na (utʰóⁿna) - between [Omaha/Ponca]; u-taⁿ-na (utaⁿna), u-taⁿ-noⁿ (utaⁿnoⁿ) - between [Omaha]; u-ʰta-noⁿ (u-ṭa-noⁿ) - between [FL-Osage]; o-ʰtaⁿ-naⁿ (oʰtą́ną) - between, in between, the space between things [CQ-Osage]; o-ta-naⁿ (otánaⁿ) - space between two things, e.g. between furrows [Kaw]

walking, fail in walking or with machine

► naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - fail in walking or with machine ► a-naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (aną́įži) - I, da-naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (daną́įži) - you, naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - he/she

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; zhi (-ži) - negative, not

► Dhegiha: naⁿ-iⁿ-ba-zhi (naⁿíⁿbazhi), naⁿ-iⁿ-ba-zhe (naⁿíⁿbazhe) - fail walking, running, or working machinery due to an imperfection [Kaw]

walking, sway from side to side walking

► xa-da da-da-xti maⁿ-niⁿ (xáda dádaxti mąnį́) - sway from side to side walking, said in ridicule

► cf. xa-da (xáda) - back to starting point, back, back again; da-da (dáda) - freq. ending of de (de); xti (xti) - very, real, fully; exceedingly; intensifier suffix; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

walking, to raise the foot as in walking

► si di-ze (si díze) - stride, raise the foot as in walking

► cf. si (si) - foot; di-ze (dizé) - get, take, receive; si di-ze de-de (si díze déde) - stride, make a step; o-si-di-ze (osídize) - stride

► ex: si di-ze de-de (sí dizé dedé) - raising his feet/sent it off [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► ex: si di-ze de-de naⁿ hi tʰe-ti (sí dizé dedé ną hí tʰétti) - when he took every step, at every step which he took [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► Dhegiha: si thi-ze (si ¢í-zĕ) - to take up his feet, to raise the feet, as in walking [JOD-Omaha]; si thi-ze (si thíze) - lift one’s feet, as in walking [Omaha/Ponca]; si thi-ze (çi thize) - step [Omaha]; si thu-ze stse-dse (çí-thu-çe stse-dse) - to stride [FL-Osage]; si yu-ze (síyuze) - to take a step, advance step by step [Kaw]

walking, wear down by walking

► naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes ► a-naⁿ-to-ke (aną́ttoke) - I, da-naⁿ-to-ke (daną́ttoke) - you, naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - he/she

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot

wall

► ti di-we (tti díwe) - wall, side of a house

► cf. ti (tti) - house, tent, dwelling, lodge; di-we (díwe), ti-we (tíwe) - side of a person or animal; rib, rib bone

► Dhegiha: ti (ti) - house, lodge, tent, tipi, dwelling [Omaha/Ponca]; ti (ti) - house, coop, building, shelter, cottage, barracks [Omaha]; ʰtsi (ṭsi) - house, dwelling, hovel [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi (ʰcí) - house, nest, camp, make camp [CQ-Osage]; tsi (ci) - tent, lodge, house [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-e (¢ié) - side [JOD-Omaha]; thi-e (thie) - lumbar region [Omaha]; thiu-we (thiú-we) - the body, from the armpits down to the hips; the waist [FL-Osage]; thu-we (ðúwe) - waist, diaphragm, rib cage [CQ-Osage]; yu-we (yúwe) - side of a person or animal [Kaw]

► ti-ha (ttíha) - wall, “tent or lodge skin”

► cf. ti (tti) - house, tent, dwelling; ha (ha) - skin, hide, bark, shell

► ex: ti-ha a-te da-we (ttíha átte dáwe) - they climbed the wall [JOD-Red Hair]

► Dhegiha: ti-ha (tíha) - a tanned buffalo-hide; a tent-skin; ʰtsi-ha (ṭsí-ha) - a tent skin [FL-Osage]; tsi-ha (cíha) - tent cover, lit. “tent skin; lodge skin” [Kaw]

► ti xi-te (tti xítte) - wall or side of a lodge

► ex: ti xi-te kʰe (tti xítte-kʰe) - the wall

► ex: ti xi-te (tti xítte ábaknątta) - side of the lodge/along side [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► ex: e-shoⁿ de niⁿ-kʰe wa-pa-iⁿ di-ze niⁿ-kʰe ti xi-te a-ba-knaⁿ-ta i-naⁿ-de naⁿ iyá ma-shtiⁿ-ke (ešǫ́ dé nįkʰe wappaį́ dizé nįkʰé tti xítte ábaknątta iną́de ną iyá maštį́ke) - then rabbit placed the blood which he had taken by the side of the lodge, it is said [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► Dhegiha: ʰtsi-xiⁿ-dse (ṭsi-xiⁿ-dse) - an old term, which is understood to mean either end of a long house, the Osage house built for two families has two fireplaces, one at each end, the two ends of this long room are called by this term [FL-Osage]

walnut, black walnut

► ta-ke (ttáke) - black walnut

► ta-ke (ttáke) - black walnut [MS]

► cf. ta-ke hi (ttakéhi) - black walnut tree

► ex: ta-ke zho-hi hi o-xpa-de ka-xe naⁿ (ttáke žóhi hí oxpáde káγe ną) - causing an abundance of black walnuts to fall to the ground [JOD-Four Creators]

► ex: ta-ke da-tʰe-ki-de naⁿ i-a ho-mi-ta-ta (ttáke datʰékkide ną́ iá hómittátta) - he fed black walnuts to monkey, it is said [JOD-Four Creators]

