English to Quapaw Dictionary

A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z
Quapaw Sources Dhegiha Sources

 

P

 

pulverize

ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize pa-taⁿ-ha (ppáttąha) - I, shpa-taⁿ-ha (špáttąha) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco; po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

 

pulverize by punching or shooting

po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting po-a-taⁿ-ha (póattąha) - I, po-da-taⁿ-ha (pódattąha) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize; bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

 

pulverize or plow the soil

di-to-we (dittówe) - to plow, to pulverize the soil bdi-to-we (bdíttowe) - I, ti-to-we (ttíttowe) - you

cf. we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - plow; ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up; bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something; pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces; po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it’s own accord

Dhegiha: thi-tu-be (thi tube) - grind, pinch [Omaha]; thi-tu-ba-ga (˘iʇúba-gă) - plow it! [JOD-Omaha]; toⁿ-de thi-tu-be (toⁿde thitube) - plow [Omaha]; yu-to-be (yutóbe), yu-to-we (yutówe) - plow, break virgin ground; to grind, grind up [Kaw]; gi-sa-ka yu-to-be (gisáka yutóbe) - plow, break virgin ground [Kaw]; maⁿ-yiⁿ-ka i-yi-to-we (maⁿyíⁿka íyitowe), maⁿ-yiⁿ-ka yi-to-we (maⁿyíⁿka yitówe) - plow, lit. “it breaks the soil” [Kaw]

 

pulverize, crush

bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize pi-taⁿ-ha (ppíttąha) - I, shpi-taⁿ-ha (špíttąha) - you

cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco; po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

 

pulverize, make mellow

di-shoⁿ-ke (dišǫké) - pulverize, make mellow bdi-shoⁿ-ke (bdíšǫke) - I, ti-shoⁿ-ke (ttíšǫke) - you

cf. wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de (wažǫ́ke skíde), wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de (wašǫ́ke skíde) - sugar; wa-zhoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wažǫ́ke skíde kdókdo), wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de kdo-kdo (wašǫ́ke skíde kdókdo) - molasses, syrup, “ropy sugar”; wa-shoⁿ-ke ski-de di-be-bni (wašǫ́ke skíde dibébni) - candy, spiral stick candy

 

pulverize, pound

ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize a-taⁿ-ha (áttąha) - I, da-taⁿ-ha (dáttąha) - you

cf. ka (ka) - by striking, by action of wind or water; ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize; bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco; po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

 

puma, panther, mountain lion, cougar

iⁿ-taⁿ-daⁿ (įttą́dą), taⁿ-daⁿ (ttądą́) - panther, puma, mountain lion, cougar, similar terms are widespread in North America

iⁿ-ta-naⁿ taⁿ-ka (įttánąttą́ka) - panther

iⁿ-ta-naⁿ taⁿ-ka (įttáną ttą́ka) - mountain lion, panther, cougar, puma [MS]

taⁿ-daⁿ taⁿ-ka (ttą́dą ttą́ka) - mountain lion, puma

taⁿ-naⁿ taⁿ-ka (tonon-tunkah) - tiger or panther (tigre ou panthčre) [GI]

taⁿ-daⁿ (ttądą́) - panther, puma, mountain lion

taⁿ-daⁿ e-ni-ka-shi-ka (taⁿd˘áⁿ énikacíka), taⁿ-daⁿ taⁿ-ka e-ni-ka-shi-ka (táⁿd˘aⁿ táńk͓a énikacíka) - the Panther or Mountain Lion gens (clan), obtained from Alphonsus Valliere [JOD]

cf. iⁿ-taⁿ-daⁿ kde-zhe (įttą́dą kdéže) - cat, domestic cat “spotted”; iⁿ-taⁿ-daⁿ kde-zhe zhi-ka (įttą́dą kdéže žíka) - kitten; iⁿ-taⁿ kde-zhe (įttą́ kdéže) - cat, speckled cat [MS, AG]; iⁿ-ta-naⁿ kde-zhe (įttaną kdéze) - bobcat; taⁿ-daⁿ kde-zhe ma-zhaⁿ-a-ti (ttądą́ kdéže mažą́atti) - bobcat, spotted cat; taⁿ-ke kde-she (DąGeGaDé˙še) - cat, domestic [FS]

 

pumpkin

wa-tʰaⁿ o-ha (watʰą óha) - pumpkin

wa-tʰoⁿ to (watʰǫ́ tto) - pumpkin

cf. wa-tʰaⁿ (watʰą́) - watermelon [MS, OM]; wa-tʰaⁿ sa-ka (watʰą́ sákka) - watermelon; wa-tʰaⁿ sa-ka (uaton-sakkah) - honeydew melon (melon d’eau) [GI]; wa-tʰaⁿ si-ta (watʰą sítta) - muskmelon, mushmelon; wa-tʰaⁿ-zi (watʰą́zi), wa-tʰaⁿ-ze (watʰą́ze), wa-tʰoⁿ-zi (watʰǫ́zi), wa-tʰoⁿ-ze (watʰǫ́ze) - corn, maize, squaw corn

Dhegiha: wa-tʰaⁿ (wa-t͓áⁿ) - a pumpkin; a squash [JOD-Omaha]; wa-toⁿ (watoⁿ) - pumpkin, squash, melon [Omaha]; wa-ʰtoⁿ (waṭóⁿ) - pumpkin, squash, or any of the vegetables of that family [FL-Osage]; wa-txaⁿ (watxą́), wa-kxaⁿ (wakxą́) - pumpkin, squash [CQ-Osage]; wa-khaⁿ (wakháⁿ) - pumpkin (generic term) [Kaw]

 

punch along the edge of something

po-zi-pa (pózippa) - punch along the edge of something po-a-zi-pa (póazíppa) - I, po-da-zi-pa (pódazíppa) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ba-zi-pa (bazíppa) - edge, nudge, push on edge; bi-zi-pa (bizíppa) - sit/lie on the edge, to perch; da-zi-pa (dazíppa) - bite along the edge, nip; di-zi-pa (dizíppa) - grasp or hold by the edge; ka-zi-pa (kazíppa) - chop, cut at the edge; kdi-zi-pa (kdizíppa) - hold, grasp edge of one’s own; ki-di-zi-pa (kídizippa) - hold along the edge for someone; naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - walk along the edge of something; pa-zi-pa (pázippa) - cut along the edge with a knife; ta-zi-pa (tázippa) - burn along the edge of something

 

punch and spin, knock spinning

po-koiⁿ-xa-xa (pókoįγáγa) - knock spinning, punch and spin po-a-koiⁿ-xa-xa (póakóįγaγa) - I, po-da-koiⁿ-xa-xa (pódakóįγaγa) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (kkówįγáγa) - turn round and round; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bikkówįγáγa) - push or blow something in circle; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bikkówįγe) - push, blow in a circle; ba-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bakkówįγáγa) - push round and round; ba-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bakkówįγe) - turn, make revolve, push around; di-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (dikkówįγáγa) - to cause something to wobble; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe (dikkówįγe) - turn, rotate, pull out of line; ka-koiⁿ-xa-xa (kakóįγáγa) - go around and around; ka-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kakkówįγe), ka-koiⁿ-xe (kakoįγe) - turn around, circle; ta-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (tákkowįγáγa) - around in circles, “fire makes him/her/it go around and around”

Dhegiha: bo-ko-mi-ghe (bókomíghe) - blow around in a circle, spin by blowing; to make revolve by blowing on with the mouth, as a paper wheel (pinwheel) or windmill [Kaw]; bu-ko-mi-ghe (bukómighe) - turn around in one’s seat [Kaw]

Dhegiha: wiⁿ-xe (wįγe), iⁿ-xe (į́γe) - turn, spin, whirl, around [CQ-Osage]; ʰkoiⁿ-xe (ʰkóįγe) - turn, turn around [CQ-Osage]

 

punch or shoot apart or to pieces

po-za-za-te (pózazátte) - punch, shoot apart/to pieces po-a-za-za-te (póazazátte) - I, po-da-za-za-te (pódazazátte) - you

cf. ba-za-za-te (bazázatte) - cut, stab to shreds; bi-za-za-te (bizázatte) - split from pressure; da-za-za-te (dazázatte) - chew something to slivers; di-za-za-te (dizázatte) - pull to shreds; ka-za-za-te (kazázatte) - chop to pieces, slivers; naⁿ-za-za-te (nązázatte) - kick to pieces, splinters; pa-za-za-te (pázazátte) - split, shred, cut to splinters

Dhegiha: za-za-de (zazade) - ragged [Omaha]; za-za-de (zá-za-de) - extending apart, similar to the sticks of a fan, projecting in fanlike rays, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-thi-za-za-de (ithi zazade) - jagged [Omaha]; ga-za-za-de (ga-zá-za-de) - to hackle, as corn-husks; to tear clothing in shreds or strips [JOD-Omaha]

Dhegiha: ga-za-za-be (ga-çá-ça-be) - to whip with a switch or a quirt; to thrash [FL-Osage]; ga-za-za-be (gazázabe) - beat a stick into slivers [Kaw]; ba-za-za-be (bazázabe) - push apart into slivers [Kaw]; ba-za-za-be (bázazábe) - cut to slivers with a knife [Kaw]; ya-za-za-be (yazázabe) - chew into slivers, chew to pieces [Kaw]; yu-za-za-be (yuzázabe) - twist to pieces; to twist a stick into slivers [Kaw]

 

punch or shoot into view

po-wa-di-shta (pówadišta) - punch, shoot into view po-a-wa-di-shta (póawádišta) - I, po-da-wa-di-shta (pódawádišta) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; wa-di-shta (wadíšta) - visible, plain; di-shta (dištá) - smoothe, plane, sand; shta (šta) - smooth, bald, bare; ba-wa-di-shta (bawádišta) - knock into view; da-wa-di-shta (dawádištá) - declare a thing to be something; ka-wa-di-shta (kawádišta) - uncover, open up; naⁿ-wa-di-shta (nąwádišta) - uncover with the feet; ta-wa-di-shta (táwadíšta) - burn off, clear by burning; pa-wa-di-shta (páwadišta) - skin an animal

Dhegiha: wa-thi-shna (wa-˘í-c͓na) - to be visible, clear, plain [JOD-Omaha]; wa-yu-shta (wayúshta) - visible, to be in sight [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-wa-thi-shna (ba-wá-˘i-c͓na) - to punch at an object under the surface of the water, etc., making it appear [JOD-Omaha]; ga-wa-thi-shna (ga-wá-˘i-c͓na) - to make visible by digging, as something buried under ground, snow, etc.; to blow off the sand or snow, causing what was covered to appear [JOD-Omaha]; shi-wa-thi-shna (shíwathishna) - appear [Omaha]; thi-wa-thi-shna (thi wathishna) - reveal, show, bring out [Omaha]

 

punch or shoot to pieces

po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces po-a-to-we (póattówe) - I, po-da-to-we (pódattówe) - you

cf. ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up; bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; di-to-we (dittówe) - plow, pulverize the soil

we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - plow; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; ka-to-we de-de (kattówe déde) - throw at and shatter; pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces; naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it’s own accord

Dhegiha: a-ba-tu-be (ábatube) - crush, to crush on something by punching, pounding, or ramming [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-tu-be (bitúbe) - crumble, to make something crumble by weight or pressure, as an old log or stump [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-tu-be (gátube) - crumble [Omaha]; tha-tu-be (thátube) - crush with the teeth, chew [Omaha]; ba-ʰto-be (bá-ṭo-be) - to slice, to cut up [FL-Osage]; ga-ʰto-be (ga-ṭo-be) - to shatter, to pulverize [FL-Osage]; ba-to-be (batóbe) - grind, pound fine [Kaw]; yu-to-we (yutówe), yu-to-be (yutóbe) - plow, break virgin ground, to grind, grind up [Kaw]; i-yu-to-we (íyutowe), i-yu-to-be (íyutobe) - tear something up [Kaw]

 

punch or shoot to slivers

po-ste-ste (pósteste) - shoot or punch to slivers po-a-ste-ste (póastéste) - I, po-da-ste-ste (pódastéste) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; po-ste (póste) - graze shooting and gash; ba-ste-ste (bastéste) - cut to shreds, stab repeatedly; ba-ste (basté) - cut into, gash; bi-ste-ste (bistéste) - split repeatedly, shred; bi-ste (bisté) - split, gash; da-ste-ste (dásteste) - chew into slivers, v. split; da-ste (dasté) - split with teeth; di-ste-ste (distéste) - pull into shreds, slivers; di-ste (disté) - split, pull off string; ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to shreds/slivers; ka-ste-ste-ye (kastésteye) - to have cut to shreds; ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split something; naⁿ-ste-ste (nąstéste) - kick or tread to pieces; naⁿ-ste (nąsté) - kick a gash in something; pa-ste-ste (pásteste) - cut to slivers, split often; pa-ste (páste) - gash, cut with a knife blade

Dhegiha: ba-stse-stse-ge (bá-stse-stse-ge) - to gash the skin with a knife [FL-Osage]; ga-stse-stse-ge (ga-stsé-stse-ge) - to gash the skin repeatedly [FL-Osage]; thi-stse-stse-ge (thi-stsé-stse-ge) - to tear into shreds [FL-Osage]; bu-sce-sce-ge (buscéscege) - wear clothing to shreds [Kaw]; ga-stse-stse-ge (gascéscege) - gash the skin or split wood repeatedly [Kaw]; yu-sce-sce-ge (yuscéscege) - cut into strips, pull to shreds [Kaw]

 

punch, burst from a shot or punch

po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch po-a-to-xi (póattóxi) - I, po-da-to-xi (pódattóxi) - you

cf. ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - soda pop, “exploding water”; ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching, pushing; bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - to cause burst by burning

 

punching, break punching

po-xoⁿ (póxǫ) - shoot in two, break punching po-a-xoⁿ (poáxǫ) - I, po-da-xoⁿ (pódaxǫ) - you, po-oⁿ-xoⁿ-we (Póǫxǫwé) - we

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; bi-xoⁿ (bixǫ́) - break, crush; da-xoⁿ (daxǫ́) - break by biting; di-xoⁿ (dixǫ́) - break, as a stick with the hands; ka-xoⁿ (kaxǫ́) - break something by hitting it; a-ka-xoⁿ (ákaxǫ) - break something by striking another object; pa-xoⁿ (páxǫ) - cut apart, disjoint

Dhegiha: mu-xaⁿ (mú-qaⁿ) - to break by shooting, as the limb of a tree [JOD-Omaha]; bo-xoⁿ (bóxoⁿ) - break, as a bone, by shooting [Kaw]

Dhegiha: xaⁿ (qaⁿ) - broken, but not in two: said of a chair, bone, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; xoⁿ (xoⁿ) - to break [FL-Osage]; xoⁿ (xoⁿ) - break, (be) broken; (be) broke, without money or penniless (a loan translation) [CQ-Osage]; xoⁿ (xoⁿ) - broken, but not in two, used in reference to wood, bones, metal, etc. [Kaw]

 

punching, burst by punching or pushing

ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching or pushing pa-to-xi (ppáttoxi) - I, shpa-to-xi (špáttoxi) - you

cf. bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch; ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - soda pop, “exploding water”; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - to cause burst by burning

 

punching, by punching, shooting, blowing

po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching: outer instrumental prefix

Dhegiha: bu (bu) - to shoot and send a thing rolling [FL-Osage]; po (pó) - by means of sudden intrusive action e.g., ‘by shooting’, ‘by punching’ [CQ-Osage]; bo (bó) - instrumental prefix: by punching, blowing with the mouth, by shooting [Kaw]

 

punching, cause to dry up from punching

po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching po-a-ta-xe (póattaxe) - I, po-da-ta-xe (pódattaxe) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

 

punching, dull by punching

po-to-ke (póttoke) - dull by punching, as a spear po-a-to-ke (póattoke) - I, po-da-to-ke (pódattoke) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ba-to-ke (battóke) - wear away, wear out; bi-to-ke (bittóke) - wear away by rubbing or file; da-to-ke (dattóke) - dull, wear the teeth, blunt; di-to-ke (dittóke) - dull, blunt a tool; ka-to-ke (kattóke) - wear down by striking, to dull; naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes; pa-to-ke (páttoke) - wear away a knife blade

 

punching, kill vegetation by punching

po-ta-t’e (póttatʔe) - kill vegetation by punching po-a-ta-t’e (poáttatʔe) - I, po-da-ta-t’e (pódattatʔe) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ta (tá) - by extreme temperature, heat or cold; t’e (tʔe) - die; ta-t’e (tátʔe) - withered from heat or cold; ba-ta-t’e (battátʔe) - kill, cause to wither; bi-ta-t’e (bittátʔe) - press to death; da-tʰa-t’e (datʰátʔe) - gnaw to death; di-ta-t’e (dittátʔe) - uproot a plant, pull up; ka-ta-t’e (kattátʔe) - kill, cut off, cause to wither; naⁿ-ta-t’e (nąttátʔe) - trample to death; pa-ta-t’e (páttatʔe) - wither, cause by cutting; ta-ta-t’e (táttatʔe) - wither from exposure to heat

