stride
▶
o-si-di-ze (osídize)
- stride
▶ cf. si di-ze (si díze)
- raise the foot as in walking; si di-ze de-de (si díze
déde) - stride, make a step
▶ Dhegiha: u-si-thu-ze
(u-çí-thu-çe)
- the length of a footstep; a footstep [FL-Osage]
▶ si di-ze de-de (si
díze déde) - stride, make a step
▶ cf.
si di-ze (si díze) - raise the foot as in walking;
si (si) - foot; de-de (déde) - sent
away, causative of go
▶ ex: si di-ze de-de (sí
dizé dedé) - raising his feet/sent it off [JOD]
▶ ex: si di-ze de-de naⁿ
hi tʰe-ti (sí dizé dedé ną hí tʰétti) - at every step
which he took [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
si thi-ze (si ¢í-zĕ) - to take up his feet, to
raise the feet, as in walking [JOD-Omaha]; si thi-ze (si
thíze) - lift one’s feet, as in walking [Omaha/Ponca];
si thi-ze (çi thize) - step [Omaha]; si
thu-ze (çi-thú-çe) - step [FL-Osage]; si yu-ze
(síyuze) - to take a step, advance step by step [Kaw]
▶ si di-ze (si díze)
- raise the foot as in walking
▶ cf. si (si) -
foot; di-ze (dizé) - get, take, receive;
o-si-di-ze (osídize) - stride; si di-ze de-de (si
díze déde) - stride, make a step
▶ ex: si di-ze de-de (si
díze déde) - stride, make a step
▶ ex: si di-ze de-de (sí
dizé dedé) - raising his feet/sent it off [JOD]
▶ ex: si di-ze de-de naⁿ
hi tʰe-ti (sí dizé dedé ną hí tʰétti) - at every step
which he took [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
si thi-ze (si ¢í-zĕ) - to take up his feet, to
raise the feet, as in walking [JOD-Omaha];
si thi-ze (si thíze)
- lift one’s feet, as in walking [Omaha/Ponca]; si thi-ze
(çi thize) - step [Omaha]; si thu-ze (çi-thú-çe)
- step [FL-Osage]; si yu-ze (síyuze) - to take a
step, advance step by step [Kaw]
strike at and miss
▶ ka-kʰiⁿ-te (kakʰį́tte)
- strike at and miss
▶ a-kʰiⁿ-te (ákʰįtte) - I, da-kʰiⁿ-te
(dákʰįtte) - you
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water;
ba-kʰiⁿ-te (bakʰį́tte) - miss, slip pushing something;
bi-kʰiⁿ-te (bikʰį́tte) - rub a slippery surface;
di-kʰiⁿ-te (dikʰį́tte) - lose grip, slip over;
bi-kʰiⁿ-te (bikʰį́tte) - rub a slippery surface;
da-kʰiⁿ-te (dakʰį́tte) - bite at and miss, snap at;
kiⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (kkį́kkįtté) - slippery;
naⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (nąkʰį́tte) - kick at and miss, pass by;
pa-kʰiⁿ-te (pákʰįtte) - cut at something and miss it;
po-kʰiⁿ-te (pókʰįtte) - graze something while
shooting
▶ Dhegiha:
ka-kshiⁿ-tse (kakšį́ce) - miss a target, miss out
on by arriving late [CQ-Osage];
▶ Dhegiha:
ba-kshiⁿ-dse (ba-kshíⁿ-dse) - to miss an object at
which a thrust is made, to scrape a hide [FL-Osage];
wa-kshiⁿ-dse (wá-kshiⁿ-dse) - to miss hitting them
[FL-Osage]; noⁿ-kshiⁿ-dse (noⁿ-kshíⁿ-dse) - barely
missing an object in kicking at it [FL-Osage];
thi-kshiⁿ-dse (thi-kshíⁿ-dse) - failure to get a good
grasp or hold [FL-Osage]; thi-kshiⁿ-tse (ðikšį́ce)
- miss, fail at, be incorrect at, not get right, drop, let slip,
let slip away [CQ-Osage]; ba-khiⁿ-je (bakhíⁿje) -
miss, slip with a spear, to fail in cutting an object with a
knife [Kaw]; ya-khiⁿ-je (yakhíⁿje) - snap at and
miss, fail in speaking [Kaw]
strike down, knock senseless
▶
ka-xdi (kaxdí) - to kill with a blow [JOD]
▶ a-xdi
(axdi) - I, da-xdi (dáxdi) - you
▶
ka-xdi (kaxdí) - strike down, knock senseless
▶ cf.
ka (ka) - by striking, by action of the wind or water
▶ ex:
da-xdi (dáxdi) - you kill him with a blow [JOD]
▶ ex:
koi-she-taⁿ u-da-ki-de ki-ha taⁿ ka-xdi (koišéttą udákide
kihá tą kaxdí) - when he (haⁿ-ka’s son) finally finished
telling him (rabbit), he (rabbit) struck and killed him
(haⁿ-ka’s son) [JOD]
▶ ex:
aⁿ-xdi (ą́xdi) - I have been struck down, knocked
senseless
▶ ex:
aⁿ-xdi (ą́xdi) - beat me hard/very [JOD]
▶ ex: i-kaⁿ aⁿ-xdi hi tʰe
(ikką́ ą́xdi hi tʰe) - my grandmother almost beat the
life out of me [JOD]
▶ ex:
di-a-xdi (diáxdi) - you have been atruck down,
knocked senseless
▶ Dhegiha:
ga-xthi (gaqthí) - to stun or kill by striking
with an ax or club [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-xthi (gaxthi)
- to assault, beaten [Omaha]; ga-xthi (gaq¢í) - to
stun or kill by striking with an ax or club, to beat severely
[JOD-Omaha]; ga-xthi (ga-xthí) - to kill an enemy,
the killing of an enemy by a war party, the striking of an enemy
by a warrior, an act which entitles him to a military honor
[FL-Osage]; ga-xli (gaxlí) - slay, strike down and
stun, kill by striking with an instrument such as a club or ax
[Kaw]
strike notches in something
▶
ka-ti-te (kattítte) - strike notches in something
▶ a-ti-te
(áttitte) - I, da-ti-te (dáttitte) - you
▶ cf.
ka (ka)
- by striking, by action of the wind or water;
ti-te (ttítte) - notched; di-ti-te (dittitté)
- tear notches, scallops in
something; pa-ti-te (páttitte) - cut notches with
a knife
strike on behalf of someone else
▶ o-ki-tʰiⁿ (okítʰį)
- strike on behalf of someone else
▶ cf.
o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́) - strike, slap, hit; ki (kí)
- for someone, on behalf of someone
▶ Dhegiha:
u-gi-tiⁿ (u-gí-tiⁿ) - to hit his own relation or
property [JOD-Omaha]; u-gi-ti ⁿ(ú-gi-tiⁿ) - to hit
them (animate objects, his own property [JOD-Omaha]
▶ Dhegiha:
u-tiⁿ (utiⁿ) - beat, hit, spank, strike, a blow,
club [Omaha]; u-tʰiⁿ (utʰíⁿ) - to hit or strike
him [Omaha/Ponca]; u-tsiⁿ (ú-tsiⁿ) - to maul, to
beat, to pound, to strike, to give a drubbing, to thrash
[FL-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ocʰí) - whip
strongly, beat up, spank or get someone, drub, thrash
[CQ-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ócʰį) - hit or beat things,
such as a drum [CQ-Osage]; o-chiⁿ (ochíⁿ) - hit
[Kaw]
strike one’s own
▶
o-ki-tʰiⁿ (okítʰį) - strike one’s own
▶ o-a-ki-tʰiⁿ (oákitʰį)
- I, o-da-ki-tʰiⁿ (odákitʰį) - you
▶ cf.
o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́) - strike, slap, hit; ki (kí)
- one’s own
▶ Dhegiha:
u-gi-tiⁿ (u-gí-tiⁿ) - to hit his own relation or
property [JOD-Omaha]; u-gi-ti ⁿ(ú-gi-tiⁿ) - to hit
them (animate objects, his own property [JOD-Omaha]
▶ Dhegiha:
u-tiⁿ (utiⁿ) - beat, hit, spank, strike, a blow,
club [Omaha]; u-tʰiⁿ (utʰíⁿ) - to hit or strike
him [Omaha/Ponca]; u-tsiⁿ (ú-tsiⁿ) - to maul, to
beat, to pound, to strike, to give a drubbing, to thrash
[FL-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ocʰí) - whip
strongly, beat up, spank or get someone, drub, thrash
[CQ-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ócʰį) - hit or beat things,
such as a drum [CQ-Osage]; o-chiⁿ (ochíⁿ)
- hit [Kaw]
strike with something, hit
▶ i-tʰiⁿ (itʰį́)
- hit, strike with something
▶ i-da-tʰiⁿ (idátʰį)
- I, i-da-tʰiⁿ (ídatʰį) - you
▶ cf. i-tʰiⁿ-tʰiⁿ
(ítʰįtʰį) - hit repeatedly with something;
i-tʰiⁿ-ye (ítʰįye) - to have hit; i-ki-tʰiⁿ
(íkkitʰį) - hit oneself with something; i-ki-tʰiⁿ
(íkitʰį) - hit one’s own; i-ki-tʰiⁿ-ye (íkitʰį́ye)
- to have hit one’s own; iⁿ-tʰiⁿ (į́tʰį) - stick,
club [JOD]; ma-ze iⁿ-tʰiⁿ (máze į́tʰį) - sword,
lit. “iron striker”; o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́) - strike,
slap, hit
▶ ex: naⁿ-pe bda-ska
i-tʰiⁿ (nąpé bdaská itʰį́) - slap, lit. “hit with flat
hand”
▶ Dhegiha: i-tʰiⁿ
(í-tʰiⁿ) - to hit an object with something the name of
which precedes the verb [Omaha/Ponca]; i-tsiⁿ (í-tsiⁿ)
- club, hatchet [FL-Osge]; i-tsʰiⁿ (iicʰį́) - hit
with, strike with [CQ-Osage]; i-chiⁿ (íchiⁿ) -
strike with something [Kaw]
strike, fall on
▶ ka-sta (kastá)
- strike, fall on
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water;
▶ ex: ma-ze we-ka-sta
(mazé wékastá) - hammer
▶ ex: ma-ze-ska ka-sta
wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ (mazéska kásta waną́ʔį) - silver breast
ornament, from Harrison Quapaw [MH]
▶ Dhegiha: ga-sta
(gastá) - to beat till soft and pliable, as metals,
moccasins, or hides; to beat a short piece of iron, making it
flat and long [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-sta (ga-çtá) - to
beat or hammer metal [FL-Osage]; ka-shta (kaaštá)
- hammer, hit or beat, flatten by striking [CQ-Osage];
ga-sta (gastá) - hammer flat, beat until flat and long,
as when hammering metal or other malleable material [Kaw]
strike, slap, hit
▶ o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́)
- strike, slap, hit
▶ o-a-tʰiⁿ (oátʰį)
- I, o-da-tʰiⁿ (odátʰį) - you, oⁿ-ko-tʰiⁿ-we
(ǫkótʰįwe) - we
▶ cf. o-tʰiⁿ-kde
(otʰį́kde) - touch, tap to gain attention;
o-tʰiⁿ-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́tʰį) - pat; o-tʰiⁿ-ye (otʰį́-ye)
- to have struck, etc.; de-ho-di-ki o-tʰiⁿ (dehodíkki
otʰį́) - drumstick [MS]; de-xo-di-tiⁿ o-tʰiⁿ (d¢exud¢itiⁿ
utiⁿ) - drum, beat drum, strike [JOD]; i-tʰiⁿ
(itʰį́) - hit, strike with something;
▶ ex: o-wa-tʰiⁿ (owátʰį)
- I hit him [MS]
▶ ex: o-wi-tʰiⁿ (owítʰį)
- I hit you
▶ ex: a-ka-ze hi
o-da-tʰiⁿ (ákaze hí odátʰį) - you hit an object softly
or carefully
▶ ex: o-aⁿ-tʰiⁿ (oą́tʰį)
- she/he hit me
▶ ex: o-aⁿ-da-tʰiⁿ
(oą́datʰį) - you hit me
▶ ex:
maⁿ-ke o-tʰiⁿ (mą́ke otʰį́) - Hit in the Breast, male
personal name [MS, JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: u-tiⁿ (utiⁿ)
- beat, hit, spank, strike, a blow, club [Omaha]; u-tʰiⁿ
(utʰíⁿ) - to hit or strike him [Omaha/Ponca];
u-tsiⁿ (ú-tsiⁿ) - to maul, to beat, to pound, to strike,
to give a drubbing, to thrash [FL-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ocʰí)
- whip strongly, beat up, spank or get someone,
drub, thrash [CQ-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ócʰį) - hit or
beat things, such as a drum [CQ-Osage]; o-chiⁿ (ochíⁿ)
- hit [Kaw]
striking, fail in throwing or
striking
▶ ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži)
- fail in throwing or striking
▶ a-iⁿ-zhi (áįži)
- I, da-iⁿ-zhi (dáįži) - you,
oⁿ-ka-iⁿ-wa-zhi (ǫkáįwaží) - we
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water; zhi (-ži)
- negative, not; ba-iⁿ-zhi (baį́ži) - fail or miss
pushing at something; bi-iⁿ-zhi (biį́ži) -
fail/miss pressing/blowing; da-iⁿ-zhi (daį́ži) -
fail using the mouth, voice; di-iⁿ-zhi (díįži) -
fail in pulling, rowing, etc.; ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži)
- fail in throwing or striking; naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži)
- fail in walking or with machine; pa-iⁿ-zhi (páįži)
- fail in cutting or sawing; po-iⁿ-zhi (póįži) -
to be unsuccessful shooting or punching; ta-iⁿ-zhi
(táįži), (ttáįži) - fail in cooking, as when fire is not
hot enough
▶ Dhegiha: ga-iⁿ-ba-zhi
(ga-íⁿ-ba-zhi) - failure to chop wood because the ax is
dull [FL-Osage]; ga-iⁿ-ba-zhe (gaíⁿbazhe) - fail
in chopping; fail in throwing, to fail in chopping wood with a
dull ax that does not cut at all; to be unsuccessful in throwing
[Kaw]
striking, gash or
slit something by striking it
▶
ka-shte (kašté) - gash, slit something striking it
▶ cf.
