English to Quapaw Dictionary

O

oak acorns - oh

oil - on this side

on top of  - one side

one thing - oneself

onion - otter skin

our, ours plural - ox

 

on top of, cover

► a-ka-ti-ze (ákattize) - cover, as with snow; said with snow is blown on top of other snow, logs, the ground, etc.

► ex: aⁿ-ka-ti-ze (ą́kattize) - cover, as with snow onto me

► ex: a-di-ka-ti-ze (ádikattize) - cover, as with snow onto you

 

on top of, on, over

► a-shi (áši) - over, on top of, on

► a-shi (áši) - on, over [AG]

► ex: a-ni a-shi (áni áši) - up on a hill [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ a-ni a-shi tʰaⁿ, i-bniⁿ-aⁿ (šǫ́keaknį áni áši tʰą́, íbnįą́) - I think the horse is standing on the hill

► ex: iⁿ a-shi (į áši) - on the stone

► ex: ni a-shi (ni áši) - on the water

► ex: a-shi-niⁿ (ášinį) - coat, “to wear or put on top of, wear over”

► ex: a-shi a-kde (aši akde) - to set an object on top of something else

► ex: ni kʰe a-shi de kʰe (ní kʰe áši de kʰé) - the water goes (flows) over (ice formed earlier),

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ te (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tte) - I will put my hat on the table

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tta mįkʰé) - I will put my hat on the table

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-ki-knaⁿ tʰaⁿ (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši ákikną tʰą) - he is putting his hat on the table

► ex: a-shi ki-knaⁿ (áši kikną́) - pull up out of; pull something out of water, mud, a hole, etc.

 

on, a boil on the body

► xdi-xdi (xdíxdi) - boil; a sore on the body

► Dhegiha: xthi-xthi (q¢í- q¢i) - to have the body covered with running sores [JOD-Omaha]; xli-xli (xlíxli) - miry, mud and water oozing up [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: xthi (q¢i) - to ooze, as pus from a boil or pimple that has burst; to break out in sores; a raw place, a running sore [JOD-Omaha]; xthi (xthi) - sore, pus [Omaha]; xthi (xthi) - fester, suppurate [FL-Osage]

 

on, an embankment caving in on one

► maⁿ-a-zi a-ka-spe (mą́azi ákaspe) - an embankment caving in on one

► cf. maⁿ-a-zi (mą́azi) - bank, embankment; ma-zi o-di-ko-te (mázi ódikótte) - bluff, cliff; a-ka-spe (ákaspe) - close, shut; cave in; a-ka-spe i-he-de (ákaspe ihéde) - put a horizontal object on another to hold it down, e.g., a paper-weight

► ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-ka-spe (mą́azi ákaspe) - to cave in on, as a bank does

► ex: maⁿ-a-zi a-di-ka-spe na-ha (mą́azi ádikáspe nahá) - beware lest the bank cave in on you!

 ► Dhegiha: maⁿ-a (maⁿ-á) - a steep place; a cliff or bank, as a river [JOD-Omaha]; moⁿ-a (moⁿá) - steep place; cliff or river bank [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-ha (móⁿ-ha) - a cliff [FL-Osage]; moⁿ-ha (mǫ́ǫha) - cliff, bank, escarpment, mountain [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-ha stse-je (máⁿha scéje) - cliff [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-ga-spe (á-ga-çpe) - to cover up an object, the falling of something heavy on a person or a thing [FL-Osage]; a-ka-spe (akáaspe) - shade, blind, covering [CQ-Osage]; a-ka-spe (ákaaspe) - put over, put upon, cover as with cloth or blanket, cover with dirt as a grave, cover over, cover up [CQ-Osage]; a-ga-spe (ágaspe) - cover completely, concealing every part [Kaw]

 

on, become evening on someone or something

► a-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (áhąnąppáze) - darken, become evening on someone or something

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (hą́nąppáze) - darkness, evening; haⁿ (hą), hoⁿ (hǫ) - night; a-pa-ze (appáze) - nightfall; pa-ze (ppáze) - evening; pa-ze de (ppazéde) - evening; pa-ze de wa-naⁿ-bde (ppazéde waną́bde) - supper [MS]

► ex: na-xi-da-hi aⁿ-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (náxidahi ą́hąnąppáze) - it got dark around me suddenly

► ex: a-di-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (ádihąnąppaze) - it got dark on you

► ex: wa-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-za-we (wáhąnąppázawe) - it got dark on us

► Dhegiha: a-ga-ha-na-pa-ze (ágahanapáze) - to be dark over, to overshadow [Omaha/Ponca]; u-ga-ha-na-pa-ze (ugáhanapáze) - darkness [Omaha/Ponca]; u-ga-hoⁿ-noⁿ-pa-ze (uga honnon paçe) - black out, darkness [Omaha]; hoⁿ-noⁿ-pa-ze (hóⁿ-noⁿ-pa-çe) - night darkness, hoⁿ (hoⁿ), night; noⁿ-pa-ze (noⁿ-pa-çe), darkness: jail, this refers to the gloomy aspect of the prison [FL-Osage]; haⁿ-naⁿ-ʰpa-ze (hą́ąnąʰpáze) - night, at night, dark, darken, become/get dark, dark night, darkness of night, jail, guardhouse, prison [CQ-Osage]; haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (háⁿnaⁿpàze) - be darkness, be dark [Kaw]

o-ga-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze daⁿ (ogáhaⁿnaⁿpáze-daⁿ) - during darkness, the other Kansa use haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (haⁿnaⁿpaze), but o-ga-haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze (ogáhaⁿnaⁿpaze) may be an archaic word, and it agrees with the Ponca in form [Kaw]

 

on, blow on something

► bi-xoⁿ (biγǫ́) - blow on something ► pi-xoⁿ (ppíγǫ) - I, shpi-xoⁿ (špíγǫ) - you

► cf. o-bi-xoⁿ (obíγǫ) - blow into, inflate; a-bi-xoⁿ (ábiγǫ) - squirt, spit on

► Dhegiha: bi-xoⁿ (bixóⁿ) - blow, to blow, as at a fire [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-xaⁿ (bi-xáⁿ) - to blow at, as a fire [JOD-Omaha]; bi-xoⁿ (bi-xóⁿ) - to blow with the breath, to make a fire burn by blowing [FL-Osage]; pi-xaⁿ (píɣą) - blow as one’s nose, blow on something, blow into a fire, blow dust off a surface, blow a dandelion away in the wind, blow on a burnt finger to relieve pain [CQ-Osage]; bi-ghaⁿ (bigháⁿ) - blow on a fire to make it burn [Kaw]

 

on, blows cold on and off

► ka-sni-sni (kasnísni) - autumn, “blows cold on and off”

► cf. ka (ka) - by striking, wind, water; sni (sni) - cold, to be cold

► Dhegiha: u-ga-sni (ugáçni) - breezy, ventilate [Omaha]

 

on, bundle carried on the back

► we-k’iⁿ (wékʔį) - pack, bundle carried on back

► cf. k’iⁿ (kʔį) - carry, pack on the back; kda-k’iⁿ (kdakʔį) - carry one’s own bundle or pack; ki-k’iⁿ (kikʔį́) - carry on one’s own back, pack; ski-ke k’iⁿ (skíke kʔį) - carry a heavy load; wa-k’iⁿ tʰe (wakʔį́ tʰe) - the carrying of something; i-k’iⁿ (íkʔį) - suspenders [MS]; maⁿ-o-zhi i-k’iⁿ (mą́oži íkʔį) - quiver strap

► Dhegiha: we-’iⁿ (wé’iⁿ) - packstrap [JOD-Omaha]; nu-de we-iⁿ (nude weiⁿ) - suspenders [Omaha]; nu-de we-’iⁿ (núde wé’iⁿ) - ox yoke [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-ge nu-de we-’iⁿ (shóⁿge núde wé’iⁿ) - horse collar [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-ge we-iⁿ (shoⁿge weiⁿ) - harness [Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ’iⁿ (’íⁿ) - carry, carrying [JOD-Omaha]; ʰk’iⁿ (ḳ’iⁿ) - to carry [FL-Osage]; k’iⁿ (kʔį́) - carry, carry on the back [CQ-Osage]; k’iⁿ (k’iⁿ) - pack on the back, carry on the back [Kaw]

 

on, crack something by walking on it

► o-naⁿ-ta-na (oną́ttana) - crack something by walking on it ► o-a-naⁿ-ta-na (oánąttána) - I, o-da-naⁿ-ta-na (odánąttána) - you, oⁿ-ko-naⁿ-ta-we (ǫkónąttáwe) - we

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; o-ta-na (ottána) - space, crack, interval; o-ka-ta-na (okáttana) - crack something by handling it

► Dhegiha: u-ta-na (u-tá-na), u-taⁿ-na (u-táⁿ-na) - a space, as between two lines [JOD-Omaha]; o-ʰtaⁿ-na (oʰtą́na), o-ʰtaⁿ-naⁿ (oʰtą́ną) - between, in between, the space between things [CQ-Osage]; o-ta-naⁿ (otánaⁿ) - space between two things, e.g. between furrows [Kaw]

 

on, cut or slice on something

► a-ka (áka) - cut (slice) on something; slice meat into thin strips on something ► a-a-ka (áaka) - I, a-da-ka (ádaka) - you, oⁿ-ka-ka-we (ǫ́kakawe) - we

► Dhegiha: a-ga (á-ga) - to cut an object into thin slices or strips on something [JOD-Omaha]; wa-ga (wága) - of a-ga (aga), to cut meat into slices [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ga (á-ga) - to slice meat for drying [FL-Osage]

 

on, depend on someone

► o-ki-toⁿ-we (ókittǫ́we) - depend on someone ► o-a-toⁿ-we (óattǫ́we) - I, o-da-toⁿ-we (ódattǫ́we) - you

► cf. a-ki-toⁿ-we (ákkittǫ́we) - watch out for, beware of, take great care of, refrain from; toⁿ-we (tǫ́we), taⁿ-we (tą́we) - look at something; a-taⁿ-we (átąwe), (áttąwe) - look upon; o-toⁿ-we (otǫ́we) - look at singular/animate/object; o-toⁿ-we (ótǫwe) - look at plural/animate/objects; wa-ki-toⁿ-we (wakíttǫwe) - scout for someone; wa-toⁿ-we (watǫ́we) - scout, reconnoiter; wa-toⁿ-we de (watǫ́we dé) - go as a scout, reconnoiter

 

on, drum on ground or floor with feet

► naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet ► a-naⁿ-ko-ke (aną́kkoke) - I, da-naⁿ-ko-ke (daną́kkoke) - you

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door; bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm; ga-ko-ke (gákkoke) - pound; ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: naⁿ-ku-ge (nañ-k͓ú-ge) - to drum on a board or the ground with the foot [JOD-Omaha]; noⁿ-ko-ge (noⁿ-kó-ge) - a thud, as of stamping the foot [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: ku-ge (kúge) - box, drum [Omaha]; ʰku-ge (ḳu-gé) - sound of a drum when beaten [FL-Osage]; ko-ge (kogé) - hollow sound, like a drum; make a hollow sound [Kaw]