► ex: e-ti ta-ke zho-hi hi ki-ka-xe naⁿ i-a ho-mi-ta-ta (étti ttáke žóhi hí kikáγe ną iá hómittátta) - then, the flying squirrel made an abundance of black walnuts for monkey, it is said [JOD-Four Creators]

► Dhegiha: ta-ge (táge) - black walnut [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-ge (tage) - walnut [Omaha]; ʰta-ge (ṭá-ge) - black walnut [FL-Osage]; ʰta-ku-e (ʰtákue) - walnut, black walnut [CQ-Osage]; ta-gu (tágu) - black walnut [Kaw]

walnut, black walnut tree

► ta-ke hi (ttaké hi) - black walnut tree

► cf. ta-ke (ttáke) - black walnut; hi (hi) - tree, bush, vine, stalk, leg

► Dhegiha: ta-ge hi (tágehi) - the black walnut tree, the Juglans nigra [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-ge hi (tage hi) - black walnut tree [Omaha]; ʰta-ge hi (ṭá-ge hi) - black walnut tree [FL-Osage]; ta-gu hu (tágu hu) - black walnut tree [Kaw]

want

► koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish ► koⁿ-bda (kkǫ́bda) - I, shkoⁿ-ta (škǫ́tta) - you, koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - he/she, aⁿ-koⁿ-da (ąkǫ́da) - we, I and one other, aⁿ-koⁿ-da-we (ąkǫ́dawe) - we

► ex: koⁿ-bda (kkǫbdá) - I want [OM]

► ex: ni koⁿ-bda (ni kkǫ́bda) - I want water

► ex: bda-taⁿ koⁿ-bda (bdattą́ kkǫbdá) - I want a drink [MS]

► ex: a-wa-naⁿ-bde koⁿ-bda (awánąbdé kkǫbdá) - I want to eat [MS]

► ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta zho-zhi-te e-naⁿ o-zha-wi koⁿ-bda (waǰíni kdé tta žožítte éną óžawi kkǫbdá) - you white people go home and us Indians dance all night (when the white people go home, I want just us Indians to dance) [MS]

► ex: wa-ske koⁿ-bda (wáske kkǫbdá) - pass the bread (I want bread) [MS]

► ex: ta-bde bde koⁿ-bda miⁿ-kʰe (tábde bdé kkǫbdá mįkʰé) - I want to go hunting (MS)’]

► ex: na-xnaⁿ da-ki-knaⁿ koⁿ-bda (naxną́ dakikną kkǫbdá) - you hide me your own relation/I wish, I want [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: na-xnaⁿ da-ki-knaⁿ koⁿ-bda, wi-ti-kaⁿ (naxną́ dakikną kkǫbdá, wittíką́) - my grandfather, I want you to hide me (your own) [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: shkoⁿ-ta (škǫttá) - do you want? [OM]

► ex: ta-taⁿ shkoⁿ-ta (táttą škǫ́tta) - what/you desire [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: ta-taⁿ shkoⁿ-ta niⁿ e-koⁿ-xti ta-tʰe koⁿ da-tʰaⁿ-she te e-ta (táttą škǫ́tta nį ékǫxtí ttatʰé kǫ́-datʰą́še tté ettá) - whatever you are wanting, it will be exactly like that, it will be that way for you there [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: ta-toⁿ shkoⁿ-ta (táttǫ škǫttá) - what do you want? [OM]

► ex: ni shkoⁿ-ta (ni škǫttá) - do you want water? [MS]

► ex: ha-zhoⁿ shkoⁿ-ta (hážǫ škǫttá) - what do you want with it? [MS]

► ex: wa-tʰe shkoⁿ-ta (watʰé škǫttá) - do you want a dress? [OM]

► ex: ma-kaⁿ sha shkoⁿ-ta (makką́ša škǫttá) - do you want coffee? [AG]

► ex: wa-ka-ka-xe shkoⁿ ki-de te shkoⁿ-ta (wakákaγe škǫ kíde tté škǫttá) - do you want to go to the show? [OM]

► ex: ma-hiⁿ shkoⁿ-ta e (máhį škǫtta e) - do you want a knife?

► ex: i-she shkoⁿ-ta naⁿ-haⁿ (išé škǫ́tta nąhą́) - if you say you want [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: wi-ti-to i-she shkoⁿ-ta naⁿ-haⁿ, wi-ti-to i-she te (wittítto išé škǫ́tta nąhą́, wittítto išé tte) - if you say you want me as my older brother you shall say my older brother [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: i-ye miⁿ-kʰe hi miⁿ-kʰe hi koⁿ-da a-kʰe (íye mį́kʰe hi mį́kʰe hi kǫdá akʰé) - speaks/tells the truth/very/desires/it is the one [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: de iⁿ-xo-wa-zhi hi naⁿ, de i-ye miⁿ-kʰe hi miⁿ-kʰe hi koⁿ-da a-kʰe (dé į́xowáži hí ną, dé íye mį́kʰe hi kǫdá akʰé) - this one tells no lies, this is the one that always wants to speak the truth [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tha (goⁿtha) - desire, crave, want [Omaha]; gaⁿ-tha (gáⁿ-¢a) - to desire, wish, want; to make an effort, try [JOD-Omaha]; goⁿ-tha (góⁿ-tha) - to want, to desire, to prefer [FL-Osage]; koⁿ-tha (kǫ́ða) - want, desire [CQ-Osage]; goⁿ-ya (góⁿya) - want, wish, hope, he/she/it wants it [Kaw]

want not

► koⁿ-da-zhi (kǫdáži) - want not; to not like ► koⁿ-bda-zhi (kkǫbdáži) - I, shkoⁿ-ta-zhi (škǫ́ttaži) - you, koⁿ-da-zhi (kǫdáži) - he/she, aⁿ-koⁿ-da-zhi (ą́kǫdáži) - we, I and one other, aⁿ-koⁿ-da-wa-zhi (ą́kǫdáwaží) - we