Dhegiha: tha-na-t’e-ga (thanát’ega) - kill, bite, to kill plants by biting around the roots, as rabbits do [Omaha/Ponca]; da-ʰts’e-ga (dá-ṭs’e-ga) - wilted, withered [FL-Osage]; thi-da-ts’e-ga (thi-dá-ts’e-ga) - to cause green plants to wither by rough handling [FL-Osage]; ba-da-ts’e-ga (bádats’ega) - cause a tree or bush to wilt by cutting [Kaw]; ba-da-ts’e-ga (badáts’ega) - cause vegetation to wilt punching or by rooting up the ground [Kaw]; da-ts’e-ga (dáts’ega) - be withered, killed, or injured by heat [Kaw]; ga-da-ts’e-ga (gadáts’ega) - wind to dry something a little, especially fresh meat which is hung up, by blowing on it [Kaw]; naⁿ-da-ts’e-ga (naⁿdáts’ega) - trample, make vegetation wither by treading on, as grass [Kaw]; naⁿ-da-ts’e-ye (naⁿdáts’čye) - trample, make wither by treading on, as grass [Kaw]; ya-ts’e-ga (yats’éga) - wither from being gnawed on, as a plant [Kaw]; ya-da-ts’e-ga (yadáts’ega) - kill plants by gnawing on them, as rabbits, to make vegetation wither by gnawing on the bark or at the roots, as rabbits do in winter [Kaw]; yu-da-ts’e-ga (yudáts’ega) - wilt from being pulled up, as plants, wood [Kaw]

 

punching, knock over punching

po-xa-da (póxada) - knock over punching, topple po-a-xa-da (póaxadá) - I, po-da-xa-da (pódaxáda) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; bi-xa-da (bixáda) - cause to fall of own weight; di-xa-da (dixáda) - pull over, topple, flip; ka-xa-da (kaxáda) - fell, cut down, knock down; naⁿ-xa-da (nąxadá) - kick over, topple with the foot; ta-xa-da (táxadá) - topple by burning, burn down; ta-xa-da-de (táxadadé) - topple by burning away base

 

punching, move something by punch or shooting

po-ti-ze (póttize), po-tʰi-ze (pótʰize) - move something by punching or shooting po-a-ti-ze (póattíze) - I, po-da-ti-ze (pódattíze) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ba-ti-ze (battíze), ba-tʰi-ze (batʰíze) - move something by pushing; bi-ti-ze (bittíze) - move something by pressing or blowing; di-ti-ze (dittíze) - move by pulling something; ki-pa-ti-ze (kíppattíze) - move one’s possession by pushing; ki-kdi-ti-ze (kkíkdittíze) - move something for one’s own benefit; naⁿ-ti-ze (nąttíze) - kick along, move something with feet

 

punching, pulverize by punching or shooting

po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting po-a-taⁿ-ha (póattąha) - I, po-da-taⁿ-ha (pódattąha) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize; bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

 

punching, shorten by punching or shooting

po-te-shka (pótteška) - shorten by shooting/punching po-a-te-shka (póatteška) - I, po-da-te-shka (pódatteška) - you

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; te-shka (ttešká) - short, stubby; ma-ze te-shka (mazé ttéška) - pistol; bi-te-shka (bittešká) - press down, rub down; da-te-shka (dattešká) - bite off, shorten; di-te-shka (dittešká), (dittéška) - shorten, cut short, saw off; ka-te-shka (kattešká) - shorten by chopping off; pa-te-shka (pátteška) - cut short with a knife; ta-te-shka (tátteška) - shorten by burning, burn off; ta-te-shka-a-de (tátteškade) - shorten by burning, burn off

Dhegiha: te-shka (téshka), che-shka (chéshka) - short [Omaha/Ponca]; je-shka (jeshka) - short [Omaha]; te-shka (té-cka), tshe-shka (tcé-cka) - short [JOD-Omaha]; ʰpa-xpe ʰtse-shka (p̣a-xpe ṭse-shka) - the short stunted oak [FL-Osage]

 

punching, spoil something by punching it

po-shi-ke (póšike) - spoil something by punching it po-a-shi-ke (póašike) - I, po-da-shi-ke (pódašike) - you, po-oⁿ-shi-ke (póǫšike) - we, I and one other

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly; ba-shi-ke (bašiké) - ruin by poking a hole in; bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by pressing, squash; da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly; di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong; ka-shi-ke (kašíke) - spoil something by striking it; naⁿ-shi-ke (nąšíke) - spoil something by stepping on it; pa-shi-ke (pášike) - ruin by cutting with a knife; ta-shi-ke (tášíke) - ruin something by burning it

Dhegiha: shi-ge (shíge) - bad, evil; injury [Kaw]

 

punching, to be unsuccessful punching or shooting

po-iⁿ-zhi (póįži) - to be unsuccessful shooting or punching po-a-iⁿ-zhi (póaį́ži) - I, po-da-iⁿ-zhi (pódaį́ži) - you, po-oⁿ-iⁿ-zha-we (póǫįžawe) - we

cf. po (po) - by shooting, blowing, punching; zhi (-ži) - negative, not; ba-iⁿ-zhi (baį́ži) - fail or miss pushing at something; bi-iⁿ-zhi (biį́ži) - fail/miss pressing/blowing; da-iⁿ-zhi (daį́ži) - fail using the mouth, voice; di-iⁿ-zhi (díįži) - fail in pulling, rowing, etc.; ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži) - fail in throwing or striking; naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - fail in walking or with machine; pa-iⁿ-zhi (páįži) - fail in cutting or sawing; ta-iⁿ-zhi (táįži), (ttáįži) - fail in cooking, as when fire is not hot enough

Dhegiha: bo-iⁿ-ba-zhe (bóibazhe) - botch in shooting, blowing [Kaw]

 

pup, puppy

shoⁿ-zhi-ka (šǫ́žika) - puppy, pup [JOD]

cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little, young; shoⁿ-taⁿ-ka (šǫ́ttąka), shaⁿ-taⁿ-ka (šą́ttąka) - wolf; shoⁿ wa-x’o zhi-ka (šǫ́ waxʔó žíka) - old female dog [JOD)]; shoⁿ-ke a-kniⁿ (šǫ́keáknį) - horse, “sit upon dog”; shoⁿ ni-ka (šǫ níkka) - stallion, male horse

ex: shoⁿ-zhi-ka koi-she taⁿ-ka to-wa ke (šǫ́žika koišé ttąká tówa ke) - there were four large pups [JOD]

ex: wa-x’o to-wa ke taⁿ-ha shoⁿ-zhi-ka miⁿ-xti-naⁿ-naⁿ a-niⁿ aⁿ-ha-ze da-we (waxʔó tówa ke tą́ha šǫ́žika mį́xtiną́ną ánį ą́háze dáwe) - the four women, each took a pup as they fled [JOD]

ex: bdo-ka shoⁿ-zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe da-sniⁿ naⁿ wa-di-xe (bdoká šǫ-žiká nįkʰé dasnį ną wadixé) - after he swallowed the whole puppy, he chased them [JOD]

ex: e-te-zha shoⁿ-zhi-ka ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (ettéža šǫ́žiká kíkikną́wi) - then they put their pup down for him [JOD]

ex: shoⁿ-zhi-ka i-naⁿ-pa tʰaⁿ ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (šǫ́žiká ínąp͓á tʰą kíkikną́wi) - they put their second pup down for him [JOD]

ex: e-ti shoⁿ-zhi-ka i-da-bniⁿ tʰaⁿ ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (étti šǫ́žiká ídabnį tʰą kíkikną́wi) - there, they put their third pup down for him [JOD]

ex: e-ti i-to-wa tʰaⁿ o-do-ha-ke ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi, i-ya-we, shoⁿ-zhi-ka (étti ítowa tʰą odóhake kíkikną́wi, iyáwe, šǫ́žiká) - they put down the fourth pup, the last born pup for him, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: shoⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga (shóⁿzhiⁿga) - puppy [Omaha/Ponca]; shaⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga (cáⁿ-jiń-ga) - puppy [JOD-Omaha]; shoⁿ-zhiⁿ (šǫ́žį) - puppy, shortened from (šǫ́ke žįká) “small dog” [CQ-Osage]; shoⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga (shóⁿzhiⁿga) - puppy [Kaw]

Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿge) - horse [Omaha/Ponca]; shaⁿ-ge (cáńge) - a horse [JOD-Omaha]; shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿ-ge) - dog or wolf [FL-Osage]; shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog, wolf [CQ-Osage]; shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿge) - horse, dog [Kaw]

Dhegiha: zhiⁿ-ga (zhíⁿga) - small, little; child, young animal, cub, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; zhiⁿ-ga (zhiⁿga) - small, little [Omaha]; zhiⁿ-ga (jíń-ga) - small, a child, the young of animals; a cub, whelp, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; zhiⁿ-ga (zhiⁿ-ga) - small, little, young, little children [FL-Osage]; zhiⁿ (žį), zhiⁿ-ka (žįká, žį́ka) - small, little; a little, small amount of something; (be) little small, child(ren), little one(s), kid(s) [CQ-Osage]; zhiⁿ-ga (zhíⁿga) - small, the young of an animal, a child [Kaw]

 

pupil of the eye

i-shta o-sha (ištá oša), i-shto-sha (ištóša) - pupil of the eye

cf. i-shta (ištá) - eye; o (o) - locative, place at which, at a place, culmination of a certain action or state, wherein a certain thing takes place, in, inside, into; sha (ša) - dark, indistinct black

Dhegiha: i-shtu-sha-be (ishtúshabe) - iris, “dark part of the eye” [Omaha/Ponca]; iⁿ-shta u-sha be-thoⁿ (iⁿshta usha bethoⁿ) - pupil of the eye [Omaha]; iⁿ-shta u-sha-be (iⁿ-shtá u-sha-be) - the dark of the eye, the pupil [FL-Osage]; i-shta sa-be (ishtá sábe) - pupil of the eye, lit., “eye-black” [Kaw]

 

i-shta maⁿ-te hi zhi-ka hi sa (išta mą́tte hi žika hi sa) - pupil of the eye

cf. i-shta (ištá) - eye; maⁿ-tʰe (mą́tʰe) - inside, in, within, under; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little; hi (hi) - very; sa (sa) - black

Dhegiha: i-shta (ishtá) - eye [Omaha/Ponca]; iⁿ-shta (iⁿshta) - eyes [Omaha]; iⁿ-shta (iⁿ-shtá) - eye, eyes [FL-Osage]; iⁿ-shta (įįštá), i-shta (iištá) - eye [CQ-Osage]; i-shta (ishtá) - the eye, pair of eyes [Kaw]

Dhegiha: maⁿ-te (máⁿ-te) - in, into, within [JOD-Omaha]; moⁿ-te (moⁿte) - inside [Omaha]; moⁿ-tse (móⁿ-tse) - in the deepest of secret places [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-tsʰe (mącʰé) - in the center of something, centrally located, within, underneath [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-che (máⁿche) - underneath, within [Kaw]

Dhegiha: sa-be (sábe) - black, black for a nearby object [Omaha/Ponca]; sa-be (çábe) - black [Omaha]; sa-be (çá-be) - black [FL-Osage]; sa (sa), sa-pe (sápe) - black [CQ-Osage]; sa-be (sábe) - black [Kaw]

 

Purple Martin

ni-shko-shko (niškóško) - purple martin, Progne subis

cf. ni-shko-shko zhi-ka (niškóško žíka) - swallow (various types)

Dhegiha: ni shku-shku(ni ckú-cku) - the martin [JOD-Omaha]; ni shku-shku (ni shku-shku) - barn swallow [Omaha]; ni-shku-shku (ni-shkú-shku) - a swallow; the sand martin or bank swallow; the swallow is believed to be associated with the clouds and thunder, it is most active when a storm approaches [FL-Osage]; ni-shku-shku (nishkúshku) - the purple martin [Kaw]

 

pursue, chase, hunt

di-xe (dixé) - chase, pursue, hunt bdi-xe (bdíxe) - I, ti-xe (ttíxe) - you

cf. ta-si di-xe (ttási dixé) - to hunt muskrat

ex: wa-bdi-xe (wabdíxe) - I chased them [JOD]

ex: wa-bdi-xe a-taⁿ wa-bdi-ze (wabdíxe attą́ wábdize) - I chased them and I caught them [JOD]

ex: di-xa-we (dixawé) - you’all chase him [JOD]

ex: aⁿ-di-xe (ądixé) - he chased me [JOD]

ex: “o-do-tʰe aⁿ-di-xe niⁿ e-de, wi-ti-kaⁿ,” i-ke (“ódotʰe ądíxe nį edé, wittiką́,” iké) - my grandfather, the man eater is chasing me, she said to him [JOD]

ex: kaⁿ naⁿ aⁿ-naⁿ-de hi-de naⁿ aⁿ-di-xe (ką ną ąną́de híde ną́ ądixé) - so when he saw me, he chased me [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ti o-do-ba-ki-xe di-xe naⁿ i-ya-we, ma-shtiⁿ-ke di-ze i-ya-we (kóišǫ́ttą tti odóbakíxe dixé ną iyáwe, maštį́ke dizé iyáwe) - then he chased the rabbit around in a circle within the lodge, and caught the rabbit, they say [JOD]

ex: bdo-ka shoⁿ-zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe da-sniⁿ naⁿ wa-di-xe (bdoká šǫ-žiká nįkʰé dasnį ną wadixé) - after he swallowed the whole puppy, he chased them [JOD]

ex: di-xa-we (dixáwe) - they chased him [JOD]

Dhegiha: thi-xe (thíxe) - chasing, chase after [Omaha]; thi-xe (thi-xé) - to pursue, to chase [FL-Osage]; thu-xi (đuxí) - chase [CQ-Osage]; yu-xe (yuxé) - chase, pursue [Kaw]

 

pus

xdi (xdi) - mucous, pus, corruption

cf. xdi-xdi (xdíxdi), xti-xti (xtíxti) - boil; a sore on the body; pa-xni (ppaxní) - snot, nasal mucus

Dhegiha: xthi (xthi) - sore, opus [Omaha]; xthi (qthi) - ooze, break out; to ooze out as pus from a boil or pimple that has burst; to break out in sores; xthi (xthi) - fester, suppurate [FL-Osage]; xliⁿ (xlíⁿ) - mucus, pus [Kaw]

 

push and send off

ba-taⁿ de-de (battą́ dedé) - push and send off [JOD]

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go

ex: maⁿ-te kʰe ba-taⁿ de-da-taⁿ kde, i-ya-we (mątté kʰe battą́ dedá-ttą kdé, iyáwe) - she pushed with a pole against the bank and sent the canoe off and headed home, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: ba-daⁿ the-the (ba-dáⁿ ˘é-˘ĕ) - to push off a boat, said of the act of one std. on the shore, not on the boat [JOD-Omaha]; ba-daⁿ ye-ye (badáⁿ yéye) - to push a boat off, said of one standing on the bank or shore [Kaw]

Dhegiha: pa-doⁿ (padoⁿ), ba-doⁿ (badoⁿ) - push [Omaha]; ba-daⁿ (ba-dáⁿ) - to push or pole a boat along, i.e., by pushing with a pole or oar against the bank or bottom of a stream; to push a sled from behind [JOD-Omaha]; ba-doⁿ (ba-dóⁿ) - to push [FL-Osage]; ba-daⁿ (badáⁿ) - push, push away, push off, shove over [Kaw]

Dhegiha: the-the (˘é˘ĕ) - send suddenly [JOD-Omaha]; the-the (thé-the) - to send, to transmit [FL-Osage]; the-the (đéeđe) - make go, cause to go, send, mail [CQ-Osage]; ye-ye (yéye) - auxiliary verb indicating sudden movement or forceful action [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ʰki-ʰpa-doⁿ (ḳi-p̣á-doⁿ) - to push one’s self along as in a boat [FL-Osage]; ki-pa-daⁿ (kipádaⁿ) - push oneself along in a boat (reflexive); push off one’s boat while sitting in it (suus) [Kaw]

 

push around, turn, make revolve

ba-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bakkówįγe) - turn, make revolve, push around pa-ko-wiⁿ-xe (ppákkowįγe) - I, shpa-ko-wiⁿ-xe (špákkowįγe) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; ba-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bakkówįγáγa) - push round and round; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bikkówįγe) - push, blow in a circle; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bikkówįγáγa) - push or blow something in circle; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe (dikkówįγe) - turn, rotate, pull out of line; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe i-he-de (dikkówįγe ihéde) - turn something long; di-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (dikkówįγáγa) - to cause something to wobble; ka-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kakkówįγe), ka-koiⁿ-xe (kakoįγe) - turn around, circle; ka-koiⁿ-xa-xa (kakóįγáγa) - go around and around; ki-kdi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kkikdíkkowįγe) - turn oneself around; ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (kkówįγáγa) - turn round and round; ta-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (tákkowįγáγa) - around in circles, “fire makes him/her/it go around and around”

Dhegiha: ba-ʰku-wiⁿ-xe (ba-ḳu-wiⁿ-xe) - to turn by pushing [FL-Osage]; ba-ko-mi-ghe (bakómighe) - turn, spin, cause to revolve in a horizontal or vertical plane by pushing [Kaw]

