English to Quapaw Dictionary

S

saber - scarf	scarlet - seeds	seesaw  -  shaman	shame - shore
short - sigh	sight - sitting	six - slivers	slow - soak
soap - soul	sound - spits	splash - stands	star - stockings
stomach - stretching

 

stomach, belly

► ta-iⁿ (ttaį́) - belly, stomach [MS]

► ta-iⁿ (ttaį́) - belly below navel, above o-zi-zi (ozízi)

► ta-iⁿ (ta-í) - belly [ASG]

 

► o-zi-zi (ozízi) - belly, pubic region of abdomen

► o-zi-zi (ozízi) - belly [MS]

► o-zi-zi (usî́si), (usísi) - belly [ASG]

 

► ni-xa (níγa) - belly

► ex: ta-ni-xa (ttaníγa) - deer’s stomach

► Dhegiha: te ni-xa (teníxa) - the principal stomach or paunch of an animal [Omaha/Ponca]; ni-xa (níxa) - stomach; umbilical region; belly; abdomen [Omaha]; ni-gha (nígha), niⁿ-gha (níⁿgha) - stomach of an animal [Kaw]

 

► ni-xa-ha (niγáha) - belly, stomach

► cf. ni-xa (níγa) - belly; ha (ha) - skin, bark, hide, shell

► Dhegiha: te-ni-xa-ha (teníxahá) - the inner coating of a buffalo paunch [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stomach, crawl on one’s stomach

► ki-kdi-sto-we (kkikdístowe) - crawl on one’s stomach ► a-ki-kdi-sto-we (akkíkdistówe) - I, da-ki-kdi-sto-we (dakkíkdistówe) - you

► cf. a-sto-we (ástowe) - slide; di-sto-we (distówe) - lead, pull along

► ex: ki-kdi-sto-we (kkikdístowé) - pulled himself along on his stomach [JOD]

► ex: ki-kdi-sto-we a-taⁿ o-pʰe naⁿ, i-ya (kkikdístowé attą́ opʰé ną, iyá) - he crawled along on his stomach and entered the lodge, it is said [JOD]

► Dhegiha: oⁿ-the snu-we (oⁿthe snuwe) - glide [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: thi-znu (thiznú) - to draw or drag along, as a boy does a sled, or a horse pulls a load; to lead, as a horse; to pull [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-znu (thiçnu) - drag, pull, tow [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ga-znu (gaznú) - to strike and make glide along; to make slide by blowing against (said of the wind); said of otters as they slide down high banks or ice [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-snu (gasnu), (gaçnu) - glide; slide [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: a-ga-stu-e (a-ga-çtu-e) - slides [FL-Osage]; ga-sto-be (gastóbe) - throw so as to cause to glide along ground [Kaw]

 

stomach, deer’s stomach

► ta-ni-xa (ttaníγa) - deer’s stomach

► cf. ta (tta) - deer; ni-xa (níγa) - belly;

► Dhegiha: ta-ni-gha (tanígha) - stomach of a deer [Kaw]

 

stomach, lie on one’s stomach

► ki-kda-shaⁿ zhaⁿ (kkikdášą žą́) - lie on one’s stomach ► ki-kda-shaⁿ da-zhaⁿ (kkikdášą dažą́) - you

► cf. ki-kda-shoⁿ (kkikdášǫ), ki-kda-shaⁿ (kkikdášą) - turned upside down; zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline; di-ki-kda-shoⁿ (dikkíkdašǫ) - turn upside down, pull over

► Dhegiha: a-ki-gtha-shoⁿ (ákigtháshoⁿ) - bottom-upward [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-a-ki-gtha-shoⁿ (thi akigthashoⁿ) - turn over [Omaha]; ba-ʰki-gtha-shoⁿ (ba-ḳí-gtha-shoⁿ) - to push upside down [FL-Osage]; ba-a-ʰki-gtha-shoⁿ (ba-á-ḳi-gtha-shoⁿ) - to turn an object upside down by pushing [FL-Osage]; noⁿ-a-ʰki-gtha-shoⁿ (noⁿ-á-ḳi-gtha-shoⁿ) - kick over, as to upset; upset with the foot [FL-Osage]; ba-ku-la-shaⁿ (bakúlashaⁿ) - turn upside down, push over [Kaw]; bo-ku-la-shaⁿ (bókulashaⁿ) - knock upside down by shooting [Kaw]; bu-ku-la-shaⁿ (bukúlashaⁿ) - turn upside down, overturn by pressure; to turn an object upside down by pushing with the hands alone, with nothing in them, by weight or presssure [Kaw]; ga-ku-la-shaⁿ (gakúlashaⁿ) - knock upside down; turn somersaults [Kaw]; yu-ku-la-shaⁿ (yukúlashaⁿ) - roll over, turn upside down; to turn an object such as a boat bottom upward by pulling [Kaw]; naⁿ-ku-la-shaⁿ (naⁿkúlashaⁿ) - kick over, to upset [Kaw]

 

stomp dance

► wa-zho-kde o-zha (wažokde óža), wa-zho-xte o-zha (wažoxte óža) - stomp dance [MS]

► cf. ki-we-zho-xte (kiwéžoxte), ki-we-zho-kde (kiwéžokde) - stomp dance leader [MS]; o-zha (óža) - dance; zho-kde (žokdé) - with, be with someone

► ex: wa-zho-kde miⁿ-xti wa-taⁿ-ka a-niⁿ (wažokde mį́xti wattą́ka anį́) - so they dance, one leader, special leader [MS]

► ex: wa-zho-kde ho-taⁿ hi aⁿ-ka-niⁿ iⁿ-ke (wažokde hóttą hi ąkanį́ įké) - we got some good leaders here [MS]

► ex: o-zha wa-zho-kde ho-taⁿ hi aⁿ-ka-niⁿ iⁿ-ke (óža wažokde hóttą hi ąkanį́ įké) - we have good leaders [MS]

 

stomp dance leader

► ki-we-zho-xte (kiwéžoxte), ki-we-zho-kde (kiwéžokde) - stomp dance leader [MS]

► cf. wa-zho-kde o-zha (wažokde óža), wa-zho-xte o-zha (wažoxte óža) - stomp dance [MS]; o-zha (óža) - dance; zho-kde (žokdé) - with, be with someone

 

stomp dance shells, shell shaker

► ke-ha a-na-xa-da (kkehá anaxáda) - shell shaker, stomp dance shells [MS]

► cf. ke-ha (kkéhá) - turtle shell

► ex: ke-ha a-na-xa-da ho-taⁿ aⁿ-ka-niⁿ iⁿ-ke (kkehá anaɣáda hóttą ąkanį́ įké) - we have some good shell shakers [MS]

 

stomp, trample, thump with feet

► naⁿ-ta-xe (nąttáxe) - stomp, trample, thump with feet ► a-naⁿ-ta-xe (aną́taxe) - I, da-naⁿ-ta-xe (daną́ttaxe) - you

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

 

stone cold dead

► t’e-xti (tʔéxti) - stone cold dead

► cf. t’e (tʔe) - die; xti (xti) - very, real, fully; t’e hoⁿ-ke (tʔéhǫké) - to be insensible; t’e ki-ha (tʔé kihá) - certain to die, be terminal

 

► t’e-xti hi (tʔéxti hi) - stone cold dead

► cf. t’e (tʔe) - die; xti (xti) - very, real, fully; hi (hi) - very

► ex: t’e-xti hi (tʔéxti hi) - really dead [JOD]

► ex: ki-oⁿ-de de-de naⁿ, t’e-xti hi zhaⁿ i-ya sni-wa-te (kíǫde déde ną́, tʔéxti hi žą́ iyá sniwátte) - when he threw it (the head) at him (Winter), Winter laid there stone cold dead, it is said [JOD]

► Dhegiha: t’e-xti (t’éqti) - fully dead; very dead [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: t’e (t’e) - to die, to be dead [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰts’e (ṭs’e) - to die, decease, demise, defunct, to swoon, to faint [FL-Osage]; ts’e (cʔé) - die, death, the dead, dead person [CQ-Osage]; ts’e (ts’e) - dead, to die, be dead [Kaw]

 

stone for crushing hickory nuts

► poⁿ ka-xnaⁿ-zhe (ppǫ kaxną́že) - stone for crushing hickory nuts, from John Quapaw [MH]

► cf. poⁿ hi (ppǫhí) - hickory tree; di-xnaⁿ-zhe (dixną́že) - crack something, as an egg; xnaⁿ-zha-de (xnąžáde) - shivered to pieces

► Dhegiha: ga-xthoⁿ-zhe (ga-xthóⁿ-zhe) - to crush with the hand [FL-Osage]; ga-xloⁿ-zhe (gaxlóⁿzhe) - to break or batter in a hollow object, as a stove, skull, etc.; to knock down causing to shatter or fall to pieces, may also refer to structures, such as a barn, a statue, etc. [Kaw]

 

stone, clingstone peach

► kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka (kkątté ttą́ka) - clingstone peach

► kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka (konteh-tonkah) - peach (pêche fruit) [GI]

► cf. kaⁿ-te (kką́tte) - apple [MS, OM]; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large; kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka hi (kkątté ttą́ka hi) - clingstone peach tree