ka (ka) - by striking, by action of the wind or
water; i-ka-shte (íkašte) - gash, slit the skin
with something; ki-kda-shte (kkikdášte) - cut,
gash one’s own; i-ba-shte (íbašte) - split by
falling against [JOD]; ma-ze we-pa-shte (mozeh-wepaschtŭh)
- knife, “iron with which to cut” (épée) [GI]; o-di-shte
(odíšte) - saw, split by sawing; pa-shte (pášte)
- cut; shte-ke (štéke) - split in
two; zhoⁿ di-shte (žǫ díšte)
- plank, “split wood”
striking, miss the mark striking at something
▶
ka-shnoⁿ-da (kašnǫ́da) - miss the mark striking at
something
▶ a-shnoⁿ-da (ášnǫda) - I,
da-shnoⁿ-da (dášnǫda) - you
▶ cf.
ka (ka) - by striking, by action of the wind or
water; ba-shnoⁿ-da (bašnǫ́da) - push at and fail
or miss; bi-shnoⁿ-da (bišnǫ́da) - fail, miss
applying pressure; da-shnoⁿ-da (dašnǫ́da) - slip
in eating, talking, etc.; di-shnoⁿ-da (dišnǫ́da) -
let slip, fumble something; naⁿ-shnoⁿ-da (nąšnǫ́da)
- lose one’s footing, slip; pa-shnoⁿ-da (pášnǫda)
- fail to cut something with a knife; po-shnoⁿ-da
(póšnǫda) - miss a target shooting
▶ Dhegiha:
zhnoⁿ (zhnoⁿ) - verb root, to miss, let fall,
zhnoⁿ-tha (c͓naⁿ¢a), ba-zhnoⁿ (bac͓naⁿ), bu-zhnoⁿ (buc͓naⁿ),
tha-zhnoⁿ (¢ac͓naⁿ), thi-zhnoⁿ (¢ic͓naⁿ), ga-zhnoⁿ (gac͓naⁿ), ma
zhnoⁿ (mac͓naⁿ), mu-zhnoⁿ (muc͓naⁿ)
[Omaha/Ponca]
striking, rattle by striking
something
▶ ka-sha-da (kašadá)
- rattle by striking something
▶ a-sha-da (ášada)
- I, da-sha-da (dášada) - you,
oⁿ-ka-sha-da-we (ǫkášadawe) - we
▶ cf. a-na-sha-da
(ánašáda) - bell, rattle [MS]; di-sha-da (dišáda)
- rattle; di-sha-sha-da (dišášada) - rattle, make
a rattling noise
▶ Dhegiha: ga-sha-thu
(ga-cá-¢u) - to make the sound of striking water; to
make the sound heard when a chain falls and hits an object, or
that of hitting a chain with a stick [JOD-Omaha];
ga-sa-thu (ga-sá-¢u) - to shake a rattle; to hit corn
and make it rattle as it falls [JOD-Omaha]; ga-sa-thu
(gasathu) - rattle [Omaha]; ga-su-the (ga-çú-the)
- sounding a rattle with a stroke [FL-Osage]
striking, split something by striking
▶
o-ka-ste (okáste)
- split something by striking
▶ o-a-ka-ste (oákaste)
- I, o-da-ka-ste (odákaste) - you
▶ cf.
o-ste (oste)
- crack, cracked, split;
ka-ste (kasté)
- gash, split something;
ka-ste-ste (kastéste)
- cut or beat to shreds/slivers;
ka-ste-ste-ye (kastésteye)
- to have cut to shreds
▶ Dhegiha:
u-ga-sne (u-gá-s͓ne) - to split, as wood with a wedge
and ax or mallet; to split within an object [JOD-Omaha];
u-ga-sne (ugáçne) - cracked, split [Omaha];
o-ga-stse-ge (ogáscege) - split something such as wood
with an instrument such as an ax or a wedge and mallet [Kaw]
striking, spoil something by striking it
▶
ka-shi-ke (kašíke)
- spoil something by striking it
▶ a-shi-ke (ášike) - I, da-shi-ke
(dášike) - you
▶ cf. ka (ka) - by
striking, by action of the wind or water;
shi-ke (šíke)
- bad, ugly; ba-shi-ke
(bašiké) - ruin by
poking a hole in; bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by
pressing, squash; da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly
of or incorrectly; di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by
tearing, do wrong; naⁿ-shi-ke (nąšíke) - spoil
something by stepping on it; pa-shi-ke (pášike) -
ruin by cutting with a knife; po-shi-ke (póšike) -
spoil something by punching it; ta-shi-ke (tášíke)
- ruin something by burning it
striking, to remain after striking
▶ o-ka-shte (okášte)
- to remain after striking [JOD]
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water; o-shte (ošté)
- remain, be left over; o-po-shte (opóšte) -
remain after a shooting
▶ ex: o-ka-shte (okášte)
- remained after striking [JOD]
▶ ex: ni-ka miⁿ-xti
wa-x’o miⁿ-xti, naⁿ-pa o-ka-shte, i-ya (níkka mį́-xti waxʔó
mį́-xti, ną́pa okášté, iyá) - one male and one female,
two remained after the striking down of the others, it is said
(they say) [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: u-ga-shte
(úgacte) - to leave a remnant; to
reserve, as a part of another’s wages, yet to be paid him
[JOD-Omaha]; u-ga-shte (u-gá-shte) - exempt, free
from [FL-Osage]; o-ga-shtse (ogáshce) - to remain
after being struck; save something, set aside, spare, reserve
[Kaw]; o-wa-ga-shtse (ówagàshce) - to allow them
to remain after killing the rest by blows; to spare them instead
of killing them by blows [Kaw]
striking, undercut by striking or
chopping
▶ ka-shoⁿ-da-da
(kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking, chopping
▶ a-shoⁿ-da-da (ášǫdada)
- I, da-shoⁿ-da-da (dášǫdada) - you,
oⁿ-ka-shoⁿ-da-da (ǫkášǫdada) we dual, I and one other
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water; shoⁿ-da-da
(šǫ́dada) - unsteady, insecure; ba-shoⁿ-da-da
(bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize pushing at;
bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady
pressing; naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize
with the foot; kick loose; pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá)
- undercut, undermine; po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) -
make top heavy by thrusting at; ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) -
top heavy, unsteady by burning; naⁿ-te shoⁿ-da-da-zhi
(ną́tte šǫ́dadáži) - stout hearted
▶ Dhegiha: shoⁿ-tha
(shoⁿthá) - spilled, upset and spilled, tipped over and
spilled [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha
(shoⁿshóⁿtha) - loosened in its socket, as a fence post
ot a tooth [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿshoⁿtha)
- limber [Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (bashoⁿtha) - pour,
dump [Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (ba-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill
water from a vessel, either by accident or on purpose
[FL-Osage]; gi-shoⁿ-tha (gí-shóⁿ-tha) - to make
loose, to droop or fall, loose jointed, broken [FL-Osage];
ga-shoⁿ-tha (ga-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill water from a
vessel by striking against it [FL-Osage]
striking, wear down by striking
▶ ka-to-ke (kattóke)
- wear down by striking, to dull
▶ a-to-ke (áttoke)
- I, da-to-ke (dáttoke) - you
▶ cf. ka (ka) -
by striking, by action of the wind or water; ba-to-ke
(battóke) - wear away, wear out; bi-to-ke
(bittóke) - wear away by rubbing or file; da-to-ke
(dattóke) - dull, wear the teeth, blunt; di-to-ke
(dittóke) - dull, blunt a tool; naⁿ-to-ke
(nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes;
pa-to-ke (páttoke) - wear away a knife blade;
po-to-ke (póttoke) - dull by punching, as a spear
string one’s bow
▶ i-ki-kaⁿ-de
(íkikką́de) - string one’s bow
▶ i-da-ki-kaⁿ-de
(idákikką́de) - I, i-da-ki-kaⁿ-de (ídakikką́de)
- you
▶ cf. kaⁿ (kką),
koⁿ (kkǫ) - root of a plant; sinew, string, line;
maⁿ-te kaⁿ (mą́ttekką́) - bow string;
i-kaⁿ-de (íkkąde) - lariat
▶ ex: a-ki-na-zhiⁿ a-taⁿ
i-ki-kaⁿ-de
(a-ki-na-zhiⁿ a-taⁿ íkikką́de)
- he trod on his own/and/he strung his own [JOD]
▶ ex: maⁿ-te kʰe
a-ki-na-zhiⁿ a-taⁿ i-ki-kaⁿ-de niⁿ i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-zhiⁿ-ke
niⁿ (mą́tte kʰe ákinážį attą íkikką́de nį́ iyá maštį́ke ežį́ke
nį) - and the Rabbit’s son was stringing his bow, it is
said (when the bow is strung, it is bent with the foot, and the
string put on the other end) [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: i-kaⁿ-le
(íkaⁿle) - tie to or with, his word refers only to a
bowstring [Kaw]; kaⁿ-le (káⁿle) - attach, as a bow
string to a bow; tie a cord on, as a horse [Kaw]; i-kaⁿ-ye
(íkaⁿye) - line, strap, lead [Kaw]; i-ki-ka-toⁿ
(iki katoⁿ) - lash down, tie down [Omaha];
i-ʰkoⁿ-ʰtoⁿ (í-ḳoⁿ-ṭoⁿ) - to tie with a rope [FL-Osage];
ʰkoⁿ-ʰtoⁿ (ḳóⁿ-ṭoⁿ) - to tie, as with a string or
cord [FL-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha: koⁿ (koⁿ)
- sinew, root, string [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ (koⁿ) -
blood vessel, veins, artery, root, string [Omaha]; ʰkoⁿ
(ʰkoⁿ) - a vein or blood vessel, roots of trees or
plants, sinew [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ (ʰką́), ʰkoⁿ
(ʰkǫ́) - vein, artery, blood vessel [CQ-Osage];
k’aⁿ (kʔą) - root [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ (kaⁿ) -
vein, artery, root, sinew, string [Kaw]
string, bowstring
▶ maⁿ-te kaⁿ
(mą́ttekką́) - bow string
▶ maⁿ-te kaⁿ
(mok-teh-kōn) - bow string (corde d'arc) [GI]
▶ maⁿ-te kaⁿ (móte
kaⁿ) - bowstring [ASG]
▶ cf. maⁿ-te (mą́tte)
- bow; kaⁿ (kką), koⁿ (kkǫ) - root of a plant;
sinew, string, line
▶ Dhegiha: moⁿ-de koⁿ
(móⁿdekoⁿ) - bowstring [Omaha/Ponca]; miⁿ-dse ʰkoⁿ
(míⁿ-dse-ḳoⁿ) - bowstring, “bow sinew”, trigger
[FL-Osage]; miⁿ-tse kaⁿ (mį́ceʰką) - bowstring,
trigger [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-je kaⁿ (míⁿje kaⁿ) -
bowstring, trigger [Kaw]
string, pull a bowstring
▶
maⁿ-te di-taⁿ (mą́tte dittą́) - pull a bowstring
▶ bdi-taⁿ
(bdíttą) - I, ti-taⁿ (ttíttą) - you
▶ cf.