 

push at a fire often

pe-te ki-ba-xniⁿ-xniⁿ-zhe (ppétte kíbaxnįxnį́že) - to push at a fire often [JOD]

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; di-xni-zhe (dixníže) - make sparks from poking fire

ex: pe-te a-ki-ba-xniⁿ-xniⁿ-zhe (ppétte akíbaxnįxnį́že) - I pushed at the fire often [JOD]

Dhegiha: xthiⁿ-zhe (qthíⁿzhe) - spark, sparkle, sparkling, sending out sparks [Omaha/Ponca]; xthiⁿ-zhe (q˘íⁿ-je) - sparkling, sending out sparks [JOD-Omaha]; xthiⁿ-zha (xthiⁿ-zhá) - sparks of a fire, sparks that fly upward from the sticks or fire drills used for starting a fire [FL-Osage]; liⁿ-zhe (lį́įže) - sparks that fly from a fire [CQ-Osage]

 

push at and fail or miss

ba-shnoⁿ-da (bašnǫ́da) - push at and fail or miss pa-shnoⁿ-da (ppášnǫda) - I, shpa-shnoⁿ-da (špášnǫda) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-shnoⁿ-da (bišnǫ́da) - fail, miss applying pressure; da-shnoⁿ-da (dašnǫ́da) - slip in eating, talking, etc.; di-shnoⁿ-da (dišnǫ́da) - let slip, fumble something; ka-shnoⁿ-da (kašnǫ́da) - miss the mark striking at something; naⁿ-shnoⁿ-da (nąšnǫ́da) - lose one’s footing, slip; pa-shnoⁿ-da (pášnǫda) - fail to cut something with a knife; po-shnoⁿ-da (póšnǫda) - miss a target shooting

Dhegiha: zhnoⁿ (zhnoⁿ) - verb root, to miss, let fall, zhnoⁿ-tha (c͓naⁿ˘a), ba-zhnoⁿ (bac͓naⁿ), bu-zhnoⁿ (buc͓naⁿ), tha-zhnoⁿ (˘ac͓naⁿ), thi-zhnoⁿ (˘ic͓naⁿ), ga-zhnoⁿ (gac͓naⁿ), ma zhnoⁿ (mac͓naⁿ), mu-zhnoⁿ (muc͓naⁿ) [Omaha/Ponca]

 

push into

o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - to push into

ex: o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - he pushed into it [JOD]

ex: haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-di-shto-te o-ba-haⁿ a-taⁿ ma-xi-wa-de tʰaⁿ i-ya-we, haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke i-niⁿ-aⁿ-we ke i-ya-we, ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-tʰaⁿ i-ya-we (hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe odíštotte obáhą attą́ maγíwadé tʰą́ iyáwe, hą́ka ežį́ke etʰą́ inįą́we ké iyáwé, maštį́ke etʰą́ iyáwe) - he skinned Haⁿ-ka’s son, put on his skin and tricked them, they thought that rabbit was Haⁿ-ka’s son, they say [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ha kʰe ma-shtiⁿ-ke o-ba-haⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą há kʰe maštį́ke obáhą) - then the rabbit put the skin on [JOD]

ex: ki-di-za-we e-shoⁿ haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-ba-haⁿ tʰaⁿ o-naⁿ-shto-te naⁿ da taⁿ ni-a-ta ko-e-kde i-ya-we (kídikizáwe ešǫ́ hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe obáhą tʰą oną́štotte ną dá tą niátta koékde iyáwe) - after they made a way for him, he started to run back towards the water, he kicked off Haⁿ-ka’s son’s skin in which he had been wearing, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-ba-haⁿ (u-bá-haⁿ) - to push his way in (at the entrance) [JOD-Omaha]; o-ba-hoⁿ moⁿ-iⁿ (o-bá-hoⁿ-moⁿ-iⁿ) - Walking Within, personal name [FL-Osage]; o-pa-haⁿ (opáahą) - raise up, hold up, put on, don as clothing [CQ-Osage]; o-ba-haⁿ (obáhaⁿ) - wear [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-hoⁿ (bahóⁿ) - push up, to push up [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-hoⁿ (ba-hóⁿ) - to raise an object by pushing, to lift up, pushes up [FL-Osage]; pa-haⁿ (paahą́) - raise, hold up [CQ-Osage]; ba-haⁿ (baháⁿ) - push up, raise by burrowing [Kaw]

 

push into view

ba-naⁿ-pe (baną́pe) - push into view pa-naⁿ-pe (ppánąpe) - I, shpa-naⁿ-pe (špánąpe) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-naⁿ-pe (biną́pe) - push out into the open; di-naⁿ-pe (diną́pe) - cause to appear, show; ka-naⁿ-pe (kaną́pe) - uncover, unearth; naⁿ-naⁿ-pe (nąną́pe) - scuff into view with the feet; mi wa-e-naⁿ-pe (mi wáeną́pe) - sunrise, “sun appears, comes into view”

Dhegiha: hi-thoⁿ-be (hí-thoⁿ-be) - to be exposed [FL-Osage]; e-thoⁿ-be (é-thoⁿ-be) - rises and appears [FL-Osage]; i-thoⁿ-be (í-thoⁿ-be) - to appear, come into site [FL-Osage]; i-thoⁿ-pe (íđǫpe) - appear [CQ-Osage]; i-yoⁿ-be (íyoⁿbe) - appear, come into view, rise, emerge, as from water [Kaw]

Dhegiha: mi i-thoⁿ-be (mí-i-thoⁿ-be) - sunrise, the sun appears [FL-Osage]; miⁿ i-thoⁿ-pe (mį́į íđǫpe) - sunrise, the emergence of the sun, lit., “sun appears” [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-oⁿba i-yoⁿ-be (míⁿoⁿba íyoⁿbe) - sunrise [Kaw]

 

push off and cause to fall

o-ba-xpa-de (obáxpade) - push off and cause to fall o-pa-xpa-de (oppaxpade) - I, o-shpa-xpa-de (ošpáxpade) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; o-xpa-de (oxpáde) - fall from a height; mi-ka-x’e o-xpa-de (mikkáxʔe oxpáde) - meteor, shooting star, falling star; ni o-xpa-de (ní oxpáde) - waterfall; o-ki-xpa-de (okíxpade) - lose something; o-bi-xpa-de (obíxpade) - cause to fall by pressure or weight; o-di-xpa-de (odíxpade) - pull off and cause to fall; o-ka-xpa-de (okáxpade) - knock off, cause to fall off; o-naⁿ-xpa-de (oną́xpade) - kick something down; o-po-xpa-de (opóxpade) - shoot down

Dhegiha: u-thu-ba-xpa-the (uthubaqpathe) - to make something fall by pushing [Omaha/Ponca]; u-ba-xpa-the (u-bá-xpa-the) - to push one down from a height [FL-Osage]; o-ba-xpa-ye (obáxpaye) - to make someone fall by pushing him, push off, shove something off [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-xpa-the (uqpá˘ĕ) - to be lost, to lose his place; to fall from a height [JOD-Omaha]; u-xpa-the (uxpathe) - fell, fall [Omaha]; u-xpa-the (u-xpá-the) - lost, to become lost; to feel around with the hands in the dark, to grope; to fall [FL-Osage]; o-xpa-the (oxpáđe) - fall from a height; get lost, become lost, lose [CQ-Osage]; o-xpa-ye (oxpáye) - fall from a height, fall off, to fall from a height; get lost, become lost [Kaw]

 

push off balance, shove

ba-xi (baxí) - push off balance, shove pa-xi (ppáxi) - I, shpa-xi (špáxi) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; ba-xi de-de (baxí dedé) - push, shove suddenly, forcibly; ba-xi-hi-a-de (baxíhi ade) - knock off, push off; di-xi (dixí) - awaken, arouse; di-xi-xi (dixíxi) - awaken, arouse by shaking

Dhegiha: ba-xi (ba-qí) - to awaken one by pushing him; to contend or oppose: said of the contending parties (not fighting) [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xi (ba-xí) - to arouse one from sleep by pushing [FL-Osage]; pa-xi (paaγí) - push to awaken or make active, activate by pushing on [CQ-Osage]; ba-xi (baxí) - rouse by nudging [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-xi-a-tha (ba-qi-á-˘a) - to shove down by pushing: said of an object that extends to the ground or floor; to oppose; to offend against [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xi-tha (ba-xí-tha) - to push a person down [FL-Osage]; ba-xi-ya (baxíya) - push something down or cause it to fall with an instrument; to push an object to the ground with a stick, knife point, etc.; to make an object fall by pushing in this manner: said of anything of which one end touches the ground or floor [Kaw]; ba-xi-ya (báxiya) - cut something down; to make an object fall to the ground by cutting it near the bottom (which touches the ground) with a knife blade or saw [Kaw]

 

push off, knock off

ba-xi-hi-a-de (baxíhi ade) - knock off, push off pa-xi-hi a-de (ppáxihi áde) - I, shpa-xi-hi a-da-de (špáxihi adadé) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; ba-xi (baxí) - push off balance, shove off balance; ba-xi de-de (baxí dedé) - push, shove suddenly, forcibly; di-xi (dixí) - awaken, arouse; di-xi-xi (dixíxi) - awaken, arouse by shaking

Dhegiha: ba-xi-a-tha (ba-qi-á-˘a) - to shove down by pushing: said of an object that extends to the ground or floor; to oppose; to offend against [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xi-tha (ba-xí-tha) - to push a person down [FL-Osage]; ba-xi-ya (baxíya) - push something down or cause it to fall with an instrument; to push an object to the ground with a stick, knife point, etc.; to make an object fall by pushing in this manner: said of anything of which one end touches the ground or floor [Kaw]; ba-xi-ya (báxiya) - cut something down; to make an object fall to the ground by cutting it near the bottom (which touches the ground) with a knife blade or saw [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-xi (ba-qí) - to awaken one by pushing him; to contend or oppose: said of the contending parties (not fighting) [JOD-Omaha]; ba-xi (ba-xí) - to arouse one from sleep by pushing [FL-Osage]; pa-xi (paaγí) - push to awaken or make active, activate by pushing on [CQ-Osage]; ba-xi (baxí) - rouse by nudging [Kaw]

 

push on edge

ba-zi-pa (bazíppa) - edge, nudge, push on edge pa-zi-pa (ppázippa) - I, shpa-zi-pa (špázippa) - you

cf. bi-zi-pa (bizíppa) - sit/lie on the edge, to perch; da-zi-pa (dazíppa) - bite along the edge, nip; di-zi-pa (dizíppa) - grasp or hold by the edge; ka-zi-pa (kazíppa) - chop, cut at the edge; kdi-zi-pa (kdizíppa) - hold, grasp edge of one’s own; ki-di-zi-pa (kídizippa) - hold along the edge for someone; naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - walk along the edge of something; pa-zi-pa (pázippa) - cut along the edge with a knife; po-zi-pa (pózippa) - punch along the edge of something; ta-zi-pa (tázippa) - burn along the edge of something

 

push or blow in circle

bi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bikkówįγáγa) - push or blow something in circle pi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (ppíkkowįγáγa) - I, shpi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (špíkkowįγáγa) - you

cf. ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (kkówįγáγa) - turn round and round; ba-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bakkówįγáγa) - push round and round; di-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (dikkówįγáγa) - to cause something to wobble; ta-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (tákkowįγáγa) - around in circles, “fire makes him/her/it go around and around”

 

bi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bikkówįγe) - push, blow in a circle pi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (ppíkkowįγe) - I, shpi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (špíkkowįγe) - you

cf. ba-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bakkówįγe) - turn, make revolve, push around; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe (dikkówįγe) - turn, rotate, pull out of line; ka-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kakkówįγe) - turn around, circle; ki-kdi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kkikdíkkowįγe) - turn oneself around; naⁿ-ko-wiⁿ-xe (nąkkówįγe) - treadle, use to turn something

Dhegiha: bi-ku-wiⁿ-xe (bi-k͓ú-wiⁿ-xe) - to turn an object around in a horizontal plane by pressing, leaning, or blowing against [JOD-Omaha]; ba-ʰki-wiⁿ-xe (ba-ḳú-wiⁿ-xe) - to make an object turn by pushing, to make a horse turn by driving [FL-Osage]; ʰkoiⁿ-xe (ʰkóįγe) - turn, turn around [CQ-Osage]; bo-ko-mi-ghe (bókomíghe) - blow around in a circle, spin by blowing; to make revolve by blowing on with the mouth, as a paper wheel (pinwheel) or windmill [Kaw]; bu-ko-mi-ghe (bukómighe) - turn around in one’s seat [Kaw]

 

push or blow loose, press out

bi-kda (bikdá) - press out, push/blow loose pi-kda (ppíkda) - I, shpi-kda (špíkda) - you

cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; da-kda (dakdá) - undo with the mouth, teeth; di-kda (dikdá) - undo, untie, pull loose; ka-kda (kakdá) - sway; naⁿ-kda (nąkdá) - loosen, come undone, as a shoelace

Dhegiha: gtha (gtha) - unbraided, unwoven [Omaha/Ponca]; gtha-tha (gthátha) - unbraided, unwoven, unraveled [Omaha/Ponca]; gtha-tha (gthá-tha) - to unbraid or untie [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: ba-gtha (bagthá) - to undo braided hair, plaited rope, etc.[Omaha/Ponca]; ga-la-ya (galáya) - comb out, cause hair to come undone by running a comb through, such as braids; cause to uncoil by throwing or striking, as a spool of thread or wire [Kaw]; naⁿ-la-ya (naⁿláya) - straighten with the foot, as a crooked stick; to come undone, as a moccasin string [Kaw]

Dhegiha: thi-gtha (thigtha) - unroll, untie [Omaha]; thi-gtha-tha (thi-gthá-tha) - to unravel, unbraid [FL-Osage]; yu-la-ya (yuláya) - unravel, unbraid, separate with the hand; straighten coiled wire by pulling; pull open or separate, as the leaves of a book, by turning with the hand; open out, spread out, as the hand [Kaw]

 

push out into the open

bi-naⁿ-pe (biną́pe) - push out into the open pi-naⁿ-pe (ppínąpe) - I, shpi-naⁿ-pe (špínąpe) - you

cf. bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing; ba-naⁿ-pe (baną́pe) - push into view; di-naⁿ-pe (diną́pe) - cause to appear, show; ka-naⁿ-pe (kaną́pe) - uncover, unearth; naⁿ-naⁿ-pe (nąną́pe) - scuff into view with the feet; mi wa-e-naⁿ-pe (mi wáeną́pe) - sunrise, “sun appears, comes into view”

Dhegiha: hi-thoⁿ-be (hí-thoⁿ-be) - to be exposed [FL-Osage]; e-thoⁿ-be (é-thoⁿ-be) - rises and appears [FL-Osage]; i-thoⁿ-be (í-thoⁿ-be) - to appear, come into site [FL-Osage]; i-thoⁿ-pe (íđǫpe) - appear [CQ-Osage]; i-yoⁿ-be (íyoⁿbe) - appear, come into view, rise, emerge, as from water [Kaw]

Dhegiha: mi i-thoⁿ-be (mí-i-thoⁿ-be) - sunrise, the sun appears [FL-Osage]; miⁿ i-thoⁿ-pe (mį́į íđǫpe) - sunrise, the emergence of the sun, lit., “sun appears” [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-oⁿba i-yoⁿ-be (míⁿoⁿba íyoⁿbe) - sunrise [Kaw]

 

push over and spill

ba-shoⁿ (bašǫ́) - spill, push over and spill pa-shoⁿ (ppášǫ) - I, shpa-shoⁿ (špášǫ) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize pushing at; di-shoⁿ (dišǫ́), di-shaⁿ (dišą) - pull over and spill (liquid); spill, pull over a vessel; naⁿ-shoⁿ (nąšǫ́) - dislocate, trip and break

ex: a-ba-shaⁿ (ábašą) - spilled on [JOD]

ex: ba-shoⁿ de-da (bašǫ́ de-dá) - throw it out! [MS]

Dhegiha: ba-shaⁿ (ba-cáⁿ) - to put out of joint, by pushing or punching; to dislocate, as an arm [JOD-Omaha]

Dhegiha: ba-shoⁿ-tha (bashoⁿtha) - pour, dump [Omaha]; ba-shaⁿ-tha (ba-cáⁿ-˘a) - to push a vessel, cup, box, etc., causing the contents to be spilt out [JOD-Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (ba-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill water from a vessel, either by accident or on purpose [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: a-ba-shoⁿ-tha (ábashóⁿtha) - push, knock over, spill; to knock over a vessel and spill its contents on someone or something [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-shaⁿ-tha (á-ba-cáⁿ-˘a) - to push over a vessel accidentally and empty its contents on a person or on the ground [JOD-Omaha]