► Dhegiha: koⁿ-de (kóⁿde) - a plum, plums [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ-de (koⁿde) - plum [Omaha]; kaⁿ-de (k͓áⁿ-de) - a plum; plums [JOD-Omaha]; ʰko-dse (ḳóⁿ-dse) - plums, any kind of fruit, as plums, peaches, apples, applied to fruit in general [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ-tse (ʰką́ące) - apple; fruit [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-je (káⁿje) - plum; fruit [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: toⁿ-ga (toⁿgá) - large, big, great [Omaha/Ponca]; toⁿ-ga (toⁿga) - large, immense, enlargement, big, ample [Omaha]; ʰtoⁿ-ga (ṭoⁿ-gá) - big, large [FL-Osage]; ʰtaⁿ-ka (ʰtą́ka) - big, large, great, grand [CQ-Osage]; taⁿ-ga (táⁿga) - be large, big [Kaw]

 

stone, clingstone peach tree

► kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka hi (kkątté ttą́ka hi) - clingstone peach tree

► cf. kaⁿ-te (kką́tte) - apple [MS, OM]; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large; kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka (kkątté ttą́ka) - clingstone peach; kaⁿ-te taⁿ-ka (konteh-tonkah) - peach (pêche fruit) [GI]; hi (hi) - tree, bush, vine, stalk, leg

► Dhegiha: koⁿ-de (kóⁿde) - a plum, plums [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ-de (koⁿde) - plum [Omaha]; kaⁿ-de (k͓áⁿ-de) - a plum; plums [JOD-Omaha]; ʰko-dse (ḳóⁿ-dse) - plums, any kind of fruit, as plums, peaches, apples, applied to fruit in general [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ-tse (ʰką́ące) - apple; fruit [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-je (káⁿje) - plum; fruit [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: hi (hi) - stalk, stem, trunk, leg, tooth [Omaha/Ponca]; hi (hi) - tree trunk, plant stalk, plant vine, tooth, leg [Omaha]; hi (hi), hiu (hiu) - trunk of a tree, vines, stalks of plants, a leg [FL-Osage]; hu (hú), hiu (hiú), hi (hi) - trunk, stalk, leg [CQ-Osage]; hu (hu) - trunk of a tree, vine, limb, leg [Kaw]

 

stone, free stone peach

► koⁿ-te di-zho-de (kkǫ́tte dižóde) - free stone peach

► cf. kaⁿ-te (kką́tte) - apple [MS, OM]; di-zho-de (dižóde) - hull, peel; koⁿ-te di-zho-de hi (kkǫ́tte dižóde hi) - free stone peach tree

► Dhegiha: koⁿ-de (kóⁿde) - a plum, plums [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ-de (koⁿde) - plum [Omaha]; kaⁿ-de (k͓áⁿ-de) - a plum; plums [JOD-Omaha]; ʰko-dse (ḳóⁿ-dse) - plums, any kind of fruit, as plums, peaches, apples, applied to fruit in general [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ-tse (ʰką́ące) - apple; fruit [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-je (káⁿje) - plum; fruit [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-zhu (thizhu) - shell [Omaha]; thi-zhu-e (thí-zhu-e) - to hull, to take off the outer coating of grain, nuts, etc. [FL-Osage]; yu-zho-we (yuzhówe), yu-zhu-we (yuzhúwe) - hull nuts with the hands, to remove the hull or skin of any object with the hands; to hull walnuts, beans, hazelnuts, etc. when green, with the hands [Kaw]

 

stone, free stone peach tree

► koⁿ-te di-zho-de hi (kkǫ́tte dižóde hi) - free stone peach tree

► cf. koⁿ-te di-zho-de (kkǫ́tte dižóde) - free stone peach; kaⁿ-te (kką́tte) - apple [MS, OM]; di-zho-de (dižóde) - hull, peel; hi (hi) - tree, bush, vine, stalk, leg

► Dhegiha: koⁿ-de (kóⁿde) - a plum, plums [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ-de (koⁿde) - plum [Omaha]; kaⁿ-de (k͓áⁿ-de) - a plum; plums [JOD-Omaha]; ʰko-dse (ḳóⁿ-dse) - plums, any kind of fruit, as plums, peaches, apples, applied to fruit in general [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ-tse (ʰką́ące) - apple; fruit [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-je (káⁿje) - plum; fruit [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-zhu (thizhu) - shell [Omaha]; thi-zhu-e (thí-zhu-e) - to hull, to take off the outer coating of grain, nuts, etc. [FL-Osage]; yu-zho-we (yuzhówe), yu-zhu-we (yuzhúwe) - hull nuts with the hands, to remove the hull or skin of any object with the hands; to hull walnuts, beans, hazelnuts, etc. when green, with the hands [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: hi (hi) - stalk, stem, trunk, leg, tooth [Omaha/Ponca]; hi (hi) - tree trunk, plant stalk, plant vine, tooth, leg [Omaha]; hi (hi), hiu (hiu) - trunk of a tree, vines, stalks of plants, a leg [FL-Osage]; hu (hú), hiu (hiú), hi (hi) - trunk, stalk, leg [CQ-Osage]; hu (hu) - trunk of a tree, vine, limb, leg [Kaw]

 

stone, peach stone

► kaⁿ-te si (kkątté si) - peach stone

► kaⁿ-te si (kką́tte sí) - apple seed [MS]

► cf. kaⁿ-te (kką́tte) - apple [MS, OM]; si (si) - seed, pit, grain, kernel

► Dhegiha: koⁿ-de (kóⁿde) - a plum, plums [Omaha/Ponca]; koⁿ-de (koⁿde) - plum [Omaha]; kaⁿ-de (k͓áⁿ-de) - a plum; plums [JOD-Omaha]; ʰko-dse (ḳóⁿ-dse) - plums, any kind of fruit, as plums, peaches, apples, applied to fruit in general [FL-Osage]; ʰkaⁿ-tse (ʰką́ące) - apple; fruit [CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-je (káⁿje) - plum; fruit [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: si (si) - seed; seeds [Omaha/Ponca]; si (si) - seed, in general; a seed [JOD-Omaha]; si (çi), su (çu) - seed [FL-Osage]; su (súu) - seed, pit, kernel [CQ-Osage]

 

stone, peach stone dice

► kaⁿ-te si i-koⁿ (kuⁿ ta sī ī kuⁿ) - peach stone dice (different type), from Lizzie Cedar [MH]

► cf. kaⁿ-te si (kkątté si) - peach stone; i-koⁿ (íkǫ), i-kaⁿ (íką) - gamble, bet; i-ka-zo-zo i-koⁿ (i-kah-zŭzŭ-ikan) - cards, playing cards (cartes á jouer) [GI]

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ (wakoⁿ) - gamble, bet [Omaha]; i-kʰ’oⁿ (í-ḳ’oⁿ) - gamble [FL-Osage]; k’ǫ (kʔǫ́) - gamble, play [CQ-Osage]; i-k’oⁿ (ík’oⁿ) - gamble, to contend in a race or other competition [Kaw]

 

► koⁿ-se-koⁿ (gŭⁿ sē gŭⁿ) - peach stone dice, from Mrs. P. Claber [MH]

► koⁿ-si-koⁿ (gŭⁿ sǐ kŭⁿ) - dice (turtle), “kia tuⁿka”, from Mrs. P. Claber [MH]

► cf. i-koⁿ (íkǫ), i-kaⁿ (íką) - gamble, bet; i-ka-zo-zo i-koⁿ (íkazózo íkǫ) - cards, playing cards

► Dhegiha: k’oⁿ-su (kʔǫ́su), k’oⁿ-se (kʔǫ́se) - dice, Osage dice [CQ-Osage]; k’oⁿ-su-k’oⁿ (kʔǫ́sukʔǫ́) - play dice, Osage dice game [CQ-Osage]; k’o-se koⁿ (k’óse kóⁿ) - shoot dice [Kaw]; k’o-su i-k’oⁿ (k’ósu ik’óⁿ) - play a gaime with six brass nail-heads [Kaw]; k’o-su i-k’oⁿ (k’óⁿsu ik’óⁿ) - shoot dice, originally with six brass nails [Kaw]; k’o-su (k’ósu) - brass nails, studs, used as dice [Kaw]; k’o-se (k’óse), k’o-su (k’ósu) - brass nails, such as are put on women’s knife-sheaths, something that they made, little round things out of bone (studded with brass nails) and played games with them: k’o-se (k’óse), those [with] little spots - dice [Kaw]

 

stone, rock

► iⁿ (į) - stone, rock

► iⁿ (į) - rock [MS]

► hiⁿ (hį) - rock, stone [FS]

► iⁿ (îⁿ) - rock, stone [ASG]

► ex: iⁿ a-shi (į áši) - on the stone

► ex: iⁿ a-ba-knaⁿ-ta (į́ ábaknątta) - by a stone

► ex: iⁿ koⁿ-ha (į kkǫha) - near the stone

► ex: iⁿ ni-ti spe (į nitti spe) - a stone sinks in water

► ex: iⁿ ta-xde (į́ ttáxde) - coal, lit. “stone charcoal”

► ex: iⁿ taⁿ-ka (îⁿ tánga), i taⁿ-ka (i tánga) - big rock [ASG]

► ex: iⁿ zhi-ka (í zhika) - stone, gravel [ASG]

► Dhegiha: iⁿ-’e (íⁿ’ĕ) - stone, rock [JOD-Omaha]; iⁿ-’e (iⁿe) - stone, rock [Omaha]; iⁿ (i’ⁿ) - stone; ricky cliff [FL-Osage]; iⁿ (į́į) - rock [CQ-Osage]; iⁿ (iⁿ) - stone, rock [Kaw]

 

stoop, bend down, bow the head

► wa-kda-zhi (wákdaží) - bend down, stoop, bow the head ► aⁿ-wa-kda-zhi (ąwákdaží) - I, di-wa-kda-zhi (diwákdaží) - you

 

stop activity with the mouth, talking, drinking, eating, etc.