maⁿ-te (mą́tte) - bow; di-taⁿ (dittą́)
- pull with the hands, tug; maⁿ di-taⁿ (mądíttą) -
shoot, pull the bow
▶ Dhegiha:
moⁿ-de (móⁿde) - a bow [Omaha/Ponca]; maⁿ-de
(mánde) - bow [JOD-Omaha]; miⁿ-dse (míⁿ-dse)
- bow [FL-Osage]; miⁿ-tse (mį́ce) - bow
[CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-je (míⁿje) - bow [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha:
thi-daⁿ (¢idáⁿ) - pull [JOD-Omaha]; thi-doⁿ
(thi-dóⁿ) - to pull with the hands; to tug [FL-Osage];
thi-taⁿ (ðiitą́) - pull; drag, tug [CQ-Osage];
yu-daⁿ (yudáⁿ) - pull on something with the hands,
tug on something; drag something [Kaw]
string, sinew, line, root of a plant
▶ koⁿ (kkǫ), kaⁿ (kką)
- root of a plant; sinew, string, line
▶ cf. zhaⁿ-kaⁿ (žą́kką)
- root
▶ ex: hoⁿ-be-koⁿ
(hǫbékkǫ) - shoelaces, moccasin strings
▶ ex: ma-kaⁿ (makką́)
- medicine
▶ ex: maⁿ-te kaⁿ
(mąté-kką) - canoe string/rope [JOD]
▶ ex:
maⁿ-te kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe a-ba-xe (mątté-kką nįkʰe ábaγé) -
I cut the canoe string (with the hatchet) [JOD]
▶ ex:
maⁿ-te kaⁿ-de (mąté-kkąde) - canoe string/rope [JOD];
▶ ex:
maⁿ-te kaⁿ-de ka-ba-xe i-ya-we, iⁿ-spe zhi-ka e i-oⁿ ka-ba-xe
i-ya-we (mątté-kkąde kabáγe iyáwe, į́spe žiká é iǫ́ kabáγe
iyáwe) - she chopped the canoe string/rope in two, they
say, using the hatchet she chopped the string/rope in two, they
say [JOD]
▶ ex: maⁿ-te-kaⁿ
(mą́ttekką́) - bow string
▶ ex: ta-kaⁿ (ttakką́)
- thread, deer’s sinew
▶ ex: wa-hi ko-ke kaⁿ
(wahí kkóke kką́) - fishing line
▶ ex: wa-pa-iⁿ kaⁿ
(wappaį́ kką) - vein, artery
▶ Dhegiha: kaⁿ (k͓aⁿ)
- a root; sinew; muscle; a vein or artery; something used for
tying [JOD-Omaha]; koⁿ (koⁿ) - blood vessel; neins
[Omaha]; ʰkoⁿ (ḳoⁿ) - roots of trees or plants; a
vein, or blood vessel [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ (ʰką́), ʰkoⁿ (ʰkǫ́)
- vein, artery, blood vessel [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ (kaⁿ)
- vein or artery, root [Kaw]
string, small string
▶ wa-hi-oⁿ zhi-ka (wahíǫ
žíka) - little rope, string [MS]
▶ wa-hi-oⁿ zhiⁿ-ka
(wahíǫ žį́ka), wa-hi-oⁿ zhi-ka (wahíǫ žíka) - small
string
▶ cf. wa-hi-oⁿ (wahíǫ)
- string, thread, lariat; zhi-ka (žíka) - small,
little; ni-ka wa-hi-oⁿ (níkka wahíǫ) - rope;
ma-ze wa-hi-oⁿ o-na-x’oⁿ (máze wáhiǫ onáxʔǫ) -
telegraph wire; ma-ze wa-hi-oⁿ o-na-x’oⁿ i-ka-xe (máze
wáhiǫ onáxʔǫ ikáγe) - telegraph
string, split or
pull off string
▶
di-ste (disté) - split or pull off string
▶ bdi-ste
(bdíste) - I, ti-ste (ttíste) - you
▶ cf.
di-ste-ste (distéste) - pull into shreds, slivers;
ba-ste (basté) - cut into, gash; ba-ste-ste
(bastéste) - cut to shreds, stab repeatedly;
bi-ste (bisté) - split, gash; bi-ste-ste
(bistéste) - split repeatedly, shred; da-ste
(dasté) - split with teeth; da-ste-ste (dásteste)
- chew into slivers; ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split
something; ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to
shreds/slivers; naⁿ-ste (nąsté) - kick a gash in
something; naⁿ-ste-ste (nąstéste) - kick or tread
to pieces; pa-ste (páste) - gash, cut with a knife
blade; pa-ste-ste (pásteste) - cut to slivers,
split often; po-ste (póste) - graze shooting and
gash; po-ste-ste (pósteste) - shoot or punch to
slivers
string, thread, lariat
▶ wa-hi-oⁿ (wahíǫ)
- string, thread, lariat
▶ ex: wa-hi-oⁿ zhi-ka
(wahíǫ žíka) - little rope, string [MS]
▶ ex: wa-hi-oⁿ zhiⁿ-ka
(wahíǫ žį́ka), wa-hi-oⁿ zhi-ka (wahíǫ žíka)
- small string
▶ ex: ni-ka wa-hi-oⁿ
(níkka wahíǫ) - rope
▶ ex: ma-ze wa-hi-oⁿ
o-na-x’oⁿ (máze wáhiǫ onáxʔǫ) - telegraph wire
▶ ex: ma-ze wa-hi-oⁿ
o-na-x’oⁿ i-ka-xe (máze wáhiǫ onáxʔǫ ikáγe) - telegraph
strings, shoestrings, shoelaces, moccasin strings
▶
hoⁿ-be-koⁿ (hǫbékkǫ) - shoelaces, moccasin strings
▶ cf.
hoⁿ-be (hǫbé), hoⁿ-pe (hǫpé) - shoes, moccasins;
koⁿ (kkǫ), kaⁿ (kką) - root of a plant; sinew, string,
line
▶ Dhegiha:
hiⁿ-be koⁿ (hiⁿbékoⁿ) - moccasin strings
[Omaha/Ponca]; hiⁿ-be goⁿ (hiⁿbe goⁿ),
hiⁿ-be koⁿ (hiⁿbe koⁿ) - shoelace [Omaha]; hoⁿ-be
ʰkoⁿ (hoⁿ-be ḳoⁿ) - moccasin or shoe string [FL-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha:
koⁿ (koⁿ) - sinew, root, string [Omaha/Ponca];
koⁿ (koⁿ) - blood vessel, veins, artery, root, string
[Omaha]; ʰkoⁿ (ʰkoⁿ) - a vein or blood vessel,
roots of trees or plants, sinew [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ (ʰką́),
ʰkoⁿ (ʰkǫ́) - vein, artery, blood vessel
[CQ-Osage]; k’aⁿ (kʔą) - root [CQ-Osage];
kaⁿ (kaⁿ) - vein, artery, root, sinew, string
[Kaw]
strip off, as leaves
▶ di-ka (diká) -
strip off, as leaves
▶ bdi-ka (bdíka)
- I, ti-ka (ttíka) - you
▶ Dhegiha: thi-ga
(thigá) - to pull the husk from an ear of corn; to husk
corn [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-ga (thi-gá) - to husk corn
[FL-Osage]; yu-ga (yugá) - husk corn, shell nuts
[Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: wa-thi-ga
(wathi ga) - husk corn [Omaha]; wa-thi-ga
(wa-thí-ga), wa-thu-ga (wa-thú-ga) - to husk corn
[FL-Osage]
strip one’s clothing off
▶ wa-di-ha-ki-zhi
(wadíhakkíži) - strip one’s clothing off
▶ wa-di-ha-a-ki-zhi
(wadíhaakkíži) - I, wa-di-ha-da-ki-zhi
(wadíhadakkíži) - you, wa-di-ha-oⁿ-ki-zhi-we
(wadíhaǫ́kkižiwe) - we
▶ cf. di-ha-knaⁿ
(dihákną) - take off, remove a garment
striped
▶ kde-ze (kdezé) -
striped
▶ cf. kde-za-za (kdezáza)
- striped in rows; di-kde-ze
(díkdeze) - make
grooves; to make striped
▶ ex:
ke kde-ze (kké kdéze) - striped land turtle; terrapin
▶ ex: pi-de
kde-ze hi (ppíde kdéze hi) - red oak, lit. “striped
tree”
▶ Dhegiha:
gthe-ze (gthéze)
- striped [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-ze (gtheze) -
striped [Omaha]
gthe-ze (gthe-çé)
- striped [FL-Osage]; le-ze (léze) - striped,
lined [CQ-Osage]; le-ze (lezé) - striped [Kaw]
striped in rows
▶ kde-za-za (kdezáza)
- striped in rows
▶ cf.