► cf. koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish; zhi (ži), a-zhi (aži) - negative, not, negation

► ex: koⁿ-bda-zhi (kkǫbdáži) - I don’t like it (I don't want it) [MS]

► ex: ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda-zhi (tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdáži) - I don’t want you coming around my house [MS]

► ex: hi-bde ta, ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda-zhi (hibdé tta, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdáži) - when I’m gone, don’t you come around my house [MS]

► ex: kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ, i-she koⁿ-bda-zhi, kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ taⁿ (kdąníke kibą, išé kkǫbdáži, kdąníke kibą tą) - I don’t want you to say, when I’m drinking around here [MS]

► ex: koⁿ-da-zhi e (kǫdáži e) - she didn’t like it [MS]

► ex: a-zhaⁿ koⁿ-bda-zhi hi (ažą́ kkǫbdáži hí) - I sleep/I did not wish/very [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: pi a-ni-he naⁿ pa-ze de taⁿ a-kniⁿ, koⁿ miⁿ-kʰe [e-]ti ki-ha-ti a-zhaⁿ koⁿ-bda-zhi hi (ppí aníhe ną́ ppáze dé tą aknį́, kǫ́ mįkʰé [e]tti kkihátti ažą́ kkǫbdáži hí) - as I was making my way back here, when it became dark, I made camp, as I had been sitting there awhile, I really did not want to sleep on the ground! [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: koⁿ-da-zhi (kǫdáži) - he did not wish [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: a-ki-na-x’oⁿ koⁿ-da-zhi she tʰaⁿ (akkínaxʔǫ́ kǫdáži šé tʰą) - he was ignoring him, he did not want to listen to him [JOD-Four Women]

► ex: zhaⁿ koⁿ-da-zhi (žą kǫdaží) - to sleep/she did not wish [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze naⁿ zhaⁿ koⁿ-da-zhi i-ya-we ki-ha-ti (kóišǫ́ttą hą́nąppáze ną žą kǫdaží iyáwe kkihátti) - then, in the dark of night, she did not want to sleep on the ground, they say [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tha-zhi (gáⁿ-¢a-jǐ) - not to desire, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; aⁿ-goⁿ-ya-ba-zhi (aⁿgóⁿyabazhi) - we don’t want [Kaw]

► e koⁿ-da-zhi (é kǫdáži) - not to want another to do so, not to desire something for another ► e koⁿ-bda-zhi (e kǫbdáži) - I, e shkoⁿ-ta-zhi (e škǫ́ttaži) - you, e koⁿ-da-zhi (e kǫdáži) - he/she, i-aⁿ-koⁿ-da-zhi (ią́kǫdáži) - we, I and one other, i-aⁿ-koⁿ-da-wa-zhi (i ą́kǫdáwaží) - we

► cf. e (e) - that, he, she, it, aforementioned; koⁿ-da-zhi (kǫdáži) - want not; to not like

► ex: e-de zha-we e-koⁿ-da-zhi niⁿ-kʰe naⁿ (edé žáwe ékǫdáži nįkʰé ną) - but the Beaver did not want that [JOD-Four Creators]

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tha-zhi (gáⁿ-¢a-jǐ) - not to desire, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; aⁿ-goⁿ-ya-ba-zhi (aⁿgóⁿyabazhi) - we don’t want [Kaw]

want one’s own

► ki-koⁿ-da (kikkǫ́da) - to want one’s own ► a-ki-koⁿ-bda (akíkkǫbdá) - I, da-ki-shkoⁿ-ta (dakíškǫttá) - you, ki-koⁿ-da (kikkǫ́da) - he/she

► cf. koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish

► ex: shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ di-ta da-ki-shkoⁿ-ta e (šǫkeáknį dítta dakíškǫtta e) - do you want your own horse?

► ex: a-tʰaⁿ-taⁿ da-ki-shkoⁿ-ta (atʰą́ttą dakíškǫttá) - when do you want it (your own)?

► Dhegiha: gi-koⁿ-tha (gikóⁿtha) - to desire his own, to desire for himself what is already his [Omaha/Ponca]; gi-goⁿ-tha (gígoⁿtha) - to wish for another; to wish another to say or do something; to desire it for another [Omaha/Ponca]; gi-ʰkoⁿ-tha (gi-ḳóⁿ-tha) - to reclaim property wrongly in the possession of another [FL-Osage]; ʰki-ʰkoⁿ-tha (ʰkiʰkǫ́ða) - want as one’s own, want for oneself [CQ-Osage]; ki-koⁿ-tha (kíkǫða) - want something that is anothers [CQ-Osage]

want to do so, want to do just as

► e-koⁿ ka-xe koⁿ-da (ékǫ káγe kǫ́da) - want to do so, want to do just as

► cf. e-koⁿ (ékǫ) - like, thus, like that, so; ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause; koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish

► ex: ta-shi ka-xe tʰe e-koⁿ ka-xe koⁿ-da tʰe di-sh’a naⁿ (ttási káγe tʰe ékǫ káγe kǫ́da tʰe dišʔá ną) - he wanted to do just as muskrat had done, but he was unable [JOD-Four Creators]

► Dhegiha: ga-xe goⁿ-tha (gaxe goⁿtha) - eager [Omaha]

want to know

► i-ba-hoⁿ koⁿ-da (íbahǫ kǫ́da) - want to know

► cf. i-ba-haⁿ (íbahą), i-ba-hoⁿ (íbahǫ) - know, know how, recognize; koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish

► ex: e-shoⁿ i-ba-hoⁿ koⁿ-da naⁿ (ešǫ́ íbahǫ kǫ́da ną) - and so, he wanted to know him (Rabbit wanted to know who was leaving those tracks) [JOD-Rabbit caught Sun]

► Dhegiha: i-ba-hoⁿ goⁿ-tha (íbahaⁿ gaⁿ¢á) - he wished to know him [JOD-Omaha]; i-ba-hoⁿ goⁿ-tha (ibahoⁿ goⁿtha) - detect [Omaha]

war

► to-taⁿ (totą́) - war

► ex: to-taⁿ haⁿ-ka (totą́hąka) - war captain, war chief

► Dhegiha: nu-daⁿ (nudáⁿ) - to war; on the war path; warrior [JOD-Omaha]; do-doⁿ (do-dóⁿ) - war; to go to war [FL-Osage]; to-taⁿ (totą́) - war; warpath; scouting, scouting alone; looking for enemies [CQ-Osage]; do-daⁿ (dodáⁿ) - warpath, war; go to war [Kaw]

► ki-ki-te (kkikkítte) - war [MS]

► ki-ki-te (kkikkítte) - shoot one another, battle

► cf. ki-te (kkítte) - shoot at something; to shoot

► Dhegiha: ʰku-ʰku-dse (ḳu-ḳú-dse) - shooting repeatedly; used in describing a fight [FL-Osage]; ʰki-ʰku-tse (ʰkiʰkúce) - shoot each other, shoot at each other [CQ-Osage]; ku-ku-je (kukúje) - shoot repeatedly; shoot one another; shoot at each other; shoot oneself [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: kʰi-de (kʰíde) - shoot [Omaha/Ponca]; ki-de (kide) - shoot [Omaha]; ʰku-dse (ḳú-dse) - to shoot [FL-Osage]; ʰku-tse (ʰkúce) - fire a gun, shoot a bow and arrow; shoot someone, shoot at someone [CQ-Osage]; ku-je (kúje) - shoot at something [Kaw]

► ma-zhaⁿ shi-ke (mažą́ šike) - war, lit. “bad land”

► cf. ma-zhaⁿ (mažą́), ma-zhoⁿ (mažǫ́) - land; shi-ke (šíke) - bad; ma-zhaⁿ shi-ka-zhi (mažą́ šikáži) - prewar times, before civil war, lit. “land was not bad” 1880’s

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-zhoⁿ pi-a-zhi (moⁿzhoⁿ piazhi) - badlands [Omaha]; ma-zhoⁿ pi-a-zhi ga-xe (mazhóⁿ píazhi gáxe) - to make the land bad; to make the land bad by fighting, to wage war [Omaha/Ponca]

► niⁿ-aⁿ (nį́ą) - fight

► niⁿ-aⁿ (nį́ą) - fight [MS]

► niⁿ-aⁿ (niah) - fight, beat, hit (battre) [GI]

► niⁿ-aⁿ-wi (niah-wi) - battle, fight, combat (battaille) [GI]

► Dhegiha: ni-uⁿ (niuⁿ) - fight [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ni-oⁿ shtoⁿ (nioⁿshtoⁿ) - fighter [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ni-oⁿ a-tha (nioⁿ atha) - warpath [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ga-shi ni-oⁿ (gashi nioⁿ) - feud [Omaha]

war chief, war captain

► to-taⁿ haⁿ-ka (totą́hąka) - war captain, war chief

► cf. to-taⁿ (totą́) - war; haⁿ-ka (hą́ka) - ancestral gens; ancestral, first, sacred

► Dhegiha: nu-doⁿ hoⁿ-ga (nudóⁿhoⁿga) - “the foremost warrior,” “the source of a war party”: a war captain or chief, the leader(s) of a war party: an officer or leader of any kind [Omaha/Ponca]; nu-doⁿ hoⁿ-ga (nudoⁿ hoⁿga) - master, overseer, captain, colonel, director, emperor, boss, chairman, officer, leader, commander [Omaha]; do-doⁿ hoⁿ-ga (do-dóⁿ hoⁿ-ga) - chief commander of the army [FL-Osage]; to-taⁿ-ha (totą́ ha), to-taⁿ haⁿ-ka (totą́ hąka) - committeeman, member of war dance committee, one with rank of war dance committee, one with rank of authority, ranking member [CQ-Osage]; do-daⁿ haⁿ-ga (dodáⁿ háⁿga) - leader of a war party, captain of a team [Kaw]

war dance

► to-ka-ni o-zha (ttokáni oža) - war dance

► to-ka-ni o-zha (tokkáni óža) - war dance, “no shirt dance” [MS]

► cf. to-ka-niⁿ (tokkánį), do-ka-niⁿ (dokkánį) - naked to the waist; stripped to the waist; o-zha (óža) - dance

► Dhegiha: nu-ka-thiⁿ (nukáthiⁿ) - to be stripped or bare to the waist, without robe, shirt, or blanket, but having on his breech-cloth and leggings [Omaha/Ponca]; tho-ʰka-thiⁿ (tho-ḳá-thiⁿ), thu-ʰka-thiⁿ (thú-ḳa-thiⁿ), nu-ʰka-thiⁿ (nu-ḳa-thiⁿ) - stripped to the waist; nude, naked [FL-Osage]; yo-ka-yiⁿ (yokáyiⁿ) - naked, stripped to the waist [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ha thu-ka-thiⁿ-i (há¢uká¢iⁿi) - naked [JOD-Omaha]; ha thu-ga-thiⁿ (ha thúgathiⁿ) - naked, nude, bare [Omaha]

warbler

► o-ki-zi-zi (okkízízi) - warbler, Parula or Dendroica; snowbirds

► cf. po-i-de-taⁿ wa-zhiⁿ-ka (poídettą́ wažį́ka) - snowbirds, different kinds of snow birds; it’s name is o-ki-zi-zi (ókkizízi)