► a-da-shtaⁿ (ádaštą) - stop activity with the mouth, talking, drinking, eating, etc. ► a-bda-shtaⁿ (ábdaštą) - I, a-ta-shtaⁿ (áttaštą) - you

► cf. di-shtaⁿ (dištą́) - finish, complete; a-di-shtaⁿ (ádištą) - stop work (for the day), cease an activity

► ex: a-da-shtaⁿ (ádaštą́) - he stopped speaking [JOD]

► ex: e-shoⁿ o-ki-e a-da-shtaⁿ taⁿ (ešǫ́ okkié ádaštą́-tą) - and when he stopped talking to him [JOD]

► Dhegiha: tha-shtoⁿ (thashtóⁿ) - to finish doing something with the mouth [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-shtaⁿ (¢a-ctáⁿ) - to finish, quit, or cease speaking, eating, drinking, reading, singing, crying, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; tha-shtaⁿ (ðaaštą́) - end or stop an activity involving the mouth; finish eating or drinking [CQ-Osage]; ya-shtaⁿ (yashtáⁿ) - stop eating, drinking, talking, crying (aloud), singing; to be done with any of those activities [Kaw]

 

stop up, clog, close off

► a-ki-pa-t’o i-he-de (ákkippatʔo ihéde) - close off, stop up, clog, as in a traffic jam

► cf. a-ki-pa-t’o ka-xe (ákkippatʔo káγe) - close, as sliding doors; i-he-de (ihéde) - put a horizontal object; a-ba-t’o (ábatʔo) - stop, impede progress; wa-ba-t’o (wábatʔo) - stop, obstruct, impede; a-ki-pa (ákkippa) - meet a person or animal; a-ki-pai-naⁿ (ákkippainą́) - collide, run into, to butt

► Dhegiha: a-kʰi-pʰa-t’u (ákʰipʰat’ú) - to collide, said of two objects [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-pa-ʰts’u (á-ḳi-pa-ṭs’u) - the blocking of a narrow passage by men or animals [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-t’u (ábat’u) - to brace or prop an object to keep it from falling [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-ʰt’u (á-ba-ṭ’u) - to prevent one from moving by holding one back [FL-Osage]; a-ba-ts’o (ábats’o) - brace something, prop something up; to hesitate or draw back through shame or diffidence; be bashful, hesitant [Kaw]

 

stop work (for the day), cease an activity

► a-di-shtaⁿ (ádištą) - stop work (for the day), cease an activity ► a-bdi-shtaⁿ (ábdištą) - I, a-ti-shtaⁿ (áttištą) - you

► a-di-shtaⁿ (ádištą́) - stop [MS]

► a-di-shtaⁿ (ádištą) - quit [JOD]

► cf. di-shtaⁿ (dištą́) - finish, complete

► ex: we-a-kdi-xe a-bdi-shtaⁿ (weákdixe ábdištą́) - I ceased to live with them

► ex: e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ, iⁿ-ta-te zhi-ka iⁿ-da e-naⁿ-pa we-a-kdi-xe a-bdi-shtaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą, įttáttežíka įdá eną́pa weákdixé ábdištą́) - and from then on, I ceased to live with my stepfather and my mother [JOD]

► ex: o-zha a-di-shtaⁿ ki-baⁿ o-bi-xoⁿ pa naⁿ (óža ádištą kíbą obíγǫ ppá ną) - they quit dancing when a flute was blown [JOD]

► Dhegiha: thi-shtoⁿ (thishtoⁿ) - finish, complete, release, past [Omaha]; thi-shtoⁿ (thi-shtóⁿ) - to stop, to finish [FL-Osage]; thi-shtaⁿ (ðiištą́) - finish, stop, already did something, be just finished doing something, be finished, be through [CQ-Osage]; yu-shtaⁿ (yushtáⁿ) - stop, be finished, let go [Kaw]

 

stop, impede progress

► a-ba-t’o (ábatʔo) - stop, impede progress ► a-pa-t’o (áppatʔo) - I, a-shpa-t’o (ášpatʔo) - you

► cf. wa-ba-t’o (wábatʔo) - stop, obstruct, impede; a-ki-pa-t’o i-he-de (ákkippatʔo ihéde) - close off, stop up, clog, as in a traffic jam; a-ki-pa-t’o ka-xe (ákkippatʔo káγe) - close, as sliding doors; o-ka-t’o-zhi hi de (ókatʔóži hi dé) - to go straight on

► ex: a-ba-t’o-i (ábatʔoi) - his progress was checked [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-t’u (ábat’u) - to brace or prop an object to keep it from falling [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-ʰt’u (á-ba-ṭ’u) - to prevent one from moving by holding one back [FL-Osage]; a-ba-ts’o (ábats’o) - brace something, prop something up; to hesitate or draw back through shame or diffidence; be bashful, hesitant [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-kʰi-pʰa-t’u (ákʰipʰat’ú) - to collide, said of two objects [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-pa-ʰts’u (á-ḳi-pa-ṭs’u) - the blocking of a narrow passage by men or animals [FL-Osage]

 

► wa-ba-t’o (wábatʔo) - stop, obstruct, impede ► wa-pa-t’o (wáppatʔo) - I, wa-shpa-t’o (wášpatʔo) - you

► cf. a-ba-t’o (ábatʔo) - stop, impede progress; a-ki-pa-t’o i-he-de (ákkippatʔo ihéde) - close off, stop up, clog, as in a traffic jam; a-ki-pa-t’o ka-xe (ákkippatʔo káγe) - close, as sliding doors; o-ka-t’o-zhi hi de (ókatʔóži hi dé) - to go straight on

► Dhegiha: a-ba-t’u (ábat’u) - to brace or prop an object to keep it from falling [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-ʰt’u (á-ba-ṭ’u) - to prevent one from moving by holding one back [FL-Osage]; a-ba-ts’o (ábats’o) - brace something, prop something up; to hesitate or draw back through shame or diffidence; be bashful, hesitant [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-kʰi-pʰa-t’u (ákʰipʰat’ú) - to collide, said of two objects [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-pa-ʰts’u (á-ḳi-pa-ṭs’u) - the blocking of a narrow passage by men or animals [FL-Osage]

 

stop, oral stop

► iⁿ (į) - period, oral stop [JOD]

► iⁿ (į) - declarative particle, female speech, also male?

► ex: “ni-ka-shi-ka e-ti hi-naⁿ wa-da-xo-we-naⁿ iⁿ,” i-yi i-ya wa-x’o-zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe (“níkkašíka étti hí-ną wadáxowé-ną į́,” iyí iyá waxʔóžiká nįkʰé) - “when people go there, it always draws them into its mouth,” it is said the old woman said [JOD]

► ex: ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka t’e-di-ki-de ni-kʰa-she shoⁿ-te niⁿ-kʰe she iⁿ (kahíke ttą́ka tʔédikidé nikʰáše šǫté nįkʰe šé į) - you’all whose principal chief has been killed, here are the testicles [JOD]

► ex: “iⁿ-kaⁿ-e she iⁿ,” i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (“įkką́-e šé į,” iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - “there he is, grandmother,” said the rabbit [JOD]

► ex: shoⁿ iⁿ (šǫ́ į) - that will do [JOD]

 

store

► wa-toⁿ-zhi ti (wattǫ́ži ttí) - a store

► cf. wa-taⁿ (wattą́) - goods, merchandise; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; ti (tti) - house, tent, dwelling; wa-taⁿ niⁿ (wattą́ nį) - trader

► Dhegiha: wa-ʰtoⁿ u-zhi (wa-ṭóⁿ u-zhi) - a dry-goods store, a place to store goods, a warehouse [FL-Osage]; wa-toⁿ-zhu (watǫ́ǫžu) - store, trading house [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: wa-ʰtoⁿ (wa-ṭóⁿ) - ware, goods, anything sold or exchanged at a store or trading place [FL-Osage]; wa-toⁿ (watóⁿ) - property, goods [Kaw]

 

► maⁿ-ze-ta-te (mązettátte) - a store

 

storm

► ta-ti oⁿ-he shi-ke (ttátti ǫ́he šiké) - storm, wind blowing hard [MS]

► cf. ta-ti oⁿ-he (ttáttiǫ́he), ta-ti aⁿ-he (ttáttią́he) - wind; shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly

► Dhegiha: ta-doⁿ-he (tadóⁿhe) - a sudden gust of wind; a whirlwind [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-doⁿ-he (tadoⁿhe) - whirlwind [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ʰta-dse ʰpi-zhi (ṭa-dse pí-zhi) - a bad wind; blustery [FL-Osage]; ʰta-tse ʰpi-zhi (ʰtaacé ʰpíiži) - tornado, tempest, windstorm [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: ta-de (tadé) - wind [Omaha/Ponca]; ta-de (tadé) - air; wind [Omaha]; ʰta-dse (ṭa-dsé) - the winds, the four quarters of the earth; air [FL-Osage]; ʰta-tse (ʰtaacé) - wind, air [CQ-Osage]; ta-je (tajé) - wind [Kaw]

 

story, used as ending of a story

► ka-i-she-tʰaⁿ (ká-išetʰą́) - so far (the end) [JOD]

► ka-i-she-tʰaⁿ-ki (ká-išétʰąkí), ka-e-she-tʰaⁿ-ki (ká-ešétʰąkí) - so far (the end) [JOD]

 

► cf. ka (ká) - thus; and; so; that; she-tʰaⁿ (šetʰą) - long enough, a certain length

► Dhegiha: ga-she-khaⁿ (gashékhaⁿ) - end, so long and no longer [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ka-she-naⁿ (kaašéną) - be ended, finished, that’s all, something is finished; closing of a prayer, amen [CQ-Osage]; ga-she-naⁿ (gashéhnaⁿ) - that’s all; just this much; that is enough [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: she-tʰoⁿ (shetʰóⁿ) - that for (and no farther); that long (and no longer); the end [Omaha/Ponca]

 

► ka-shoⁿ (kašǫ) - enough, sufficient, end

► cf. ka (ká) - thus; and; so; that; shoⁿ (šǫ) - the end, enough

► ex: ka-shoⁿ o-wi-ki miⁿ-kʰe (kašǫ owikki mįkʰé) - that’s all I have to say to you [MS]

► Dhegiha: ga-shoⁿ (ga-shóⁿ) - it is enough; sufficient [FL-Osage]; ka-shoⁿ (kaašǫ́) - enough, final point, end [CQ-Osage]

 

► ka-i-shoⁿ naⁿ (káišǫ ną) - so far/only [JOD]

► cf. ka-shoⁿ (kašǫ) - enough, sufficient, end; naⁿ (ną) - only, just

► Dhegiha:

noⁿ (noⁿ) - the

naⁿ (ną) - only, just, solely, not anything else than, not anything but [CQ-Osage]

 

► shoⁿ (šǫ) - the end, enough

► cf. shoⁿ-niⁿ (šǫnį́) - finally; shoⁿ-tʰaⁿ (šǫ́tʰą) - finally; shoⁿ-tʰe (šǫtʰé) - finally

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - fit, proper; as it should be; enough, that will do [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - quit, stop, ready [Omaha]; shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - complete, perfect, it is done [FL-Osage]

 

stout hearted

► naⁿ-te shoⁿ-da-da-zhi (ną́tte šǫ́dadáži) - stout hearted ► naⁿ-te aⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da-zhi (ną́tte ąšǫ́dadáži) - I’m, naⁿ-te di-shoⁿ-da-da-zhi (ną́tte dišǫ́dadáži) - you’re, naⁿ-te wa-shoⁿ-da-da-wa-zhi (ną́tte wašǫdadawaži) - we’re

► cf. naⁿ-te (ną́tte), noⁿ-te (nǫ́tte), naⁿ-de (ną́de) - heart; shoⁿ-da-da (šǫ́dada) - upset, unsteady, insecure, off balance, loose, unstable; upset; zhi (ži) - not, negative, negation

 

stove

► ma-ze ta-de (máze táde) - stove [MS]

► cf. ma-ze (máze) - iron, metal; ta (tá) - by heat; de (de) - causative

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-ze u-ne-the (moⁿçe unethe) - stove [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: na (ná) - by extreme temperature [Omaha/Ponca]; da (da) - by heat, a prefix denoting fire or the effects of fire in it’s destruction, to feeze, frozen [FL-Osage]; ta (táa) - by extreme of temperature, by heat or cold [CQ-Osage]; da (dá) - instrumental prefix indicating effect of fire, heat, or extreme cold (more often heat than cold) [Kaw]

 

straddle something

► a-ka-bda-zhe (ákabdaže) - straddle something

► cf. ka-bda-zhe (kabdáže) - spread, stand with knees apart

► Dhegiha: a-ga-btha-zhe (ágabtházhe) - straddle; have the feet slip wide apart: said of a person or horse walking on ice; also of a low tree with many branches [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ga-btha-zhe (gabtházhe) - spread open, as the legs; to straddle [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-bla-zhe (gablázhe) - straddle something [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ga-btha-zhe gthiⁿ (ga-bthá-zhe gthiⁿ) - to sit Turk fashion, as a tailor [FL-Osage]; ga-bla-zhe liⁿ (gablázhe liⁿ) - sit with legs apart [Kaw]

 

straddle, stand astride

► ka-zha-te (kažátte) - straddle, (stand) astride

► cf. a-ka-zha-te (ákažátte) - pass over, stride over something

► Dhegiha: a-ga-zha-de (ágazhade) - to stride or straddle over an object; implying to step over, to pass over a person, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ga-zha-de (gazháde) - to stand with the legs wide apart [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-zha-je (gazháje) - stand with legs wide apart; to step over something [Kaw]

 

straight

► do-taⁿ (dóttą), do-toⁿ (dóttǫ) - straight

► ex: o-zhoⁿ-ke do-taⁿ hi (ožǫ́ke dóttą hí) - a very straight road [JOD]

► ex: do-taⁿ ka-xe (dóttą káγe) - straighten, pull straight

► ex: do-taⁿ-ti hi (dottą́tti hí) - directly to him/she arrived there [JOD]

► ex: e-shoⁿ miⁿ-xti o-shte tʰaⁿ sh’a-taⁿ-ka do-taⁿ-ti hi (ešǫ́ mį́xti ošté tʰą šʔattą́ka dottą́tti hí) - then the one that remained went straight to the devil [JOD]

► ex: do-taⁿ naⁿ-hi de niⁿ (dóttą nąhí de nį) - straight/only/he was going [JOD]

► ex: e-ti e-zha do-taⁿ naⁿ-hi de niⁿ (étti éža dóttą nąhí de nį) - and then he was going straight all by himself [JOD]

► ex: di-do-taⁿ (didottą́) - straighten

► ex: i-do-taⁿ (ídottą) - short cut, the shortest way

► ex: o-do-taⁿ (ódottą́) - right, to be right

► Dhegiha: thu-tʰoⁿ (thútʰoⁿ) - straight, correct [Omaha/Ponca]; thu-toⁿ (thu tóⁿ) - beeline; straight [Omaha]; thu-taⁿ (¢ú-taⁿ) - straight, correct [JOD-Omaha]; tho-ʰtoⁿ (thó-ṭoⁿ) - in the middle of the heaven [FL-Osage]; yo-taⁿ (yótaⁿ) - straight up [Kaw]

 

straight towards

► do-hi (dóhi) - straight towards [JOD]

► ex: do-hi tʰi (dóhi tʰí) - he came straight towards them [JOD]

 

straight, right, honest

► o-ta-za (óttaza) - right, straight, honest ► oⁿ-ta-za (ǫ́ttaza), o-aⁿ-ta-za (oąttaza) - I, o-di-ta-za (ódittaza) - you

► o-ta-za (óttaza) - pretty [OM]

► cf. o-ta-za ka-xe (óttaza káγe) - right, correct, act honestly; o-ta-za-zhi (óttazáži) - be wrong

► Dhegiha: o-ʰta-za (o-ṭa-ça), u-ʰta-za (u-ṭá-ça) - handsome, showy, stateliness, pretty, comely, pleasing to the sight, satisfying to the sense of beauty [FL-Osage]; o-ʰta-za (oʰtáza) - good looking, handsome, beautiful, very pretty [CQ-Osage]

 

straight, to go straight on

► o-ka-t’o-zhi hi de (ókatʔóži hi dé) - to go straight on ► o-a-ka-t’o-zhi hi bde (oákatʔóži hi bdé) - I, o-da-t’o-zhi hi te (odátʔóži hi tté) - you

► cf. o-ka-t’o (ókatʔó) - remain in, stop in; blocked; zhi (ži) - not, negative, negation; hi (hi) - very; de (dé) - go; a-ba-t’o (ábatʔo) - stop, impede progress; wa-ba-t’o (wábatʔo) - stop, obstruct, impede; a-ki-pa-t’o i-he-de (ákkippatʔo ihéde) - close off, stop up, clog, as in a traffic jam; a-ki-pa-t’o ka-xe (ákkippatʔo káγe) - close, as sliding doors

► Dhegiha: a-ga-ts’o (ágats’o) - remain in camp, remain quiet, term used by the crier when the people are told to remain in camp for several days [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-t’u (ábat’u) - to brace or prop an object to keep it from falling [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-ʰt’u (á-ba-ṭ’u) - to prevent one from moving by holding one back [FL-Osage]; a-ba-ts’o (ábats’o) - brace something, prop something up; to hesitate or draw back through shame or diffidence; be bashful, hesitant [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-kʰi-pʰa-t’u (ákʰipʰat’ú) - to collide, said of two objects [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-pa-ʰts’u (á-ḳi-pa-ṭs’u) - the blocking of a narrow passage by men or animals [FL-Osage]