kde-ze (kdezé) - striped
▶ Dhegiha:
gthe-za-za (gthezáza) - striped, streaked,
figured, striped or streaked in many places; figured striped, as
calico or dimity [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-za-za (gthe-çá-ça)
- striped (in parts) [FL-Osage]; le-za-za (lezáza)
- striped here and there or with many stripes [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha:
gthe-ze (gthéze)
- striped [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-ze (gtheze) -
striped [Omaha]
gthe-ze (gthe-çé)
- striped [FL-Osage]; le-ze (léze) - striped,
lined [CQ-Osage]; le-ze (lezé) - striped [Kaw]
striped land turtle
▶
ke kde-ze (kké kdéze) - striped land turtle
▶
ke kde-ze (kké kdéze) - turtle, terrapin [MS]
▶ cf.
ke (kke) - turtle; kde-ze (kdezé) -
striped
▶ Dhegiha:
ke gthe-ze (kégtheçe) - tortoise, striped turtle
[Omaha]; ʰke gthe-ze (ḳe-gthé-çe) - box turtle,
“striped turtle” [FL-Osage]; ke le-ze (kè léze) -
striped turtle, a land turtle, the male of which has red eyes
[Kaw]
striped tree, red oak
▶
pi-de kde-ze hi (ppíde kdéze hi) - red oak, lit.
“striped tree”
▶ cf.
pi-de (ppíde) - acorn, acorns; kde-ze (kdezé)
- striped; hi (hi) - tree, bush, vine, stalk, leg
▶ Dhegiha:
bu-de hi (búde hi) - red oak [Omaha]; ʰpi-si
hi (p̣i-çí hi) - red oak tree (Quercus rubra)
[FL-Osage]; ʰpi-su hu (ʰpisúhu) - oak, lit.,
“acorn tree” [CQ-Osage]; pu-su hu (pusúhu) - jack
oak, a species that bears smallest acorns [Kaw]
striped, to make striped
▶
di-kde-ze (díkdeze)
- make grooves; to make striped
▶ cf. di (di) -
by hand, pulling; cause by using the hands; kde-ze (kdezé)
- striped
▶ ex: maⁿ di-kde-ze (mą
díkdeze) - groove in an arrow shaft
▶ Dhegiha: thi-gthe-ze
(thigthéze) - to make striped by drawing something over
or across an object [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-gthe-ze
(thi-gthé-çe) - to draw stripes [FL-Osage];
yu-le-ze (yuléze) - striped, draw stripes on; to make
striped by drawing something over or across an object [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: moⁿ
thu-gthe-ze (móⁿ-thu-gthe-çe) - the grooves made in an
arrow shaft [FL-Osage]; maⁿ yu-le-ze (máⁿ yuléze)
- groove in an arrow shaft, screw of any sort [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: u-thi-gthe-ze
(uthígtheze) - screw [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-gthe-ze
(uthígtheçe) - screw [Omaha]
stripped to the waist
▶ do-ka-niⁿ (dokkánį),
to-ka-niⁿ (tokkánį) - naked to the waist; stripped to
the waist
▶ aⁿ-to-ka-ni (ątókkani)
- I’m, di-to-ka-ni (ditókkani) - you’re
▶ ex:
to-ka-ni o-zha (tokkáni óža) - war dance, “no shirt
dance” [MS]
▶ ex: zho do-ka-niⁿ hi
(žó dokkánį hí) - naked, nude
▶ ex: i-ti-knaⁿ naⁿ-hi
i-ti-knaⁿ pa naⁿ ni-ka naⁿ-haⁿ ke, do-ka-ni hi pa naⁿ (ittíkną
ną́hi ittíkną pá ną níkka nąhą́ ke, dokkáni hi pá ną) -
the grown men only wore a breach cloth, they were naked to the
waist (no shirt) [JOD]
▶ ex: si do-ka-niⁿ (si
dókkanį́) - to be barefoot
▶ Dhegiha: nu-ka-thiⁿ
(nuká¢iⁿ) - naked, stripped to the waist [JOD-Omaha];
tho-ʰka-thiⁿ (tho-ḳá-thiⁿ), thu-ʰka-thiⁿ (thú-ḳa-thiⁿ),
nu-ʰka-thiⁿ (nu-ḳa-thiⁿ) - stripped to the waist; nude,
naked [FL-Osage]; yo-ka-yiⁿ (yokáyiⁿ) - naked,
stripped to the waist [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: ha
thu-ka-thiⁿ-i (há¢uká¢iⁿi) - naked [JOD-Omaha]; ha
thu-ga-thiⁿ (ha thúgathiⁿ) - naked, nude, bare [Omaha]
strips, slice meat
into thin strips on something
▶
a-ka (áka) - cut (slice) on something; slice meat into
thin strips on something
▶ a-a-ka (áaka) - I, a-da-ka (ádaka)
- you, oⁿ-ka-ka-we (ǫ́kakawe) - we
▶ Dhegiha:
a-ga (á-ga) - to cut an object into thin slices or
strips on something [JOD-Omaha]; wa-ga (wága) - of
a-ga (aga), to cut meat into slices [Omaha/Ponca];
a-ga (á-ga) - to slice meat for drying [FL-Osage]
strong or extreme urge to
▶ ti-aⁿ a-ta-ha (tią́
áttaha) - strong or extreme urge to
▶ cf. ti-aⁿ (tią́)
- to feel like, somewhat; a-ta-ha (áttaha) - too,
exceedingly, much, very, often, always
▶ ex: a-te-zhe ti-aⁿ
a-ta-ha (atéže tią́ attahá) - I urinate/felt an
inclination/exceedingly [JOD]
▶ ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-kaⁿ
niⁿ haⁿ-pa haⁿ-ke taⁿ a-te-zhe ti-aⁿ a-ta-ha (kóišǫ́ttą éką nį
hąp͓á hąke tą́ atéže tią́ attahá) - so then it was
almost day when I had a strong urge to urinate [JOD]
strong smell, offensive smell
▶ zaⁿ-ze (zą́ze)
- offensive smell, strong smell
▶ ex: to-si zaⁿ-ze (tosí
zą́ze) - armpit odor
▶ ex: zaⁿ-ze hi! (zązé
hi!) - offensive odor/very [JOD]
▶ ex: zaⁿ-ze hi! (zązé
hi!) - you very malodorous one! [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: zaⁿ-ze
(záⁿ-ze) - applicable to the strong odor of a negro,
goat, buck, or that of a male of the black-tailed deer during
the rutting season [JOD-Omaha]; zoⁿ-ze (zóⁿze) -
musky, smelly [Omaha/Ponca]; zoⁿ-ze (zoⁿze) -
stink [Omaha]; zaⁿ-zi (zą́zi) - sour odor, acrid
smell (such as armpit odor or onion smell [CQ-Osage]
strong, be strong, with an effort,
all one’s might
▶ wa-shkaⁿ (wašką́)
- strong, be strong, with an effort, all one’s might
▶ a-wa-shkaⁿ (awášką)
- I, da-wa-shkaⁿ (dawášką) - you
▶ wa-shkaⁿ (wašką́)
- strong [ASG]
▶ cf. wa-shkaⁿ-hi
(wašką́hi), wa-shkoⁿ-hi (waškǫ́hi) - hard,
with great effort; wa-shkoⁿ-hi a-ki-di-taⁿ (waškǫ́hi
ákkidittą́) - to pull hard on; wa-shkaⁿ-hi ka-xe
(wašką́hi káγe) - strengthen, make strong;
wa-shkaⁿ taⁿ-ka (wašką́ttąka) - powerful, all-powerful
▶ ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ a-shi
toⁿ-we-ki-ki shoⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ kde shoⁿ-niⁿ hi-pʰe i-ya-we
(kóišǫ́ttą áši tǫ́wekikí šǫ-nį́ wašką́ kdé šǫ-nį́ hipʰé iyáwe)
- then she looked back at him repeatedly as she tried with all
her might to get home, she fell, they say [JOD]
▶ ex: wa-shkaⁿ pʰi
maⁿ-te kʰe-ti (wášką pʰí mątté kʰettí) - I was trying
with all my effort to reach there, to the canoe [JOD]
▶ ex: taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ
kde (ttą́nį wašką́ kdé) - running with all her might,
she went home [JOD]
▶ ex: taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ
a-kde maⁿ-te kʰe-ti (ttą́nį wášką akdé mątté kʰettí) -
running with all my might, I started back to the canoe [JOD]
▶ ex: e-ta hi ki taⁿ,
a-ki-ta taⁿ taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ, a-kde maⁿ-te e-ti (étta hí kí tą,
akítta tą ttą́nį wášką, akdé mątté ettí) - when he
reached there, I rose and running with all my might, I started
back to the canoe [JOD]
▶ ex:
i-e wa-shkaⁿ-hi aⁿ-da-ki-de (íe wašką́hi ą́dakide) -
make loud talking (talk louder to me) [MS]
▶ Dhegiha: wa-shkaⁿ
(wa-ckáⁿ) - an effort, attempt; to make an effort or
attempt; to persevere; to be active, play a prominent part
[JOD-Omaha]; wa-shkoⁿ (washkoⁿ) - energy [Omaha];
wa-shkoⁿ (wa-shkóⁿ) - strength, might, force,
power, to struggle hard, effort, to make an effort [FL-Osage];
wa-shkaⁿ (waašką́) - try hard, do one's best, make
an effort, struggle, strength, might, force, power [CQ-Osage];
wa-shkaⁿ (washkáⁿ) - try, do one’s best, make an
effort [Kaw]
strong, make strong
▶
wa-shkaⁿ-hi ka-xe (wašką́hi káγe) - strengthen, make
strong
▶ cf.