 

on, drum on something with the palm

► bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm ► pi-ko-ke (ppíkkoke) - I, shpi-ko-ke (špíkkoke) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door; ga-ko-ke (gákkoke) - pound; ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum; naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: ku-ge (kúge) - box, drum [Omaha]; ʰku-ge (ḳu-gé) - sound of a drum when beaten [FL-Osage]; ko-ge (kogé) - hollow sound, like a drum; make a hollow sound [Kaw]

 

on, dry on one

► a-ki-ta-bi-ze (ákittabíze) - dry on one, as wet clothes

► cf. a-ki (áki) - on or upon oneself/one’s own; ta (tá) - by heat; bi-ze (bizé) - dry

► Dhegiha: na-bi-ze (ná-bi-ze) - said of the heat of the sun on a warm day, when it dries clothing, the ground, etc. [JOD-Omaha]; da-bi-ze (dá-bi-çe) - to dry by heat [FL-Osage]; ta-pu-ze (táapuze) - dry from heat, lit., “by heat dry” [CQ-Osage]; da-bu-ze (dábuze) - dry from exposure to heat or air, dry by fire or by the sun [Kaw]

 

on, fall on

► ka-sta (kastá) - strike, fall on

► cf. ma-ze we-ka-sta (mazé wékastá) - hammer; ma-ze-ska ka-sta wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ (mazéska kásta waną́ʔį) - silver breast ornament, from Harrison Quapaw [MH]

► Dhegiha: ga-sta (ga-çtá) - to beat or hammer metal [FL-Osage]; ka-shta (kaaštá) - hammer, hit or beat, flatten by striking [CQ-Osage]; ga-sta (gastá) - hammer flat, beat until flat and long, as when hammering metal or other malleable material [Kaw]

 

on, feather on the head

► wa-kde (wakdé) - feather on the head [MS]

► cf. a-kde (akdé) - put, set a standing (perpendicular--JOD) object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it, as in pitching a tent, placing a candle on a table, etc.; o-kde (okdé) - put lengthwise, to stand

► ex: wa-kde sa i-niⁿ-ha a-kde pa naⁿ (wákde sá inįhá ákde pa ną́) - they wore (a) black feather on the head too [JOD]

► ex: ma-shoⁿ a-a-kde (mášǫ áakde) - I stick a feather upright (in my hair)

► Dhegiha: wa-gthe (wa-gthe) - a plume, a symbolic plume made of a downy feather of an eagle [FL-Osage]; wa-gthe-ʰtoⁿ e-goⁿ (wa-gthe-ṭoⁿ e-goⁿ) - a plumelike shaft [FL-Osage]; ska-gthe wa-gthe (çká-gthe wa-gthe) - ornamental plume [FL-Osage]; moⁿ-shoⁿ wa-gthe (móⁿ-shoⁿ wa-gthe) - ornamental or symbolic plume worn on top of the head [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: a-gthe (ág¢e) - to stick an upright object or feather in something [JOD-Omaha]; a-gthe (á-gthe) - to place on top of another in an upright position; to place something perpendicular on another [FL-Osage]; a-le (ále), a-dle (áadle) - place an item upright on another item, set on (e.g., set a kettle on a fire) [CQ-Osage]; a-le (ále) - stand a perpendicular object, such as a candlestick, on a surface [Kaw]

 

on, fly up on one

► ki-ka-ze (kikáze) - to fly up on one [JOD

► ex: ki-ka-ze (kikáze) - it flew up on her [JOD]

► ex: wa-tʰe naⁿ ki-ka-ze kaⁿ-kʰe, i-ya-we (watʰé ną kikáze ką-kʰé, iyáwe) - dress-only(?)-it flew up on her-she lay so for awhile (or, doing nothing)-they say [JOD]

► ex: aⁿ-ka-ze (ą́kaze) - it flew up on me [JOD]

► ex: a-shi a-toⁿ-we taⁿ a-hi-pʰe, maⁿ-da hi a-zhaⁿ, wa-tʰe aⁿ-ka-ze hi kaⁿ hi a-zhaⁿ, e-shoⁿ t’e paⁿ-ze miⁿ-kʰe (áši atǫ́we tą ahipʰé, mąda hí ažą́, watʰé ąkaze hí ką́ hi ažą́, éšǫ́ tʔe ppą́ze mįkʰe) - when I looked back I fell down, I laid there on my back, my dress flew up on me, so I laid there pretending to be dead [JOD]

 

on, from that same time on

► e-ki-taⁿ-tʰoⁿ (ekkíttątʰǫ́) - from that same time on

 

on, from then on

► e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ettítʰą) - from then on

► e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ettítʰą) - thence, subsequently [JOD]

► cf. e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą) - and from then on

► ex: “wi-taⁿ-niⁿ hi wa-te-baⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe, e-ti-tʰaⁿ o-kda-x’a-x’a-we ka!” i-we-ke i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (“wíttąnį hí wattébą ttá mįkʰé, ettítʰą okdáxʔáxʔáwe ká!” iwéke iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - “I will give the attack cry first, immediately afterward you must give the scalp yell,” the rabbit said to them, they say [JOD]

► Dhegiha: e-di-taⁿ (edítaⁿ) - since then, thence, from that time, from that cause, from that [JOD-Omaha]; e-dsi-toⁿ (e-dsí-toⁿ) - thence, from that place [FL-Osage]; tsi txaⁿ (ci txą) - from [CQ-Osage]; e-ji-khaⁿ (ejíkhaⁿ) - there, from, thither, from that place [Kaw]

 

► e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą) - and from then on

► cf. e-shoⁿ-we (ešǫ́we) - then; e-shaⁿ (éšą), e-shoⁿ (ešǫ́) - then, at length; e-shaⁿ-taⁿ (ešą́ttą) - then, at that time; e-shaⁿ-hi (ešąhí) - at length, after some time [JOD]; e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ettítʰą) - from then on; e-toⁿ-ti-tʰaⁿ (éttǫttítʰą) - therefore, from then on; ho-wa-tʰe-ti-tʰaⁿ (hówatʰettítʰą) - from what sg/st/in or cl/in, far away

 

► e-toⁿ-ti-tʰaⁿ (éttǫttítʰą) - therefore, from then on

► cf. e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ettítʰą) - from then on; e-shoⁿ-we e-ti-tʰaⁿ (ešǫ́we ettítʰą) - and from then on; ho-wa-tʰe-ti-tʰaⁿ (hówatʰettítʰą) - from what sg/st/in or cl/in, far away

 

on, gaze on

► a-ka-xdi-we (ákaxdíwe) - stare at, gaze on ► a-a-ka-xdi-we (áakaxdíwe) - I, a-da-ka-xdi-we (ádakaxdíwe) - you, oⁿ-ka-ka-xdi-wa-we (ǫkákaxdiwawe) - we

► ex: a-da-ka-xdi-we da-na-zhiⁿ na-ha (ádakaxdíwe danážį nahá) - beware lest you stand gazing on it!

 

on, glue on

► a-da (áda) - glue on, glue feathers on an arrow ► a-a-bda (áabda) - I, a-da-ta (ádatta) - you

► cf. a-da-ska (ádaska) - stick, adhere, as pitch, mud or snow; i-da-da (idáda) - glue something to something; maⁿ i-da-da (mą idáda) - arrow feathers; we-da-ta-knaⁿ-de (wédattaknąde) - paste, glue

► Dhegiha: a-tha-ge (á-tha-ge) - to feather an arrow shaft [FL-Osage]; a-ya-ge (áyage) - glue feathers on a shaft [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-tha-ha (á¢aha) - adhering to [JOD-Omaha]; a-tha-ha (áthaha) - wear, cover, stick to, put on [Omaha/Ponca]; a-tha-ha (á-tha-ha) - to stick to one as does mud [FL-Osage]; a-ya-ha (áyaha) - stick to one, as mud; to wear, as clothing [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-tha-sta (á-tha-çta) - to stick together as two pieces of wood are stuck with glue [FL-Osage]; a-tha-sta (áðasta), a-sta (ásta) - stick to, adhere to [CQ-Osage]; a-ya-sta (áyasta) - adhere, (one object), be stuck on [Kaw]

 

on, hair on the sides or temples of the head

► ta-te hiⁿ (ttattéhį) - hair on the sides of the head; hair on the temples

► cf. ta-te (ttátte) - temple(s), side of the head; hiⁿ (hį) - hair of the body, down of bird, fur; ta-te kde-zhe (ttátte kdéže) - spotted temples [JOD]; ta-te-noⁿ-shi (ttattenǫ́ši) - cheek

 

on, have fine dust blown upon one

► a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - to have fine dust blown upon one

► cf. i-ka-sho-te (íkašótte) - blizzard; ma-sho-sho-te (mášošótte) - dust; ma-sho-te (mašótte) - fog; a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - fine dust, to have fine dust blown upon one; sho-te (šótte) - smoke; sho-te ta-zi (šótte ttázi) - soot, yellowed by smoke; ta-ni sho-te (ta-ni sho-te (taní šótte) - tobacco smoke [AB, OM]

► ex: aⁿ-ka-sho-te (ą́kašotte) - I have/had fine dust blown on me

► ex: aⁿ-ka-sho-te a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (ą́kašótte amą́bdį) - I walk while dust is blowing on me

► ex: a-di-ka-sho-te (ádikašótte) - you have/had fine dust blown on you

► ex: a-di-ka-sho-te da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (ádikašótte damą́tį) - you walk while dust is blowing on you

► ex: a-ka-sho-te maⁿ-niⁿ (ákašótte mąnį́) - to walk while fine dust or snow is blowing on him

► Dhegiha: ga-sho-dse (ga-shó-dse) - the filling of the air by dust blown by strong wind [FL-Osage]

 

on, insist on

► a-ki-hi-te (ákkihítte) - pay attention, attend, give heed, to insist on ► a-ki-hi-te (áakkihítte) - I, a-da-ki-hi-te (ádakkihítte) - you, oⁿ-ka-ki-hi-ta-we (ǫkákkihíttawe) - we

► cf. di-hi-te (dihítte) - meddle with things

► ex: a-ki-hi-te kniⁿ di-ni-ke (ákkihitte knį́ diníke) - you have no one to attend to you regularly

 

on, knock splinter(s) off causing them to fall on someone

► a-ka-ta de-de (ákatta déde) - knock splinter(s) off causing them to fall on someone

► cf. a-ka-ta (ákatta) - splash; make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go

► Dhegiha: a-ga-ta-ye (ágataye), a-ga-ta-ya (ágataya) - knock to pieces, smash, make fly in pieces, as a ball of snow or clod of earth, by throwing it at someone; shatter glass, as a bottle, by throwing at it or hitting it [Kaw]

 

on, later on

► a-shi-oⁿ-he-taⁿ (ášiǫhéttą) - later, afterward

► cf. a-shi-aⁿ-he (ášiąhé) - afterward [JOD]; a-shi-aⁿ-he (ášią́he) - behind or after one [JOD]; a-shi-oⁿ-he (ášiǫhe) - last of a party or series; a-shi-oⁿ-he o-ki-si-kde (ášiǫhé ókisikdé) - walk in the trail of another (made long ago)