 

straighten

► di-do-taⁿ (didottą́) - straighten ► bdi-do-taⁿ (bdídottą) - I, ti-do-taⁿ (ttídottą) - you

► cf. di (di) - by hand, pulling; cause by using the hands; do-taⁿ (dóttą), do-toⁿ (dóttǫ) - straight

► Dhegiha: thi-thu-tʰoⁿ (thithútʰoⁿ) - to pull straight; to cut straight with the scissors; to rectify, correct [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-thu-toⁿ (thithutoⁿ) - arrange [Omaha]; thi-tho-ʰtoⁿ (thi-thó-ṭoⁿ), thi-thu-ʰtoⁿ (thi-thú-ṭoⁿ) - to straighten by manipulation of the hands; to make straight that which is crooked; reparation of a wrong; to regulate; to make a rule by which to guide or to be guided [FL-Osage]

 

straighten or stretch one’s legs

► naⁿ-sa-ta (nąsátta) - stretch or straighten one’s legs ► a-naⁿ-sa-ta (aną́satta) - I, da-naⁿ-sa-ta (daną́satta) - you

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; sa-ta (sátta) - stiff, straightened out, rigid, stretched, straightened

► Dhegiha: ki-naⁿ-sa-da (k͓i-naⁿ́-sa-da) - refl. of naⁿ-sa-da (naⁿsada); to stretch his limbs by running or walking; to take a walk for the sake of exercise [JOD-Omaha]; noⁿ-sa-da (noⁿ-çá-da) - to stretch anything with the foot, as one stretches a tight pair of moccasins [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: sa-da (sáda) - stretched, straightened out, as an arm or leg [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-da (çá-da) - stretched, stretch, stiff, rigid, stiff-jointed [FL-Osage]; sa-ta (sáta) - stiff, rigid, stiffened [CQ-Osage]; sa-da (sáda) - stiff, straightened out [Kaw]

 

straighten, pull straight

► do-taⁿ ka-xe (dóttą káγe) - straighten, pull straight ► do-taⁿ pa-xe (dóttą ppáγe) - I, do-taⁿ shka-xe (dóttą škáγe) - you

► cf. do-toⁿ (dóttǫ), do-taⁿ (dóttą) - straight; ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause

► Dhegiha: thu-tʰoⁿ (thútʰoⁿ) - straight, correct [Omaha/Ponca]; thu-toⁿ (thu tóⁿ) - beeline; straight [Omaha]; thu-taⁿ (¢ú-taⁿ) - straight, correct [JOD-Omaha]; tho-ʰtoⁿ (thó-ṭoⁿ) - in the middle of the heaven [FL-Osage]; yo-taⁿ (yótaⁿ) - straight up [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ga-xe (gáxe) - make [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-xe (gaxe) - made, make, creator, consume, construct, brew, build, erect, distill, develop, commit, create, dance [Omaha]; ga-xe (gá-xe) - to make, to perform [FL-Osage]; ka-xe (káaγe) - make, fix, prepare, bake, build, force someone to do something, cause something to be a certain way, turn on, do, perform, engage in, make it [CQ-Osage]; ga-ghe (gághe) - make, do, pretend, cause [Kaw]

 

straightened out, rigid, stretched, straightened

► sa-ta (sátta) - stiff, straightened out, rigid, stretched, straightened

► ex: naⁿ-sa-ta (nąsátta) - stretch or straighten one’s legs

► Dhegiha: sa-da (sáda) - stretched, straightened out, as an arm or leg [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-da (çá-da) - stretched, stretch, stiff, rigid, stiff-jointed [FL-Osage]; sa-ta (sáta) - stiff, rigid, stiffened [CQ-Osage]; sa-da (sáda) - stiff, straightened out [Kaw]

 

strands, braid or plait a lariat in two strands

► a-ki-di-be-bniⁿ (ákkidibébnį) - braid, plait a lariat in two strands

► cf. be-bniⁿ (bébnį), be-bni (bébni) - twisted, curled, spiral; be-bniⁿ-bniⁿ (bébnįbnį) - twisted round and round; bi-be-bni (bibébni) - twist, roll with the palms; di-be-bniⁿ (dibébnį) - twist with the hands; ta-ni di-be-bni (taní dibébni) - cigar, lit. “twisted tobacco”; o-di-bdi (ódibdí) - spiral motion; wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de di-be-bni (wašǫ́ke skíde dibébni) - candy, spiral stick candy

► ex: a-ki-di-be-bniⁿ ka-xa (ákkidibénį kaγá) - plait it in two strands!

► ex: ni-zhi-ha di-be-bniⁿ (nižíha dibébnį) - braid hair [MS]

► Dhegiha: thi-be-bthiⁿ (thibébthiⁿ) - to twist, as yarn, with a wheel [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-be-bthiⁿ (thi-bé-bthiⁿ) - to twist [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: be-bthiⁿ (bébthiⁿ) - warped, twisted, crooked [Omaha/Ponca]; be-bliⁿ (bébliⁿ) - twisted, course [Kaw]

 

stranger

► wa-we-di-za (wawédiza) - stranger

 

strangle someone

► to-te i-t’e-de (tótte itʔéde) - strangle someone ► to-te i-t’e-a-de (tótte ítʔeáde) - I, to-te i-t’e-da-de (tótte ítʔedáde) - you

► cf. to-te (tótte) - throat; i-t’e-de (itʔéde) - kill with something

► Dhegiha: nu-de (núde) - the throat, the whole forepart of the neck, including the throat proper and the windpipe [Omaha/Ponca]; ni-de (nude) - throat [Omaha]; do-dse (dó-dse) - throat; gullet [FL-Osage]; to-tse (tóoce) - throat, gullet [CQ-Osage]; do-je (dóje) - throat [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: i-ʰts’e-the (i-ṭs’e-the) - to kill with, with which to kill [FL-Osage]; i-ts’e-ye (its’éye) - poison [Kaw]; i-ts’e-ye (íts’eye) - kill using an instrument [Kaw]

 

strap, quiver strap

► maⁿ-o-zhi i-k’iⁿ (mą́oži íkʔį) - quiver strap

► cf. maⁿ-o-zhi (mą́oží) - quiver for arrows; maⁿ (mą) - arrow; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; k’iⁿ (kʔį) - carry, pack on the back; i-k’iⁿ (íkʔį) - suspenders [MS]

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-zhi (móⁿzhi) - quiver [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-zhu (móⁿ-zhu), moⁿ-zhi (móⁿ-zhi) - a quiver [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-zhu (máⁿzhu) - quiver, contraction of maⁿ o-zhu (máⁿ ozhu) [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-zhi-ha (móⁿzhiha) - quiver [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-zhi-ha (móⁿzhiha) - quiver for arrows [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: i-’iⁿ (í’iⁿ) - strap, a carrying strap; a strap or cord for carrying something on one’s back or for a powder horn [Omaha/Ponca]; i-’iⁿ (í-’iⁿ) - a strap or cord used for carrying an object on the back [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ’iⁿ (’íⁿ) - carry, carrying [JOD-Omaha]; ʰk’iⁿ (ḳ’iⁿ) - to carry [FL-Osage]; k’iⁿ (kʔį́) - carry, carry on the back [CQ-Osage]; k’iⁿ (k’iⁿ) - pack on the back, carry on the back [Kaw]

 

strap, saddle strap

► siⁿ-ti-oⁿ-he (sįttiǫ́he) - crupper, saddle strap, a piece of tack used on horses to keep a saddle, harness or other equipment from sliding forward

► cf. siⁿ-te (sį́tte) - tail; oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - lay sg/ly/in inside something, put

► Dhegiha: siⁿ-dse oⁿ-he (çiⁿ-dse oⁿ-he), siⁿ-dse u-oⁿ-he (çíⁿ-dse u-oⁿ-he) - crupper, “tail - lay” [FL-Osage]; siⁿ-je o-he (síⁿje ohé) - crupper of a saddle/harness [Kaw]

 

strawberry

► pa-shte-ka (paštéka) - strawberry

► pa-shte-ka (paštéka) - strawberry [MS]

► cf. pa-shte-ka hi (paštéka hi) - strawberry vine

► Dhegiha: ba-shte (bashte) - strawberry [Omaha]; ba-stse-ga (ba-stsé-ga) - strawberry [FL-Osage]; pa-shtse-ka (paašceka), paⁿ-shtse-ka (pąąšcéka) - strawberry [CQ-Osage]; paⁿ-shtse-ga (paⁿshcéga) - strawberry [Kaw]

 

strawberry vine

► pa-shte-ka hi (paštéka hi) - strawberry vine

► cf. pa-shte-ka (paštéka) - strawberry; hi (hi) - stalk, tree, bush, vine, leg

► Dhegiha: ba-stse-ga hiu (ba-stsé-ga-hiu) - strawberry vine [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: ba-shte (bashte) - strawberry [Omaha]; ba-stse-ga (ba-stsé-ga) - strawberry [FL-Osage]; pa-shtse-ka (paašceka), paⁿ-shtse-ka (pąąšcéka) - strawberry [CQ-Osage]; paⁿ-shtse-ga (paⁿshcéga) - strawberry [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: hi (hi) - stalk, stem, trunk, leg [Omaha/Ponca]; hi (hi) - tree trunk, plant stalk, plant vine, leg [Omaha]; hi (hi), hiu (hiu) - trunk of a tree, vines, stalks of plants, a leg [FL-Osage]; hu (hú), hiu (hiú), hi (hi) - trunk, stalk, leg [CQ-Osage]; hu (hu) - trunk of a tree, vine, limb, leg [Kaw]