► Dhegiha: zi-zi-e (çí-çi-e) - yellow spots on body, spotted with yellow [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: zi-zi e-goⁿ (zízi égoⁿ) - light yellow spots, here and there [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: u-ga-zi-zi (ugázizí) - a yellowish mixture or shade, a yellow paint that has soaked through in different parts ot the cloth etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; u-ga-zi-zi-hi (u-gá-çi-çi-hi) - yellowish; sallow; sickly color [FL-Osage]

warm oneself by the fire

► ta-shti-te-ki-de (táštitekkide) - warm oneself by the fire ► ta-shti-te-a-ki-de (táštiteákkide) - I, ta-shti-te-da-ki-de (táštitedákkide) - you, ta-shti-te-ki-de (táštitekkide) - he/she

► cf. ta (tá) - by extreme temperature; shti-te (štítte) - warm, comfortably; ta-shti-te (táštite) - warm, heat up; ki-de (kkide) - cause oneself

► Dhegiha: na-shti-de-ki-the (náshtidekíthe) - to make himself comfortable when he comes in cold, by sitting before the fire [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-shtsu-e-ʰki-the (táašcueʰkíðe) - warm oneself, as at a stove or fire, “cause oneself to be warm” [CQ-Osage]

warm season

► pe-tʰe (petʰé) - warm season

► cf. pe-tʰe-ti (petʰétti) - summer, in summer; pe (pe) - summer

► Dhegiha: me (me) - spring, the spring of the year [Omaha/Ponca]; be (be) - spring of the year [FL-Osage]; pe (pée) - springtime, spring [CQ-Osage]

warm something in the hands

► di-shti-te (dištité) - warm something in the hands ► bdi-shti-te (bdíštite) - I, ti-shti-te (ttíštite) - you, di-shti-te (dištité) - he/she

► cf. di (di) - by hand, pulling, cause or make to; shti-te (štítte) - comfortably warm

► Dhegiha: shti-de (shtíde) - comfortable; warm; as a person who keeps so by not going out into the cold, clothing, a lodge, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; shti-de (shtide) - warm by the sun [Omaha]; shti-de (shtí-de), stsu-dse (stsu-dse), stsu-e (stsu-e) - to be warm [FL-Osage]; shtsu-tse (šcúuce) - warm [CQ-Osage]; shtsu-je (shcúje) - comfortable [Kaw]

warm, as weather

► shta-ke (štáke) - warm, as weather

► ex: shta-ke (štáke) - it is warm now

► ex: si-o-ti shta-ke (siótti štáke) - it was warm yesterday

► ex: ka-sa-ni shta-ke ta-te (kasáni štáke ttatté) - it will be warm tomorrow

► ex: ka-sa-ni shta-ke taⁿ bda-zhi te (kasáni štáke tą bdaží tté) - if it is warm tomorrow, I shall not go

► Dhegiha: shta-ge (shtáge) - milk warm, as the water of certain streams [Omaha/Ponca]; shta-ge (shtá-ge) - tepid; slightly warmed; stagnant [FL-Osage]; shta-ke (štáke) - gentle, mild, or calm; soothing, comforting; tepid, lukewarm [CQ-Osage]

warm, comfortably warm

► shti-te (štítte) - comfortably warm

► ex: di-shti-te (dištité) - warm something in the hands

► ex: o-shti-te (oštítte) - south

► ex: o-ta-shti-te-ti (otáštitétti) - in the sunshine [JOD]

► ex: “o-ta-shti-te-ti a-shi-ti he-saⁿ o-ki-te ni-he,” i-ke niⁿ (“otáštitétti ašítti hesą́ okítte-nihé,” iké nį) - look for lice on yourself outside in the sunshine, he said to her [JOD]

► ex: ta-shti-te (táštite) - warm, heat up

► ex: ta-shti-te-ki-de (táštitekkide) - warm oneself by the fire

► Dhegiha: shti-de (shtíde) - comfortable; warm; as a person who keeps so by not going out into the cold, clothing, a lodge, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; shti-de (shtide) - warm by the sun [Omaha]; shti-de (shtí-de), stsu-dse (stsu-dse), stsu-e (stsu-e) - to be warm [FL-Osage]; shtsu-tse (šcúuce) - warm [CQ-Osage]; shtsu-je (shcúje) - comfortable [Kaw]

warm, heat up

► ta-shti-te (táštite) - warm, heat up

► cf. ta (tá) - by extreme temperature; shti-te (štítte) - comfortably warm

► ex: ta-shti-te-ki-de (táštitekkide) - warm oneself by the fire

► ex: o-ta-shti-te-ti (otáštitétti) - in the sunshine [JOD]

► Dhegiha: na-shti-de (náshtide) - to give out heat, making the lodge or person more comfortable; to get warm after coming in from the cold [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-shtsu-e (taašcúe), ta-shtsu-tse (táašcúuce) - be warm [CQ-Osage]

warm, to be warm

► ma-shte (mašté) - warm, to be warm; west ► aⁿ-ma-shte (ąmášte) - I’m, di-ma-shte (dimášte) - you’re, ma-shte (mašté) - he/she

► ex: ma-shte a-shi-ti (mašté ášitti) - it’s light outdoors (it’s warm outside) [MS]

► ex: ma-shte pe-taⁿ (mašté péttą) - summertime, sun shining [MS]