► ex: di-taⁿ-niⁿ e-ti da a-shi-oⁿ-he-taⁿ she-ta pi te (díttąnį étti dá ášiǫhéttą šétta ppi tte) - you go there first, and I will join you later on

► ex: a-shi-oⁿ-he-taⁿ she-taⁿ oⁿ-ka-hi taⁿ-ka-tʰaⁿ (ášiǫhéttą šétta ǫkáhi ttąkatʰą́ [tta ǫkatʰą́]) - later on, we will reach there (where you are)

 

on, lay a long/inanimate object on something

► aⁿ-he (ą́he) - lay a long/inanimate object on something ► aⁿ-he (ąhé) - I, a-daⁿ-he (ádąhe) - you

► cf. oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - lay singular/lying/inanimate inside something, put; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile, here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile; wa-sa zhoⁿ aⁿ-he (wasá žǫ́ ąhé) - month in the Quapaw lunar calendar, early Winter or late Autumn, precedes sni-wa-te o-skaⁿ-ska (sniwáte oską́ska); i-he (íhe) - horizontal, in a lying position

► ex: ta-ti-aⁿ-he (ttáttią́he), ta-ti-oⁿ-he (ttáttiǫ́he) - wind, ta-te (ttátte) + aⁿ-he (ą́he)

► ex: siⁿ-ti-oⁿ-he (sįttiǫ́he) - crupper, saddle strap, a piece of tack used on horses to keep a saddle, harness or other equipment from sliding forward

 

on, lean on

► a-bi-ta (ábitta) - lean on ► a-pi-ta (áppitta) - I, a-shpi-ta (ášpitta) - you, oⁿ-ka-bi-ta-we (ǫkábittawe) - we

► ex: a-wi-pa-ta (áwippatta) - I lean on you

► ex: aⁿ-shpi-ta na-ha (ą́špitta nahá) - beware lest you lean on me!

► Dhegiha: a-bi-ta (á-bi-tă) - to touch, as a table, by leanng on it; to touch, as with the hand when one falls [JOD-Omaha]; a-bi-ta (abita) - touch [Omaha]; a-bi-ʰta (á-bi-ṭa) - to touch with the flat (palm) of the hand [FL-Osage]; a-bu-ta (ábuta) - hold, hold down, as to put the hands down gently on and around an object pressing it in order to hold it [Kaw]

 

on, lean on someone and cause him/her to fall

► a-kʰaⁿ hi-zhoⁿ (ákʰą hížǫ) - lean on someone and cause him/her to fall ► a-a-kʰaⁿ hi-a-zhoⁿ (áakʰą híažǫ) - I, a-da-kʰaⁿ hi-da-zhoⁿ (ádakʰą hídažǫ) - you, oⁿ-ka-kʰaⁿ hi-oⁿ-zhoⁿ (ǫ́kakʰą híǫžǫ) - we, I and one other, oⁿ-ka-kʰaⁿ hi-oⁿ-zhoⁿ-we (ǫ́kakʰą híǫžǫwé) - we

► cf. a-kʰaⁿ i-tʰe-de (ákʰą itʰéde) - set up a movable object so that it leans against something; a-di-kʰaⁿ i-tʰe-de (ádikʰą itʰéde) - pull over a sg/st/in object, make an upright object lean by pulling it; a-kʰaⁿ i-he-de (ákʰą ihéde) - turn and tip up as a board; zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline

► Dhegiha: a-kaⁿ (á-kaⁿ) - leaing against [JOD-Omaha]; a-ʰkoⁿ (á-ḳoⁿ) - to lean on, to lean on a post, tree, or rock [FL-Osage]; a-kxaⁿ (áakxą) - lie down, as to sleep or rest, lie against, lean up against [CQ-Osage]; akhaⁿ (ákhaⁿ) - lean on something [Kaw]; a-gaⁿ (ágaⁿ) - against [Kaw]; a-gaⁿ zhiⁿ-he (ágaⁿ zhíⁿhe) - to lie against an object [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ga-za-da hi-zhoⁿ (ga-çá-da hi-zhoⁿ) - to lie prostrate, as to spread out flat from a fall [FL-Osage]

 

on, lie on something

► a-bi-saⁿ-te (ábisątte) - catch by pressing on; hold down, e.g., on his back; lie on something ► a-pi-saⁿ-te (áppisątte) - I, a-shpi-saⁿ-te (ášpisątte) - you, oⁿ-ka-pi-saⁿ-ta-we (ǫkápisąttawe) - we

► cf. a-bi-saⁿ-te zhaⁿ (ábisątte žą́) - roll over on something; throw oneself down on; a-bi-saⁿ-te-zhi (ábisąttéži) - press down on, weight, hold down; o-bi-saⁿ-te (obísątte) - pull something between two objects

► ex: ka-ki-kda-ti-zhe aⁿ-bi-saⁿ-te (kakkíkdattiže ą́bisątté) - he tumbled over and lay on me

► ex: maⁿ-da a-bi-saⁿ-te naⁿ i-ya (mą́da ábisątte ną, iyá) - he held him down on his back, it is said

► ex: wa-bi-saⁿ-ta-we (wábisąttawe) - he or they lay on us

► ex: wa-tʰe a-bi-saⁿ-te koi-tʰe di-ha-knaⁿ da (watʰé ábisątte kóitʰe dihákną dá) - go iron your dress! [AG]

► Dhegiha: a-bi-soⁿ-dse (á-bi-çoⁿ-dse) - to press to the ground [FL-Osage]; a-pi-saⁿ (ápisą) - mash, push down on, shut, close, hold down [CQ-Osage]; a-bu-saⁿ-je (ábusaⁿje) - press down on with the hands, as in catching a bird or rabbit; to press or bear hard on, as with a chair leg; to run and jump on something, wrestle [Kaw]; a-ki-bu-saⁿ-je (ákíbusaⁿje) - to wrestle each other [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-soⁿ-de (ábasoⁿde) - push, to push together with the hand against something which is on something else, as a pen on paper [Omaha/Ponca]; i-bi-soⁿ-de (íbisóⁿde) - narrow, a narrow place, as a ledge at the base of a cliff above a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-soⁿ-de (baçoⁿde) - crease, press together [Omaha]; u-bi-soⁿ-de (ubiçoⁿde) - compact, crowded [Omaha]; moⁿ-ze a-noⁿ-soⁿ-de (moⁿçe anoⁿçoⁿde) - brassiere [Omaha]; soⁿ-soⁿ-de (çoⁿçoⁿde) - close together [Omaha]; a-ba-soⁿ-dse (á-ba-çoⁿ-dse) - to push one against a tree or a door, to lace up a shoe [FL-Osage]; a-thi-soⁿ-dse (á-thi-çoⁿ-dse) - to hold firmly between the hands or fingers, to squeeze; to clasp one’s legs around a horse when riding bareback, [FL-Osage]; i-noⁿ-soⁿ-dse (í-noⁿ-çoⁿ-dse) - to take shelter behind someth, as protection [FL-Osage]; a-ba-saⁿ-je (ábasaⁿje) - push against something, as a door to keep it closed; have sex with [Kaw]; a-ga-saⁿ-je (ágasaⁿje) - to make tight by nailing on, as tarred paper on the inside of a house; nail down tight [Kaw]; a-naⁿ-saⁿ-je (ánaⁿsáⁿje) - stamp on something (to anchor it), to bring down the feet suddenly on a paper, etc., to keep it from being blown away [Kaw]; a-ya-saⁿ-je (áyasaⁿje) - hold firmly with the teeth [Kaw]; a-yu-saⁿ-je (áyusaⁿje) - clamp something, hold firmly [Kaw]; iⁿ-yaⁿ-o-bu-saⁿ-je (iⁿyáⁿobusáⁿje) - gorge, narrow defile with stream [Kaw]

 

on, make a grating sound by gnawing on

► a-da-x’i (ádaxʔi) - make a grating sound by gnawing on, as a rat gnawing on wood or metal

► cf. a-pa-x’i (ápaxʔi) - cut meat from the bone; ka-x’i (kaxʔí) - scrape, as hair from a hide

► ex: shoⁿ-ke ta wa-hi a-da-x’i (šǫ́ke ttawáhi ádaxʔí) - the dog gnawed the deer bone

 

on, make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water

► a-ka-ta (ákatta) - splash; make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water

► cf. a-ka-ta de-de (ákatta déde) - knock splinter(s) off causing them to fall on someone; a-ka-kaⁿ (ákakką) - powder, sprinkle on; a-ka-sti (ákasti) - sprinkle once on; a-ka-ch’e-ch’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop; a-ka-xtaⁿ (ákaxtą) - pour water on, baptize; a-ka-xtaⁿ-xtaⁿ (ákaxtąxtą) - sprinkle repeatedly

 

on, necklace made of beadwork that is sewed on

► wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ a-ba-tʰe (waną́ʔį abátʰe) - necklace made of beadwork that is sewed on

► cf. wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ (waną́ʔį) - beads, necklace, necktie, neckerchief, something worn around the neck; a (a) - on, upon; ba-tʰe (batʰé) - sew

► Dhegiha: wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanóⁿp’iⁿ) - necklace, man’s necklace; something worn around a man’s neck [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanoⁿp’iⁿ) - choker, necklace, necktie [Omaha]; wa-noⁿ-ʰp’iⁿ (wa-noⁿ-p̣’iⁿ) - necklace, these were made of shells, nuts of trees, elk teeth, pendants were made of mussel shells also, this is also applied to the symbolic neck ornament, gorget [FL-Osage]; wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanǫ́pʔį) - necklace, gorget, choker, medallion, medal, something worn around the neck [CQ-Osage]; wa-naⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanáⁿp’iⁿ) - necklace, a general word used for all ornaments [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ba-tʰe (ba-tʰé) - sew, to sew [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-tse (ba-tsé) - to sew [FL-Osage]; pa-tsʰe (paacʰé) - sew [CQ-Osage]; ba-che (baché) - sew [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-tʰe (ábatʰe) - to sew on [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-che (ábache) - sew something on [Kaw]

 

on, off and on

► a-ta-pa-xti (áttapaxtí) - off and on, at regular intervals [JOD]

► ex: aⁿ-zhiⁿ-ka-ti ni koi-kʰe e-koⁿ i-da-hi-bda a-ta-pa-xti (ąžįkátti ní kóikʰe ekǫ́ idáhibdá áttapaxtí) - when I was small, I bathed in the water at regular intervals [JOD]

 

► i-da-da (idáda) - showing at intervals [JOD]

► ex: o-xda-ti siⁿ-te saⁿ-haⁿ i-da-da i-de (oxdátti sį́tte są́hą idáda idé) - he (rabbit) departed, his whitish tail being seen/showing off and on in the brush [JOD]

 

on, pick on

► i-si-aⁿ (ísią́) - irritate, pick on ► i-da-si-aⁿ (idásią́) - I, i-da-si-aⁿ (ídasią́) - you