 

stream

► ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake

► ni (nih) - river (rivière); water (eau) [GI]

► ni (ni˙) - water [FS]

► ni (nî́) - water [ASG]

► Dhegiha: ni (ní) - water [Omaha/Ponca]; ni (ni) - water; liquid; river [Omaha]; ni (ní) - water; river [JOD-Omaha]; ni (ni) - water; river; rivulet; creek [FL-Osage]; ni (níi) - water, any fluid, liquid [CQ-Osage]; ni (ni) - water, river; any liquid [Kaw]

 

► wa-tʰi-shka (watʰíška) - creek

► wa-tʰi-shka (ŭāhtĭschkā) - bayou or creek (baÿou ou crik, crique) [GI]

► wa-tʰi-shka (wat'íšGa) - river [FV]

► wa-tʰi-shka (watʰíška) - river [MS]

► Dhegiha: wa-chʰi-shka (wachʰíshka) - creek, stream [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-chi-shka (wachíshka) - creek, brook [Omaha]; wa-tshi-shka (wa-tcí-cka) - a stream of any sort; a river; a creek [JOD-Omaha]; wa-ʰtsi-shka (wa-ṭsi-shka) - a brook, obsolete among the Osage, but still used by the Omaha [FL-Osage]; wa-chiⁿ-shka (wachíⁿshka) - river, small, a stream or creek, archaic [Kaw]

 

stream, bend in a stream

► ni ba-shaⁿ-knaⁿ (ni bášąkną́) - bend in a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; ba-shaⁿ (bášą) - bend

► Dhegiha: ba-shoⁿ (ba-shóⁿ) - incurve, the bend of a river; crooked [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: ba-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (bashoⁿshoⁿ) - crooked; uneven [Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (bashóⁿ-shoⁿ) - zigzag; in a zigzag way [FL-Osage]

 

stream, current in a stream

► ni sa-ki (ni sáki) - current in a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; sa-ki (sákki) - rapid, as a stream, man, horse

► Dhegiha: ni u-sa-gi (ni-u-çá-gi) - current, as of water [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: sa-gi (sagí) - firm, fast, tight; difficult to untie or loosen; hard as sweet corn before it is boiled [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-gi-gi (sagígi) - quick, swift, fast, firm, hard, tight repeatedly or in several places; quick, swift, fast [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-gi (ça-gí) - firm; solid; strong; hard; durable; lasting; tough; inflexible; not easily bent [FL-Osage]; sa-ki (saakí) - tight, tightly; firm, solid, hard in texture, strong, muscular; difficult, hard to do things with [CQ-Osage]; sa-gi (sagí) - hard, firm, tight; tough; strong, muscular [Kaw]

 

stream, downstream

► a-ka-hi-da (ákahída) - downstream, downwind, with the wind or current

► a-ka-hi-da (ágahída) - south, down (south) [ASG]

► a-ka-hi-da (akahidah) - New Orleans (Nouvelle Orléans) [GI]

► cf. a-ka-hi-da o-ka-xde (ákahída okáxde) - facing downstream, with his back to the wind; a-ka-hi-da-ta-de-de (ákahídattadéde) - southeast, location, direction, “towards the south, downstream”

► Dhegiha: ni-u-ga-hi-tha (ni-ú-ga-hi-tha) - flow of water; a torrent; a current; the flow of a stream [FL-Osage]

 

► o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw, people who went downstream, Quapaw gens (clan) of the same tribe, Dwelt on right side of tribal circle

► o-ka-xpa (okáxpa), o-ga-xpa (ogáxpa) - Quapaw [MS, AB, OM]

► o-ka-xpa (o ̇GáxBa) - Quapaw [person or tribe] [FS]

► cf. o-ka-xpa i-de (okáxpa idé) - south, wind or quarter, conveys idea of going downstream; ka-xpa (káxpa) - south wind; o-ka-xpa-ki-de (okáxpakkíde) - be adopted as a Quapaw; o-ka-xpa-xti (okáxpaxti) - town name: “Real Quapaws”, one of the 5 villages; spelled Kappa, Cappa, Cappaha, etc.; o-ka-xpa-de (okáxpade) - knock off, cause to fall off; o-ka-xpa za-ni (okáxpa zaní) - all kápas [ASG]

► Dhegiha: u-ga-xpa (u-gá-qpa) - “those who went down the stream,” the kwapas or Quapaws, they were known to the Illinois tribes as the “Arkansas” or “Alkansas”; the Ponkas and Omahas us “ugaha” where the Kwapas do “ugaqpa,” to denote motion down a stream, with the current, the opposite term in “k͓imaⁿhaⁿ” [JOD-Omaha]; u-ga-xpa (ugaxpa) - Quapaw Tribe [Omaha]; u-ga-xpa ga-xa (u-gá-xpa ga-xa) - Quapaw Creek, Okla [FL-Osage]; o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw Indians [CQ-Osage]; o-ga-xpa (ogáxpa) - Quapaw tribe or people, “The down-stream people,” so called because their ancestors went down the Mississippi, while the Omahas, Ponca, Osages, and Kansa, went up that stream, after leaving the mouth of the Ohio (River). The Ogáxpa or Kwapas have been called Shappas, Shapahas, Kapahas, Quappas, Quapaws, etc. They were also known in early colonial days as the Akansa or Arkansa [Kaw]

 

► o-ka-xpa i-de (okáxpa idé) - south, wind or quarter, conveys idea of going downstream

► o-ka-xpa i-de (okáxpa idé) - south [MS]

► cf. o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw, people who went downstream; ka-xpa (káxpa) - south wind; o-ka-xpa-de (okáxpade) - knock off, cause to fall off

► Dhegiha: u-ga-xpa (u-gá-qpa) - “those who went down the stream,” the kwapas or Quapaws, they were known to the Illinois tribes as the “Arkansas” or “Alkansas”; the Ponkas and Omahas us “ugaha” where the Kwapas do “ugaqpa,” to denote motion down a stream, with the current, the opposite term in “k͓imaⁿhaⁿ” [JOD-Omaha]; u-ga-xpa (ugaxpa) - Quapaw Tribe [Omaha]; u-ga-xpa ga-xa (u-gá-xpa ga-xa) - Quapaw Creek, Okla [FL-Osage]; o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw Indians [CQ-Osage]; o-ga-xpa (ogáxpa) - Quapaw tribe or people, “The down-stream people,” so called because their ancestors went down the Mississippi, while the Omahas, Ponca, Osages, and Kansa, went up that stream, after leaving the mouth of the Ohio (River). The Ogáxpa or Kwapas have been called Shappas, Shapahas, Kapahas, Quappas, Quapaws, etc. They were also known in early colonial days as the Akansa or Arkansa [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: u-ga-xpa-the (ugáqpathe) - to make large objects, fruit, leaves, etc., fall from a height by shaking or hitting: to blow down, as the wind does the leaves [Omaha/Ponca]; u-ga-xpa-the (u-gá-xpa-the) - to be thrown from a horse [FL-Osage]; o-ga-xpa-ye (ogáxpaye) - knock somebody off from a height, as from a horse, perch, etc. [Kaw]

 

stream, face upstream or face the wind

► ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ka-xde (kkímąhą okáxde) - face upstream, face the wind ► ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-a-ka-xde (kkímąhą óakáxde) - I, ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-da-ka-xde (kkímąhą ódakáxde) - you

► cf. ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímąhą) - against the wind or current; o-ka-xde (okáxde) - face a certain direction, face a direction, facing towards; i-maⁿ-ha (imąha), i-ma-ha (imaha) - a Quapaw village, the ‘up river’ Quapaw village

► Dhegiha: ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ u-ga-xthe (kímoⁿhoⁿ úgaqthe) - facing the coming wind or current [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰki-moⁿ-hoⁿ u-ga-xthe (ḳí-moⁿ-hoⁿ u-ga-xthe) - facing the wind [FL-Osage]; ʰki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ka-le (ʰkímąhą okále) - facing the wind [CQ-Osage]; ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ga-xle (kímaⁿhaⁿ ogáxle) - facing the wind or upstream [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (kímoⁿhoⁿ) - against the wind or current, hence is derivation of the name of the Omahas [Omaha/Ponca]; ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (kimoⁿhoⁿ) - go against [Omaha]; ʰki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (ḳí-moⁿ-hoⁿ) - to face the wind, against the wind, current or upstream, windward [FL-Osage]; ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímaⁿhaⁿ) - against the current or wind, upstream [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: u-ga-xthe (úgaqthe) - to be facing a certain direction [Omaha/Ponca]; o-ka-le (okále) - face a certain direction [CQ-Osage]; o-ga-xle (ogáxle) - facing, face a direction, facing towards [Kaw]

 

stream, facing downstream

► a-ka-hi-da o-ka-xde (ákahída okáxde) - facing downstream, with his back to the wind ► a-ka-hi-da o-a-ka-xde (ákahída oákaxde) - I, a-ka-hi-da o-da-ka-xde (ákahída odákaxde) - you