► Dhegiha: ma-shte (mashté) - warm [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿshte) - warm, sunny day, sunshine [Omaha]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿ-shte), moⁿ-stse (móⁿ-stse) - hot weather, a hot day [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-shtse (mąąšcé) - be warm weather, hot weather, sunny weather [CQ-Osage]; mo-shtse (moshcé), ma-sche (masché) - hot, warm, as weather; be hot, as a person; the warm months, March through September [Kaw]

warrior, brave

► wa-si-si-ke (wasísike) - a warrior, to be brave; refers to the able-bodied men, those who are active, those who are able to go to war ► wa-a-si-si-ke (waą́sisíke) - I, wa-di-si-si-ke (wadísisike) - you, wa-si-si-ke (wasísike) - he/she, wa-wa-si-si-ka-we (wawásisikawe) - we

► cf. si-si (sisí) - active; i-ki-si-si (íkisísi) - to make one active or lively

► Dhegiha: wa-si-si-ge (wa-sí-si-ge) - to be active, brisk, smart [JOD-Omaha]; wa-si-si-ge (waçíçige) - clever; tough; lively; emotion; popular [Omaha]; wa-si-si-ge (wa-çí-çi-ge) - brave; valorous; valiant; active; prowess [FL-Osage]; wa-si-si (wasísi) - strong, energetic, elastic [CQ-Osage]; wa-si-si-ge (wasísige) - active, as a warrior [Kaw]

wash

► di-zha (dižá) - wash ► bdi-zha (bdíža) - I, ti-zha (ttíža) - you, di-zha (dižá) - he/she

► cf. kdi-zha (kdižá) - wash one’s own; ki-kdi-zha (kkikdíža) - wash one’s own

► Dhegiha: thi-zha (thizhá) - to wash [Omaha/Ponca]; thu-zha (thu-zhá) - to wash [FL-Osage]; thu-zha (ðuužá) - wash [CQ-Osage]; yu-zha (yuzhá) - wash something [Kaw]

► wa-di-shki (wadíški) - wash

► wa-di-shki (wadíški) - wash [MS]

► cf. i-di-shki (ídiški) - apply substance like salve; wa-bi-shki (wabíški) - rub, scour when washing; wa-bi-shki (wábiški) - washboard

► Dhegiha: wa-thi-shki (wa-thí-shki) - to wash clothes [FL-Osage]; wa-thi-shki (waðíiški) - do laundry, wash clothes, wash something; laundry (clothes needing washing) [CQ-Osage]; wa-yu-shki (wayúshki) - to be washing something, be doing the wash [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-shki (thíshki) - to wring out [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-shki (thishki) - wring [Omaha]; thi-shki (thí-shki) - wash and wring clothes; to wash or wring one’s clothes [FL-Osage]; thi-shki (ðiiškí), thu-shki (ðuuškí) - wash; launder [CQ-Osage]; yu-shki (yushkí) - wash something [Kaw]

wash one’s own

► kdi-zha (kdižá) - wash one’s own ► a-kdi-zha (akdíža) - I, da-kdi-zha (dakdíža) - you; kdi-zha (kdižá) - he/she

► cf. di-zha (dižá) - wash; ki-kdi-zha (kkikdíža) - wash one’s own

► Dhegiha: gthu-zha (gthú-zha) - to wash (one’s face) [FL-Osage]; lu-zha (lúuža) - wash one’s own (body parts or possessions) [CQ-Osage]; lu-zha (luzhá) - wash one’s own [Kaw]

► ki-kdi-zha (kkikdíža) - wash one’s own ► a-ki-kdi-zha (akkíkdižá) - I, da-ki-kdi-zha (dakkíkdižá) - you, ki-kdi-zha (kkikdíža) - he/she

► cf. di-zha (dižá) - wash; kdi-zha (kdižá) - wash one’s own

► Dhegiha: ki-gthi-zha (kigthízha) - to wash himself [Omaha/Ponca]; ki-gthi-zha (kigthi zha) - wash your face [Omaha]; ʰki-gthi-zha (ḳi-gthí-zha), ʰki-gthu-zha (ḳi-gthú-zha) - to wash one’s self; wash for one’s self [FL-Osage]; ki-lu-zha (kiluzha) - wash oneself [Kaw]; ku-lu-zha (kulúzha) - wash oneself without getting in the water [Kaw]

washboard

► wa-bi-shki (wábiški) - washboard

► cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; wa-bi-shki (wabíški) - rub, scour when washing; wa-di-shki (wadíški) - wash

► Dhegiha: wa-bi-shki (wá-bi-cki) - a washboard [JOD-Omaha]; wa-bi-shki (wabishki) - washboard [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: bi-shki (bishkí) - to bear down on clothing, in washing it; to rub it along a washboard that has ridges on it [Omaha/Ponca]; bu-shki-ge (bushkíge) - rub clothes on a washboard, bear down on [Kaw]

washing, rub or scour when washing

► wa-bi-shki (wabíški) - rub, scour when washing ► wa-pi-shki (wappíški) - I, wa-shpi-shki (wašpíški) - you, wa-bi-shki (wabíški) - he/she

► cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; wa-bi-shki (wábiški) - washboard; wa-di-shki (wadíški) - wash

► Dhegiha: wa-bi-shki (wá-bi-cki) - a washboard [JOD-Omaha]; wa-bi-shki (wabishki) - washboard [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: bi-shki (bishkí) - to bear down on clothing, in washing it; to rub it along a washboard that has ridges on it [Omaha/Ponca]; bu-shki-ge (bushkíge) - rub clothes on a washboard, bear down on [Kaw]

washing, scrub or bear down washing

► bi-sh’e (bišʔé) - scrub, bear down washing ► pi-sh’e (ppíšʔe) - I, shpi-sh’e (špíšʔe) - you, bi-sh’e (bišʔé) - he/she