► Dhegiha: i-si (íçi) - to dislike, to hate, to abhor, repugnance [FL-Osage]; i-si (íisi) - hate, dislike, detest, abhor, despise [CQ-Osage]; i-si (ísi) - hate, dislike [Kaw]

 

► i-si-wa-de (ísiwáde) - irritate, pick on someone ► i-da-si-wa-de (idásiwáde) - I, i-da-si-wa-de (ídasiwáde) - you

► Dhegiha: i-si-wa-the (í-çi-wa-the) - contemptible, despicable, base, vile, infamous [FL-Osage]; i-si-e wa-the (í-çi-e wa-the) - a knave; a tricky, deceitful person [FL-Osage]; i-si-wa-the (íisiwaðe) - be mean, hateful, disliked, destestible, contemptible, despicable, base, vile, infamous, spiteful, lit., “cause folks to hate him/her” [CQ-Osage]; i-si-wa-ye (ísiwàye) - hateful, abominable, no good [Kaw]

 

► i-si-si-ke (ísisíke) - mistreat, abuse someone

► ex: i-di-si-si-ke (idísisíke) - they abuse you [JOD]

► ex: e-ti te na-ha i-di-si-si-ke hi ta-i e-de (étti tté nahá idísisike hi ttai edé) - do not go there, they will sure enough abuse you [JOD]

 

on, press down on

► a-bi-saⁿ-te-zhi (ábisąttéži) - press down on, weight, hold down ► a-bi-saⁿ-te a-zhi (ábisątte aži) - I, a-bi-saⁿ-te da-zhi (ábisątte daži) - you, a-bi-saⁿ-te oⁿ-zhi-we (ábisątte ǫžíwe) - we

► cf. a-bi-saⁿ-te (ábisątte) - catch by pressing on; hold down, e.g., on his back; lie on something; a-zhi (áži) - put small scattered, inanimate objects onto something; a-bi-saⁿ-te zhaⁿ (ábisątte žą́) - roll over on something; throw oneself down on; o-bi-saⁿ-te (obísątte) - pull something between two objects

► Dhegiha: a-bi-soⁿ-dse (á-bi-çoⁿ-dse) - to press to the ground [FL-Osage]; a-pi-saⁿ (ápisą) - mash, push down on, shut, close, hold down [CQ-Osage]; a-bu-saⁿ-je (ábusaⁿje) - press down on with the hands, as in catching a bird or rabbit; to press or bear hard on, as with a chair leg; to run and jump on something, wrestle [Kaw]; a-ki-bu-saⁿ-je (ákíbusaⁿje) - to wrestle each other [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-ba-soⁿ-de (ábasoⁿde) - push, to push together with the hand against something which is on something else, as a pen on paper [Omaha/Ponca]; i-bi-soⁿ-de (íbisóⁿde) - narrow, a narrow place, as a ledge at the base of a cliff above a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-soⁿ-de (baçoⁿde) - crease, press together [Omaha]; u-bi-soⁿ-de (ubiçoⁿde) - compact, crowded [Omaha]; moⁿ-ze a-noⁿ-soⁿ-de (moⁿçe anoⁿçoⁿde) - brassiere [Omaha]; soⁿ-soⁿ-de (çoⁿçoⁿde) - close together [Omaha]; a-ba-soⁿ-dse (á-ba-çoⁿ-dse) - to push one against a tree or a door, to lace up a shoe [FL-Osage]; a-thi-soⁿ-dse (á-thi-çoⁿ-dse) - to hold firmly between the hands or fingers, to squeeze; to clasp one’s legs around a horse when riding bareback, [FL-Osage]; i-noⁿ-soⁿ-dse (í-noⁿ-çoⁿ-dse) - to take shelter behind someth, as protection [FL-Osage]; a-ba-saⁿ-je (ábasaⁿje) - push against something, as a door to keep it closed; have sex with [Kaw]; a-ga-saⁿ-je (ágasaⁿje) - to make tight by nailing on, as tarred paper on the inside of a house; nail down tight [Kaw]; a-naⁿ-saⁿ-je (ánaⁿsáⁿje) - stamp on something (to anchor it), to bring down the feet suddenly on a paper, etc., to keep it from being blown away [Kaw]; a-ya-saⁿ-je (áyasaⁿje) - hold firmly with the teeth [Kaw]; a-yu-saⁿ-je (áyusaⁿje) - clamp something, hold firmly [Kaw]; iⁿ-yaⁿ-o-bu-saⁿ-je (iⁿyáⁿobusáⁿje) - gorge, narrow defile with stream [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: a-zhi (á-ji) - to spread a number of small objects on [JOD-Omaha]; a-zhu (á-zhu) - to put a number of articles on a rack [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (ážu) - put out, set out multiple items, place, array, display multiple items on top of something else; pour something on or over another surface; put a portable substance on something else [CQ-Osage]; a-zhu (ázhu) - put many objects on a surface of any thing [Kaw]

 

on, pull lightly on something

► ki-zho-wa-zhi (kkižówaži) - pull lightly on something ► a-ki-zho-wa-zhi (akkížowaži) - I, da-ki-zho-wa-zhi (dakkížowaži) - you

► cf. a-zho-wa hi (ažowá hi) - as fast as possible [JOD]; a-zho-wa xti (ážowá xti) - with a great effort, with all one’s might [JOD]; ki-zho-wa (kižówa) - quick, handy; zhi (ži) - not, negative, negation

 

on, pull on a rope

► di-kaⁿ-tiⁿ (dikką́ttį) - pull on a rope ► bdi-kaⁿ-tiⁿ (bdíkkąttį) - I, ti-kaⁿ-tiⁿ-tiⁿ (ttíkkąttį) - you

 

► di-kaⁿ-tiⁿ-tiⁿ (dikką́ttįttį́) - pull hard on a rope ► bdi-kaⁿ-tiⁿ-tiⁿ (bdíkkąttįttį) - I, ti-kaⁿ-tiⁿ-tiⁿ (ttíkkąttįttį) - you

► cf. di (di) - by hand, pulling; koⁿ (kkǫ), kaⁿ (kką) - root of a plant, sinew, string, line

 

 

on, put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface

► a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe) - put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface ► a-a-k’oⁿ-he (áakʔǫhé) - I, a-da-k’oⁿ-he (ádakʔǫhé) - you, oⁿ-ka-k’oⁿ-ha-we (ǫkákʔǫhawé) - we

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to lay out; o-k’oⁿ-he (okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something; a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal (lying) things in a pile, here the first verb denotes the horizontality of the objects and the second the perpendicularity of the pile

► Dhegiha: a-k’oⁿ-he (ák’oⁿhe), a-k’o-he (ák’ohe) - lay something on top of something else [Kaw]; a-ku-k’o-he (ákuk’ohe) - lay one’s own object on a surface for one’s own benefit [Kaw]; a-gu-k’o-he (águk’ohe) - lay one’s own horizontal object on a surface; lay something on surface for someone [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: zhe-’oⁿ-he (zhé’oⁿhe) - roast, to place a long object, such as an ear of corn, in front of the fire to roast [Omaha/Ponca]; k’oⁿ-he (kʔǫ́he) - lay into [CQ-Osage]; k’o-he (k’óhe) - lay down an inanimate object [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: u-ʰkoⁿ-he (ú-ḳ’óⁿ-he) - to place in a scabbard, to sheathe [FL-Osage]; o-k’oⁿ-he (ok’óⁿhe), o-k’o-he (ok’óhe) - put a lying inanimate object into something, as when putting a fork or spoon into a drawer [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: o-ʰki-k’oⁿ-he (oʰkíkʔǫhe) - interrupt, lit., “insert oneself into” [CQ-Osage]

 

on, put a patch on a moccasin

► a-ba-sta (ábasta) - patch, put a patch on a moccasin, etc. ► a-pa-sta (áppasta) - I, a-shpa-sta (ášpasta) - you, oⁿ-ka-pa-sta-we (ǫkápastawe) - we

► cf. we-da-ba-sta (wédabasta) - a patch

► Dhegiha: a-ba-sta (ábasta) - a patch, patch, to patch, to put a patch on [Omaha/Ponca]; hoⁿ-be a-ba-sta (hoⁿ-be a-ba-çta) - to patch moccasins [FL-Osage]; a-ba-sta (ábasta) - patch a moccasin; put on a patch [Kaw]

 

on, put on

► a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular, sitting, inanimate (curvilinear) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc. object upon a surface ► a-a-knaⁿ (áakną) - I, a-da-knaⁿ (ádakną) - you, oⁿ-ka-kdaⁿ-we (ǫkákdąwe) - we

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; o-knaⁿ (okną́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps

► ex: ta-siⁿ-te a-knaⁿ (ttasį́tte ákną) - roach (headress), “deer tail put upon” [MS]

► ex: naⁿ-ka a-knaⁿ (ną́kka akną́) - saddle, “put upon the back” [MS]

► Dhegiha: a-gthoⁿ (ágthoⁿ) - to place one thing upon another [FL-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álą) - place vertically against, place on, put on [CQ-Osage]; a-laⁿ (álaⁿ) - put curved or rounded/sitting, or cloth, or paper on [Kaw]

 

on, put on

► o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - to push into

► ex: o-ba-haⁿ (obáhą) - he pushed into it [JOD]

► ex: haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-di-shto-te o-ba-haⁿ a-taⁿ ma-xi-wa-de tʰaⁿ i-ya-we, haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke i-niⁿ-aⁿ-we ke i-ya-we, ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-tʰaⁿ i-ya-we (hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe odíštotte obáhą attą́ maγíwadé tʰą́ iyáwe, hą́ka ežį́ke etʰą́ inįą́we ké iyáwé, maštį́ke etʰą́ iyáwe) - he skinned Haⁿ-ka’s son, put on his skin and tricked them, they thought that rabbit was Haⁿ-ka’s son, they say [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ha kʰe ma-shtiⁿ-ke o-ba-haⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą há kʰe maštį́ke obáhą) - then the rabbit put the skin on [JOD]

► ex: ki-di-za-we e-shoⁿ haⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke ha kʰe o-ba-haⁿ tʰaⁿ o-naⁿ-shto-te naⁿ da taⁿ ni-a-ta ko-e-kde i-ya-we (kídikizáwe ešǫ́ hą́ka ežį́ke há kʰe obáhą tʰą oną́štotte ną dá tą niátta koékde iyáwe) - after they made a way for him, he started to run back towards the water, he kicked off Haⁿ-ka’s son’s skin in which he had been wearing, they say [JOD]

► Dhegiha: u-ba-haⁿ (u-bá-haⁿ) - to push his way in (at the entrance) [JOD-Omaha]; o-ba-hoⁿ moⁿ-iⁿ (o-bá-hoⁿ-moⁿ-iⁿ) - Walking Within, personal name [FL-Osage]; o-pa-haⁿ (opáahą) - raise up, hold up, put on, don as clothing [CQ-Osage]; o-ba-haⁿ (obáhaⁿ) - wear [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ba-hoⁿ (bahóⁿ) - push up, to push up [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-hoⁿ (ba-hóⁿ) - to raise an object by pushing, to lift up, pushes up [FL-Osage]; pa-haⁿ (paahą́) - raise, hold up [CQ-Osage]; ba-haⁿ (baháⁿ) - push up, raise by burrowing [Kaw]