► cf. a-ka-hi-da (ákahída) - downstream, downwind, with the wind or current; a-ka-hi-da (ágahída) - south, down (south) [ASG]; a-ka-hi-da (akahidah) - New Orleans (Nouvelle Orléans) [GI]; a-ka-hi-da-ta-de-de (ákahídattadéde) - southeast, location, direction, “towards the south, downstream”; o-ka-xde (okáxde) - face a certain direction, face a direction, facing towards

► Dhegiha: hi-de u-ga-xthe (híde úgaqthe) - facing, downward, downstream, facing the bottom or lower part, facing the mouth of a stream [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: ni-u-ga-hi-tha (ni-ú-ga-hi-tha) - flow of water; a torrent; a current; the flow of a stream [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: u-ga-xthe (úgaqthe) - to be facing a certain direction [Omaha/Ponca]; o-ka-le (okále) - face a certain direction [CQ-Osage]; o-ga-xle (ogáxle) - facing, face a direction, facing towards [Kaw]

 

stream, far out in a stream

► ni-ka-haⁿ (ni káhą) - far out in a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; ka-haⁿ (káhą) - far out in

► ex: ni-ka-haⁿ (ni káhą) - stream/far out in [JOD]

► ex: maⁿ-te o-a-ki-kniⁿ, ni ka-haⁿ a-kʰi taⁿ, kʰi o-do-tʰe niⁿ (mątté oákiknį́, ni káhą akʰí tą, kʰi odotʰé nį) - I sat in my canoe, when I reached far out in the stream, the man eater reached there (the shore) [JOD]

 

stream, ferry passengers across stream

► wa-ki-to (wakítto) - ferry passengers across stream ► a-wa-ki-to (awákitto) - I, wa-da-ki-to (wadákitto) - you

 

stream, ford a stream

► di-te (ditté) - cross a stream ► bdi-te (bdítte) - I, ti-te (ttítte) - you

► cf. ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - ford a stream; wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish’s name [MS, JOD]; a-ki-di-te (ákkiditte) - crossing each other; a-ki-di-te-te (ákkidittétte) - crisscrossed, interlaced, as boughs, vines, etc.; o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ki-di-te (ožǫ́ke ákkiditte) - crossroads

► Dhegiha: thi-te (¢i-t͓é) - to cross, as a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; ni u-thi-ʰtse (ni-ú-thi-ṭse) - to cross a ford [FL-Osage]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

 

► ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - ford a stream ► ni bdi-te bde (ni bdítte bdé) - I, ni ti-te te (ni ttítte tté) - you

► cf. ni (ni) - water; di-te (ditté) - cross a stream; de (de) - go; wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish’s name [MS, JOD]; a-ki-di-te (ákkiditte) - crossing each other; a-ki-di-te-te (ákkidittétte) - crisscrossed, interlaced, as boughs, vines, etc.; o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ki-di-te (ožǫ́ke ákkiditte) - crossroads

► Dhegiha: thi-te (¢i-t͓é) - to cross, as a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; ni u-thi-ʰtse (ni-ú-thi-ṭse) - to cross a ford [FL-Osage]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

 

► zho-he (žohe) - ford, wade

► cf. a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - ford a stream

► Dhegiha: zhu-he (zhúhe) - to ford a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; zhu-he (zhú-he) - to ford or wade a stream [FL-Osage]; zho-pshe (žópše) - wade [CQ-Osage]

 

► a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - ford a stream ► a-ni-zho-he (ánižóhe) - I, a-da-ni-zho-he (ádanižóhe) - you

► cf. ni (ni) - water; zho-he (žohe) - ford, wade

► Dhegiha: ni-zhu-he (nízhuhe) - wade [Omaha]; zhu-he (zhúhe) - to ford a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; zhu-he (zhú-he) - to ford or wade a stream [FL-Osage]; zho-pshe (žópše) - wade [CQ-Osage]; ni zho-pʰe (ni zhóphe) - to ford, to wade in shallow water [Kaw]

 

stream, jump and go over a stream

► a-zha-ko-i-de (ážakkóidé) - jump over something; jump and go over a stream, log, etc. ► a-a-zha-ko-i-bde (áažakkóibdé) - I, a-da-zha-ko-i-te (ádažakkóitté) - you, oⁿ-ka-zha-ko-i-da-we (ǫkážakóidawé) - we

► cf. zha-ko-i-de (žakkóide), (žakoide) - jump; zha-ka i-de (žákka íde), zha-ko-i-de (žakóide) - jump a rope; zha-ka i-naⁿ-naⁿ (žakká iną́ną), zha-ko-i-naⁿ-naⁿ (žakkoinąną) - jump, make sudden leaps; zha-ko-i-naⁿ-na ka-xe (žakkóinąną́ kaγé) - make a horse prance; a-zha-ki i-de (ážakki íde) - jump rope; o-zha (óža) - dance

 

stream, to follow the course of a stream

► ni o-ha (ní ohá) - to follow the course of a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; o-ha (ohá) - following, following its course, going along [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha (ní ohá) - stream/following its course [JOD]

► ex: ta-bde aⁿ-ka-de, ni o-ha naⁿ-hi aⁿ-de aⁿ-niⁿ naⁿ, koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti shi-a-pe aⁿ-ka-de (tábde ąkáde, ní ohá nąhí ą́de ą́nį ną, kóišǫ́ttą étti šiápe ąkáde) - we went hunting, we were following along the course of the stream/water, then we went ashore there [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha (ní ohá) - water (stream)/following its course [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha (ní ohá) - stream/following its course [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha naⁿ kde e-shoⁿ-hi ki, i-ya-we (ní ohá ną kdé éšǫhi kí, iyáwe) - she followed the course of the stream/water heading home, after some time she reached home, they say [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha (ni ohá) - water/going along [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke tʰaⁿ ni o-ha wa-taⁿ a-ki-de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą šʔaké tʰą ni ohá wattą́ akidé tta tʰą́ ną) - then the old man was about to go after goods along the creek/river [JOD]

► Dhegiha: u-ha (uhá) - following, following it, following the course [JOD-Omaha]; u-ha u-ga-shoⁿ (uha ugashoⁿ) - tour [Omaha]; ha (ha) - through (direction), along a path, in a direction, by way of, from [CQ-Osage]

 

► ni o-pa (ní opá) - following along a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; o-pa (opá) - along (=following) [JOD]

► ex: ni o-pa a-niⁿ kda-wi (ní opá anį́ kdáwi) - they took him homeward along/following the water (river) [JOD]

► Dhegiha: u-ʰpa (u-p̣á) - length and breadth [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰki-gtha-dse u-ʰpa (wá-ḳi-gtha-dse u-p̣a) - to obey the law [FL-Osage]; u-gi-ʰpa (u-gí-p̣a) - to obey, to retrace [FL-Osage]; o-pxa (opxá), o-pxaⁿ (opxą́) - follow as a path, go through or down as a road [CQ-Osage]; o-pha (ophá) - follow the course of a stream or a road [Kaw]

 

stream, upstream

► i-maⁿ-ha (imąha), i-ma-ha (imaha) - a Quapaw village, the ‘up river’ Quapaw village

► ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímąhą) - against the wind or current

► ex: ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ka-xde (kkímąhą okáxde) - face upstream, face the wind

► Dhegiha: ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (kímoⁿhoⁿ) - against the wind or current, hence is derivation of the name of the Omahas [Omaha/Ponca]; ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (kimoⁿhoⁿ) - go against [Omaha]; ʰki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (ḳí-moⁿ-hoⁿ) - to face the wind, against the wind, current or upstream, windward [FL-Osage]; ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímaⁿhaⁿ) - against the current or wind, upstream [Kaw]

 

stream, to go along beside a stream

► ni a-ba-knaⁿ-ta de (ni ábaknątta de) - to go along a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; a-ba-knaⁿ-ta (ábaknątta) - along, beside, by, along side; a-pa-kda (ápakda) - along; de (de) - go

► ex: ni a-ba-knaⁿ-ta bde (ni ábaknątta bdé) - I go along the stream

 

stream, wind as a road or stream

► a-ka-ki-zhe (ákakíže) - wind, as a road or stream

► cf. di-ki-ki-zhe (dikíkiže) - coils in

► ex: o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ka-ki-zhe (ožǫ́ke ákakíže) - winding road

► Dhegiha: thi-gi…zhe (thigí...zhe) - to lay in coils [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-gi-zhe (gagízhe) - coiled, as a rope or lariat [Omaha/Ponca]; te-shi-be u-ga-gi-zhe (teshíbe ugágizhe) - the coiled entrails of animals [Omaha/Ponca]

 

strength, health

► ko-ke (kkókke) - health, strength

► ko-ke (kkokké) - be physically healthy ► aⁿ-ko-ke (ąkkókke) - I’m, di-ko-ke (dikkókke) - you’re

► cf. ko-ka-zhi (kkokkáži) - weak, feeble; ki-ko-ke (kikkókke) - recover, get well