► cf. di-sh’e (dišʔé) - wring dry

wasp

► he-zi-ka niⁿ-te ski-ta (hézikka nį́tte skítta) - wasp

► cf. he-zi-ka (hézikka) - bee; he (he) - horn, antler; zi-ka (zíkka) - sharp at the end, pointed; ni-te (nítte), niⁿ-te (nį́tte) - buttocks, rump; ski-ta (skítta) - groove or notch all around an object; mark, depression, indention, indentation, impression, dent; gap, hollow

watch out for

► a-ki-toⁿ-we (ákkittǫ́we) - watch out for, beware of; take great care of; refrain from ► a-a-ki-toⁿ-we (áakkittǫ́we) - I, a-da-ki-toⁿ-we (ádakkittǫ́we) - you, a-ki-toⁿ-we (ákkittǫ́we) - he/she, aⁿ-ka-ki-toⁿ-wa-we (ą́kakkittǫwawe) - we

► cf. toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something; a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon; o-ki-toⁿ-we (ókittǫ́we) - depend on someone; o-toⁿ-we (otǫ́we) - look at singular/animate/object; o-toⁿ-we (ótǫwe) - look at plural/animate/objects; wa-ki-toⁿ-we (wakíttǫwe) - scout for someone; wa-toⁿ-we (watǫ́we) - scout, reconnoiter; wa-toⁿ-we de (watǫ́we dé) - go as a scout, reconnoitre

► ex: a-ki-toⁿ-wa (ákkittǫwá) - take care!

► ex: shi-zhi-ka a-ki-toⁿ-wa (šížika ákkittǫwá) - take great care of the infant!

► Dhegiha: a-ki-toⁿ-be (ákitóⁿbe) - to look to himself; to take head of himself, referring to possible danger [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: a-gi-doⁿ-be (á-gi-doⁿ-be) - watches over whatever is his own [FL-Osage]; a-ʰki-ʰtoⁿ-be (á-ḳi-ṭoⁿ-be) - discreet, to guard one’s self against trouble [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: a-ki-toⁿ-pe (ákitǫpe) - watch over, tend someone who is not a family member or not close [CQ-Osage]; a-ki-ʰtoⁿ-pe (ákiʰtǫpe) - watch over, look after, look at one’s own things or people, watch over, look after, look at one’s own [CQ-Osage]; a-ʰki-ʰtoⁿ-pe (áʰkiʰtǫpe) - watch over oneself, watch oneself, look at oneself, look after oneself, watch over each other, watch over things for oneself, watch over one’s own things [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: a-gi-doⁿ-be (ágidoⁿbe) - look at something, examine something, watchover [Kaw]; a-ki-toⁿ-be (ákitoⁿbe) - see for oneself, look at an object closely to understand for oneself, to scrutinize [Kaw]

watch over someone else’s property

► a-ki-ta (ákkitta) - watch over someone else’s property ► a-a-ki-ta (áakkitta) - I, a-da-ki-ta (ádakkitta) - you, a-ki-ta (ákkitta) - he/she, aⁿ-ka-ki-ta-we (ąkákkittawe) - we

► ex: a-ki-ta ka-hi-ke (ákkitta kahíke) - masculine name of the wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) or Thunder being gens of the Kwapa; Chief (keeping a sacred pipe) who Watches over something [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-kʰi-da (ákʰida) - to guard or watch over, as property (not his own) [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-da (á-ḳi-da) - watches over; guards; officer or soldier; grenadier; policeman; servant [FL-Osage]; a-ʰki-ta (áʰkita) - law enforcement; police; army, armed forces; solidier, armed person; officer, grenadier [CQ-Osage]; a-ki-da (ákida) - soldier, policeman, brave [Kaw]

watch, look

► a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon ► a-a-taⁿ-we (áattąwe) - I, a-da-taⁿ-we (ádattą́we) - you, a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - he/she

► a-toⁿ-we (átǫwe) - to look upon [MR]

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; for; at; toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something

► ex: a-wi-taⁿ-we (áwittą́we) - I look (down) on you [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► ex: a-wi-taⁿ-we a-zhaⁿ ta-miⁿ-kʰe (áwittąwe ažą́tta mįkʰe) - I will lie watching you [RR Grammar]

► ex: a-wi-taⁿ-we a-zhaⁿ tta miⁿ-kʰe (áwittą́we ažą́ tta mįkʰé) - I look (down) on you/I will recline [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► ex: de tʰe o-wa-di-te niⁿ-kʰe a-pa-po e-ta-kaⁿ-za a-wi-taⁿ-we a-zhaⁿ tta miⁿ-kʰe (dé tʰe owáditte nįkʰé áppapo ettákkąza áwittą́we ažą́ tta mįkʰé) - (this time) when  he (grizzly bear) goes, I will lie down looking at you, at the edge of the hill directly above the place where you capture the game [JOD-Rabbit and Grizzly]

► ex: a-toⁿ-we ki-we (átǫwe kíwe) - to look at him/they reached there again [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: o-shta-ti, o-shta wa-sha-ke, o-shta taⁿ o-ka-ki-xe hi a-toⁿ-we ki-we (oštátti, oštá wašaké, oštá tą okákixe hí átǫwe kíwe) - they arrived at the clearing, a large clearing (clear of any trees, brush, or grass), when they arrived at the clearing, they formed a circle to watch him [JOD-Red Hair]