 

on, put on a belt

► i-pi-da (íppida) - put on a belt ► i-da-pi-bda (idáppibdá) - I, i-da-pi-ta (ídappítta) - you

► Dhegiha: i-pi-tha-he (ípitháhe) - waistband [Omaha/Ponca]; i-pi-tha-ge (ipithage) - belt, sash [Omaha]; i-pi-tha (í-p̣i-tha) - belt, sash, girdle [FL-Osage]; i-ʰpi-aⁿ (íʰpią) - belt worn by men with dance clothes or outside a blanket to hold it up, any belt [CQ-Osage]; i-pi-ya (ípiya) - belt, girdle [Kaw]

 

► i-pi-da-taⁿ (íppidáttą) - belt

► i-pi-da-taⁿ (íppidáttą) - belt [MS]

► i-pi-da-taⁿ  (ǐ pi da tâⁿ) - sash, belt, from Harrison Quapaw, John Quapaw [MH]

► ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ e-ti a-ka-shke (íppidáttą étti ákaške) - he tied it on/to his belt [JOD]

► ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ-ti (íppidáttąttí) - to his belt [JOD]

► ex: i-pi-da-taⁿ-ti a-ki-ka-shka-i taⁿ o-zha tʰe tʰi-de (íppidáttąttí ákikaškái tą óža tʰe tʰidé) - he fastened it (his own) to his belt and began dancing [JOD]

► Dhegiha: i-pi-tha-he (ípitháhe) - waistband [Omaha/Ponca]; i-pi-tha-ge (ipithage) - belt, sash [Omaha]; i-pi-tha (í-p̣i-tha) - belt, sash, girdle [FL-Osage]; i-ʰpi-aⁿ (íʰpią) - belt worn by men with dance clothes or outside a blanket to hold it up, any belt [CQ-Osage]; i-pi-ya (ípiya) - belt, girdle [Kaw]

 

on, put on clothing

► i-niⁿ (inį́) - put on clothing ► i-bniⁿ (ibnį́) - I, i-tiⁿ (ittį́) - you

► cf. a-shi-niⁿ (ášinį) - coat, “to wear or put on top of, wear over”; we-da-niⁿ (wédanį) - dressed, clothing [JOD]

► ex: i-niⁿ (ínį) - wore it [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka wi e-aⁿ-naⁿ-ska ke e-hoⁿ we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ pa naⁿ, wa-x’o zhi-ka ke wa-hiⁿ zhi-te i-niⁿ aⁿ-taⁿ o-zha pa naⁿ (waxʔó žiká wi eą́nąska ke ehǫ́ wénįtʰą ppá ną, waxʔó žiká ke wahį́ žítte ínį ą́ttą óža ppá ną) - the old women of my size, they also wore clothing, the old women wore red broad cloth when they danced [JOD]

► ex: i-niⁿ pa (inį́ ppa) - they wore [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o naⁿ-haⁿ ke wa-tʰe shte-ka i-niⁿ pa naⁿ (waxʔó nąhą́ ke watʰé šteká inį́ ppa ną́) - grown women wore short dresses [JOD]

 

► i-ni-naⁿ-haⁿ (inínąhą́) - wear, put on clothing ► i-da-bni-naⁿ-haⁿ (idábninąhą́) - I, i-da-bni-naⁿ-haⁿ (ídaninąhą́) - you

 

► we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wénįtʰą) - put on, wear clothing ► we-bniⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wébnįtʰą) - I, we-tiⁿ-tʰaⁿ (wéttįtʰą) - you

► ex: (wénįtʰą ppá) - wore clothing-3d.pl.(classifier) [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka wi e-aⁿ-naⁿ-ska ke e-hoⁿ we-niⁿ-tʰaⁿ pa naⁿ, wa-x’o zhi-ka ke wa-hiⁿ zhi-te i-niⁿ aⁿ-taⁿ o-zha pa naⁿ (waxʔó žiká wi eą́nąska ke ehǫ́ wénįtʰą ppá ną, waxʔó žiká ke wahį́ žítte ínį ą́ttą óža ppá ną) - the old women of my size, they also wore clothing, the old women wore red broad cloth when they danced [JOD]

 

► i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikdánį) - to put on one’s own [JOD]

► ex: i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikdánį) - she had put on her own [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-taⁿ-niⁿ kda-i ke-ni-te ka-ki niⁿ e-taⁿniⁿ kʰi a-taⁿ we-da-niⁿ shi-ke he-naⁿ i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ kaⁿ-tʰaⁿ taⁿ kʰi-we (kóišǫ́ttą ettą́niⁿ kdá-i kenitté kaki nį ettą́niⁿ kʰí áttą wédanį šíke héną idákikdánį áttą ką-tʰą́ tą kʰíwe) - they (her step-sisters) started home first, although she arrived home first, before them (her step-sisters), and she put on her bad clothes and was there awhile when they (her step-sisters) reached home' (JOD)]

► ex: i-da-ki-ki-kda-niⁿ (idákikikdánį) - you put on your own clothing [JOD]

► ex: ta-taⁿ i-da-ki-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ da ni-he (táttą idákikikdánį áttą dá-nihé) - you put on something of your own (clothing) and go [JOD]

 

on, put on shoes or leggings

► o-tʰaⁿ (otʰą́), o-tʰoⁿ (otʰǫ́) - put on shoes or leggings, wear ► o-a-tʰaⁿ (oátʰą) - I, o-da-tʰaⁿ (odátʰą) - you

► cf. o-ki-tʰoⁿ (okítʰǫ) - put on, as leggings or moccasins

► Dhegiha: u-taⁿ (u-taⁿ́) - to put on leggings; to put on moccasins [JOD-Omaha]; (hiⁿbútoⁿ) - to put on or wear moccasins [Omaha/Ponca]; se-hiⁿ-be u-tʰoⁿ (séhiⁿbe utʰóⁿ) - put on, snowshoe; to put on snow shoes [Omaha/Ponca]; hoⁿ-be u-toⁿ (hoⁿ-bé u-toⁿ) - to put on moccasins or shoes [FL-Osage]; o-txaⁿ (otxą́), o-kxaⁿ (okxą́) - put on (e.g., pants, shoes) [CQ-Osage]

 

► o-ki-tʰoⁿ (okítʰǫ) - put on, as leggings or moccasins ► o-a-ki-tʰoⁿ (oákitʰǫ) - I, o-da-ki-tʰoⁿ (odákitʰǫ) - you

► cf. o-tʰaⁿ (otʰą́), o-tʰoⁿ (otʰǫ́) - put on shoes or leggings, wear

► Dhegiha: u-gi-taⁿ (u-gí-taⁿ) - to put on his own leggings or pants [JOD-Omaha]; hiⁿ-bu-gi-tʰaⁿ (hiⁿ-bú-gi-t͓ăⁿ) - to put on or wear his own moccasins [JOD-Omaha]; o-ki-txaⁿ (okítxą), o-ki-kxaⁿ (okíkxą) - put on one’s own pants or shoes [CQ-Osage]

 

on, put or set a standing/upright object on or within something

► a-kde (akdé) - put or set a standing (perpendicular--JOD) object upright upon a surface or within something which supports it, as in pitching a tent, placing a candle on a table, etc. ► a-a-kde (áakdé) - I, a-da-kde (ádakdé) - you, oⁿ-ka-kda-we (ǫkákdawe) - we

► cf. o-kde (okdé) - put lengthwise, to stand

► ex: ma-shoⁿ a-a-kde (mášǫ áakde) - I stick a feather upright (in my hair)

► ex: a-shi a-kde (aši akde) - to set an object on top of something else

► ex: wa-kde (wakdé) - feather on the head [MS]

► ex: wa-kde sa i-niⁿ-ha a-kde pa naⁿ (wákde sá inįhá ákde pa ną́) - they wore (a) black feather on the head too [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-gthe (ág¢e) - to stick an upright object or feather in something [JOD-Omaha]; a-gthe (á-gthe) - to place on top of another in an upright position; to place something perpendicular on another [FL-Osage]; a-le (ále), a-dle (áadle) - place an item upright on another item, set on (e.g., set a kettle on a fire) [CQ-Osage]; a-le (ále) - stand a perpendicular object, such as a candlestick, on a surface [Kaw]

 

on, put them on

► e-ti-zhi (ettíži) - put them on [JOD]

► cf. e-ti (ettí) - there; sto-de-zhi (stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap; sto-de-wa-zhi (stodéwaži) - place plural/animate objects in one place; a-zhi (áži) - put small scattered, inanimate objects onto something; put small objects onto something that serves as a platform; mi-zhi (míži) - put under belt, tuck in; o-zhi (oží) - put collection into something, plant, fill; o-zhi (oží) - filled [JOD]; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill one’s own; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box; pi-ki-zhi (ppíkiži) - to put away one’s own [JOD]; zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; xoⁿ-te zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (xǫtté žąppiži) - cedar chest [MS]

► ex: e-ti maⁿ-ze-ska a-kaⁿ-ta i-niⁿ-ha wa-di-ski-ta maⁿ-ze shto-zha o-ki-ba-taⁿ e-ti-zhi pa naⁿ (ettí mązéska ákątta inįhá wádiskittá mązé štóža okkíbattą ettíži ppa ną) - sliver armlets and silver crescent bracelets, they put them on in rows, one after another [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-zhi (áji) - to spread a number of small objects on [JOD-Omaha]; a-zhi (a-zhi) - scattered upon, scattered about [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (á-zhu) - to put a number of articles on a rack [FL-Osage]; a-zhu (ážu) - put out, set out (multiple items); place, array, display (multiple items) on top of something else [CQ-Osage]; a-zhu (ázhu) - put many objects on a surface of any thing [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: u-zhi (uzhí) - to fill with water, grain, or any bulky substance, to fill with any quantity of small objects, to plant or sow grain, seed, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (úzhi) - a pocket [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (uzhi) - luggage, packet, suitcase, load, gardener, container, contain [Omaha]; u-zhi (úzhi) - cabinet, bin, baggage [Omaha]; u-zhi (ú-zhi) - to plant [FL-Osage]; u-zhi (u-zhi), o-zhi (ó-zhi) - a hollow receptacle [FL-Osage]; u-zhu (ú-zhu) - a pocket, a receptacle [FL-Osage]; o-zhu (óožu) - put stuff in, plant stuff, pocket, bottle, container, vessel [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (oožú) - pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beans, pour for someone, put in, plant or sow, put in, receptacle, container, bottle, cup, bowl, jar, shaker, holder, for pourable dry or liquid substances [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (ózhu) - bottle [Kaw]; o-zhu (ozhú) - put or pour something into something, put many small objects in something, fill, plant [Kaw]

 

on, set one’s own on a surface

► a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface ► a-a-ki-knaⁿ (áakikną) - I, a-da-ki-knaⁿ (ádakikną) - you, oⁿ-ka-ki-kna-we (ǫ́kakiknáwe) - we