 

strengthen, make strong

► wa-shkaⁿ-hi ka-xe (wašką́hi káγe) - strengthen, make strong

► cf. wa-shkaⁿ (wašką́) - strong, be strong; wa-shkaⁿ-hi (wašką́hi), wa-shkoⁿ-hi (waškǫ́hi) - hard, with great effort; wa-shkoⁿ-hi a-ki-di-taⁿ (waškǫ́hi ákkidittą́) - to pull hard on; wa-shkaⁿ taⁿ-ka (wašką́ttąka) - powerful, all-powerful; wa-shkaⁿ taⁿ-ka (wa-ckáⁿ táñ-k͓a) - a nickname of te zhi-ka (tejik͓a) of the Buffalo gens; All Powerful [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wa-shkoⁿ-hi (washkóⁿhi) - Strength (of Thunder), name [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: wa-shkaⁿ (wa-ckaⁿ) - to make an effort or attempt; to persevere; an effort, attempt [JOD-Omaha]; wa-shkoⁿ (washkoⁿ) - energy [Omaha]; wa-shkoⁿ (wa-shkóⁿ) - strength, might, force, power, to struggle hard, effort, to make an effort [FL-Osage]; wa-shkaⁿ (waašką́) - try hard, do one’s best, make an effort, struggle, strength, might, force, power [CQ-Osage]; wa-shkaⁿ (washkáⁿ) - try, do one's best, make an effort [Kaw]

 

stretch

► zi-ke (zíke) - stretch

► cf. zi-zi-ke (zízike) - stretching [ASG]

► ex: bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight

► ex: da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth

► ex: di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling

► ex: ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone

► ex: kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch or pull one’s own

► ex: naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it

► ex: hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

► Dhegiha: zi-zi-ge (zízige) - India-rubber; any elastic object [Omaha/Ponca]; zi-zi-ge (çiçige) - springy [Omaha]

 

stretch apart

► di-xa-taⁿ (diγáttą) - stretch apart ► bdi-xa-taⁿ (bdíγattą) - I, ti-xa-taⁿ (ttíγattą) - you

► di-xa-taⁿ (dixattą́), di-xa-tʰaⁿ (dixatʰą́) - spread out, as a turkey’s tail

► Dhegiha: thi-xa-daⁿ (¢i-xá-daⁿ) - to open out [JOD-Omaha]; thi-xa-doⁿ (thiqádoⁿ) - to disorder hair (of the head) or feathers by pulling [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stretch by pulling

► di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling ► bdi-zi-ke (bdízike) - I, ti-zi-ke (ttízike) - you

► cf. di (di) - by hand, pulling; cause by using the hands; bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch one’s own, pull; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone; naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it

► Dhegiha: thi-zi (thizí) - to stretch or strain by pulling; to stretch, as a skin [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-zi (thizi) - stretch [Omaha]; thi-zi-tha (thi-çí-tha) - to stretch, as distend [FL-Osage]; thi-zi-the (ðiizíðe) - stretch [CQ-Osage]

 

stretch from pressure or weight

► bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight ► pi-zi-ke (ppízike) - I, shpi-zi-ke (špízike) - you

► cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch one’s own, pull; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone; naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it

► Dhegiha: bi-zi (bizí) - to stretch an object by pressure or bearing down on, as in sitting or lying [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stretch one’s legs, straighten

► naⁿ-sa-ta (nąsátta) - stretch or straighten one’s legs ► a-naⁿ-sa-ta (aną́satta) - I, da-naⁿ-sa-ta (daną́satta) - you

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; sa-ta (sátta) - stiff, straightened out, rigid, stretched, straightened

► Dhegiha: ki-naⁿ-sa-da (k͓i-naⁿ́-sa-da) - refl. of naⁿ-sa-da (naⁿsada); to stretch his limbs by running or walking; to take a walk for the sake of exercise [JOD-Omaha]; noⁿ-sa-da (noⁿ-çá-da) - to stretch anything with the foot, as one stretches a tight pair of moccasins [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: sa-da (sáda) - stretched, straightened out, as an arm or leg [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-da (çá-da) - stretched, stretch, stiff, rigid, stiff-jointed [FL-Osage]; sa-ta (sáta) - stiff, rigid, stiffened [CQ-Osage]; sa-da (sáda) - stiff, straightened out [Kaw]

 

stretch or pull one’s own

► kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch or pull one’s own ► a-kdi-zi-ke (akdízike) - I, da-kdi-zi-ke (dakdízike) - you

► cf. bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure/weight; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone; naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

 

stretch out on something, to stretch and lengthen

► a-ka-zi (ákazi) - stretch out on something, to stretch and lengthen

► ex: a-ka-zi i-he a-zhaⁿ-taⁿ bdi-ze (ákazi íhe ažą́ttą bdizé) - I stretch out on an object and I take something else

► ex: a-ka-zi i-he a-taⁿ di-ze (ákazi íhe áttą dizé) - to stretch out on an object and take something else

► Dhegiha: a-ga-zi (ágazi) - to stretch out on; to reach out to; to stretch and lengthen [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: i-ga-zi-ge (í-ga-çi-ge) - to stretch, as limbs in growing [FL-Osage]

 

stretch out the hand to someone

► da-ki-a-tiⁿ (dakkiattį́) - stretch out hand to someone

► ex: noⁿ-pe da-ki-a-ti (nǫpé dakkiattį́) - extend the arm towards person

 

stretch something by treading on it

► naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it ► a-naⁿ-zi-ke (aną́zike) - I, da-naⁿ-zi-ke (daną́zike) - you

► cf. bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch or pull one’s own; zi-zi-ke (zízike) - stretching [ASG]; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

► Dhegiha: gi-noⁿ-zi-zi-ge (ginóⁿzizíge) - possessive of noⁿ-zi-zi-ge (nóⁿzizíge); to stretch his own moccasins or shoes by walking in them [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stretch something for someone

► ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone ► a-bdi-zi-ke (ábdizike) - I, da-ti-zi-ke (dáttizike) - you

► cf. di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure/weight; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch or pull one’s own; naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

► Dhegiha: thi-zi (thizí) - to stretch or strain by pulling; to stretch, as a skin [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-zi (thizi) - stretch [Omaha]; thi-zi-tha (thi-çí-tha) - to stretch, as distend [FL-Osage]; thi-zi-the (ðiizíðe) - stretch [CQ-Osage]

 

stretch with the mouth

► da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth ► bda-zi-ke (bdázike) - I, ta-zi-ke (ttázike) -you

► cf. da (da) - by mouth; bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight; di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch one’s own, pull; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone; naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

► Dhegiha: tha-zi (thazí) - to stretch by biting and pulling with the teeth [Omaha/Ponca]

 

stretched out

► ka-kda-hi (kakdáhi) - stretched out

► cf. naⁿ-pe ba-kda (nąpé bakdá) - open the hand; bi-kda (bikdá) - press out, push/blow loose; da-kda (dakdá) - undo with the mouth, teeth; di-kda (dikdá) - undo, untie, pull loose; di-ki-kda-ha (díkkidáha) - separate, sort; di-ki-kda (dikkíkda) - open, lift off as a door/plank; ka-kda (kakdá) - sway; naⁿ-kda (nąkdá) - loosen; come undone, as a shoelace

► Dhegiha: ga-gtha (gagthá) - said of a horse carrying a pack: as he walks the motion causes the thongs to come undone [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-gtha (ga-gthá) - untangle; to make one’s hair become undone by accident [FL-Osage]; ga-la-ya (galáya) - cause to uncoil by throwing or striking, as a spool of thread or wire; wind or other natural force to cause an object to fall and spread out (coming undone); comb out, cause hair to come undone by running a comb through, such as braids [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: gtha (gtha) - unbraided, unwoven [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: gtha-tha (gthátha) - unbraided, unwoven, unraveled [Omaha/Ponca]; gtha-tha (gtha-tha) - to unravel [FL-Osage]; la-ya (layá) - opened out, untied, uncoiled, undone [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ba-gtha (bagthá) - to undo braided hair, plaited rope, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]

► Dhegiha: thi-gtha-tha (thi-gthá-tha) - to unravel, unbraid [FL-Osage]; yu-la-ya (yuláya) - open out, spread out, as the hand; pull open or separate, as the leaves of a book, by turning with the hand; open out, spread out, as the hand [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: thi-gtha-wa (thi-gthá-wa) - to stretch a rope, to stretch [FL-Osage]; thu-la-wa (ðuuláwa) - spread, spread out (e.g., a tarpaulin, a blanket, corn to be dried) [CQ-Osage]

► Dhegiha: naⁿ-la-ya (naⁿláya) - to come undone, as a moccasin string; straighten with the foot, as a crooked stick [Kaw]

 

stretched, straightened, stiff, straightened out, rigid

► sa-ta (sátta) - stiff, straightened out, rigid, stretched, straightened

► ex: naⁿ-sa-ta (nąsátta) - stretch or straighten one’s legs

► Dhegiha: sa-da (sáda) - stretched, straightened out, as an arm or leg [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-da (çá-da) - stretched, stretch, stiff, rigid, stiff-jointed [FL-Osage]; sa-ta (sáta) - stiff, rigid, stiffened [CQ-Osage]; sa-da (sáda) - stiff, straightened out [Kaw]

 

stretching

► zi-zi-ke (zízike) - stretching [ASG]

► cf. zi-ke (zíke) - stretch

► ex: hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose

► Dhegiha: zi-zi-ge (zízige) - India-rubber; any elastic object [Omaha/Ponca]; zi-zi-ge (çiçige) - springy [Omaha]

 

Back to Top