wa-shkaⁿ (wašką́) - strong, be strong;
wa-shkaⁿ-hi (wašką́hi), wa-shkoⁿ-hi (waškǫ́hi) - hard,
with great effort; wa-shkoⁿ-hi a-ki-di-taⁿ (waškǫ́hi
ákkidittą́) - to pull hard on; wa-shkaⁿ taⁿ-ka
(wašką́ttąka) - powerful, all-powerful; wa-shkaⁿ
taⁿ-ka (wa-ckáⁿ táñ-k͓a) - a nickname of te zhi-ka
(tejik͓a) of the Buffalo gens; All Powerful [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
wa-shkoⁿ-hi (washkóⁿhi) - Strength (of Thunder),
name [Omaha]
▶ Dhegiha:
wa-shkaⁿ (wa-ckaⁿ) - to make an effort or attempt;
to persevere; an effort, attempt [JOD-Omaha]; wa-shkoⁿ
(washkoⁿ) - energy [Omaha]; wa-shkoⁿ (wa-shkóⁿ)
- strength, might, force, power, to struggle hard, effort, to
make an effort [FL-Osage]; wa-shkaⁿ (waašką́) -
try hard, do one’s best, make an effort, struggle, strength,
might, force, power [CQ-Osage]; wa-shkaⁿ (washkáⁿ)
- try, do one's best, make an effort [Kaw]
struggle kicking
▶ o-naⁿ-sha-sha
(oną́šaša) - struggle kicking
▶ o-a-naⁿ-sha-sha
(oánąšaša) - I, o-da-naⁿ-sha-sha (odánąšaša)
- you
▶ cf. naⁿ (naⁿ)
- by action of the foot
stubby, short
▶
te-shka (ttešká)
- short, stubby
▶ ex: ma-ze te-shka
(mazé ttéška) - pistol
▶ ex: bi-te-shka
(bittešká) - press down, rub down
▶ ex: da-te-shka
(dattešká) - bite off, shorten
▶ ex: di-te-shka
(dittešká), (dittéška) - shorten, cut short, saw off
▶ ex: ka-te-shka
(kattešká) - shorten by chopping of
▶ ex: pa-te-shka
(pátteška) - cut short with a knife
▶ ex: po-te-shka
(pótteška) - shorten by shooting or punching
▶ ex: ta-te-shka
(tátteška) - shorten by burning, burn off
ta-te-shka-de (tátteškade)
- shorten by burning, burn off
▶ Dhegiha: te-shka
(téshka), che-shka (chéshka), chʰe-shka (chʰéshka) -
short [Omaha/Ponca]; je-shka (jéshka) - short
[Omaha]; ʰtse-shka (ṭse shka) - short, stunted
[FL-Osage]
stuck or mired in mud
▶ o-ka-kdo (okákdo)
- become mired or stuck in mud
▶ cf. ma-ni-ka o-ka-kdo
(maníkka okákdo) - quicksand; kdo-kdo (kdókdo)
- slimy, muddy, ropy, viscous; we-ka-kdo-kdo (wékakdókdo)
- gravy; di-kdo-kdo (dikdókdó) - mash, make mushy;
wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wažǫ́ke skíde kdókdo) -
molasses, syrup, “ropy sugar”;
wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wažǫ́ke skíde kdókdo) - syrup
[OM]; a-be-di-kno-kno (ahpeh-dihknokenoh) -
cabbage (choux) [GI]; a-be-jhi-ʰnoⁿ-ʰnoⁿ (abeǰíʰnǫʰnǫ)
- cabbage [AG, OM]
▶ ex: o-ka-kdo niⁿ
(okákdo nį́) - he sank in the hole [JOD]
stuff, things, people, folks, they,
them
▶
wa (wa)
- things, stuff, people, folks, they, them
▶ Dhegiha:
wa (wa)
- a syllable used in different ways: a fragment pronoun denoting
the plural animate objects, them, of verbs; a fragment pronoun
denoting the plural animate objects of verbs in a; a sign of the
subject of an action [Omaha/Ponca]; wa (wa) -
things; a thing which; thing [FL-Osage]; wa (wa)
-things, stuff; people, folks; they; them [CQ-Osage];
wa (wa)
- “them”: plural object marker [Kaw]
stumble and fall, to trip
▶ hi-pʰe (hipʰé)
- fall, to stumble and fall, to trip
▶ a-hi-pʰe (ahipʰé)
- I
▶ ex: a-hi-pʰe (ahipʰé)
- I fell down [JOD]
▶ ex: a-shi a-toⁿ-we taⁿ
a-hi-pʰe, maⁿ-da hi a-zhaⁿ, wa-tʰe aⁿ-ka-ze hi kaⁿ hi a-zhaⁿ,
e-shoⁿ t’e paⁿ-ze miⁿ-kʰe (áši atǫ́we tą ahipʰé, mąda hí ažą́,
watʰé ąkaze hí ką́ hi ažą́, éšǫ́ tʔe ppą́ze mįkʰe) -
when I looked back I fell down, I laid there on my back, my
dress flew up on me, so I laid there pretending to be dead [JOD]
▶ ex: hi-pʰe (hipʰé)
- she fell [JOD]
▶ ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ a-shi
toⁿ-we-ki-ki shoⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ kde shoⁿ-niⁿ hi-pʰe, i-ya-we
(kóišǫ́ttą áši tǫ́wekikí šǫ-nį́ wašką́ kdé šǫ-nį́ hipʰé, iyáwe)
- then she looked back at him repeatedly as she tried with all
her might to get home, she fell, they say [JOD]
▶ ex: hi-pʰe kʰe (hipʰé
kʰé) - she fell/the reclining object = she lay [JOD]
▶ ex: hi-pʰe kʰe taⁿ hi,
i-ya-we (hipʰé kʰé tą hí, iyáwe) - she had fallen when
he arrived, they say [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: hi-pshe
(hí-pshe) - to stumble and fall, to trip [FL-Osage];
hi-pshe (hípše) - stumble and fall [CQ-Osage];
hi-phe (híphe) - fall down [Kaw]
stump of a tree
▶ zhaⁿ
paⁿ-haⁿ (žą́ ppą́hą) -
stump of a tree
▶ cf. zhoⁿ (žǫ́), zhaⁿ
(žą) wood, tree
subsequently, thence
▶ e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ettítʰą),
e-ti-taⁿ (ettítą) - thence, subsequently [JOD]
▶ ex: e-ti-tʰaⁿ wa-x’o
zhi-ka niⁿ di-sh’a (ettítʰą waxʔó žiká nį dišʔá) - then
the old woman gave out [JOD]
▶ ex: e-ti-tʰaⁿ i-naⁿ-pa
niⁿ di-sh’a (ettítʰą ínąp͓á nį dišʔá) - then the second
one gave out [JOD]
▶ ex: e-ti-tʰaⁿ
i-da-bniⁿ di-sh’a (ettítʰą ídabnį dišʔá) - then the
third one gave out [JOD]
▶ ex: “wi-taⁿ-niⁿ hi
wa-te-paⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe, e-ti-tʰaⁿ o-kda-x’a-x’a-we
ka!” i-we-ke i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (wíttąnį hi
wattéppą́ tta mįkʰé ettítʰą okdáxʔaxʔá-we ká iwéke iyá maštį́ke
tʰą) - “I will give the attack cry first, immediately
afterward you must give the scalp yell,” the rabbit said to
them, it is said (they say) [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: e-di-taⁿ
(edítaⁿ) - thence [JOD-Omaha]; e-dsi-toⁿ
(e-dsí-toⁿ) - thence; from that place [FL-Osage]
substance, apply substance like salve
▶ i-di-shki (ídiški)
- apply substance like salve
▶ i-bdi-shki (íbdiški)
- I, i-ti-shki (íttiški) - you
substance, mix sticky substance with
hands
▶ di-ske (diské)
- mix sticky substance with hands
▶ bdi-ske (bdíske)
- I, ti-ske (ttíske) - you
substitute, work as a substitute
▶ ki-ti-zho (kíttižo)
- work as a substitute
▶ a-ti-zho (áttižo)
- I, da-ti-zho (dáttižo) - you
▶ cf.
di-zho (dižó)
- work, hire oneself out
succession, one after another in
quick succession
▶ a-ki-kde-kde
(ákkikdekde) - one after another in quick succession,
e.g. shots, events
▶ ex: a-ki-kde-kde ki-te
(ákkikdekde kkítte) - to shoot at in quick succession,
fire a volley
succession, pull out one’s own in
quick succession
▶ wa-kdi-sti-sti-te
(wákdistístitte) - pull out one’s own in quick
succession
▶ kdi-sti-sti-te
(kdístistítte) - pull out one’s own repeatedly, as
arrows from a quiver
▶ cf. kdi-sti-te
(kdístitte) - pull out one’s own (bow, etc.);
di-sti-te (distítte) - pull out, pull open, to milk;
ma-ze-ni di-sti-te (mazéni distítte) - to milk an
animal
▶ ex: wa-kdi-sti-sti-te
(wákdistístitte) - pulling out his own in quick
succession [JOD]
▶ ex: e-shoⁿ maⁿ
wa-kdi-sti-sti-te ki naⁿ (ešǫ́ mą́ wákdistístitte kí ną)
- and as he was coming, he was pulling out his arrows, one after
another [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
gthi-sniⁿ-sniⁿ-de (g¢ís͓niⁿs͓nińde) - to pull out one
after another of his own aroows, etc.; pulled out several off
his own [JOD-Omaha]; gthi-sniⁿ-de (g¢ísninde) -
pulled his out [JOD-Omaha]
succession, to shoot at in quick
succession
▶
a-ki-kde-kde ki-te (ákkikdekde
kkítte) - to shoot at
in quick succession; fire a volley
▶ cf. a-ki-kde-kde (ákkikdekde)
- one after another in quick succession, e.g. shots, events;
indirectly, not even second hand; ki-te (kkítte) -
shoot at something; to shoot;
o-ki-kde-kde (ókikdékde)
- set up in a row [JOD]; a-ki-kde-kde a-na-x’oⁿ
(ákkikdekde anáxʔǫ) - I heard it indirectly
such and such, expresses uncertainty
▶ te te (tte tté)
- such and such, expresses uncertainty, hoⁿ-niⁿ-taⁿ te te
(hǫnį́ttą tte tté)
▶ cf. e-te te (étte tté)
- perhaps, maybe; wi-e te-te (wíettetté) - I or
whoever was meant
▶ ex: a-te-zhe naⁿ,
“ta-taⁿ ke aⁿ-te-zhe hi-de, mi-ka-x’e aⁿ-te-zhe hi-de e-te te,”
i-ye (atéže ną, “táttą ke ą́teže hidé, mikkáxʔe ą́teže hidé étte
tte,” iyé) - when I urinated, “what is this urinating on
me, I wonder if it’s the stars urinating on me,” he said [JOD]
▶ ex: koi ta-taⁿ
te-zha-i ke, mi-ka-x’e aⁿ-te-zha-i ke e-te te (kói ttátą téžai
ké, mikkáxʔe ątežai ke étte tte) - what is that
urinating, I wonder if the stars are urinating one me' (JOD)]
▶ ex: i-shpa-haⁿ-we a,
e-te-te (íšpahąwé a, étte tte) - do
you’all know? I wonder. [JOD]
▶ ex:
iⁿ-ta-te, toⁿ ha-ki e-hi-te e-ti niⁿ-kʰa-zhi hi taⁿ
kaⁿ-aⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe e-te te (įttátte, ttǫ́ hakí ehitté ettí nįkʰaží
hi tą́ ką-ąnį́kʰe étte tté) - father, is there not a
village anywhere, I wonder if we are alone [JOD]
▶ ex:
e-ti a-shka hi ti-kde e-ti-tʰaⁿ-zhi e-te te (étti ašká hi
ttíkde ettítʰąží étte tté) - I wonder, is there not a
lodge very near [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
tʰe-iⁿ-tʰe (tʰéiⁿtʰe) - perhaps; probably; it may
be; in spoke questions, should [Omaha/Ponca]; e-iⁿ-te
(éiⁿtʰe) - if, perhaps, maybe [Omaha/Ponca]
sucker fish
▶ ho bdo-ka (ho bdóka)
- sucker, lit. “round fish”
▶ cf. ho (ho) -
fish; bdo-ka (bdóka) - circular, round, whole,
entire
▶ Dhegiha: hu bthu-ga
(hubthúga) - round fish [Omaha/Ponca]
suckle
▶
ma-ze k’i (mazé kʔí)
- to suckle
▶ cf.