► Dhegiha: a-doⁿ-be (ádoⁿbe) - look straight at, as in an arrow or the sight of a gun, so as not to miss the mark; to look to, to look at, to oversee [Omaha/Ponca]; a-doⁿ-be (á-doⁿ-be) - to watch over with care; to guard; to aim carefully; to escort [FL-Osage]; a-toⁿ-pe (átǫpe) - watch over, watch, tend, take care of some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cooking [CQ-Osage]; a-doⁿ-be (ádoⁿbe) - oversee, look to or at; watch over [Kaw]

► toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something ► taⁿ-we (ttą́we) - I, shtaⁿ-we (štą́we) - you, taⁿ-we (tą́we) - he/she, toⁿ-wa-i (tǫ́wai) - they

► ex: o-zha taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka toⁿ-we koⁿ-da (óža tą níkkašíka tǫ́we kǫdá) - he wants the people to watch him dance [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: toⁿ-we koⁿ-da (tǫ́we kǫdá) - to look at him/he wishes [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ni-zhi-ha zhi-te mi-ki-knaⁿ a-taⁿ o-zha taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka toⁿ-we koⁿ-da i-ye tʰaⁿ e-da-o (hą́ka ežį́ke nižíha žítte mikikną́ attą́ óža tą níkkašíka tǫ́we kǫdá iyé tʰą edao) - haⁿ-ka’s son says he wants the people to watch him dance with red hair in his belt, e-da-o [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: aⁿ-toⁿ-wa-i (ątǫ́wai) - they look at me [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: aⁿ-toⁿ-we koⁿ-bda (ątǫ́we kkǫ́bda) - to look at me/I wish [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: i-tʰi-kʰi i-ki-pʰe de taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka za-ni hi tʰi taⁿ aⁿ-toⁿ-wa-i taⁿ ni-zhi-ha zhi-te me-a-ki-knaⁿ a-taⁿ o-a-zha taⁿ aⁿ-toⁿ-we koⁿ-bda iⁿ (itʰíkʰi íkipʰe dé tą níkkašíka zaní hi tʰí tą ątǫ́wai tą nižíha žítte meákikną́ attą́ óažá tą ątǫ́we kkǫ́bda į) - I want the crier to go invite every single person to come and watch me, watch me when I put red hair in my belt and I dance [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: aⁿ-toⁿ-we-naⁿ-we (ątǫ́we-ną-we) - they usually look at me [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: o-ka-ki-xe hi o-skaⁿ-skaⁿ hi o-a-zha aⁿ-maⁿ, aⁿ-toⁿ-we-naⁿ-we (okákixe hí oską́ską hí óažá ąmą́, ątǫ́we-ną-we) - they usually form a circle and watch me, I usually dance going around in the middle of the circle [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: aⁿ-toⁿ-we koⁿ-bda (ątǫ́we kkǫbdá) - to look at me/I desire [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: i-tʰi-kʰi i-ki-pʰe de a-taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka tʰi a-taⁿ o-a-zha a-taⁿ aⁿ-toⁿ-we koⁿ-bda iⁿ, i-he aⁿ-maⁿ (itʰíkʰi íkipʰé dé attą́ níkkašíka tʰí attą́ óažá attą́ ątǫ́we kkǫbdá į, ihé ąmą́) - the crier goes and invites the people to assemble and when the people come, he tells them that I want them to come and watch me dance, I usually say this [JOD-Red Hair]

► ex: toⁿ-we de-de (tǫ́we dedé) - she looked at him/she sent it off [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: i-shta xi-xi-te ka-x[e] a-tʰaⁿ toⁿ-we de-de koⁿ-kʰe (ištá xixítte kaγ[e]á-tʰą tǫ́we dedé kǫ-kʰé) - she lay there peeping out of the corner of her eyes watching him [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: toⁿ-we de-de kʰe (tǫ́we déde kʰé) - she looked at him/she sent it off/the reclining one [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: ko-zhi kʰi taⁿ pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe wa-sa pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe e-ti kʰi taⁿ ki-ta te toⁿ-we de-de kʰe (kkóži kʰí tą ppahí nįkʰé wasá ppahí nįkʰé étti kʰí tą kittá tte tǫ́we déde kʰé) - she was laying there watching him, when the maneater got far enough away, when he made his way back to where the black bear head was laid down for him, she was going to get up [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: a-toⁿ-we de-a-de miⁿ-kʰe (atǫ́we deáde mįkʰé) - I looked at him/I sent it off/I who [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► ex: kde taⁿ i-shta xi-xi-te pa-x[e] a-tʰaⁿ a-toⁿ-we de-a-de miⁿ-kʰe (kdé tą ištá xixítte ppaγ[e]á-tʰą atǫ́we deáde mįkʰé) - when he started back, I was peeping out of the corner of my eyes, I was watching him [JOD-Woman and Maneater]

► Dhegiha: doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - see, look at, perceive [Omaha/Ponca]; doⁿ-be (doⁿbe) - look [Omaha]; doⁿ-be (doⁿ-be) - to see; to perceive; to scrutinize; to watch [FL-Osage]; toⁿ-be (tǫ́pe) - see, observe, watch [CQ-Osage]; doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - look, look at, on or upon; see, look at [Kaw]

watch, small clock

► ma-ze ti-ta zhi-ka (mazéttítta žíka) - watch, “small clock”

► cf. ma-ze ti-ta (mazéttítta) - clock; zhi-ka (žíka), zhiⁿ-ka (žį́ka) - small, little; young

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-doⁿ-be zhiⁿ-ga (míⁿdoⁿbe zhíⁿga) - a watch [Omaha/Ponca]; miⁿ-oⁿ-ba zhiⁿ-ga (míⁿoⁿba zhíⁿga) - a watch (for telling time) [Kaw]

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