► cf. a (á) - on or upon; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set or put one’s own; a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put upon a surface; knaⁿ (kną), kdaⁿ (kdą) - set or put; a-ki-knaⁿ i-naⁿ-de (ákkikną iną́de) - put two sitting (curvilinear) objects so their edges touch; o-ki-knaⁿ (okíkną) - put sg/si/in into or beneath, as putting in the belt, etc; o-knaⁿ (okną́), o-kdaⁿ (okdą́) - put into; pi knaⁿ (ppi kną́) - put away; stode knaⁿ-knaⁿ (stodé knąkną) - place plural objects in scattered heaps

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ te (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tte) - I will put my hat on the table

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-a-ki-knaⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši áakikną tta mįkʰé) - I will put my hat on the table

► ex: pa-hi o-knaⁿ a-wa-naⁿ-bde a-shi a-ki-knaⁿ tʰaⁿ (ppáhi-ókną áwanąbde áši ákikną tʰą) - he is putting his hat on the table

► Dhegiha: a-gi-gthaⁿ (á-gi-g¢aⁿ) - to place his own cv. ob., book, paper, piece of calico, etc., on something else; to apply his medicine externally, as a plaster or poultice [JOD-Omaha]; a-gu-laⁿ (águlaⁿ) - set one’s object upon; set one’s cloth, paper, book, etc., on a surface; set a squat object on a surface for someone [Kaw]

 

on, sit on

► a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on; and numerals in the teens

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be sitting, be in a place, camp; a-kniⁿ (áknį) - chair, seat; a-kʰi-kniⁿ (akʰíknį) - return home there and stay; ki-kniⁿ (kíknį) - sit with reference to another; o-kniⁿ (oknį́) - sit in, dwell in, live in; o-hi-kniⁿ (ohíknį) - to get into and sit [JOD]; o-ki-kniⁿ (okkíknį) - sit together, with one another

► ex: shoⁿ-ke a-kniⁿ (šǫ́keáknį) - horse, “sit upon dog”

► ex: shoⁿ-ke a-kniⁿ (šǫ́keáknį) - horse [MS, AB, AG, OM]

► ex: a-ki-kniⁿ (akíkniⁿ) - to sit on one’s own [JOD]

► ex: a-ki-kniⁿ-xti (ákkiknį́xti) - in a great crowd, crowding together upon one another, sitting upon one another

► ex: kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (kdébnąttą́ mį́xti áknį) - eleven, “10 when 1 sitting on”, same as mįxti aknį, the contracted and more common form

► ex: miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (mį́xti áknį) - eleven

► ex: kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ (kdébnąttą́ nąpá aknį́) - twelve (long form)

► ex: kde-bnaⁿ noⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ (gĕdēhbŏnāh nonnepah-agheni) - 12 [GI]

► ex: naⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ (nąpá aknį) - twelve

► ex: da-bni a-kniⁿ (dábni áknį) - thirteen, 3 sitting on 10

► ex: to-wa a-kniⁿ (tówa áknį) - fourteen

► ex: kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ sa-taⁿ a-kniⁿ (kdébnąttą́ sattą́ aknį́) - fifteen

► ex: sa-taⁿ a-kniⁿ (sáttą áknį) - fifteen

► ex: sha-pe a-kniⁿ (šappé áknį) - sixteen, 6 sitting on (10)

► ex: pe-naⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ (ppénąpa áknį) - seventeen

► ex: pe-da-bniⁿ a-kniⁿ (ppedábnį áknį) - eighteen

► ex: shaⁿ-ka a-kniⁿ (šą́kka áknį) - nineteen, 9 sitting on (10)

► Dhegiha: a-gthiⁿ (ágthiⁿ) - sit, to sit on something; chair, seat [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gthiⁿ (agthiⁿ) - ride a horse, sit on, astride, chair [Omaha]; a-gthiⁿ (agthíⁿ) - -teen (part of number) [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gthiⁿ (á-gthiⁿ) - to sit upon a cushion, robe, or chair; a chair [FL-Osage]; a-liⁿ (álįį), a-dliⁿ (ádlį) - sit upon, ride on, place upon, upon (used in numbers); chair [CQ-Osage]; a-liⁿ (áliⁿ) - sit on; chair; teen formative, ‘in addition’ [Kaw]

 

on, sit on together

► o-ki-ba-taⁿ kniⁿ (okkíbattą knį) - to sit on together

► cf. o-ki-ba-taⁿ (okkíbattą) - together; kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be sitting, be in a place, camp; o-ki-ba-taⁿ-taⁿ (okkíbattą́ttą) - one after another, several in a row or series [JOD]; a-ba-taⁿ (ábattą) - push together, as firebrands when the ends next to the fire are burned; o-ba-tʰaⁿ (obátʰą) - next

► Dhegiha: u-wa-taⁿ (u-wá-taⁿ) - the next [JOD-Omaha]; u-wa-tʰoⁿ (uwátʰoⁿ) - next [Omaha/Ponca]; u-wa-ʰtoⁿ (u-wá-ṭoⁿ) - next in order or line; the next time, place or rank [FL-Osage]; o-txaⁿ (otxą́), o-kxaⁿ (okxą́) - next, following, the following one [CQ-Osage]; o-wa-khaⁿ (owákhaⁿ) - next of kin [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: gthiⁿ (g¢íⁿ) - sit, dwell [JOD-Omaha]; gthiⁿ (gthiⁿ) - to sit [FL-Osage]; liⁿ (lį́į) - sit [CQ-Osage]; liⁿ (liⁿ), gliⁿ (glíⁿ) - sit, stay, remain, dwell, live, reside, continue [Kaw]

 

on, sit softly on

► a-bi-shtaⁿ-ka (ábištąka) - sit softly on, as when a horse is saddled with a blanket ► a-pi-shtaⁿ-ka (áppištąka) - I, a-shpi-shtaⁿ-ka (ášpištąka) - you

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing, blow; shtoⁿ-ka (štǫká), shtaⁿ-ka (štąka) - soft; naⁿ-ta o-shtaⁿ-ka (nąttá oštąká) - ear lobe; pa-zhiⁿ-zhe o-shtaⁿ-ka (ppažį́že oštą́ka) - nose, tip, “soft part”; wa-shtaⁿ-ka (waštą́ka) - green corn; di-shtoⁿ-ka (dištǫ́ka) - hold a soft object

► Dhegiha: a-bi-shtoⁿ-ga (ábishtoⁿga) - press, soften; to sit or press softly on something; to press an object in order to soften it [Omaha/Ponca]; a-bi-shtaⁿ-ga (á-bi-ctañ-ga) - to sit, press, or bear softly on any thing; to press on an ob. in order to soften it [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: shtoⁿ-ga (shtoⁿgá) - soft, puffy, bunched [Omaha/Ponca]; shtoⁿ-ga (shtoⁿga) - soft [Omaha]; shtoⁿ-ga (shtoⁿ-ga) - soft [FL-Osage]; shtoⁿ-ka (štǫ́ka) - soft [CQ-Osage]; shtoⁿ-ga (shtoⁿgá) - be soft [Kaw]

 

on, spit on

► a-bi-xoⁿ (ábiγǫ) - squirt, spit on ► a-pi-xoⁿ (áppiγǫ) - I, a-shpi-xoⁿ (ášpiγǫ) - you

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; bi-xoⁿ (biγǫ́) - blow on something; o-bi-xoⁿ (obíγǫ) - blow into, inflate

► ex: ni a-bi-xoⁿ (ni ábiγǫ) - to squirt water on something from the mouth

► Dhegiha: a-bi-xaⁿ (á-bi-xaⁿ) - to blow on with the mouth [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: bi-xoⁿ (bixóⁿ) - blow, to blow, as at a fire [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-xaⁿ (bi-xáⁿ) - to blow at, as a fire [JOD-Omaha]; bi-xoⁿ (bi-xóⁿ) - to blow with the breath, to make a fire burn by blowing [FL-Osage]; pi-xaⁿ (píɣą) - blow as one’s nose, blow on something, blow into a fire, blow dust off a surface, blow a dandelion away in the wind, blow on a burnt finger to relieve pain [CQ-Osage]; bi-ghaⁿ (bigháⁿ) - blow on a fire to make it burn [Kaw]

 

on, spring at or on

► i-ki-noⁿ-taⁿ (íkkinǫttą́) - jump at, spring at or on ► i-da-ki-noⁿ-taⁿ (idákkinǫttą́) - I, i-da-ki-noⁿ-taⁿ (ídakkinǫ́ttą) - you

► Dhegiha: ʰki-noⁿ-doⁿ (ḳi-nóⁿ-doⁿ) - Springs Forth, male personal name [FL-Osage]

 

on, sprinkle once on

► a-ka-sti (ákasti) - sprinkle once on ► a-a-sti (áasti), a-a-ka-sti (áakasti) - I, a-da-sti (ádasti), a-da-ka-sti (ádakasti) - you

► cf. a-ka-ch’e-ch’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop; a-ka-kaⁿ (ákakką) - sprinkle powder on; a-ka-ta (ákatta) - splash; make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water; a-ka-xtaⁿ (ákaxtą) - pour water on, baptize; a-ka-xtaⁿ-xtaⁿ (ákaxtąxtą) - sprinkle repeatedly

 

on, sprinkle powder on

► a-ka-kaⁿ (ákakką) - sprinkle powder on

► cf. a-ka-ch’e-ch’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop; a-ka-kaⁿ (ákakką) - sprinkle powder on; a-ka-sti (ákasti) - sprinkle once on; a-ka-ta (ákatta) - splash; make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water; a-ka-xtaⁿ (ákaxtą) - pour water on, baptize; a-ka-xtaⁿ-xtaⁿ (ákaxtąxtą) - sprinkle repeatedly

► ex: shi-zhi-ka a-ka-kaⁿ (šižíka ákakką) - baby powder [MS]

 

on, stand on

► a-na-zhiⁿ (ánažį) - stand upon; floor ► a-a-na-zhiⁿ (áanažį) - I, a-da-na-zhiⁿ (ádanažį) - you

► cf. a (á) - on or upon; na-zhiⁿ (nažį́) - stand; a-ki-na-zhiⁿ (ákinážį) - stand on one’s own

► Dhegiha: a-na-zhiⁿ (á-na-jiⁿ) - to stand on any object; to stand by some one [JOD-Omaha]; a-noⁿ-zhiⁿ (á-noⁿ-zhiⁿ) - to stand on [FL-Osage]; a-naⁿ-zhiⁿ (ánąąžį) - stand on top of, be superior to in some quality; step on, step in [CQ-Osage]; a-na-zhiⁿ (ánazhiⁿ), a-no-zhiⁿ (ánozhiⁿ) - stand on something; step on something [Kaw]

 

on, stand on one’s own

► a-ki-na-zhiⁿ (ákinážį) - stand on one’s own ► a-a-ki-na-zhiⁿ (aakinažį) - I, a-da-ki-na-zhiⁿ (adakinažį) - you