 

push round and round

ba-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bakkówįγáγa) - push round and round pa-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (ppákkowįγáγa) - I, shpa-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (špákkowįγáγa) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; ba-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bakkówįγe) - turn, make revolve, push around; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (bikkówįγe) - push, blow in a circle; bi-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (bikkówįγáγa) - push or blow something in circle; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe (dikkówįγe) - turn, rotate, pull out of line; di-ko-wiⁿ-xe i-he-de (dikkówįγe ihéde) - turn something long; di-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (dikkówįγáγa) - to cause something to wobble; ka-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kakkówįγe), ka-koiⁿ-xe (kakoįγe) - turn around, circle; ka-koiⁿ-xa-xa (kakóįγáγa) - go around and around; ki-kdi-ko-wiⁿ-xe (kkikdíkkowįγe) - turn oneself around; ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (kkówįγáγa) - turn round and round; ta-ko-wiⁿ-xa-xa (tákkowįγáγa) - around in circles, “fire makes him/her/it go around and around”

Dhegiha: ba-ʰku-wiⁿ-xe (ba-ḳu-wiⁿ-xe) - to turn by pushing [FL-Osage]; ba-ko-mi-ghe (bakómighe) - turn, spin, cause to revolve in a horizontal or vertical plane by pushing [Kaw]

 

push through a crowd

ba-ki-ki-za (bakkíkkiza) - push through a crowd pa-ki-ki-za (ppákkikkíza) - I, shpa-ki-ki-za (špákkikkíza) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; wa-ki-za (wakkíza) - space, bare spot; di-ki-ki-za (dikkíkkiza) - clean up, put house in order; di-ki-za (dikkíza) - clean up, put things away

 

push together

a-ba-taⁿ (ábattą) - push together, as firebrands when the ends next to the fire are burned a-pa-taⁿ (áppattą) - I, a-shpa-taⁿ (ášpattą) - you, oⁿ-ka-pa-taⁿ-we (ǫkápattąwe) - we

cf. a-ba-taⁿ-de da (ábattąde da) - push away! push it! [MS]; ba-taⁿ de-de (battą́ dedé) - push and send off [JOD]

Dhegiha: a-ba-doⁿ (á-ba-doⁿ) - to freshen a fire by putting on wood [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: pa-doⁿ (padoⁿ), ba-doⁿ (badoⁿ) - push [Omaha]; ba-daⁿ (ba-dáⁿ) - to push or pole a boat along, i.e., by pushing with a pole or oar against the bank or bottom of a stream; to push a sled from behind [JOD-Omaha]; ba-doⁿ (ba-dóⁿ) - to push [FL-Osage]; ba-daⁿ (badáⁿ) - push, push away, push off, shove over [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-daⁿ the-the (ba-dáⁿ ˘é-˘ĕ) - to push off a boat, said of the act of one std. on the shore, not on the boat [JOD-Omaha]; ba-daⁿ ye-ye (badáⁿ yéye) - to push a boat off, said of one standing on the bank or shore [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ʰki-ʰpa-doⁿ (ḳi-p̣á-doⁿ) - to push oneself along as in a boat [FL-Osage]; ki-pa-daⁿ (kipádaⁿ) - push oneself along in a boat; push off one’s boat while sitting in it [Kaw]

 

push, shove suddenly or forcibly

ba-xi de-de (baxí dedé) - push, shove suddenly, forcibly pa-xi da-a-de (ppáxi déade) - I, shpa-xi de-da-de (špáxi dédade) - you

cf. ba-xi (baxí) - push off balance, shove; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go; ba-xi-hi a-de (baxíhi ade) - knock off, push off

Dhegiha: ba-xi (ba-xí) - to arouse one from sleep by pushing [FL-Osage]; pa-xi (paaɣí) - push to awaken or make active, activate by pushing on [CQ-Osage]; ba-xi (baxí) - rouse by nudging [Kaw]

Dhegiha: the-the (˘é˘ĕ) - send suddenly [JOD-Omaha]; the-the (thé-the) - to send, to transmit [FL-Osage]; the-the (đéeđe) - make go, cause to go, send, mail [CQ-Osage]; ye-ye (yéye) - auxiliary verb indicating sudden movement or forceful action [Kaw]

 

pushing, burst by punching or pushing

ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching or pushing pa-to-xi (ppáttoxi) - I, shpa-to-xi (špáttoxi) - you

cf. bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch; ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - soda pop, “exploding water”; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - to cause burst by burning

 

pushing, destabilize pushing at

ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize pushing at pa-shoⁿ-da-da (ppášǫdada) - I, shpa-shoⁿ-da-da (špášǫdada) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; shoⁿ-da-da (šǫ́dada) - unsteady, insecure; naⁿ-te shoⁿ-da-da-zhi (ną́tte šǫ́dadáži) - stout hearted; bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady pressing; da-shoⁿ-da-da (dašǫ́dadá) - undermine; di-shoⁿ-da-da (dišǫ́dadá) - pull off balance; ka-shoⁿ-da-da (kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking, chopping; naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the foot; kick loose; pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá) - undercut, undermine; po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) - make top heavy by thrusting at; ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) - top heavy, unsteady by burning

Dhegiha: ba-shoⁿ-tha (bashoⁿtha) - pour, dump [Omaha]; ba-shaⁿ-tha (ba-cáⁿ-˘a) - to push a vessel, cup, box, etc., causing the contents to be spilt out [JOD-Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (ba-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill water from a vessel, either by accident or on purpose [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿthá) - spilled, upset and spilled, tipped over and spilled [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿshóⁿtha) - loosened in its socket, as a fence post ot a tooth [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿshoⁿtha) - limber [Omaha]; gi-shoⁿ-tha (gí-shóⁿ-tha) - to make loose, to droop or fall, loose jointed, broken [FL-Osage]; ga-shoⁿ-tha (ga-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill water from a vessel by striking against it [FL-Osage]

 

pushing, fail or miss pushing at something

ba-iⁿ-zhi (baį́ži) - fail or miss pushing at something pa-iⁿ-zhi (ppáįži) - I, shpa-iⁿ-zhi (špáįži) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; zhi (-ži) - negative, not; bi-iⁿ-zhi (biį́ži) - fail/miss pressing/blowing; da-iⁿ-zhi (daį́ži) - fail using the mouth, voice; di-iⁿ-zhi (díįži) - fail in pulling, rowing, etc.; ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži) - fail in throwing or striking; naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - fail in walking or with machine; pa-iⁿ-zhi (páįži) - fail in cutting or sawing; po-iⁿ-zhi (póįži) - to be unsuccessful shooting or punching; ta-iⁿ-zhi (táįži), (ttáįži) - fail in cooking, as when fire is not hot enough

Dhegiha: ba-iⁿ-zhi (bá-iⁿ-zhi) - failure to cut because of a dull knife [FL-Osage]; ba-iⁿ-ba-zhe (baíⁿbazhe) - fail in an activity that involves pushing, such as sewing, writing, etc. due to a faulty implement, such as the needle or pen [Kaw]

 

pushing, make a crack sound by pushing

ba-to-zhe (battóže) - make crack sound pushing pa-to-zhe (ppáttože) - I, shpa-to-zhe (špáttože) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-to-zhe (bittóže) - make crack sound by pressure; da-to-zhe (dattóže) - crunch with teeth; naⁿ-pe di-to-zhe (nąpé dittóže) - crack one’s finger joints; ka-to-zhe (kattóže) - cracking sound hitting something; naⁿ-to-zhe (nąttóže) - make crack sound by treading; pa-to-zhe (páttože) - make cracking sound with knife; po-to-zhe (póttože) - make crack sound thrusting; ta-to-zhe (táttože) - cracking sound made by burning

 

pushing, miss or slip pushing something

ba-kʰiⁿ-te (bakʰį́tte) - miss, slip pushing something pa-kʰiⁿ-te (ppákʰįtte) - I, shpa-kʰiⁿ-te (špákʰįtte) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-kʰiⁿ-te (bikʰį́tte) - rub a slippery surface; di-kʰiⁿ-te (dikʰį́tte) - lose grip, slip over; bi-kʰiⁿ-te (bikʰį́tte) - rub a slippery surface; ka-kʰiⁿ-te (kakʰį́tte) - strike at and miss; kiⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (kkį́kkįtté) - slippery; naⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (nąkʰį́tte) - kick at and miss, pass by; pa-kʰiⁿ-te (pákʰįtte) - cut at something and miss it; po-kʰiⁿ-te (pókʰįtte) - graze something while shooting

Dhegiha: ba-khiⁿ-je (bakhíⁿje) - miss, slip with a spear, to fail in cutting an object with a knife; to fail in cutting an object with a knife, etc., because the it slips by the object without touching it [Kaw]; ba-khiⁿ-je (bákhiⁿje) - fail in trying to cut something [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-kshiⁿ-dse (ba-kshíⁿ-dse) - to miss an object at which a thrust is made, to scrape a hide [FL-Osage]; wa-kshiⁿ-dse (wá-kshiⁿ-dse) - to miss hitting them [FL-Osage]; noⁿ-kshiⁿ-dse (noⁿ-kshíⁿ-dse) - barely missing an object in kicking at it [FL-Osage]; thi-kshiⁿ-dse (thi-kshíⁿ-dse) - failure to get a good grasp or hold [FL-Osage]; ka-kshiⁿ-tse (kakšį́ce) - miss a target, miss out on by arriving late [CQ-Osage]; thi-kshiⁿ-tse (đikšį́ce) - miss, fail at, be incorrect at, not get right, drop, let slip, let slip away [CQ-Osage]; ya-khiⁿ-je (yakhíⁿje) - snap at and miss, fail in speaking [Kaw]

 

pushing, move one’s possession by pushing

ki-pa-ti-ze (kíppattíze) - move one’s possession by pushing a-ki-pa-ti-ze (akíppattize) - I, da-ki-pa-ti-ze (dakíppattize) - you

cf. ba-ti-ze (battíze), ba-tʰi-ze (batʰíze) - move something by pushing; bi-ti-ze (bittíze) - move something by pressing or blowing; di-ti-ze (dittíze) - move by pulling something; ki-kdi-ti-ze (kkíkdittíze) - move something for one’s own benefit; naⁿ-ti-ze (nąttíze) - kick along, move something with feet; po-ti-ze (póttize), po-tʰi-ze (pótʰize) - move something by punching or shooting

 

pushing, move something by pushing

ba-ti-ze (battíze), ba-tʰi-ze (batʰíze) - move something by pushing pa-ti-ze (ppáttize) - I, shpa-ti-ze (špáttize) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-ti-ze (bittíze) - move something by pressing or blowing; di-ti-ze (dittíze) - move by pulling something; ki-pa-ti-ze (kíppattíze) - move one’s possession by pushing; ki-kdi-ti-ze (kkíkdittíze) - move something for one’s own benefit; naⁿ-ti-ze (nąttíze) - kick along, move something with feet; po-ti-ze (póttize), po-tʰi-ze (pótʰize) - move something by punching or shooting

 

pushing, to make a popping sound from pushing

ba-ta-zhe (battáže) - to make a popping sound from pushing pa-ta-zhe (ppáttaže) - I, shpa-ta-zhe (špáttaže) - you

cf. ba (ba) - by pushing; bi-ta-zhe (bittáže) - popping sound from pressing; da-ta-zhe (dattáže) - make popping sound with mouth; di-ta-zhe (dittáže) - snap the fingers; ka-ta-zhe (kattáže), ga-ta-zhe (gattáže) - clap the hands; naⁿ-pe ka-ta-zhe (nąpe kattáže) - clap the hands; naⁿ-ta-zhe (nąttáže) - pop by stepping on; po-ta-zhe (póttaže) - thrust and cause popping sound; ta-ta-zhe (táttaže) - to make a popping sound, as wood in a fire

 

put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface

a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface a-a-k’oⁿ-he (áakʔǫhé) - I, a-da-k’oⁿ-he (ádakʔǫhé) - you, oⁿ-ka-k’oⁿ-ha-we (ǫkákʔǫhawé) - we

cf. a (a) - on, upon; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile, here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile

Dhegiha: a-k’oⁿ-he (ák’oⁿhe), a-k’o-he (ák’ohe) - lay something on top of something else [Kaw]; a-ku-k’o-he (ákuk’ohe) - lay one’s own object on a surface for one’s own benefit [Kaw]; a-gu-k’o-he (águk’ohe) - lay one’s own horizontal object on a surface; lay something on surface for someone [Kaw]

Dhegiha: zhe-’oⁿ-he (zhé’oⁿhe) - roast, to place a long object, such as an ear of corn, in front of the fire to roast [Omaha/Ponca]; k’oⁿ-he (kʔǫ́he) - lay into [CQ-Osage]; k’o-he (k’óhe) - lay down an inanimate object [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-ʰkoⁿ-he (ú-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe), o-k’o-he (ok’óhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

Dhegiha: o-ʰki-k’oⁿ-he (oʰkíkʔǫhe) - interrupt, lit., “insert oneself into” [CQ-Osage]

 

put a horizontal object

i-he-de (ihéde) - put a horizontal object i-he-a-de (ihéade) - I, i-he-da-de (ihédade) - you

cf. i-he (íhe) - horizontal, in a lying position; a-i-he-de (áihedé) - lay down a singular/lying/inanimate object

ex: a-ka-spe i-he-de (ákaspe ihéde) - put a horizontal object on another to hold it down, e.g., a paper-weight

ex: a-kʰaⁿ i-he-de (ákʰą ihéde) - turn and tip up as a board

ex: a-ki-ki-kde i-he-de (ákkikkíkde ihéde) - put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch

ex: a-ki-pa-t’o i-he-de (ákkippatʔo ihéde) - close off, stop up, clog, as in a traffic jam

ex: a-toⁿ-wi-he-de (áttǫwihéde) - put horizontal object down carefully

ex: di-ko-wiⁿ-xe i-he-de (dikkówįγe ihéde) - turn something long

ex: kaⁿ i-he-de (ką ihéde), gaⁿ i-he-de (gą ihéde) - prone

ex: na-xnaⁿ i-he-de (naxną́ ihéde) - hide someone’s singular/lying/inanimate object

ex: ni-ti ni i-he-de (nítti ní ihéde) - he laid it in the water [JOD]

ex: pi i-he-de (ppi ihéde) - put down safely

ex: so i-he-de (só ihéde) - cut lengthwise

ex: shoⁿ i-he-de (šǫ́ ihéde) - bequeath, will, leave something

Dhegiha: i-he-the (i-hé-˘ĕ) - to put or place a recl. an. ob. or lg. in. ob., as a tool, plank, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-he-the (í-hé-the) - to lay down a long object [FL-Osage]; i-he-the (i-hé-the) - to put a thing down, made to lie in death [FL-Osage]; i-he-ye (ihéye) - put down a singular, lying, inanimate object [Kaw]

 

put a horizontal object on another to hold it down

a-ka-spe i-he-de (ákaspe ihéde) - put a horizontal object on another to hold it down, e.g., a paper-weight a-ka-spi-he-a-de (ákaspihéade) - I, a-ka-spi-he-da-de (ákaspihédade)  -you

cf. a-ka-spe (ákaspe) - close, shut; cave in; i-he-de (ihéde)

- put a horizontal object; a-ka-spi-naⁿ-de (ákaspiną́de) - put a squat or (curvilinear) object on another to hold it down, e.g., a stone

ex: a-ka-spa (ákaspá) - shut it!

ex: ti-ze a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-de (ttižé ákaspe žíka itʰéde) - to shut the door a little

ex: ti-zhe a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-da (ttižé ákaspe jíka itʰedá) - shut the door a little!

ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-ka-spe (mą́azi ákaspe) - to cave in on, as a bank does

ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-di-ka-spe na-ha (mą́azi ádikáspe nahá) - beware lest the bank cave in on you!