ma-ze (mazé)
- breast; k’i (kʔi) - give something to someone
▶ ex:
ma-ze k’i (mazé kʔí)
- breast/give to her [JOD]
▶ ex: “ma-ze k’i,” i-he
(“mazé kʔí,”
ihé) - I said, “let
her suckle” [JOD]
▶ ex: ma-ze k’i, xa-ke
niⁿ-kʰe (mazé kʔí,
γaké nįkʰé) - let her
suckle, she’s crying [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: ba-ze k’i
(ba-çé-k’i) - to act of a mother suckling her child
[FL-Osage]
▶
ma-ze (mazé)
- suck at the breast
▶ a-ma-ze (amaze)
- I, da-ma-ze (damáze) - you
▶
ma-ze (mazé)
- breast
▶ Dhegiha: ma-ze iⁿ
(mazéiⁿ) - to use the breasts; to suck, as infants or
the young of animals such the breasts of the mother
[Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-ze iⁿ (moⁿçe iⁿ) - breast feed
[Omaha]; ba-ze iⁿ (ba-çé iⁿ) - a child suckling at
its mother’s breast [FL-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha: ma-ze (mazé)
- the female breasts; the udder of a cow, etc. [Omaha/Ponca];
moⁿ-ze (moⁿze) - breast [Omaha]; moⁿ-ze
(moⁿ-çé) - a woman’s breast [FL-Osage]; ba-ze
(ba-çé) - a woman’s breast; udder [FL-Osage];
pa-ze (paazé) - breast, udder [CQ-Osage]; ba-ze
(bazé) - breast [Kaw]
sudden, make sudden leaps
▶ zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakká iną́ną), zha-ko-i-naⁿ-naⁿ (žakkoinąną) - jump,
make sudden leaps
▶ cf. zha-koi-de
(žakkóide), (žakoide) - jump; zha-ka i-de (žákka
íde), zha-koi-de (žakóide) - jump a rope;
i-naⁿ-naⁿ (iną́ną) - unsteady, ungainly; suddenly and
often
▶ ex: zha-ko-i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakóiną́ną) - he leaped often, or each time [JOD]
▶ ex: zha-ko-i-naⁿ-na
ka-xe (žakkóinąną́ kaγé) - make a horse prance
▶ ex: zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakká iną́ną) - leaping at intervals [JOD]
▶ ex: ma-shtiⁿ-ke zha-ka
i-naⁿ-naⁿ shoⁿ kniⁿ naⁿ, i-ya (maštį́ke žakká iną́ną šǫ knį́ ną,
i-ya) - Rabbit jumped about continually, it is said
[JOD]
sudden, repeat a sudden action
▶ tʰi-kda-kda (tʰíkdakdá)
- repeat a sudden action
▶ cf. tʰi-kde (tʰikdé)
- become suddenly; tʰi-he
(tʰihé) - becomes in a
lg. line; to have become suddenly;
tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- pass by, come forth at birth, to begin suddenly;
tʰi-da-da (tʰidáda) - start now and then to do something
▶ ex:
i-ye tʰi-kda-kda-pa (íye
tʰíkdakdá-ppa) -
to speak/they begin suddenly now and then/the ones who
[JOD]
▶ ex: “e-ska,
wi-zhiⁿ-ke, shi-zhi-ka o-ki-ki-e i-ye tʰi-kda-kda-pa e-koⁿ kaⁿ,”
i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke (“éska, wižį́ke, šižíka okkíkkie íye
tʰíkdakdá-ppa ekǫ́ kką,” iyí iyá maštį́ke) - “oh my son
I hope that you become like children who begin to talk, saying
words here and there, not speaking plainly or connectedly,” it
is said Rabbit said [JOD]
▶
Dhegiha: tʰi-gtha-gtha
(tʰigthágtha) -
denotes sudden action at intervals [Omaha/Ponca]
▶ Dhegiha:
tʰi-gthe (tʰígthe)
- expressive of sudden action; used after other verbs
[Omaha/Ponca]; ʰtsi-gthe
(ṭsi-gthé) - denoting
sudden action; sudden; suddenly [FL-Osage]
sudden, sign of sudden effect
▶ i-naⁿ (iną́) -
sign of sudden effect, sent. final
▶ ex: i-naⁿ (iną́)
- it alighted suddenly [JOD]
▶ ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ
iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de naⁿ ka-xo-wa-de i-naⁿ, i-ya-we (kóišǫ́ttą į́tʰį
déde ną kaxówade iną́, iyáwe) - then he threw the
club/stick, when it alighted suddenly making the sound “po”
from hitting the ground, they say [JOD]
▶ ex: i-naⁿ (iną́)
- suddenly (personat) [JOD]
▶ ex: hoⁿ-zhi, wi-ti-mi,
wi-e-taⁿ aⁿ-na-xi-da shtaⁿ i-naⁿ (hǫží, wíttimí, wiéhittą́
ąnáγida štą́ iną́) - Nonsense, my aunt (my father’s
sister), even I am often scared [JOD]
suddenly
▶ na-xi-da-hi
(náxidáhi), na-xi-bda-hi (náxibdáhi) -
suddenly
▶ ex: na-xi-da-hi
aⁿ-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (náxidahi ą́hąnąppáze) - it got dark
around me suddenly
▶ Dhegiha:i-e-na-xi-tha
(iénaxítha), i-e-na-xi-the (iénaxíthe) - to attack one,
to make a sudden dash or swoop on one; to pursue a buffalo; to
make a sudden lash on the buffalo; the true idea seems to be
this: to make a sudden dash, swoop, raid, or incursion on foes
[Omaha/Ponca]
suddenly and often
▶ i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(iną́ną) - suddenly and often [JOD]
▶ i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(iną́ną) - unsteady, ungainly
▶ ex: zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakká iną́ną), zha-ko-i-naⁿ-naⁿ (žakkoinąną) - jump,
make sudden leaps
▶ ex: zha-ko-i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakóiną́ną) - he leaped often, or each time [JOD]
▶ ex: zha-ko-i-naⁿ-na
ka-xe (žakkóinąną́ kaγé) - make a horse prance
▶ ex: zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ
(žakká iną́ną) - leaping at intervals [JOD]
▶ ex: ma-shtiⁿ-ke zha-ka
i-naⁿ-naⁿ shoⁿ kniⁿ naⁿ, i-ya (maštį́ke žakká iną́ną šǫ knį́ ną,
i-ya) - Rabbit jumped about continually, it is said
[JOD]
suddenly, become suddenly
▶
tʰi-kde (tʰikdé)
- become suddenly
▶ cf.
tʰi-kda-kda (tʰíkdakdá)
- repeat a sudden action;
tʰi-he (tʰihé)
- becomes in a lg. line; to have become suddenly;
tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- pass by, come forth at birth, to begin suddenly;
tʰi-da-da (tʰidáda) - start now and then to do something
▶ ex: tʰi-kde (tʰikdé)
- became suddenly [JOD]
▶ ex: e-shoⁿ e-koⁿ xti
tʰi-kde naⁿ, iya (ešǫ́ ekǫ́ xtí tʰikdé ną, iyá) - then
suddenly it became just like that (as Rabbit had hoped), it is
said [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
tʰi-gthe (tʰígthe) - expressive of sudden action;
used after other verbs [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰtsi-gthe (ṭsi-gthé)
- denoting sudden action; sudden; suddenly [FL-Osage]
suddenly, lift or pull up suddenly
▶ di-ha-ta de-de
(dihátta déde) - lift, pull up suddenly
▶ bdi-ha-ta de-a-de
(bdíhatta déade) - I, ti-ha-ta de-da-de (ttíhatta
dédade) - you
▶ cf. di-ha-ta (díhattá)
- lift something; de-de (déde) - sent away,
causative of go; suddenly, forcibly;
ba-ha-ta (bahattá)
- pick up with pointed object;
ba-ha-ta de-de (bahátta déde)
- brush aside; bi-ha-ta
de-de (bihátta déde) -
lever, weight, press on end;
ka-ha-ta de-de (kahátta déde)
- knock aside, turn aside;
naⁿ-ha-ta de-de (nąhátta
déde) - lift with the
foot; po-ha-ta de-de
(póhatta déde) - poke
something in order to lift it
suddenly, push or shove suddenly
▶ ba-xi de-de (baxí
dedé) - push, shove suddenly, forcibly
▶ pa-xi da-a-de (ppáxi déade) - I,
shpa-xi de-da-de (špáxi dédade) - you
▶ cf.