► cf. a-ki (áki) - on or upon oneself/one’s own; na-zhiⁿ (nažį́) - stand; a-na-zhiⁿ (ánažį) - stand upon

► Dhegiha: a-na-zhiⁿ (á-na-jiⁿ) - to stand on any object; to stand by some one [JOD-Omaha]; a-noⁿ-zhiⁿ (á-noⁿ-zhiⁿ) - to stand on [FL-Osage]; a-naⁿ-zhiⁿ (ánąąžį) - stand on top of, be superior to in some quality; step on, step in [CQ-Osage]; a-na-zhiⁿ (ánazhiⁿ), a-no-zhiⁿ (ánozhiⁿ) - stand on something; step on something [Kaw]

 

on, step on

► naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (nąhóttą) - cry out from being stepped on ► a-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (aną́hottą) - I, da-naⁿ-ho-taⁿ (daną́hottą) - you

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ho (ho) - voice; ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - cry out, roar; ho taⁿ-ka (hŭk-takah) - shout, yell, scream, call (crier) [GI]; ho taⁿ-ka (hú-tañ-k͓a) - Kwapa name for the Winnebago Indians [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wa-naⁿ-hu-taⁿ (wanáⁿhutaⁿ) - to make them cry by treading [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: hu tʰoⁿ (hútʰoⁿ) - to cry out, roar, bellow, said of the cries of all animals except humans and hogs [Omaha]; ho-ʰtoⁿ (hóṭoⁿ) - the cry or call of animals or birds [FL-Osage]; ho-ʰtaⁿ (hóoʰtą) - yell, holler, shout, lit., “loud voice”, sing or sound out, make a loud sound, make animal sounds [CQ-Osage]; ho-taⁿ (hótaⁿ) - cry of an animal; an animal’s characteristic cry, a single term used to convey notions such as roar, bellow, whinny, caw, etc. [Kaw]

 

► naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot, walk on and kick it, walk on something, kicking [JOD]

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot

► ex: naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - he knocked it out of the fire by stepping on it [JOD]

► ex: ta-iⁿ-xe naⁿ-si-ka (táįγe nąsiká) - he knocked the firebrand out of the fire by stepping on it (kicking it) [JOD]

► Dhegiha: noⁿ-si-ge (noⁿ-çí-ge) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-si-ge (naⁿsíge) - walk on gravel and kick it; walk on something, kicking; scuff along [Kaw]

 

► naⁿ-shi-ke (nąšíke) - spoil something by stepping on it ► a-naⁿ-shi-ke (aną́šike) - I, da-naⁿ-shi-ke (daną́šike) - you

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; shi-ke (šíke) - bad; ba-shi-ke (bašiké) - ruin by poking a hole in; bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by pressing, squash; da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly; di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong; ka-shi-ke (kašíke) - spoil something by striking it; pa-shi-ke (pášike) - ruin by cutting with a knife; po-shi-ke (póšike) - spoil something by punching it; ta-shi-ke (tášíke) - ruin something by burning it

 

► naⁿ-ta-zhe (nąttáže) - pop by stepping on; make cracking noise by stepping ► a-naⁿ-ta-zhe (aną́ttaže) - I, da-naⁿ-ta-zhe (daną́ttaže) - you

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; ba-ta-zhe (battáže) - to make a popping sound from pushing; bi-ta-zhe (bittáže) - popping sound from pressing; da-ta-zhe (dattáže) - popping sound, make with mouth; di-ta-zhe (dittáže) - snap the fingers; ka-ta-zhe (kattáže), ga-ta-zhe (gattáže) - clap the hands; naⁿ-pe ka-ta-zhe (nąpe kattáže) - clap the hands; po-ta-zhe (póttaže) - thrust and cause popping sound; ta-ta-zhe (táttaže) - to make a popping sound, as wood in a fire

 

► naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something ► a-naⁿ-to-we (aną́ttowe) - I, da-naⁿ-to-we (daną́ttowe) - you

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up; bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; di-to-we (dittówe) - plow, pulverize the soil; we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - a plow; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; ka-to-we de-de (kattówe déde) - throw at and shatter; pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces; po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it’s own accord

► Dhegiha: tu-be (túbe) - fine as flour [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-tu-be (bitúbe) - crumble, to make something crumble by weight or pressure, as an old log or stump [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-tu-be (thátube) - crush with the teeth, chew [Omaha]; ga-tu-be (gátube) - crush [Omaha]; ba-ʰto-be (bá-ṭo-be) - chopped fine, slice [FL-Osage]; ga-ʰto-be (ga-ṭo-be) - to shatter, to pulverize [FL-Osage]; ba-to-be (batóbe) - grind, pound fine [Kaw]; yu-to-be (yutóbe), yu-to-we (yutówe) - plow, break virgin ground; to grind, grind up [Kaw]

 

► naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something ► a-naⁿ-to-xi (aną́ttoxi) - I, da-naⁿ-to-xi (daną́ttoxi) - you

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot; di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching, pushing; bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch; ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - soda pop, “exploding water”; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - to cause burst by burning

 

on, stretch by treading on

► naⁿ-zi-ke (nązíke) - stretch something by treading on it ► a-naⁿ-zi-ke (aną́zike) - I, da-naⁿ-zi-ke (daną́zike) - you

► cf. naⁿ (ną) - by action of the foot; bi-zi-ke (bizíke) - stretch from pressure or weight; da-zi-ke (dazíke) - stretch with the mouth; di-zi-ke (dizíke) - stretch by pulling; hi-ni-ke zi-zi-ke (hiníke zizíke) - stockings, hose; kdi-zi-ke (kdizíke) - stretch one’s own, pull; ki-di-zi-ke (kídizíke) - stretch something for someone

► Dhegiha: zi-zi-ge (zízige) - rubber, elastic, any rubber or elastic object [Omaha/Ponca]; zi-zi-ge (zí-zi-ge) - India-rubber, any elastic object [JOD-Omaha]; zi-zi-ge (çiçige) - springy [Omaha]; wa-zi-zi-e (wa-çí-çi-e) - rubber, thing elastic [FL-Osage]

 

on, stretch out on something

► a-ka-zi (ákazi) - stretch out on something

► ex: a-ka-zi i-he a-taⁿ di-ze (ákazi íhe áttą dizé) - to stretch out on an object and take something else

► ex: a-ka-zi i-he a-zhaⁿ-taⁿ bdi-ze (ákazi íhe ažą́ttą bdizé) - I stretch, etc.

► Dhegiha: a-ga-zi (á-ga-zi) - to stretch out on; to reach out to [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: ki-gtha-zi (kigtházi) - stretch, to stretch; stretch one’s arms upward [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰki-gtha-zi (ḳi-gthá-çi) - to stretch oneself [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: thi-zi (thizi) - stretch [Omaha]; thi-zi-tha (thi-çí-tha) - to stretch, as distend [FL-Osage]; thi-zi-the (ðiiziðe) - stretch [CQ-Osage]

 

on, throw oneself down on

► a-bi-saⁿ-te zhaⁿ (ábisątte žą́)) - roll over on something; throw oneself down on

► cf. a-bi-saⁿ-te (ábisątte) - catch by pressing on; hold down, e.g., on his back; lie on something; zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline; a-bi-saⁿ-te-zhi (ábisąttéži) - press down on, weight, hold down; o-bi-saⁿ-te (obísątte) - pull something between two objects

► ex: ma-shtiⁿ-ke a-bi-saⁿ-te zhaⁿ (maštį́ke ábisątte žą́) - to throw himself down on a rabbit to catch it

► Dhegiha: a-bi-soⁿ-dse (á-bi-çoⁿ-dse) - to press to the ground [FL-Osage]; a-pi-saⁿ (ápisą) - mash, push down on, shut, close, hold down [CQ-Osage]; a-bu-saⁿ-je (ábusaⁿje) - press down on with the hands, as in catching a bird or rabbit; to press or bear hard on, as with a chair leg; to run and jump on something, wrestle [Kaw]; a-ki-bu-saⁿ-je (ákíbusaⁿje) - to wrestle each other [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - recline, lie, lie down, to sleep [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - day, night, sleep, day, night, 24-hour period, “a sleep” [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to sleep [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ (žą́ą) - sleep, go to sleep, lie down to sleep, go to bed, sleep over, stay all night, sleep, night's rest, overnight stay [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ (zhaⁿ) - lie down, sleep, recline [Kaw]; zhaⁿ (zhaⁿ) - day, a sleep [Kaw]

 

on, to go straight on

► o-ka-t’o-zhi hi de (ókatʔóži hi dé) - to go straight on ► o-a-ka-t’o-zhi hi bde (oákatʔóži hi bdé) - I, o-da-ka-t’o-zhi hi te (odákatʔóži hi tté) - you

► cf. de (de) - go

 

on, turn on the light

► a-ta-koⁿ i-ta ka-xa (áttakkǫ ita kaγá) - let the light burn! (turn on the lantern, make it burn!) [MS]

► cf. a-ta-kaⁿ (áttakką), a-ta-koⁿ (áttakkǫ), ha-ta-kaⁿ (hattáką) - lamp, lantern, candle; ka-xa (kaγá) - command form of make, do, cause

► Dhegiha: na-kaⁿ ga-xa a (nákaⁿ gáxa-ă) - make a light [JOD-Omaha]; da-ʰkoⁿ ga-xa (dá-ḳoⁿ-ga-xa) - to make a bright light, to illuminate [FL-Osage]; a-ta-ʰkaiⁿ ka-xa (átaʰkáį káaγa) - turn on the light [CQ-Osage]

 

on, walk on

► a-pʰe (ápʰe) - go over, pass over, walk on ► a-a-pʰe (áapʰe) - I, a-da-pʰe (ádapʰe) - you

► Dhegiha: a-pshe (á-pshe) - to walk on, or to go from house to house [FL-Osage]; a-pshe (ápše) - around, pass around, give around, walk around, go around, circulate [CQ-Osage]; a-phe (áphe) - walk on something, ascend, cover over, as a lodge with skins [Kaw]

 

on, walk on and kick something

► naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot, walk on and kick it, walk on something, kicking [JOD]

► cf. naⁿ (naⁿ) - by action of the foot

► ex: naⁿ-si-ka (nąsiká) - he knocked it out of the fire by stepping on it [JOD]

► ex: ta-iⁿ-xe naⁿ-si-ka (táįγe nąsiká) - he knocked the firebrand out of the fire by stepping on it (kicking it) [JOD]

► Dhegiha: noⁿ-si-ge (noⁿ-çí-ge) - lifting or kicking aside with the foot [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-si-ge (naⁿsíge) - walk on gravel and kick it; walk on something, kicking; scuff along [Kaw]

 

once in a while

► kda-he-he (kdahéhe) - often, once in a while

► Dhegiha: gtha-he thoⁿ-thoⁿ (gthahe thoⁿthoⁿ) - frequently [Omaha]

 

once upon a time

► haⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi (hą́tʰąhí), haⁿ-taⁿ-hi (hą́ttąhí) - once upon a time