Dhegiha: a-ga-spe (á-ga-çpe) - the falling of something heavy on a person or thing, to cover up an object [FL-Osage]; a-ka-spe (akáaspe) - shade, blind, covering [CQ-Osage]; a-ka-spe (ákaaspe) - put over, put upon, cover as with cloth or blanket, cover with dirt as a grave, cover over, cover up [CQ-Osage]; a-ga-spe (ágaspe), a-ga-spaⁿ (ágaspaⁿ) - cover completely, concealing every part [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-he-the (i-hé-˘ĕ) - to put or place a recl. an. ob. or lg. in. ob., as a tool, plank, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-he-the (í-hé-the) - to lay down a long object [FL-Osage]; i-he-the (i-hé-the) - to put a thing down, made to lie in death [FL-Osage]; i-he-ye (ihéye) - put down a singular, lying, inanimate object [Kaw]

 

put a long object in something

o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something o-a-k’oⁿ-he (oákʔǫhé) - I, o-da-k’oⁿ-he (odákʔǫhé) - you, oⁿ-ko-k’oⁿ-ha-we (ǫkókʔǫhawe) - we

cf. a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile; here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile; oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - lay sg/ly/in inside something, put

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e ti tʰe-ta ki taⁿ ti a-naⁿ-se taⁿ kʰe-ta o-pi-zhi kʰe o-k’oⁿ-he (kóišǫ́ttą e ttí tʰétta kí tą tti ánąsé ttą kʰétta óppiži kʰe ókʔǫhé) - then when she returned to her house, she put the box in (her) room [JOD]

ex: ki-ha naⁿ o-zhi-ha o-k’oⁿ-he (kihá ną óžiha ókʔǫhe) - when he finished, he put it (the long object) in the bag [JOD]

ex: o-zhi-ha zhi-ka o-k’oⁿ-he (óžiha žíka ókʔǫhé) - he put it (the long object) in the small bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: ma-hiⁿ u-’oⁿ-he (máhiⁿ u’óⁿhe) - knife sheath [Ponca/Omaha]; u-ʰk’oⁿ-he (u-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) -  insert, put into, sheathe, place into, put, implies lifting up and putting in [CQ-Osage]; o-k’o-he (ok’óhe), o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

 

put a object upon a surface

a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface a-a-knaⁿ (áakną) - I, a-da-knaⁿ (ádakną) - you, oⁿ-ka-kdaⁿ-we (ǫkákdąwe) - we

cf. a (a) - on, upon; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; o-knaⁿ (okną́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps

ex: ta-siⁿ-te a-knaⁿ (ttasį́tte ákną) - roach (headress), “deer tail put upon” [MS]

ex: naⁿ-ka a-knaⁿ (ną́kka akną́) - saddle, “put upon the back” [MS]

Dhegiha: a-gthoⁿ (ágthoⁿ) - to place one thing upon another [FL-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álą) - place vertically against, place on, put on [CQ-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álaⁿ) - put curved or rounded/sitting, or cloth, or paper on [Kaw]

 

put a patch on a moccasin, etc.

a-ba-sta (ábasta) - patch, put a patch on a moccasin, etc. a-pa-sta (áppasta) - I, a-shpa-sta (ášpasta) - you, oⁿ-ka-pa-sta-we (ǫkápastawe) - we

cf. we-da-ba-sta (wédabasta) - a patch

Dhegiha: a-ba-sta (ábasta) - a patch, patch, to patch, to put a patch on [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-sta (a-ba-çta) - patch [FL-Osage]; hoⁿ-be a-ba-sta (hoⁿ-be a-ba-çta) - to patch moccasins [FL-Osage]; a-ba-sta (ábasta) - patch a moccasin; put on a patch [Kaw]

 

put a squat (curvilinear) object on another to hold it down

a-ka-spi-naⁿ-de (ákaspiną́de) - put a squat (curvilinear) object on another to hold it down, e.g., a stone a-ka-spi-naⁿ-a-de (ákaspiną́ade) - I, a-ka-spi-naⁿ-da-de (ákaspiną́dade) - you

cf. a-ka-spe (ákaspe) - close, shut; cave in; i-naⁿ-de (iną́de) - put sg/si/in or cloth/paper; a-ka-spe i-he-de (ákaspe ihéde) - put a horizontal object on another to hold it down, e.g., a paper-weight

ex: a-ka-spa (ákaspá) - shut it!

ex: ti-ze a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-de (ttižé ákaspe žíka itʰéde) - to shut the door a little

ex: ti-zhe a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-da (ttižé ákaspe jíka itʰedá) - shut the door a little!

ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-ka-spe (mą́azi ákaspe) - to cave in on, as a bank does

ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-di-ka-spe na-ha (mą́azi ádikáspe nahá) - beware lest the bank cave in on you!

Dhegiha: a-ga-spe (á-ga-çpe) - the falling of something heavy on a person or thing, to cover up an object [FL-Osage]; a-ka-spe (akáaspe) - shade, blind, covering [CQ-Osage]; a-ka-spe (ákaaspe) - put over, put upon, cover as with cloth or blanket, cover with dirt as a grave, cover over, cover up [CQ-Osage]; a-ga-spe (ágaspe), a-ga-spaⁿ (ágaspaⁿ) - cover completely, concealing every part [Kaw]

 

put away

pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away sitting/inanimate/, a part/cloth pi a-knaⁿ (ppi ákną) - I, pi da-knaⁿ (ppi dákną) - you, pi oⁿ-knaⁿ-we (ppi ǫkną́we) - we

cf. knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; mi-knaⁿ (míkną) - put inside, tuck in, stick in; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own; ki-pi ka-xe (kíppi káγe) - to fill [JOD]; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]; o-ki-pi (okíppi) - be full, as a container; naⁿ-pe o-ki-pi (nąpé ókkippí) - handful; o-pi hi-hi-ka (oppí hihíkka) - box, paper or cardboard

Dhegiha: u-pi-gthe (ú-p͓i-g˘e) - a closet; a receptacle; a pocket in a hunting shirt, vest, or in any upper garmet, but not in pants [JOD-Omaha]; ʰpi-gthe (p̣í-gthe) - to put away food [FL-Osage]

 

put away one’s own

pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]

cf. ki-pi ka-xe (kíppi káγe) - to fill [JOD]; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]; o-ki-pi (okíppi) - be full, as a container; naⁿ-pe o-ki-pi (nąpé ókkippí) - handful; o-pi hi-hi-ka (oppí hihíkka) - box, paper or cardboard; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; e-ti-zhi (ettíži) - put them on [JOD]; sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap; sto-de-wa-zhi (stodéwaži) - place plural/animate objects in one place; a-zhi (áži) - put small scattered, inanimate objects onto something; put small objects onto something that serves as a platform; mi-zhi (míži) - put under belt, tuck in; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish

ex: pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - put her scraps away [JOD]

ex: da-sniⁿ-wa-zhi naⁿ pi-ki-zhi di-knaⁿ (dasnį́waží ną ppíkiži dikną́) - they had not devoured it all, she decided to put her scraps away [JOD]

Dhegiha: pi-gi-zhi (p͓í-gi-ji) - to put a number of small objects in a safe place (not mentioning the place) [JOD-Omaha]; pi-gi-zhi (p͓i-gí-ji) - to put a number of small objects in a safe place (not mentioned) for another, who has not yet received them [JOD-Omaha]; pi-zhi (p͓í-ji) - to put a number of small objects, not his own, in a safe place (not mentioned) [JOD-Omaha]; u-pi-zhi (ú-p͓i-ji) - to lay away a col. of small objects in a receptacle [JOD-Omaha]; u-gi-pi-zhi (u-gí-p͓i-jí) - to put away his own col. of small objects in a receptacle [JOD-Omaha]; wa-pi-gi-zhi (wa-p͓í-gi-ji) - to put his own small objects away for safty [JOD-Omaha]

Dhegiha: u-pi-gthe (ú-p͓i-g˘e) - a closet; a receptacle; a pocket in a hunting shirt, vest, or in any upper garmet, but not in pants [JOD-Omaha]; ʰpi-gthe (p̣í-gthe) - to put away food [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: wa-pi-zhi (wa-p͓í-ji) - to put a number of small objects in a place for safety; to lay up, as rice for drying [JOD-Omaha]; wa-ʰpi-zhi (wa-p̣í-zhi) - to hoard; to amass; to accumulate [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: u-ki-pi (úkipi) - full, brim full [Omaha]; u-ki-pi-the (ukípithe) - fill, refill [Omaha]; ni i-tha-toⁿ u-gi-pi (ni ithatoⁿ ugipi) - cupful [Omaha]; u-gi-pi (u-gí-p̣i) - full, will contain no more, replete [FL-Osage]; u-gi-ʰpi ga-xe (u-gí-pi ga-xe) - to fill [FL-Osage]; ni u-gi-ʰpi (ni u-gi-p̣i) - full of water [FL-Osage]; o-kiu-ʰpiu (oküʰpü), o-ku-ʰpi (ókuʰpi) - full of, have a fullness of, be filled with, be full, be flooded, full amount, houseful [CQ-Osage]; o-gi-pi (ogípi) - be full, filled, full as a box, barrel, kettle, etc., filled as a lodge or room with people, full as with worms, maggots, etc. [Kaw]

 

put collection into something, plant, fill

o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill o-a-zhi (oáži) - I, o-da-zhi (odáži) - you, oⁿko-zhi-we (ǫkóžiwe) - we

o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]

cf. o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box, wooden box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]

ex: maⁿ o-zhi (mą́oží) - quiver for arrows

ex: zi-hi o-zhi (zíhi óži) - jug

ex: ma-ze o-zhi (máze óži) - tin plate

ex: zhoⁿ o-zhi (žǫ́ oží) - dipper or cup of wood

ex: o-zhi ska wa-noⁿ-bde (óži ska wanǫ́bde) - bowl [MS]

ex: o-zhi-xti (ožíxti) - much/put in it [JOD]

ex: ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží) - whiskey bottle [MS]

ex: ma-ze ni o-zhi (mazé ni oží) - milk bottle [MS]

ex: o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket

ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka o-zhi-ha (wažį́ka ožíha) - bird’s nest

ex: te-zhe-ni o-zhi-ha (téženi óžiha) - bladder

ex: shi-o-zhi-ha (šíožíha) - uterus

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ kaⁿ-iⁿ kda-i taⁿ ta-taⁿ ho-taⁿ hi zhoⁿ-pi-zhi o-zhi taⁿ ki-k’i (kóišǫ́ttą ką́į kdá-i tą táttą hottą́ hi žǫppíži oží tą kikʔí) - so then when they went back (the other girls), he gave his own (his daughter) a wooden box filled with something very good [JOD]

ex: o-zhi-ha zhi-ka e-ti o-wa-zhi naⁿ (óžiha žiká étti ówaži ną) - he put them in there, in the little bag [JOD]

ex: pe-zhe-xta zhaⁿ-a-be-tʰaⁿ o-zhi o-ki-kde-kde (ppežéxta žą́abetʰą́ oží ókikdékde) - flour-barrel-filled-set up in a row [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-zhi (uzhí) - to fill with water, grain, or any bulky substance, to fill with any quantity of small objects, to plant or sow grain, seed, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (úzhi) - a pocket [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (uzhi) - luggage, packet, suitcase, load, gardener, container, contain [Omaha]; u-zhi (úzhi) - cabinet, bin, baggage [Omaha]; u-zhi (ú-zhi) - to plant [FL-Osage]; u-zhi (u-zhi), o-zhi (ó-zhi) - a hollow receptacle [FL-Osage]; u-zhu (ú-zhu) - a pocket, a receptacle [FL-Osage]; o-zhu (óožu) - put stuff in, plant stuff, pocket, bottle, container, vessel [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (oožú) - pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beans, pour for someone, put in, plant or sow, put in, receptacle, container, bottle, cup, bowl, jar, shaker, holder, for pourable dry or liquid substances [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (ózhu) - bottle [Kaw]; o-zhu (ozhú) - put or pour something into something, put many small objects in something, fill, plant [Kaw]

 

put down one’s own long object

ki-k’oⁿ-he (kíkʔǫhe) - to put down one’s own long object

cf. k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile; here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - lay sg/ly/in inside something, put

ex: ki-k’oⁿ-he (kíkʔǫhe) - he put down his own lg. ob. [JOD]

ex: ka-ti-ti-ze ki-ha naⁿ we-da-ba-zo ki-k’oⁿ-he (kattittíze kihá ną wédabázo kíkʔǫhe) - when he finished clearing a spot, he placed the index finger down [JOD]

ex: ka-ti-ti-ze aⁿ-taⁿ ki-k’oⁿ-he (kattittíze ą́ttą kíkʔǫhe) - when he swept away/cleared a spot, he put it down (his own item) [JOD]

Dhegiha: k’oⁿ-he (kʔǫ́he) - lay into [CQ-Osage]; k’o-he (k’óhe) - lay down an inanimate object [Kaw]

Dhegiha: a-k’oⁿ-he (ák’oⁿhe), a-k’o-he (ák’ohe) - lay something on top of something else [Kaw]; a-ku-k’o-he (ákuk’ohe) - lay one’s own object on a surface for one’s own benefit [Kaw]; a-gu-k’o-he (águk’ohe) - lay one’s own horizontal object on a surface; lay something on surface for someone [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-’áⁿ-he (u’áⁿhe) - put the recl. obj. in; put in; put it in [JOD-Omaha]; u-ʰk’oⁿ-he (ú-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe), o-k’o-he (ok’óhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

Dhegiha: o-ʰki-k’oⁿ-he (oʰkíkʔǫhe) - interrupt, lit., “insert oneself into” [CQ-Osage]

 

put horizontal (lying) things in a pile

a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile; here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile

cf. a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something

Dhegiha: a-ku-k’o-he (ákuk’ohe) - lay one’s own object on a surface for one’s own benefit [Kaw]; a-gu-k’o-he (águk’ohe) - lay one’s own horizontal object on a surface; lay something on surface for someone [Kaw]; a-k’oⁿ-he (ák’oⁿhe), a-k’o-he (ák’ohe) - lay something on top of something else [Kaw]

Dhegiha: zhe-’oⁿ-he (zhé’oⁿhe) - roast, to place a long object, such as an ear of corn, in front of the fire to roast [Omaha/Ponca]; k’oⁿ-he (kʔǫ́he) - lay into [CQ-Osage]; k’o-he (k’óhe) - lay down an inanimate object [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-ʰkoⁿ-he (ú-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe), o-k’o-he (ok’óhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

Dhegiha: o-ʰki-k’oⁿ-he (oʰkíkʔǫhe) - interrupt, lit., “insert oneself into” [CQ-Osage]

Dhegiha: i-te-the (i-té-˘ĕ) - put it; to put or place, make stand, usually applied to objects standing on end, as barrels; to put many small things in one pile or heap [JOD-Omaha]; i-tse-the (i-tsé-the) - to place with someone for safe keeping; to put down something erect [FL-Osage]; i-che-ye (ichéye) - put down a standing/inanimate object or pile of objects [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ʰki-i-tse-the (ḳí-i-tse-the) - to put down a thing that can stand, as a filled bag, a pole, or a gun [FL-Osage]; ʰki-tsʰe-the (ʰkícʰeđe) - put down, set down, or place a standing item on a surface [CQ-Osage]; ki-tsʰe-the (kícʰeđe) - keep, set aside, put away, save as a memento or treasure [CQ-Osage]

 

put house in order

di-ki-ki-za (dikkíkkiza) - clean up, put house in order bdi-ki-ki-za (bdíkkikkíza) - I, ti-ki-ki-za (ttíkkikkíza) - you

cf. di-ki-za (dikkíza) - clean up, put things away

 

di-ki-za (dikkíza) - clean up, put things away bdi-ki-za (bdíkkiza) - I, ti-ki-za (ttíkkiza) - you

cf. di-ki-ki-za (dikkíkkiza) - clean up, put house in order

 

put in a bag

o-zhi-ha o-knaⁿ (óžiha okną) - to put into a bag, sack, or pocket o-zhi-ha o-a-knaⁿ (óžiha oákną) - I, o-zhi-ha o-da-knaⁿ (óžiha odákną) - you, o-zhi-ha oⁿ-ko-knaⁿ-we (óžiha ǫkóknąwe) - we

cf. o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set, put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put upon a surface; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own object on a surface; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put or beneath; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ di-ze naⁿ ta-i-ta o-naⁿ a-taⁿ di-ba-xe naⁿ o-zhi-ha o-knaⁿ kaⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe (kóišǫ́ttą mį dizé ną ttáitta oną attą dibáxe ną óžiha okną ką́-nįkʰé) - then he grabbed one, held it by the neck and broke it, then put it in a bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gthoⁿ (u-gthoⁿ) - to put in, putting in, a place of deposit, to inclose, in which to put, to thrust in, to put a stake in a pile when gambling [FL-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oolą́) - put into, place inside of, pour round items into, add items to cooking, pour liquid into [CQ-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oláⁿ) - put a sitting/inanimate object into something, to put a curvilinear (wide rather than tall) object such as paper, a book, a bandage, cloth, etc. within a receptacle [Kaw]

 

o-zhi-ha o-ki-zhi (óžiha ókiži) - to fill one’s own bag, sack, or pocket o-zhi-ha o-a-ki-zhi (óžiha oakiži) - I, o-zhi-ha o-da-ki-zhi (óžiha odakiži) - you

cf. o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-zhi (oží) - put into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; a-zhi (áži) - put small s˘in objs onto something that serves as a platform; mi-zhi (míži) - put under belt, tuck in; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box

ex: ki-ba-hi a-taⁿ wa-ba-tʰe o-zhi-ha niⁿ-kʰe o-ki-zhi maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ i-ya (kibáhi attą wabátʰe óžiha nįkʰe ókiži mąnį́ nį iyá) - she walked around picking up the pieces, filling her sewing bag, it is said (they say) [JOD]

ex: to-wa o-zhi-ha zhi-ka o-wa-ki-zhi (tówa óžiha žíka ówakiží) - he put the four of them (his own) into the little bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gi-zhi (ugízhi) - to put into one’s own [Omaha/Ponca]; o-gi-zhu (ogízhu), o-gu-zhu (ogúzhu) - put one’s own into, as into a bag [Kaw]

 

o-zhi-ha o-k’oⁿ-he (óžiha ókʔǫhe) - to put a long object into a bag, sack, or pocket o-zhi-ha o-a-k’oⁿ-he (óžiha oákʔǫhé) - I, o-zhi-ha o-da-k’oⁿ-he (óžiha odákʔǫhé) - you, o-zhi-ha oⁿ-ko-k’oⁿ-ha-we (óžiha ǫkókʔǫhawe) - we

cf. o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile; here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile;

ex: ki-ha naⁿ o-zhi-ha o-k’oⁿ-he (kihá ną óžiha ókʔǫhe) - when he finished, he put it (the long object) in the bag [JOD]

ex: o-zhi-ha zhi-ka o-k’oⁿ-he (óžiha žíka ókʔǫhé) - he put it (the long object) in the small bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: ma-hiⁿ u-’oⁿ-he (máhiⁿ u’óⁿhe) - knife sheath [Ponca/Omaha]; u-ʰk’oⁿ-he (u-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) -  insert, put into, sheathe, place into, put, implies lifting up and putting in [CQ-Osage]; o-k’o-he (ok’óhe), o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