ba-xi (baxí) - push off balance, shove;
de-de (déde)
- sent away, causative of go; suddenly, forcibly;
ba-xi-hi a-de (baxíhi ade) - knock off, push off
▶ ex: ba-xi de-de (baxí
dedé) - he pushed him aside suddenly [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
ba-xi (ba-xí) - to arouse one from sleep by
pushing [FL-Osage]; pa-xi (paaɣí) - push to awaken
or make active, activate by pushing on [CQ-Osage]; ba-xi
(baxí) - rouse by nudging [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: the-the
(théthe) - to cause to go; to send off an object; used
as an auxiliary verb [Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (thethé)
- to go this way (in his own footprints, made previously)
[Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (the the) - start;
send [Omaha]; the-the (¢é¢ĕ) - send suddenly
[JOD-Omaha]; the-the (thé-the)
- to send; to transmit [FL-Osage]; the-the (ðéeðe)
- make go, cause to go; send; mail [CQ-Osage]; ye-ye
(yéye) - auxiliary verb indicating sudden movement or
forceful action; far off, in the distance [Kaw]
suddenly, throw away suddenly
▶ oⁿ-de de-de (ǫ́de
déde) - throw away suddenly
▶ oⁿ-bde de-a-de (ǫ́bde
déadé) - I, oⁿ-te de-da-de (ǫ́tte dédadé)
- you
▶ cf. oⁿ-de (ǫdé)
- throw away, abandon, leave; de-de (déde) - sent
away, causative of go; suddenly, forcibly
▶ ex: oⁿ-de-de (ǫ́dedé)
- threw off suddenly [JOD]
▶ ex: ta-to-ka niⁿ-kʰe
he-be oⁿ-de-de naⁿ, i-ya maⁿ-tʰo (ttatókka nįkʰé hébe ǫ́dedé ną,
iyá mątʰó) - Grizzly bear suddenly threw the piece of
fresh meat (towards Rabbit), it is said [JOD]
▶ ex: oⁿ-da de-da-we
(ǫ́da dédawe) - they threw it away [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: oⁿ-tha
the-the (óⁿtha théthe) - to throw, toss, fling away
[Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ-tha the-the (oⁿtha thethe) -
throw; toss, cast [Omaha]; oⁿ-tha i-the-the (óⁿ-tha
i-the-the) - to fling or to toss [FL-Osage]; oⁿ-ye
ye-ye (óⁿye yéye) - to throw an object [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: oⁿ-tha
(oⁿtha) - to forsake, abandon, leave, throw away
[Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ-tha (oⁿtha) - oust; discard;
abandon; discharge; disqualify; desert; abandoned [Omaha];
oⁿ-tha (óⁿ-tha) - to throw away; to dispense
[FL-Osage]; oⁿ-tha (ǫ́ǫða) - throw away, throw,
leave or quit someone, discard someone or something, toss out
[CQ-Osage]; oⁿ-the (ǫ́ǫðe) - throw away, discard,
leave behind, remove, as from office; quite someone, divorce or
separate from [CQ-Osage]; oⁿ-ye (óⁿye) - leave,
throw away, abandon, forsake [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: the-the
(théthe) - to cause to go; to send off an object; used
as an auxiliary verb [Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (thethé)
- to go this way (in his own footprints, made previously)
[Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (the the) - start; send
[Omaha]; the-the (¢é¢ĕ) - send suddenly
[JOD-Omaha]; the-the (thé-the) - to send; to
transmit [FL-Osage]; the-the (ðéeðe) - make go,
cause to go; send; mail [CQ-Osage]; ye-ye (yéye)
- auxiliary verb indicating sudden movement or forceful action;
far off, in the distance [Kaw]
suddenly, throw something at someone
suddenly
▶
ki-oⁿ-de de-de (kiǫ́de déde)
- throw something at someone suddenly
▶ cf. oⁿ-de de-de (ǫ́de
déde) - throw away suddenly; oⁿ-de (ǫdé) -
throw away, abandon, leave; de-de (déde) - sent
away, causative of go; suddenly, forcibly
▶ ex: ki-oⁿ-de de-de
(kíǫde déde) - he threw it suddenly towards his relation
▶ ex: ki-oⁿ-de de-de
naⁿ, t’e-xti hi zhaⁿ i-ya sni-wa-te (kíǫde déde ną́, tʔéxti hi
žą́ iyá sniwátte) - when he threw it (the head) at him
(Winter), Winter laid there stone cold dead, it is said [JOD]
▶ ex:
kdi-ze naⁿ ki-ki-oⁿ-de de-de (kdizé
ną kíkkiǫ́de d¢éd¢ĕ) -
he took it (his own) and threw it to her [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:
gi-oⁿ-tha (gióⁿtha)
- to abandon, leave, forsake, or throw away his own
[Omaha/Ponca]; gi-oⁿ-tha (gioⁿtha) - discharge,
disqualify [Omaha]; ki-oⁿ-tha (kioⁿtha) - exclude
[Omaha]; ʰki-oⁿ-tha (ḳi-óⁿ-tha) - to throw each
other away; divorce [FL-Osage]; gi-oⁿ-tha (gi-óⁿ-tha)
- to discharge [FL-Osage]; ʰki-oⁿ-the (ʰkíǫðe) -
divorce, throw each other away [CQ-Osage]; ki-oⁿ-tha
(kíǫǫða) - leave behind one’s own [CQ-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha: the-the
(théthe) - to cause to go; to send off an object; used
as an auxiliary verb [Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (thethé)
- to go this way (in his own footprints, made previously)
[Omaha/Ponca]; the-the (the the) - start; send
[Omaha]; the-the (¢é¢ĕ) - send suddenly
[JOD-Omaha]; the-the (thé-the) - to send; to
transmit [FL-Osage]; the-the (ðéeðe) - make go,
cause to go; send; mail [CQ-Osage]; ye-ye (yéye)
- auxiliary verb indicating sudden movement or forceful action;
far off, in the distance [Kaw]
suddenly, to begin suddenly
▶ tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- pass by, come forth at birth, to begin suddenly
▶ a-tʰi-bde (atʰibdé)
- I, da-tʰi-te (datʰitté) - you
▶ tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- to begin, suddenly [JOD]
▶ cf. tʰi-da-da
(tʰidáda) - start now and then to do something;
tʰi-he (tʰihé) -
becomes in a lg. line; to have become suddenly;
tʰi-kde (tʰikdé) - become suddenly;
tʰi-kda-kda (tʰíkdakdá) - repeat a sudden
action
▶ ex: tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- he began [JOD]
▶ ex:
i-pi-da-taⁿ-ti a-ki-ka-shka-i taⁿ o-zha tʰe tʰi-de
(íppidáttąttí ákikaškái tą óža tʰe tʰidé) - he fastened
it (his own) to his belt and began dancing [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: tʰi-the
(ti-¢é) - pass; to begin, commence, or start suddenly;
to come forth, as an infant at birth [JOD-Omaha]; tsi-the
(tsi-the), ʰtsi-e (ṭsi-e) - passing by [FL-Osage];
ʰtsi-the (ṭsi-thé) - he hastened, he began, denoting
sudden action [FL-Osage]; chi-ye (chiyé) -
suddenly, action in this direction [Kaw]
suddenly, to have become suddenly
▶ tʰi-he (tʰihé)
- becomes in a lg. line; to have become suddenly [JOD]
▶ cf.
tʰi-de (tʰidé)
- pass by, come forth at birth, to begin suddenly;
tʰi-da-da (tʰidáda) - start now and then to do
something; tʰi-kde (tʰikdé) - become suddenly;
tʰi-kda-kda (tʰíkdakdá) - repeat a sudden action
▶ ex: haⁿ-ba saⁿ-haⁿ
tʰi-he (hą́ba są́hą tʰihé) - day,
daytime/white in the distance/becomes in a lg. line
▶ ex: haⁿ-ba saⁿ-haⁿ
tʰi-he taⁿ, o-da-kda-x’a-x’a ta-i (hą́ba są́hą tʰihé tą,
odákdaxʔáxʔá ttaí) - when it is daybreak, you’all will
give the scalp yell [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha: tʰi-he
(tʰihé) - marks sudden action, to have become---suddenly
[Omaha/Ponca]
▶ Dhegiha: oⁿ-ba soⁿ
tʰi-he (óⁿba sóⁿ tʰihé)
- the sudden coming hither of the day which is whitish or gray
in the distance; the morning gray [Omaha/Ponca]
suffer
▶ a-kda (ákda) -
suffer
▶ aⁿ-kda (ą́kda),
a-aⁿ-kda (áąkda) - I, a-di-kda (ádikda) -
you, a-kda (ákda) - he/she, wa-kda-we
(wákdawe) - we
▶ ex: aⁿ-kda-xti
(ą́kdaxti) - I suffered exceedingly [JOD]
▶ ex: a-tʰaⁿ-tʰe bdo-ka
aⁿ-kda-xti naⁿ niⁿ-tʰe (atʰą́tte bdóka ą́kdaxti ną́ nitʰé)
- I have suffered exceedingly all the time [JOD]
▶ Dhegiha:’a-gtha
(’ágtha) - suffer, to suffer; to be injured or made sick
by food, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gtha (agtha) -
offend; aggravate; abhor [Omaha]
▶ Dhegiha: a-gtha-ge
(á-gtha-ge) - revulsion [FL-Osage]; a-la-ke
(áalake) - be bothered or annoyed by, be irritated by;
find bothersome [CQ-Osage]
sugar
▶ wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de
(wažǫ́ke skíde) - sugar
▶ wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de
(wažǫ́ke skíde) - sugar [MS, AG, OM]
▶ wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de
(wašǫ́ke skíde) - sugar
▶ cf. wa-shoⁿ-ke
(wašǫ́ke), wa-zhoⁿ-ke (wažǫ́ke) - pulverized, fine;
ski-de (skíde) - sweet
▶ ex: wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de
di-be-bni (wašǫ́ke skíde dibébni) - candy, spiral stick
candy
▶ ex:
wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wašǫ́ke
skíde kdókdo), wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wažǫ́ke skíde kdókdo)
- molasses, syrup, “ropy sugar”
▶ Dhegiha:
wa-shoⁿ-ge (wa-shóⁿ-ge)
- yellow corn that adheres to the teeth when eating it, this
corn is roasted, then pounded into a fine meal [FL-Osage];
ga-shoⁿ-ge (ga-shóⁿ-ge) - to pulverize [FL-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha: ski-the
(skíthe) - sweet, sour [Omaha/Ponca]; ski-the
(çkithe) - sweet [Omaha]; ski-the (çkí-the),
skiu-e (çkiu-e), skiu-the (çkiu-the), sku-the (çku-the)
- sweet [FL-Osage]; sku-the (skúðe), sku-e (skúe)
- sweet [CQ-Osage]; sku-we (skúwe) - sweets, be
sweet [Kaw]
sugar, maple sugar
▶
zhoⁿ ni (žǫní), zhaⁿ ni (žąní) - maple sugar, “tree sap”
▶
zhoⁿ ni (jonnih) - rum, bourbon (rum) [GI]
▶
zhoⁿ ni (jōn-nīh) - water of life, brandy (eau de vie)
[GI]
▶ cf.
zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; ni (ni)
- water, liquid; zhoⁿ-ni hi (žǫní hi) - maple
tree, Acer saccharum
▶ Dhegiha:
zhoⁿ ni (zhoⁿní) - sugar, syrup, honey; “wood
water, wood sap” [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ ni (zhoⁿni) -
sap, candy, fudge, sugar [Omaha]; zhaⁿ ni (jaⁿ-ní)
- “wood water, wood sap,” sugar; syrup; strained honey
[JOD-Omaha]; zhoⁿ ni (zhoⁿní) - sugar, candy,
“wood water” [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ ni (žąąníi)
- sugar, lit., “tree water”, originally referring to maple sap
or syrup [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ ni (zhaⁿní) - sugar,
“tree liquid” [Kaw]
sulphur springs,
the name for two sulphur springs
▶ ni xo-we (ni xówe)
- “mysterious, holy, or sacred water”, the name for two sulphur
springs, one on each side of Tar Creek, Indian Terr. [JOD]
▶ cf. ni (ni) -
water, liquid; xo-we (xówe) - sacred, holy
▶ Dhegiha:
ni (ní) - water [Omaha/Ponca]; ni (ni)
- water, liquid, river [Omaha]; ni (ni) - water,
river, rivulet, creek [FL-Osage]; ni (níi) -
water, any fluid, liquid [CQ-Osage]; ni (ni) -
water, river, any liquid [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: xu-be (xube) - hallowed, holy,
wizard [Omaha]; xu-be (qubé) - sacred [JOD-Omaha];
xu-be (xúbe) - holy, supernatural power, sanctity
[FL-Osage]; xo-pe (xópe) - sacred, consecrated,
holy [CQ-Osage]
sulphur water
▶ ni xwiⁿ (ni xwį) - sulphur spring water,
“stinky water” [OM]
▶ cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid; xwiⁿ
(xwį), xo-wiⁿ (xowį́) - stink, emit offensive odor
▶ Dhegiha:
ni (ní) - water [Omaha/Ponca]; ni (ni)
- water, liquid, river [Omaha]; ni (ni) - water,
river, rivulet, creek [FL-Osage]; ni (níi) -
water, any fluid, liquid [CQ-Osage]; ni (ni) -
water, river, any liquid [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: xwiⁿ (qwiⁿ), xuiⁿ (quíⁿ) -
corrupt, putrid, rotten, offensive, stink, stinking, as carrion
[Omaha/Ponca]; xuiⁿ (xuiⁿ) - stink, stench
[Omaha]; xwiⁿ (xwiⁿ) - fetid, offensive smell
[FL-Osage]; xoiⁿ (ɣoį́) - stink, stinky, fetid
odor or offensive smell [CQ-Osage]
sumac
▶ maⁿ-pi-te (mą́pite)
- sumac, Cherokee sumac
▶ Dhegiha: moⁿ-bi-dse
(móⁿ-bi-dse) - sumac, the smoke of the leaves was very
mild and could be inhaled [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-bu-je (máⁿbuje)
- sumac [Kaw]
▶ ta-ni-ka-hi (taníkahi)
- sumac, lit. “mix with tobacco”
▶ ta-ni-ka-hi (taníkahi) - kinnikinnick
[ASG]
▶ cf. ta-ni (taní), ta-niⁿ
(tanį́) - tobacco; i-ka-hi (íkahi) - mixed
with, to mix ingredients
▶ Dhegiha: ni-ni-ga-hi (ni-ní-ga-hi) -
kinnikkinnick; a leaf mixed with tobacco [FL-Osage];
naⁿ-nu-hu i-ki-a-hiⁿ (nąnúhu íkiahį) - plant to mix with
tobacco (a small, sweet-smelling plant with yellow flowers that
is mixed with tobacco; apparently lit., ‘mix into tobacco’
[CQ-Osage]; naⁿ-nu- i-ga-hi (naⁿnú ígahi) - to
mix tobacco, to make kinnikinnick; kinnikinnick [Kaw]
summer
▶ pe (pe) -
summer
▶ pe (pe) - summer; spring [ASG]
▶ Dhegiha: me (me) -
spring. the spring of the year [Omaha/Ponca]; be (be)
- spring of the year [FL-Osage]; pe (pée) -
springtime, spring [CQ-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha: nu-ge (nugé)
- summer [Omaha/Ponca]; nu-ge (nuge) - summer
[Omaha]; do-ge (do-gé) - summer [FL-Osage];
to-ke (tooké) - summer, when it is summer, summertime
[CQ-Osage]; do-ge (dogé) - summer [Kaw]
▶ pe-taⁿ (péttą) -
summer
▶ Dhegiha: me-daⁿ (me-dáⁿ)
- spring time, in the spring; during the spring [JOD-Omaha];
be-doⁿ (be doⁿ) - in the spring [FL-Osage];
pe-taⁿ (pée tą) - in the spring, in springtime, when it
is spring [CQ-Osage]
summer, in summer
▶ pe-tʰe-ti (petʰétti)
- in summer [JOD]
▶ cf. pe (pe) -
summer; tʰe-ti (tʰétti) - when [JOD]
summer, middle of
summer
▶ pe o-skaⁿ-ska (pé oską́ska) - midsummer
▶ pe o-skaⁿ-ska (pé oską́ska) - middle of
summer [ASG]
▶ cf. pe (pe) -
summer; o-skaⁿ-ska (oskąská) - half in length,
middle
▶ Dhegiha:
o-skoⁿ-ska (o-çkóⁿ çka), u-skoⁿ-ska (u-çkóⁿ-çka) -
center, directly in the center of, in the middle [FL-Osage]
▶ Dhegiha:
o-ʰkoⁿ-ska (o-ḳóⁿ-çka), u-ʰkoⁿ-ska
(u-ḳóⁿ-çka) - the center, middle [FL-Osage];
o-ʰkaⁿ-ska (oʰką́ska) - in the center, middle, at the
halfway point [CQ-Osage]; o-kaⁿ-ska (okáⁿska) -
one half in length or quantity, the middle one, in the middle, a
half dollar, fifty cents [Kaw]
summertime, sun shining
▶ ma-shte pe-taⁿ (mašté
péttą) - summertime, sun shining [MS]
▶ cf. ma-shte (mašté)
- warm, to be warm; west; pe-taⁿ (péttą) - summer
▶ Dhegiha: ma-shte (mashté)
- warm [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿshte) - warm,
sunny day, sunshine [Omaha]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿ-shte), moⁿ-stse
(móⁿ-stse) - hot weather, a hot day [FL-Osage];
maⁿ-shtse (mąąšcé) - be warm weather, hot weather, sunny
weather [CQ-Osage]; mo-shtse (moshcé), ma-sche (masché)
- hot, warm, as weather; be hot, as a person; the warm months,
March through September [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: me-daⁿ (me-dáⁿ)
- spring time, in the spring; during the spring [JOD-Omaha];
be-doⁿ (be doⁿ) - in the
spring [FL-Osage]; pe-taⁿ (pée tą) - in the
spring, in springtime, when it is spring [CQ-Osage]
sun
▶ mi (mi) - sun,
moon, orb
▶ mi (mi) - sun [MS]
▶ mi (mi) - sun [FS]
▶ mi (mí) - sun [ASG]
▶ Dhegiha: miⁿ (miⁿ)
- sun [Omaha/Ponca]; mi (mi) - sun [Omaha];
mi (mi) - sun [FL-Osage]; mi (míi), miⁿ (mį́į)
- sun [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ (míⁿ) - sun [Kaw]
Sun gens (clan)
▶ mi
e-ni-ka-shi-ka (mi énikkašíka) - the Sun gens, obtained
from Alphonsus Valliere
▶ cf.
mi (mi) - sun; ni-ka-shi-ka (níkkašíka)
- people
Sun Low
▶ mi hi-ta (mi hittá) - Sun Low, female
personal name [JOD]
▶ cf. mi (mi) - sun; hi (hi)
- arrive, reach there, have been; ta (tta) - to,
at, toward, in that direction
Sun Passes Along
▶ mi
tʰi-de (mi tʰidé) - Sun Passes Along, female personal
name [JOD]
▶ cf.
mi (mi) - sun; tʰi-de (tʰidé) - pass
by; come forth at birth; to begin suddenly
sun shining,
summertime
▶ ma-shte pe-taⁿ (mašté
péttą) - summertime, sun shining [MS]
▶ cf. ma-shte (mašté)
- warm, to be warm; west; pe-taⁿ (péttą) - summer
▶ Dhegiha: ma-shte (mashté)
- warm [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿshte) - warm,
sunny day, sunshine [Omaha]; moⁿ-shte (moⁿ-shte), moⁿ-stse
(móⁿ-stse) - hot weather, a hot day [FL-Osage];
maⁿ-shtse (mąąšcé) - be warm weather, hot weather, sunny
weather [CQ-Osage]; mo-shtse (moshcé), ma-sche (masché)
- hot, warm, as weather; be hot, as a person; the warm months,
March through September [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: me-daⁿ (me-dáⁿ)
- spring time, in the spring; during the spring [JOD-Omaha];
be-doⁿ (be doⁿ) - in the spring [FL-Osage];
pe-taⁿ (pée tą) - in the spring, in springtime, when it
is spring [CQ-Osage]
sun, dry up and die as vegetation from the sun
▶ ta-ta-xe (táttaxe)
- dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun
▶ cf.
ta (tá) - by extreme temperature; ta-xe (táxe)
- dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all
instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry
up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up,
press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being
gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling
up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die
from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut
and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) -
cause to dry up from punching
sun, eclipse of
the sun
▶ mi di-shi (mi díši) - eclipse of the sun
▶ cf. mi-aⁿ-pa di-shi-we (mią́pa dišíwe) -
eclipse of the moon
sun, Good Sun
▶ mi da-kniⁿ (mi dáknį) - Good Sun, female
personal name [JOD]
▶ cf. mi (mi) - sun; da-kniⁿ (dáknį)
- good (archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal
names, still used in happy, pleased, like
sun, Red Sun
▶ mi
zhi-te (mi žítte) - Red Sun, refers to the red sun near
sunset, female personal name [JOD]
▶ cf.
mi (mi) - sun; zhi-te (žítte) - red
sun, Swift Sun
▶ mi
x’aⁿ-sa (mi xʔąsá) - Swift Sun, female personal name
[JOD]
▶ cf.
mi (mi) - sun; x’aⁿ-sa (xʔąsá), ’aⁿ-sa (ʔąsá)
- swift
sun, Traveling Sun
▶ mi o-ka-shaⁿ niⁿ (mi ókašą nį) -
Traveling Sun, female personal name [JOD]
▶ cf. mi (mi) - sun; o-ka-zhaⁿ (ókašą)
- journy, travel, wander; niⁿ (nį) - 3sg
continuative moving; the singular/moving/animate
Sun, White Sun
Coming
▶ mi ska ki-ta (mi ska kítta) - White Sun
Coming Up; White Sun Comes “Gets up”, female personal name [JOD]
▶ cf. mi (mi) - sun; ska (ska)
- white; ki-ta (kítta) - arise, get up, rise
Sunday
▶ haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi (hą́ba
wattéxi) - Sunday, “difficult day”
▶ haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi (hą́ba
wattéxi) - Sunday [MS]
▶ cf. haⁿ-ba (hą́ba),
hoⁿ-ba (hǫ́ba), hoⁿ-pa (hǫ́pa), haⁿ-pa (hą́pa) - day,
daytime; wa-te-xi (wattéxi) - difficult, too much,
too high a price
▶ ex: haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi
zhi-ka (hą́ba wattéxi žíka) - Saturday, “little Sunday”
▶ ex: haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi naⁿ-pa
(hąbá wattéxi nąpá) - fortnight, “two Sundays”
▶ Dhegiha: wa-te-xi (watéxi)
- difficult action with a purpose, male name [Omaha];
wa-ʰtse-xi (wa-ṭsé-xi) - difficult to destroy, to be
tenacious of life, stingy, ungenerous, not liberal, penurious
[FL-Osage]; wa-ʰtse-xi (waʰcéxi) - be difficult,
hard, challenging, not easy to do [CQ-Osage]; wa-tse-xi (wacéxi)
- be hard, difficult to endure, something difficult, be
difficult [Kaw]
▶ Dhegiha: oⁿ-ba
wa-xu-be (óⁿba waqúbe) - Sunday, “mysterious day, holy
day”, a week [Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ-ba wa-xu-be (oⁿba waxube)
- holy day, Sunday [Omaha]
▶ Dhegiha: hoⁿ-ba wa-ʰkoⁿ-da-gi
(hóⁿ-ba wa-ḳóⁿ-da-gi), oⁿ-ba wa-ʰkoⁿ-da-gi (óⁿ-ba
wa-ḳoⁿ-da-gi) - Sunday, Sabbath, Holy Day, a week
[FL-Osage]; (hą́ąpa waʰkǫ́taki) - Sunday, lit.,
‘sacred day’, a week [CQ-Osage]; haⁿ-ba wa-kaⁿ-da-gi
(háⁿba wakáⁿdagi) - Sunday, lit., “the mysterious or
sacred day”, also, meaning ‘a week’ [Kaw]
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