 

o-zhi-ha ki-pi ka-xe (óžiha kíppi káγe) - to fill a bag, sack, or pocket o-zhi-ha ki-pi pa-xe (óžiha kíppi ppáγe) - I, o-zhi-ha ki-pi shka-xe (óžiha kíppi škáγe) - you, o-zhi-ha ki-pi ka-xe (óžiha kíppi káγe) - he/she, o-zhi-ha ki-pi aⁿ-ka-xa-we (óžiha kíppi ąkáγawe) - we

cf. o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket; ki-pi ka-xe (kíppi káγe) - to fill [JOD]; o-ki-pi (okíppi) - be full, as a container; ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause; naⁿ-pe o-ki-pi (nąpé ókkippí) - handful; o-pi hi-hi-ka (oppí hihíkka) - box, paper or cardboard; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži), zhoⁿ-pi-zhi (žǫppíži) - wooden box, truck; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]

ex: o-zhi-ha ki-pi ka-xe (óžiha kíppi káγe) - he filled the bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gi-ʰpi ga-xe (u-gí-pi ga-xe) - to fill [FL-Osage]; u-ki-pi (úkipi) - full, brim full [Omaha]; u-gi-pi (u-gí-p̣i) - full, will contain no more, replete [FL-Osage]; o-kiu-ʰpiu (oküʰpü), o-ku-ʰpi (ókuʰpi) - full of, have a fullness of, be filled with, be full, be flooded, full amount, houseful [CQ-Osage]; o-gi-pi (ogípi) - be full, filled, full as a box, barrel, kettle, etc., filled as a lodge or room with people, full as with worms, maggots, etc. [Kaw]

 

put inside, tuck in, stick in

mi-knaⁿ (míkną) - put inside, tuck in, stick in mi-a-knaⁿ (miákną) - I, mi-da-knaⁿ (mídakną) - you

cf. knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (ókdą) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into, put inside; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - put or set one’s own; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; pi-knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; o-ki-knaⁿ (okkíkną) - undertake something

ex: me-a-ki-knaⁿ (meákikną́) - I put my own in my belt [JOD]

Dhegiha: mi-gthaⁿ (mí-g˘aⁿ) - to put a knife or stick under the belt; to put a knife in its sheath under the belt, to put a lariat, etc., under the belt [JOD-Omaha]

 

mi-zhi (míži) - put pl/s˘in under belt, tuck in mi-a-zhi (miáži) - I, mi-da-zhi (mídaži) - you

cf. a-zhi (áži) - put small s˘in objs onto something that serves as a platform; o-zhi (oží) - put cl into something, plant, fill; ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží) - whiskey bottle; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap

Dhegiha: mi-zhi (mí-ji) - to put a number of small things, not his, in his belt [JOD-Omaha]

 

put into

o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put singular, sitting, inanimate object or cloth, paper into o-a-knaⁿ (oákną) - I, o-da-knaⁿ (odákną) - you, oⁿ-ko-knaⁿ-we (ǫkóknąwe) - we

cf. knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put a singular inanimate object; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate, curvilinear object or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. upon a surface; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set one’s own, put one’s own; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put singular, sitting, inanimate object into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc.

ex: i-shta wa-sko-knaⁿ (ištá waskókną) - glasses, eye glasses, “eye(s) + clear, intelligible + put”

ex: iⁿ-te o-kdaⁿ (į́tte ókdą) - mask, lit. “put the face in it”

ex: i-yo-knaⁿ (iyókną) - put something in the mouth, “mouth + put in”

ex: ma-ze o-knaⁿ (mazé okną́) - bridle, “iron, metal + put in”

ex: pa-hi o-kdaⁿ (ppáhi ókdą), pa-hi o-knaⁿ (ppáhi ókną), pa-ho-knaⁿ (ppahókną) - hat, cap, “head is put inside”

ex: wa-pa-hi o-knaⁿ (wappáhi okną́) - headdress of woven yarn

ex: wa-x’o pa-hi-o-knaⁿ (waxʔó ppáhiókną) - bonnet, “woman hat”

ex: o-kdaⁿ-ke (ókdąke) - hat or cap

ex: xi-da oknaⁿ-ke (xidá okną́ke) - headdress made of eagle skins

ex: o-zhi-ha o-knaⁿ (óžiha okną) - to put it in a bag [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ di-ze naⁿ ta-i-ta o-naⁿ a-taⁿ di-ba-xe naⁿ o-zhi-ha o-knaⁿ kaⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe (kóišǫ́ttą mį dizé ną ttáitta oną attą dibáxe ną óžiha okną ką́-nįkʰé) - then he grabbed one, held it by the neck and broke it, then put it in a bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gthoⁿ (u-gthoⁿ) - to put in, putting in, a place of deposit, to inclose, in which to put, to thrust in, to put a stake in a pile when gambling [FL-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oolą́) - put into, place inside of, pour round items into, add items to cooking, pour liquid into [CQ-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oláⁿ) - put a sitting/inanimate object into something, to put a curvilinear (wide rather than tall) object such as paper, a book, a bandage, cloth, etc. within a receptacle [Kaw]

 

o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill o-a-zhi (oáži) - I, o-da-zhi (odáži) - you, oⁿko-zhi-we (ǫkóžiwe) - we

cf. o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box, wooden box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]; e-ti-zhi (ettíži) - put them on [JOD]; sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap; mi-zhi (míži) - put pl/s˘in under belt, tuck in; a-zhi (áži) - put small s˘in objects onto something that serves as a platform; koi-shoⁿ-zhi (koišǫ́ži) - piling up the pieces in that manner [JOD]

ex: maⁿ o-zhi (mą́oží) - quiver for arrows

ex: zi-hi o-zhi (zíhi óži) - jug

ex: ma-ze o-zhi (máze óži) - tin plate

ex: zhoⁿ o-zhi (žǫ́ oží) - dipper or cup of wood

ex: o-zhi ska wa-noⁿ-bde (óži ska wanǫ́bde) - bowl [MS]

ex: ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží) - whiskey bottle [MS]

ex: ma-ze ni o-zhi (mazé ni oží) - milk bottle [MS]

ex: o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket

ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka o-zhi-ha (wažį́ka ožíha) - bird’s nest

ex: te-zhe-ni o-zhi-ha (téženi óžiha) - bladder

ex: shi-o-zhi-ha (šíožíha) - uterus

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ kaⁿ-iⁿ kda-i taⁿ ta-taⁿ ho-taⁿ hi zhoⁿ-pi-zhi o-zhi taⁿ ki-k’i (kóišǫ́ttą ką́į kdá-i tą táttą hottą́ hi žǫppíži oží tą kikʔí) - so then when they went back (the other girls), he gave his own (his daughter) a wooden box filled with something very good [JOD]

ex: pe-zhe-xta zhaⁿ-a-be-tʰaⁿ o-zhi o-ki-kde-kde (ppežéxta žą́abetʰą́ oží ókikdékde) - flour-barrel-filled-set up in a row [JOD]

ex: o-zhi-ha zhi-ka e-ti o-wa-zhi naⁿ (óžiha žiká étti ówaži ną) - he put them in there, in the little bag [JOD]

ex: to-wa o-zhi-ha zhi-ka o-wa-ki-zhi (tówa óžiha žíka ówakiží) - he put the four of them (his own) into the little bag [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-zhi (uzhí) - to fill with water, grain, or any bulky substance, to fill with any quantity of small objects, to plant or sow grain, seed, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (úzhi) - a pocket [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (uzhi) - luggage, packet, suitcase, load, gardener, container, contain [Omaha]; u-zhi (úzhi) - cabinet, bin, baggage [Omaha]; u-zhi (ú-zhi) - to plant [FL-Osage]; u-zhi (u-zhi), o-zhi (ó-zhi) - a hollow receptacle [FL-Osage]; u-zhu (ú-zhu) - a pocket, a receptacle [FL-Osage]; o-zhu (óožu) - put stuff in, plant stuff, pocket, bottle, container, vessel [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (oožú) - pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beans, pour for someone, put in, plant or sow, put in, receptacle, container, bottle, cup, bowl, jar, shaker, holder, for pourable dry or liquid substances [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (ózhu) - bottle [Kaw]; o-zhu (ozhú) - put or pour something into something, put many small objects in something, fill, plant [Kaw]

 

put into or beneath

o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put singular/sitting/inanimate object into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc.

cf. o-ki-knaⁿ (okkíkną) - undertake something; knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (ókdą) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into, put inside; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set one’s own, put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; mi-knaⁿ (míkną) - put inside, tuck in, stick in; pi-knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away

Dhegiha: u-gi-gthaⁿ (u-gí-g˘aⁿ) - to put a cv. ob. belonging to himself, into a barrel or cv. box; to put his book, paper, etc., into his pocket [JOD-Omaha]; u-gi-gthoⁿ (u-gí-gthoⁿ) - to put something of your own in a pile [FL-Osage]; o-gi-laⁿ (ogílaⁿ) - put something in a container; put a sitting object into something [Kaw]

 

put lengthwise, to stand

o-kde (okdé) - put lengthwise, to stand o-a-kde (oákde) - I, o-da-kde (ódakde) - you, oⁿ-ko-kda-we (ǫkókdawe) - we

cf. a-kde (akdé) - put or set a standing or perpendicular object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it, as in pitching a tent, placing a candle on a table, etc.

Dhegiha: u-gthe (ug˘é) - put in [JOD-Omaha]; u-gthe (ugthé) - an upright stand or receptacle; the part of a bean or pea where it joins the pod [Omaha/Ponca]; u-gthe (u-gthé) - a socket, to use as supports for [FL-Osage]; o-le (olé) - put a standing/inanimate object into something [Kaw]

 

put object down carefully

a-toⁿ-wi-he-de (áttǫwihéde) - put horizontal object down carefully a-toⁿ-wi-he-a-de (áttǫwihéade) - I, a-toⁿ-wi-he-da-de (áttǫwihédade) - you

cf. a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon; to watch over with care; to aim carefully; tend; take care of; toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something; look, looking; i-he-de (ihéde) - put a horizontal object

Dhegiha: a-daⁿ-be (á-daⁿ-be) - to look straight at, as an arrow or the sight of a gun, so as not to miss the mark; to look to, to look at; to oversee; to look after [JOD-Omaha]; a-doⁿ-be (á-doⁿ-be) - to watch over with care; to guard; to aim carefully; to escort [FL-Osage]; a-toⁿ-pe (átǫpe) - watch over, watch, tend, take care of some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cooking [CQ-Osage]; a-doⁿ-be (ádoⁿbe) - oversee, look to or at; watch over [Kaw]

Dhegiha: doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - see, look at, perceive [Omaha/Ponca]; doⁿ-be (doⁿbe) - look [Omaha]; doⁿ-be (doⁿ-be) - to see; to perceive; to scrutinize; to watch [FL-Osage]; toⁿ-be (tǫ́pe) - see, observe, watch [CQ-Osage]; doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - look, look at, on or upon; see, look at [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-he-the (i-hé-˘ĕ) - to put or place a recl. an. ob. or lg. in. ob., as a tool, plank, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-he-the (í-hé-the) - to lay down a long object [FL-Osage]; i-he-the (i-hé-the) - to put a thing down, made to lie in death [FL-Osage]; i-he-ye (ihéye) - put down a singular, lying, inanimate object [Kaw]

 

a-toⁿ-wi-naⁿ-de (áttǫwiną́de) - put down a sitting/inanimate or cloth object a-toⁿ-wi-naⁿ-a-de (áttǫwiną́adé) - I, a-toⁿ-wi-naⁿ-da-de (áttǫwiną́dadé) - you

cf. a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon; to watch over with care; to aim carefully; tend; take care of; toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something; look, looking; i-naⁿ-de (iną́de) - put singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth/paper

Dhegiha: a-daⁿ-be (á-daⁿ-be) - to look straight at, as an arrow or the sight of a gun, so as not to miss the mark; to look to, to look at; to oversee; to look after [JOD-Omaha]; a-doⁿ-be (á-doⁿ-be) - to watch over with care; to guard; to aim carefully; to escort [FL-Osage]; a-toⁿ-pe (átǫpe) - watch over, watch, tend, take care of some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cooking [CQ-Osage]; a-doⁿ-be (ádoⁿbe) - oversee, look to or at; watch over [Kaw]

Dhegiha: doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - see, look at, perceive [Omaha/Ponca]; doⁿ-be (doⁿbe) - look [Omaha]; doⁿ-be (doⁿ-be) - to see; to perceive; to scrutinize; to watch [FL-Osage]; toⁿ-be (tǫ́pe) - see, observe, watch [CQ-Osage]; doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - look, look at, on or upon; see, look at [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-noⁿ-the (inoⁿthe) - put away, put it down [Omaha]; i-noⁿ-the (i-nóⁿ-the) - to put upon the ground [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: i-thaⁿ-the (i˘aⁿ˘ĕ) - to put down [JOD-Omaha]; i-thoⁿ-the (i-thóⁿ-the) - to put something away that is round [FL-Osage]; i-yaⁿ-ye (iyáⁿye) - put, place a sitting/inanimate object anywhere [Kaw]

 

a-toⁿ-wi-tʰe-de (áttǫwitʰéde) - put standing/inanimate object down carefully a-toⁿ-wi-tʰe-a-de (áttǫwitʰéadé) - I, a-toⁿ-wi-tʰe-da-de (áttǫwitʰédadé) - you

cf. a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon; to watch over with care; to aim carefully; tend; take care of; toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something; look, looking; i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate

Dhegiha: a-daⁿ-be (á-daⁿ-be) - to look straight at, as an arrow or the sight of a gun, so as not to miss the mark; to look to, to look at; to oversee; to look after [JOD-Omaha]; a-doⁿ-be (á-doⁿ-be) - to watch over with care; to guard; to aim carefully; to escort [FL-Osage]; a-toⁿ-pe (átǫpe) - watch over, watch, tend, take care of some entity, such as a baby or a purse, or some process, such as cooking [CQ-Osage]; a-doⁿ-be (ádoⁿbe) - oversee, look to or at; watch over [Kaw]

Dhegiha: doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - see, look at, perceive [Omaha/Ponca]; doⁿ-be (doⁿbe) - look [Omaha]; doⁿ-be (doⁿ-be) - to see; to perceive; to scrutinize; to watch [FL-Osage]; toⁿ-be (tǫ́pe) - see, observe, watch [CQ-Osage]; doⁿ-be (dóⁿbe) - look, look at, on or upon; see, look at [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-te-the (i-té-˘ĕ) - put it; to put or place, make stand, usually applied to objects standing on end, as barrels; to put many small things in one pile or heap [JOD-Omaha]; i-tse-the (i-tsé-the) - to place with someone for safe keeping; to put down something erect [FL-Osage]; i-che-ye (ichéye) - put down a standing/inanimate object or pile of objects [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ʰki-i-tse-the (ḳí-i-tse-the) - to put down a thing that can stand, as a filled bag, a pole, or a gun [FL-Osage]; ʰki-tsʰe-the (ʰkícʰeđe) - put down, set down, or place a standing item on a surface [CQ-Osage]; ki-tsʰe-the (kícʰeđe) - keep, set aside, put away, save as a memento or treasure [CQ-Osage]

 

put object upon a surface

a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface a-a-knaⁿ (áakną) - I, a-da-knaⁿ (ádakną) - you, oⁿ-ka-kdaⁿ-we (ǫkákdąwe) - we

cf. a (a) - on, upon; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; o-knaⁿ (okną́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps

ex: ta-siⁿ-te a-knaⁿ (ttasį́tte ákną) - roach (headress), “deer tail put upon” [MS]

ex: naⁿ-ka a-knaⁿ (ną́kka akną́) - saddle, “put upon the back” [MS]

Dhegiha: a-gthoⁿ (ágthoⁿ) - to place one thing upon another [FL-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álą) - place vertically against, place on, put on [CQ-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álaⁿ) - put curved or rounded/sitting, or cloth, or paper on [Kaw]

 

put on a belt

i-pi-da (íppida) - put on a belt i-da-pi-bda (idáppibdá) - I, i-da-pi-ta (ídappítta) - you

cf. i-pi-da-taⁿ (íppidáttą) - belt, sash

ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ e-ti a-ka-shke (íppidáttą étti ákaške) - he tied it on/to his belt [JOD]

ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ-ti (íppidáttąttí) - to his belt [JOD]

ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ-ti a-ki-ka-shka-i taⁿ o-zha tʰe tʰi-de (íppidáttąttí ákikaškái tą óža tʰe tʰidé) - he fastened it (his own) to his belt and began dancing [JOD]

Dhegiha: i-pi-tha-he (ípitháhe) - waistband [Omaha/Ponca]; i-pi-tha-ge (ipithage) - belt, sash [Omaha]; i-pi-tha (í-p̣i-tha) - belt, sash, girdle [FL-Osage]; i-ʰpi-aⁿ (íʰpią) - belt worn by men with dance clothes or outside a blanket to hold it up, any belt [CQ-Osage]; i-pi-ya (ípiya) - belt, girdle [Kaw]

 

put on clothing

i-niⁿ (inį́) - put on clothing i-bniⁿ (ibnį́) - I, i-tiⁿ (ittį́) - you

cf. a-shi-niⁿ (ášinį) - coat, “to wear or put on top of, wear over”; we-da-ni (wédanį) - dressed, clothing [JOD]

ex: i-niⁿ (ínį) - wore it [JOD]

ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka wi e-aⁿ-naⁿ-ska ke e-hoⁿ we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ pa naⁿ, wa-x’o zhi-ka ke wa-hiⁿ zhi-te i-niⁿ aⁿ-taⁿ o-zha pa naⁿ (waxʔó žiká wi eą́nąska ke ehǫ́ wénįtʰą ppá ną, waxʔó žiká ke wahį́ žítte ínį ą́ttą óža ppá ną) - the old women of my size, they also wore clothing, the old women wore red broad cloth when they danced [JOD]

ex: i-niⁿ pa (inį́ ppa) - they wore [JOD]

ex: wa-x’o naⁿ-haⁿ ke wa-tʰe shte-ka i-niⁿ pa naⁿ (waxʔó nąhą́ ke watʰé šteká inį́ ppa ną́) - grown women wore short dresses [JOD]

 

i-ni-naⁿ-haⁿ (inínąhą́) - wear, put on clothing i-da-bni-naⁿ-haⁿ (idábninąhą́) - I, i-da-bni-naⁿ-haⁿ (ídaninąhą́) - you

 

we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wénįtʰą) - put on, wear clothing we-bniⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wébnįtʰą) - I, we-tiⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wéttįtʰą) - you

ex: (wénįtʰą ppá) - wore clothing-3d.pl.(classifier) [JOD]

ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka wi e-aⁿ-naⁿ-ska ke e-hoⁿ we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ pa naⁿ, wa-x’o zhi-ka ke wa-hiⁿ zhi-te i-niⁿ aⁿ-taⁿ o-zha pa naⁿ (waxʔó žiká wi eą́nąska ke ehǫ́ wénįtʰą ppá ną, waxʔó žiká ke wahį́ žítte ínį ą́ttą óža ppá ną) - the old women of my size, they also wore clothing, the old women wore red broad cloth when they danced [JOD]

 

i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikdánį) - to put on one’s own [JOD]

ex: i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikdánį) - she had put on her own [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-taⁿ-niⁿ kda-i ke-ni-te ka-ki niⁿ e-taⁿniⁿ kʰi a-taⁿ we-da-niⁿ shi-ke he-naⁿ i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ kaⁿ-tʰaⁿ taⁿ kʰi-we (kóišǫ́ttą ettą́niⁿ kdá-i kenitté kaki nį ettą́niⁿ kʰí áttą wédanį šíke héną idákikdánį áttą ką-tʰą́ tą kʰíwe) - they (her step-sisters) started home first, although she arrived home first, before them (her step-sisters), and she put on her bad clothes and was there awhile when they (her step-sisters) reached home' (JOD)]

ex: i-da-ki-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikikdánį) - you put on your own clothing [JOD]

ex: ta-taⁿ i-da-ki-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ da ni-he (táttą idákikikdánį áttą dá-nihé) - you put on something of your own (clothing) and go [JOD]

 

put on shoes or leggings

o-tʰaⁿ (otʰą́), o-tʰoⁿ (otʰǫ́) - put on shoes or leggings, wear o-a-tʰaⁿ (oátʰą) - I, o-da-tʰaⁿ (odátʰą) - you

cf. o-ki-tʰoⁿ (okítʰǫ) - put on, as leggings or moccasins

Dhegiha: u-taⁿ (u-taⁿ́) - to put on leggings; to put on moccasins [JOD-Omaha]; (hiⁿbútoⁿ) - to put on or wear moccasins [Omaha/Ponca]; se-hiⁿ-be u-tʰoⁿ (séhiⁿbe utʰóⁿ) - put on, snowshoe; to put on snow shoes [Omaha/Ponca]; hoⁿ-be u-toⁿ (hoⁿ-bé u-toⁿ) - to put on moccasins or shoes [FL-Osage]; o-txaⁿ (otxą́), o-kxaⁿ (okxą́) - put on (e.g., pants, shoes) [CQ-Osage]

 

o-ki-tʰoⁿ (okítʰǫ) - put on, as leggings or moccasins o-a-ki-tʰoⁿ (oákitʰǫ) - I, o-da-ki-tʰoⁿ (odákitʰǫ) - you

cf. o-tʰaⁿ (otʰą́), o-tʰoⁿ (otʰǫ́) - put on shoes or leggings, wear

Dhegiha: u-gi-taⁿ (u-gí-taⁿ) - to put on his own leggings or pants [JOD-Omaha]; hiⁿ-bu-gi-tʰaⁿ (hiⁿ-bú-gi-t͓ăⁿ) - to put on or wear his own moccasins [JOD-Omaha]; o-ki-txaⁿ (okítxą), o-ki-kxaⁿ (okíkxą) - put on one’s own pants or shoes [CQ-Osage]

 

put on, push into

o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - to push into

ex: o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - he pushed into it [JOD]

ex: haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-di-shto-te o-ba-haⁿ a-taⁿ ma-xi-wa-de tʰaⁿ i-ya-we, haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke i-niⁿ-aⁿ-we ke i-ya-we, ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-tʰaⁿ i-ya-we (hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe odíštotte obáhą attą́ maγíwadé tʰą́ iyáwe, hą́ka ežį́ke etʰą́ inįą́we ké iyáwé, maštį́ke etʰą́ iyáwe) - he skinned Haⁿ-ka’s son, put on his skin and tricked them, they thought that rabbit was Haⁿ-ka’s son, they say [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ha kʰe ma-shtiⁿ-ke o-ba-haⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą há kʰe maštį́ke obáhą) - then the rabbit put the skin on [JOD]

ex: ki-di-za-we e-shoⁿ haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-ba-haⁿ tʰaⁿ o-naⁿ-shto-te naⁿ da taⁿ ni-a-ta ko-e-kde i-ya-we (kídikizáwe ešǫ́ hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe obáhą tʰą oną́štotte ną dá tą niátta koékde iyáwe) - after they made a way for him, he started to run back towards the water, he kicked off Haⁿ-ka’s son’s skin in which he had been wearing, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-ba-haⁿ (u-bá-haⁿ) - to push his way in (at the entrance) [JOD-Omaha]; o-ba-hoⁿ moⁿ-iⁿ (o-bá-hoⁿ-moⁿ-iⁿ) - Walking Within, personal name [FL-Osage]; o-pa-haⁿ (opáahą) - raise up, hold up, put on, don as clothing [CQ-Osage]; o-ba-haⁿ (obáhaⁿ) - wear [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-hoⁿ (bahóⁿ) - push up, to push up [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-hoⁿ (ba-hóⁿ) - to raise an object by pushing, to lift up, pushes up [FL-Osage]; pa-haⁿ (paahą́) - raise, hold up [CQ-Osage]; ba-haⁿ (baháⁿ) - push up, raise by burrowing [Kaw]

 

put or fill one’s own into

o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own o-a-ki-zhi (oakiži) - I, o-da-ki-zhi (odakiži) - you

cf. o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish

ex: to-wa o-zhi-ha zhi-ka o-wa-ki-zhi (tówa óžiha žíka ówakiží) - he put the four of them (his own) into the little bag [JOD]

ex: ki-ba-hi a-taⁿ wa-ba-tʰe o-zhi-ha niⁿ-kʰe o-ki-zhi maⁿ-niⁿ niⁿ i-ya (kibáhi-attą́ wabátʰe óžiha nįkʰé okíži mą́nį nį́ iyá) - she walked around picking up the pieces, filling her sewing bag, they say [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gi-zhi (ugízhi) - to put into one’s own [Omaha/Ponca]; o-gi-zhu (ogízhu), o-gu-zhu (ogúzhu) - put one’s own into, as into a bag [Kaw]

 

put or lay singular/lying/inanimate inside something

oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - put or lay singular/lying/inanimate inside something o-woⁿ-he (owǫ́he) - I, o-doⁿ-he (odǫ́he) - you, oⁿ-koⁿ-ha-we (ǫkǫ́hawe) - we

cf. aⁿ-he (ą́he) - lay a long/inanimate object on something; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile, here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile; wa-sa zhoⁿ aⁿ-he (wasá žǫ́ ąhé) - month in the Quapaw lunar calendar, early Winter or late Autumn, precedes sni-wa-te o-skaⁿ-ska (sniwáte oską́ska); i-he (íhe) - horizontal, in a lying position

ex: sa-ti o-kdaⁿ oⁿ-he (sátti ókdą ǫhé) - joists, cross timbers of house

ex: ma-hiⁿ oⁿ-he (máhį ǫhe) - knife sheath

Dhegiha: (u-oⁿ-he) - lay [FL-Osage]; o-he (óhe) - to lay a horizontal object down, such as a pencil or a fork onto a table [Kaw]; oⁿ-he (oⁿhé) - classifier for sitting or lying broad object, this is used followng another verb when a large or large and broad object is acted on [Kaw]

 

put or set

knaⁿ (kną) - set, put sitting/inanimate a-knaⁿ (akną) - I, da-knaⁿ (dakną) - you, oⁿ-knaⁿ-we (ǫknąwe) - we

cf. o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (ókdą) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into, put inside; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - put or set one’s own; ki-ki-knaⁿ (kíkikną́) - to put down one’s own for someone [JOD]; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; pi-knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; o-ki-knaⁿ (okkíkną) - undertake something

Dhegiha: a-gthoⁿ (ágthoⁿ) - to place one thing upon another [FL-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álą) - place vertically against, place on, put on [CQ-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álaⁿ) - put curved or rounded/sitting, or cloth, or paper on [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-gthaⁿ (ug˘áⁿ) - put in [JOD-Omaha]; u-gthoⁿ (u-gthoⁿ) - to put in, putting in, a place of deposit, to inclose, in which to put, to thrust in, to put a stake in a pile when gambling [FL-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oolą́) - put into, place inside of, pour round items into, add items to cooking, pour liquid into [CQ-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oláⁿ) - put a sitting/inanimate object into something, to put a curvilinear (wide rather than tall) object such as paper, a book, a bandage, cloth, etc. within a receptacle [Kaw]

 

put or set a standing or perpendicular object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it

a-kde (akdé) - put; set a standing or perpendicular object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it, as in pitching a tent, placing a candle on a table, etc. a-a-kde (áakdé) - I, a-da-kde (ádakdé) - you, oⁿ-ka-kda-we (ǫkákdawe) - we

cf. o-kde (okdé) - put lengthwise, to stand

ex: ma-shoⁿ a-a-kde (mášǫ áakde) - I stick a feather upright (in my hair)

ex: a-shi a-kde (aši akde) - to set an object on top of something else

ex: siⁿ-te a-kde (sį́tte ákde) - to wear a tail in the belt, ballplayers evidently did this

ex: wa-kde sa i-niⁿ-ha a-kde pa naⁿ (wákde sá inįhá ákde pa ną́) - they wore (a) black feather on the head too [JOD]

Dhegiha: a-gthe (ág˘e) - to stick an upright object or feather in something; place upright on [JOD-Omaha]; a-gthe (á-gthe) - to place on top of another in an upright position [FL-Osage]; a-le (ále), a-dle (ádle) - place an item upright on another item, set on [CQ-Osage]; a-le (ále) - stand a perpendicular object, such as a candlestick, on a surface [Kaw]

 

put or set down one’s own for someone

ki-ki-knaⁿ (kíkikną́) - to put down one’s own for someone

cf. ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - put or set one’s own; knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put, put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; o-knaⁿ (okną́) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into

ex: ki-ki-knaⁿ (kíkikną́) - she put down her own for him; she put down it, her own, for him [JOD]

ex: e o-do-ha-ke ni a-shka ki taⁿ pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe ki-ki-knaⁿ (é odóhake ní áška kí tą ppahí nįkʰé kíkikną́) - that/last one/water/near/reached here again/when/head/the(part)/she put down her own for him [JOD]

ex: ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (kíkikną́wi) - they put down their own animate object for him [JOD]

ex: e-te-zha shoⁿ-zhi-ka ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (ettéža šǫ́žiká kíkikną́wi) - then they put their pup down for him [JOD]

ex: shoⁿ-zhi-ka i-naⁿ-pa tʰaⁿ ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (šǫ́žiká ínąp͓á tʰą kíkikną́wi) - they put their second pup down for him [JOD]

ex: e-ti shoⁿ-zhi-ka i-da-bniⁿ tʰaⁿ ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi (étti šǫ́žiká ídabnį tʰą kíkikną́wi) - there, they put their third pup down for him [JOD]

ex: e-ti i-to-wa tʰaⁿ o-do-ha-ke ki-ki-knaⁿ-wi, i-ya-we, shoⁿ-zhi-ka (étti ítowa tʰą odóhake kíkikną́wi, iyáwe, šǫ́žiká) - they put down the fourth pup, the last born pup for him, they say [JOD]

 

ki-ki-zhi (kikiží) - to put down one’s own collection for someone [JOD]

cf. o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish

ex: ki-a-ki-zhi (kiákiží) - I put down my pieces for him [JOD]

ex: ki-ki-zhi (kikiží) - she put down her own collection before him [JOD]

ex: ni-ka e-ta ta-xe-ki-de kʰe ki-ki-zhi (níkka ettá táxekidé kʰe kikiží) - her man (husband), which she had barbecued, she put down her own collection before him (the man eater) [JOD]

Dhegiha: u-gi-zhi (ugízhi) - to put into one’s own [Omaha/Ponca]; o-gi-zhu (ogízhu), o-gu-zhu (ogúzhu) - put one’s own into, as into a bag [Kaw]

 

put or set one’s own

ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own

cf. a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; ki-ki-knaⁿ (kíkikną́) - she put down her own for him; she put down it, her own, for him [JOD]; knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put, put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface; o-knaⁿ (okną́) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting (curvilinear) objects so their edges touch; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put sg/si/in into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc.

ex: na-xnaⁿ ki-knaⁿ (naxną́ kikną́) - hide one’s own singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth object

ex: wi-ti-kaⁿ na-xnaⁿ ki-knaⁿ, i-ke (wittiką naxną́ kíkną́, iké) - my grandfather hide me (your relation), she said to him [JOD]

ex: na-xnaⁿ da-ki-knaⁿ koⁿ-bda wi-ti-kaⁿ, i-ke (naxną́ dakikną kkǫbdá wittiką́, iké) - my grandfather, I want you to hide me (your relation), she said to him [JOD]

Dhegiha: a-gi-gthaⁿ (á-gi-g˘aⁿ) - to place his own cv. ob., book, paper, piece of calico, etc., on something else; to apply his medicine externally, as a plaster or poultice [JOD-Omaha]; a-gu-laⁿ (águlaⁿ) - set one’s object upon; set one’s cloth, paper, book, etc., on a surface; set a squat object on a surface for someone [Kaw]

Dhegiha: a-gthoⁿ (ágthoⁿ) - to place one thing upon another [FL-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álą) - place vertically against, place on, put on [CQ-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álaⁿ) - put curved or rounded/sitting, or cloth, or paper on [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-gthoⁿ (u-gthoⁿ) - to put in, putting in, a place of deposit, to inclose, in which to put, to thrust in, to put a stake in a pile when gambling [FL-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oolą́) - put into, place inside of, pour round items into, add items to cooking, pour liquid into [CQ-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oláⁿ) - put a sitting/inanimate object into something, to put a curvilinear (wide rather than tall) object such as paper, a book, a bandage, cloth, etc. within a receptacle [Kaw]

 

put or set one’s own on a surface

a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface a-a-ki-knaⁿ (áakikną) - I, a-da-ki-knaⁿ (ádakikną) - you, oⁿ-ka-ki-kna-we (ǫ́kakiknáwe) - we

cf. a (á) - on or upon; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put upon a surface; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting (curvilinear) objects so their edges touch; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put sg/si/in into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps

ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ te (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tte) - I will put my hat on the table

ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tta mįkʰé) - I will put my hat on the table

ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-ki-knaⁿ tʰaⁿ (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši ákikną tʰą) - he is putting his hat on the table

Dhegiha: a-gi-gthaⁿ (á-gi-g˘aⁿ) - to place his own cv. ob., book, paper, piece of calico, etc., on something else; to apply his medicine externally, as a plaster or poultice [JOD-Omaha]; a-gu-laⁿ (águlaⁿ) - set one’s object upon; set one’s cloth, paper, book, etc., on a surface; set a squat object on a surface for someone [Kaw]

 

put out a fire or light

di-da-zhi (didáži), di-ta-zhi (dittáži) - to extinguish or put out a fire or light; turn off

cf. a-da-zhi (ádaži) - extinguish, scatter; ta (tá) - by extreme temperature

ex: a-ta-kaⁿ di-ta-zhi (áttakką dittáži) - turn off the light, extinguish the light

Dhegiha: thi-da-zhi (thi-dá-zhi) - to put out a light; to put out a fire with the hands [FL-Osage]; thu-ta-zhi (đuutáaži), thi-ta-zhi (điitáaži) - turn off, switch off, extinguish [CQ-Osage]; a-ta-ʰkaiⁿ thu-ta-zhi  (átaʰkaį đuutáaži) - turn off the light [CQ-Osage]; yu-da-zhi (yudázhi) - extinguish a fire by scattering it
[Kaw]

Dhegiha: ba-da-zhi (ba-dá-zhi) - to extinguish a fire by poking [FL-Osage]; ba-da-zhi (badázhi) - extinguish a fire, push dirt on a fire to extinguish it [Kaw]

Dhegiha: bi-da-zhi (bi-dá-zhi) - to extinguish; to cause to become extinct [FL-Osage]; bu-da-zhi (budázhi) - extinguish, put out by pressure [Kaw]; bo-da-zhi (bódazhi), bo-da-zhe (bódazhe) - extinguish a light by shooting or blowing it out with the mouth [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ga-na-zhi (ganazhi) - extinguish [Omaha]; ga-da-zhi (ga-dá-zhi) - to extinguish a fire by beating it with wet clothes [FL-Osage]; ga-da-zhi (gadázhi), ga-da-zhe (gadázhe) - extinguish, put out by striking; rain to extinguish a fire [Kaw]

Dhegiha: noⁿ-da-zhi (noⁿ-dá-zhi) - to stamp out a fire [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-da-zhe (naⁿdázhe) - extinguish coals or a fire by stamping on it [Kaw]

Dhegiha: na-zhi (názhi) - go out; to go out, as a fire [Omaha/Ponca]; da-zhi (da-zhi) - burn out; extinguish; put out (a fire) [FL-Osage]; ta-zhi (táaži) - go out, not burn, become extinguished [CQ-Osage]; da-zhi (dázhi) - be extinguished, to have gone out, as a fire [Kaw]

Dhegiha: na (na) - prefix showing that the act is the effect of heat or cold, frost, fire, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; da (da) - a prefix denoting fire or the effects of fire in it’s destruction [FL-Osage]; ta (táa) -by extreme of temperature, by heat or cold [CQ-Osage]; da (dá) - instrumental prefix indicating effect of fire, heat, or extreme cold (more often heat than cold) [Kaw]

 

put singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth/paper

i-naⁿ-de (iną́de) - put singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth/paper i-naⁿ-a-de (iną́adé) - I, i-naⁿ-da-de (iną́dadé) - you

ex: a-da-ska i-naⁿ-de (ádaska iną́de) - place something, e.g. paper, in order to make it stick

ex: a-ka-spi-naⁿ-de (ákaspiną́de) - put a squat (curvilinear) object on another to hold it down, e.g., a stone

ex: a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting (curvilinear) objects so their edges touch

ex: a-toⁿ-wi-naⁿ-de áttǫwiną́de) - put down a sitting/inanimate or cloth object

ex: be-shoⁿ-shoⁿ i-naⁿ-de (besǫ́sǫ iną́de) - wrinkle up, fold

ex: na-xnaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (naxną́ iną́de) - hide a singular/sitting/inanimate object

ex: shoⁿ i-naⁿ-de (šǫ́ iną́de) - bequeath singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth

Dhegiha: i-noⁿ-the (inoⁿthe) - put away, put it down [Omaha]; i-noⁿ-the (i-nóⁿ-the) - to put upon the ground [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: i-thaⁿ-the (i˘aⁿ˘ĕ) - to put down [JOD-Omaha]; i-thoⁿ-the (i-thóⁿ-the) - to put something away that is round [FL-Osage]; i-yaⁿ-ye (iyáⁿye) - put, place a sitting/inanimate object anywhere [Kaw]

 

put small objects onto something that serves as a platform

a-zhi (áži) - put small scattered, inanimate objects onto something; put small objects onto something that serves as a platform a-a-zhi (áaži) - I, a-da-zhi (ádaži) - you, oⁿ-ka-zhi-we (ǫkážiwe) - we

cf. sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap; sto-de-wa-zhi (stodéwaži) - place plural/animate objects in one place; e-ti-zhi (ettíži) - put them on [JOD]; mi-zhi (míži) - put under belt, tuck in; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]

ex: a-zhi (áži) - put on her [JOD]

ex: koi-shoⁿtaⁿ mi-zhi-ka e-zhi ke i-ho-sa a-ta-ha, ni-xo-te a-zhi a-taⁿ ta-xa-xa-ke ka-xe a-taⁿ i-ki-xa koⁿ pa (kóišǫ́ttą mižíka éži ke ihosá attahá, nixótte áži áttą táγaγáke káγe áttą íkixa kǫ pá) - then the other girls scolded her, they put ashes on her which made her cry from the heat, they were laughing at her [JOD]

ex: koⁿ-ze e-koⁿ a-zhi (kkǫ́ze ékǫ áži) - copy, write over again

Dhegiha: a-zhi (áji) - to spread a number of small objects on [JOD-Omaha]; a-zhi (a-zhi) - scattered upon, scattered about [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (á-zhu) - to put a number of articles on a rack [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (ážu) - put out, set out (multiple items); place, array, display (multiple items) on top of something else [CQ-Osage]; a-zhu (ázhu) - put many objects on a surface of any thing [Kaw]

 

put something in the mouth

i-yo-knaⁿ (iyókną) - put something in the mouth i-yo-a-knaⁿ (iyóakną́) - I, i-yo-da-knaⁿ (iyódakną́) - you

cf. i (i) - mouth; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into

Dhegiha: i (i) - mouth of a person or animal [Omaha/Ponca]; i (i) - mouth [Omaha]; i (i) - mouth [FL-Osage]; i (i) - mouth [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-ha (íha) - lip [Omaha/Ponca]; i-ha (íha) - lips [Omaha]; i-ha (í-ha) - mouth [FL-Osage]; i-ha (íhaa) - mouth [CQ-Osage]; i-ha (íha) - mouth, or top of the mouth [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-gthoⁿ (u-gthoⁿ) - to put in, putting in, a place of deposit, to inclose, in which to put, to thrust in, to put a stake in a pile when gambling [FL-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oolą́) - put into, place inside of, pour round items into, add items to cooking, pour liquid into [CQ-Osage]; o-laⁿ (oláⁿ) - put a sitting/inanimate object into something, to put a curvilinear (wide rather than tall) object such as paper, a book, a bandage, cloth, etc. within a receptacle [Kaw]

 

put standing object

i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate i-tʰe-a-de (itʰéadé) - I, i-tʰe-da-de (itʰédadé) - you

ex: a-di-kʰaⁿ i-tʰe-de (ádikʰą itʰéde) - pull over a singular/standing/inanimate object, make an upright object lean by pulling it

ex: a-kʰaⁿ i-tʰe-de (ákʰą itʰéde) - set up a movable object so that it leans against something

ex: a-ki-di-te-te i-tʰe-de (ákkidittette itʰéde) - to place a number of objects so that they cross one another

ex: a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-de (ákkikdáska itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch

ex: a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch

ex: a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile, here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile

ex: a-ki-sto-de i-tʰe-de (ákkistóde itʰéde) - pile up, make a heap

ex: a-ki-ze-ze i-tʰe-de (ákkizéze itʰéde) - pile up many flat objects one on another, such as books ex: k’iⁿ kʰi-taⁿ a-shi-ti i-tʰe-de naⁿ i-ya (kʔį́ kʰíttą ášitti itʰéde ną iyá) - when he reached home carrying (the meat) on his back, he piled it outside (the lodge), it is said

ex: a-toⁿ-wi-tʰe-de (áttǫwitʰéde) - put standing/inanimate object down carefully

ex: bda-bda i-tʰe-de (bdabdá itʰéde) - pull up on the long end, as a plank

ex: bda-ska i-tʰe-de (bdáska itʰéde) - pull something upright on short end

ex: na-xnaⁿ i-tʰe-de (naxną́ itʰéde) - hide singular/standing/inanimate or collection

ex: ni-ski-ta a-ba-xda-te i-tʰe-de (niškítta ábaxdátte itʰéde) - he stuck it (the pin) into his hair (upright on the back of his head) [JOD]

ex: sto-de i-tʰe-de (stodé itʰéde) - collect small objects in a group

ex: ti-ze a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-de (ttižé ákaspe žíka itʰéde) - to shut the door a little

ex: ti-zhe a-ka-spe zhi-ka i-tʰe-da (ttižé ákaspe jíka itʰedá) - shut the door a little!

Dhegiha: i-te-the (i-té-˘ĕ) - put it; to put or place, make stand, usually applied to objects standing on end, as barrels; to put many small things in one pile or heap [JOD-Omaha]; i-tse-the (i-tsé-the) - to place with someone for safe keeping; to put down something erect [FL-Osage]; i-che-ye (ichéye) - put down a standing/inanimate object or pile of objects [Kaw]

Dhegiha: ʰki-i-tse-the (ḳí-i-tse-the) - to put down a thing that can stand, as a filled bag, a pole, or a gun [FL-Osage]; ʰki-tsʰe-the (ʰkícʰeđe) - put down, set down, or place a standing item on a surface [CQ-Osage]; ki-tsʰe-the (kícʰeđe) - keep, set aside, put away, save as a memento or treasure [CQ-Osage]

 

put the face in it, mask

iⁿ-te o-kdaⁿ (į́tte ókdą) - mask, lit. “put the face in it”

cf. iⁿ-te (įtté) - face; o-kdaⁿ (ókdą), o-knaⁿ (ókną) - put inside; knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put object upon a surface; pa-hi o-kdaⁿ (ppáhi ókdą), pa-hi o-knaⁿ (ppáhi ókną), pa-ho-knaⁿ (ppahókną) - hat, cap, “head is put inside”; wa-pa-hi o-knaⁿ (wappáhi okną́) - headdress of woven yarn; wa-x’o pa-hi-o-knaⁿ (waxʔó ppáhiókną) - bonnet

Dhegiha: iⁿ-de u-gthoⁿ (iⁿde ugthoⁿ) - mask [Omaha]; iⁿ-dse u-gthoⁿ (iⁿ-dsé u-gthoⁿ) - a halter [FL-Osage]; i-je o-laⁿ (ijé oláⁿ), i-jo-laⁿ (ijólaⁿ) - mask, from ijé ‘face’ + oláⁿ ‘sits on there’ [Kaw]

 

put them on

e-ti-zhi (ettíži) - put them on [JOD]

cf. e-ti (ettí) - there; sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap; sto-de-wa-zhi (stodéwaži) - place plural/animate objects in one place; a-zhi (áži) - put small scattered, inanimate objects onto something; put small objects onto something that serves as a platform; mi-zhi (míži) - put under belt, tuck in; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]

ex: e-ti maⁿ-ze-ska a-kaⁿ-ta i-niⁿ-ha wa-di-ski-ta maⁿ-ze shto-zha o-ki-ba-taⁿ e-ti-zhi pa naⁿ (ettí mązéska ákątta inįhá wádiskittá mązé štóža okkíbattą ettíži ppa ną) - sliver armlets and silver crescent bracelets, they put them on in rows, one after another [JOD]

Dhegiha: a-zhi (áji) - to spread a number of small objects on [JOD-Omaha]; a-zhi (a-zhi) - scattered upon, scattered about [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (á-zhu) - to put a number of articles on a rack [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (ážu) - put out, set out (multiple items); place, array, display (multiple items) on top of something else [CQ-Osage]; a-zhu (ázhu) - put many objects on a surface of any thing [Kaw]

Dhegiha: u-zhi (uzhí) - to fill with water, grain, or any bulky substance, to fill with any quantity of small objects, to plant or sow grain, seed, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (úzhi) - a pocket [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (uzhi) - luggage, packet, suitcase, load, gardener, container, contain [Omaha]; u-zhi (úzhi) - cabinet, bin, baggage [Omaha]; u-zhi (ú-zhi) - to plant [FL-Osage]; u-zhi (u-zhi), o-zhi (ó-zhi) - a hollow receptacle [FL-Osage]; u-zhu (ú-zhu) - a pocket, a receptacle [FL-Osage]; o-zhu (óožu) - put stuff in, plant stuff, pocket, bottle, container, vessel [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (oožú) - pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beans, pour for someone, put in, plant or sow, put in, receptacle, container, bottle, cup, bowl, jar, shaker, holder, for pourable dry or liquid substances [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (ózhu) - bottle [Kaw]; o-zhu (ozhú) - put or pour something into something, put many small objects in something, fill, plant [Kaw]

 

put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch

a-ki-ki-kde i-he-de (ákkikkíkde ihéde) - put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch a-ki-ki-kde i-he-a-de (ákkikkíkde ihéade) - I, a-ki-ki-kde i-he-da-de (ákkikkíkde ihédade) - you

cf. a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-de (ákkikdáska itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting curvilinear objects so their edges touch

Dhegiha: i-he-the (i-hé-˘ĕ) - to put or place a recl. an. ob. or lg. in. ob., as a tool, plank, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-he-the (í-hé-the) - to lay down a long object [FL-Osage]; i-he-the (i-hé-the) - to put a thing down, made to lie in death [FL-Osage]; i-he-ye (ihéye) - put down a singular, lying, inanimate object [Kaw]

 

put two objects so their ends/edges touch

a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting (curvilinear--JOD) objects so their edges touch a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-a-de (ákkikną iną́ade) - I, a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-da-de (ákkikną iną́dade) - you

cf. knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put sg/si/in into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps; i-naⁿ-de (iną́de) - put singular/sitting/inanimate or cloth/paper

Dhegiha: a-gi-gthaⁿ (á-gi-g˘aⁿ) - to place his own cv. ob., book, paper, piece of calico, etc., on something else; to apply his medicine externally, as a plaster or poultice [JOD-Omaha]; a-gu-laⁿ (águlaⁿ) - set one’s object upon; set one’s cloth, paper, book, etc., on a surface; set a squat object on a surface for someone [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-noⁿ-the (inoⁿthe) - put away, put it down [Omaha]; i-noⁿ-the (i-nóⁿ-the) - to put upon the ground [FL-Osage]

Dhegiha: i-thaⁿ-the (i˘aⁿ˘ĕ) - to put down [JOD-Omaha]; i-thoⁿ-the (i-thóⁿ-the) - to put something away that is round [FL-Osage]; i-yaⁿ-ye (iyáⁿye) - put, place a sitting/inanimate object anywhere [Kaw]

 

a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-a-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéade) - I, a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-da-de (ákkikkíkde itʰédade) - you

cf. a-ki-ki-kde i-he-de (ákkikkíkde ihéde) - put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch; a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-de (ákkikdáska itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting curvilinear objects so their edges touch; i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate

Dhegiha: a-ʰki-ʰki-gthe (áḳiḳigthe) to join two boards or poles [FL-Osage]; a-ki-ki-le (akíkile) - stacked on top of each other; joined at the ends making a joint, as two boards [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-te-the (i-té-˘ĕ) - put it; to put or place, make stand, usually applied to objects standing on end, as barrels; to put many small things in one pile or heap [JOD-Omaha]; i-tse-the (i-tsé-the) - to place with someone for safe keeping; to put down something erect [FL-Osage]; i-che-ye (ichéye) - put down a standing/inanimate object or pile of objects [Kaw]

 

a-ki-ki-kde i-he-de (ákkikkíkde ihéde) - put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch a-ki-ki-kde i-he-da-de (ákkikkíkde ihédade) - you

cf. a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-de (ákkikdáska itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting curvilinear objects so their edges touch; i-he-de (ihéde) - put a horizontal object

Dhegiha: a-ʰki-ʰki-gthe (áḳiḳigthe) to join two boards or poles [FL-Osage]; a-ki-ki-le (akíkile) - stacked on top of each other; joined at the ends making a joint, as two boards [Kaw]

Dhegiha: i-he-the (i-hé-˘ĕ) - to put or place a recl. an. ob. or lg. in. ob., as a tool, plank, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; i-he-the (í-hé-the) - to lay down a long object [FL-Osage]; i-he-the (i-hé-the) - to put a thing down, made to lie in death [FL-Osage]; i-he-ye (ihéye) - put down a singular, lying, inanimate object [Kaw]

 

a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-de (ákkikdáska itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-a-de (ákkikdáska itʰéade) - I, a-ki-kda-ska i-tʰe-da-de (ákkikdáska itʰédade) - you

cf. a-ki-ki-kde i-tʰe-de (ákkikkíkde itʰéde) - put two standing, inanimate objects so their ends touch; a-ki-ki-kde i-he-de (ákkikkíkde ihéde) - put two long inanimate objects, e.g., books, planks, so their ends touch; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting curvilinear objects so their edges touch; i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate

Dhegiha: i-te-the (i-té-˘ĕ) - put it; to put or place, make stand, usually applied to objects standing on end, as barrels; to put many small things in one pile or heap [JOD-Omaha]; i-tse-the (i-tsé-the) - to place with someone for safe keeping; to put down something erect [FL-Osage]; i-che-ye (ichéye) - put down a standing/inanimate object or pile of objects [Kaw]

 

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