► cf. ha-tʰaⁿ (hatʰą́) - when; aⁿ-tʰaⁿ (ą́tʰą) - when [JOD]; hoⁿ-tʰaⁿ (hǫ́tʰą) - why; when; ha-tʰaⁿ-taⁿ (hatʰą́ttą), a-tʰaⁿ-taⁿ (atʰą́ttą) - when, in the future; ha-tʰaⁿ-ti (hatʰą́tti) - when, at what time

► ex: haⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi ni-ka wa-x’o i-da-kda-niⁿ ta-bde da-we (hą́tʰąhí níkka waxʔó idákdanį́ tábde dáwe) - once upon a time, a man and his woman went hunting [JOD]

► Dhegiha: ha-ʰtoⁿ-shki (há-ṭoⁿ-shki) - whenever [FL-Osage]; ha-khaⁿ-shke (hakháⁿshke) - sometime or other [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ha-ʰtoⁿ (ha-ṭóⁿ) - how far; at what distance [FL-Osage]; ha-txaⁿ (háatxą), ha-kxaⁿ (háakxą) - how far, what distance, (for) how long [CQ-Osage]; ha-khaⁿ (hakháⁿ) - how far?, how long?, when? [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ha-ʰtoⁿ-dsi (ha-ṭóⁿ-dsi) - when, at what time [FL-Osage]; ha-txaⁿ-tsi (haatxą́ci), ha-kxaⁿ-tsi (haakxą́ci) - when in the past, at what time in the past [CQ-Osage]; ha-khaⁿ-ji (hakháⁿji) - when, at what past time? [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ha-ʰtoⁿ-doⁿ (ha-ṭóⁿ-doⁿ) - when [FL-Osage]; ha-txaⁿ-ta (haatxą́ta), ha-kxaⁿ-ta (haakxą́ta) - ehrn in the future, what time in the future [CQ-Osage]; ha-khaⁿ-da (hakháⁿda) - when, at what future time? [Kaw]

 

once, one time

► hi-noⁿ-xtiⁿ (hínǫxtį) - once, one time

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-a-xchi-oⁿ (wiⁿáqchioⁿ) - once [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ-o-xji-oⁿ (wiⁿoxjioⁿ) - once [Omaha]; wiⁿ-a-xtshi-aⁿ (wiⁿ-á-qtchi-aⁿ) - once [JOD-Omaha]; wiⁿ-xtsi-oⁿ (wíⁿ-xtsi-oⁿ), wíⁿ-a-xtsi-oⁿ (wíⁿ-á-xtsi-oⁿ) - once [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-xtsaⁿ (máⁿxcaⁿ) - once, one time [Kaw]

 

once, sprinkle once on

► a-ka-sti (ákasti) - sprinkle once on ► a-a-sti (áasti), a-a-ka-sti (áakasti) - I, a-da-sti (ádasti), a-da-ka-sti (ádakasti) - you

► cf. a-ka-ch’e-ch’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop; a-ka-kaⁿ (ákakką) - powder, sprinkle on; a-ka-ta (ákatta) - splash; make spray fall on one accidentally by hitting the water; a-ka-xtaⁿ (ákaxtą) - pour water on, baptize; a-ka-xtaⁿ-xtaⁿ (ákaxtąxtą) - sprinkle repeatedly

 

one

► miⁿ (mį) - one, a, an, indefinite article

► cf. miⁿ-xti (mį́xti), mi-a-xti (míaxti) - one

► ex: ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ (níkkašíka mį́) - one person, a person [JOD]

► ex: shka-te shoⁿ-niⁿ naⁿ-zha ma-sa-ni-taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ ki-baⁿ hi-de (škátte šǫ-nį́ ną́ža másanítą níkkašíka mį́ kíbą híde) - after he had been playing awhile, a person called to him from the other side (of the river) [JOD]

► ex: ta-bde de tʰe taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ tʰi (tábde de tʰé tą níkkašíka mį tʰí) - when you went hunting a person came [JOD]

► ex: wa-sa miⁿ (wasá mį) - one black bear [JOD]

► ex: wa-sa miⁿ hoⁿ-bde, i-ya(wasá mį hǫ́bde, iyá) - one of the black bears had a dream, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: miⁿ kdi-ze (mį kdizé) - he took one of his own

► ex: shi-naⁿ miⁿ kdi-ze naⁿ (šíną mį kdizé ną) - he took one (of his own) again [JOD]

► ex: shi-naⁿ naⁿ miⁿ kdi-ze (šíną ną mį kdizé) - he took one (of his own) again [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o miⁿ (waxʔó mį) - a woman [JOD]

► ex: “wi-ti-kaⁿ, wa-x’o miⁿ de-do i-hi naⁿ i-da-de hoⁿ-zhi ae,” i-ke (“wittiką́, waxʔó mį dédo íhi ną ídade hǫži ae,” iké) - “my grandfather, did you not see a woman that arrived here?” he said to him [JOD]

► ex: miⁿ di-ze (mį dizé) - he grabbed one [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ di-ze naⁿ ta-i-ta o-naⁿ a-taⁿ di-ba-xe naⁿ o-zhi-ha o-knaⁿ kaⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe (kóišǫ́ttą mį dizé ną ttáitta oną attą dibáxe ną óžiha okną ką́-nįkʰé) - then he grabbed one, held it by the neck and broke it, then put it in a bag [JOD]

► ex: mi-aⁿ-pa miⁿ (mią́pa mį́) - month, lunar month

► ex: iⁿ-chʰoⁿ mi-aⁿ-ba miⁿ a-ki-ha a-kniⁿ (į́čʰǫ mią́ba mį́ ákkihą aknį́) - I have now been (here) over a month

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one [Omaha]; wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one, single [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ (wį) - a, an, one, single, any one, one of a group [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ (miⁿ) - one, a, an; indefinite article [Kaw]

 

► miⁿ-xti (mį́xti), mi-a-xti (míaxti) - one, exactly one, only one, just one

► miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one [MS, MR, FR, AG, OM]

► miⁿ-xti (milchtih) - 1 [GI]

► miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one [FV]

► cf. miⁿ (mį) - one, a, an, indefinite article; xti (xti) - very, real, fully

► ex: miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (mį́xti áknį) - eleven

► ex: kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (kdébnąttą́ mį́xti áknį) - eleven, “10 when 1 sitting on”, same as miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (mįxti aknį), the contracted and more common form

► ex: kde-bdaⁿ naⁿ-pa miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (kdébdą ną́pa mį́xti aknį) - twenty one

► ex: ma-ze-ska miⁿ-xti (máze ska mį́xti) - dollar, one dollar [MS, OM]

► ex: de-ska-de miⁿ-xti (déskade mį́xti) - dime [MS, OM]

► ex: miⁿ-xti o-shte (mį́xti ošté) - just one remained [JOD]

► ex: mi-aⁿ-ba mi-xti-naⁿ (mią́ba míxtiną) - monthly

► ex: e-shoⁿ miⁿ-xti o-shte tʰaⁿ sh’a-taⁿ-ka do-taⁿ-ti hi (ešǫ́ mį́xti ošté tʰą šʔattą́ka dottą́tti hí) - then the one that remained went straight to the devil [JOD]

► ex: ni-ka miⁿ-xti wa-x’o miⁿ-xti, naⁿ-pa o-ka-shte, i-ya (níkka mį́-xti waxʔó mį́-xti, ną́pa okášté, iyá) - one male and one female, two remained after the striking down of the others, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka miⁿ-xti bdi-ba-xa taⁿ a-wa-k’i aⁿ-maⁿ (wažį́ka mį́xti bdíbaxá tą awákʔi ąmą́) - I usually give them just one bird, I twist it’s head off [JOD]

► ex: wa-zho-kte miⁿ-xti wa-taⁿ-ka a-niⁿ (wažokte mį́xti wattą́ka anį́) - so they dance, one leader, special leader [MS]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿáqchi) - exactly one; just one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿ-á-qtci) - just one; one [JOD-Omaha]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wiⁿ́-xtsi) - one of a kind, a single piece [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wį́xci) - one, a, an [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-xtsi (míⁿxci) - one, just one [Kaw]

 

one after another

► o-ki-ba-taⁿ-taⁿ (okkíbattą́ttą) - one after another, several in a row or series [JOD]

► cf. o-ki-ba-taⁿ (okkíbattą) - together; o-ki-ba-taⁿ kniⁿ (okkíbattą knį) - to sit on together; a-ba-taⁿ (ábattą) - push together, as firebrands when the ends next to the fire are burned; o-ba-tʰaⁿ (obátʰą) - next

► ex: i-ka-she-knaⁿ o-ki-ba-taⁿ-taⁿ (íkašekną́ okkíbattą́ttą) - breastpins/buttons one after another/several in a row [JOD]

► ex: e-ti maⁿ-ze-ska a-kaⁿ-ta i-niⁿ-ha wa-di-ski-ta maⁿ-ze shto-zha o-ki-ba-taⁿ e-ti-zhi pa naⁿ (ettí mązéska ákątta inįhá wádiskittá mązé štóža okkíbattą ettíži ppa ną) - sliver armlets and silver crescent bracelets, they put them on in rows, one after another [JOD]

► Dhegiha: u-ʰki-a ’toⁿ-toⁿ (u-ḳi-á ’toⁿ-toⁿ) - a series, consecutive, one following the other [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: u-wa-taⁿ (u-wá-taⁿ) - the next [JOD-Omaha]; u-wa-tʰoⁿ (uwátʰoⁿ) - next [Omaha/Ponca]; u-wa-ʰtoⁿ (u-wá-ṭoⁿ) - next in order or line; the next time, place or rank [FL-Osage]; o-txaⁿ (otxą́), o-kxaⁿ (okxą́) - next, following, the following one [CQ-Osage]; o-wa-khaⁿ (owákhaⁿ) - next of kin [Kaw]

 

► a-ki-kde-kde (ákkikdekde) - one after another in quick succession, e.g. shots, events

► cf. a-ki-kde-kde (ákkikdekde) - indirectly, not even second hand; o-ki-kde-kde (ókikdékde) - set up in a row [JOD]

► ex: a-ki-kde-kde ki-te (ákkikdekde kkítte) - to shoot at in quick succession, fire a volley

► ex: a-ki-kde-kde a-na-x’oⁿ (ákkikdekde anáxʔǫ) - I heard it indirectly

 

one another, shoot one another

► ki-ki-te (kkikkítte) - battle, “shoot one another” ► da-ki-ki-te (dakkíkkitte) - you

► ki-ki-te (kkikkítte) - war [MS]

► cf. ki-te (kkitte) - to shoot; ki-te (kkítte) - shoot at something; ki-te (kkítte) - shoot [MS]; ki-te da (kkítte dá) - go shoot him! [MS]; ki-ki-te (kíkkitte) - shoot (at) something for someone; a-ki-kde-kde ki-te (ákkikdekde kkítte) - to shoot at in quick succession; fire a volley; we-ki-te (wékkitte) - bullet

► Dhegiha: ʰki-ʰku-tse (ʰkiʰkúce) - shoot each other, shoot at each other [CQ-Osage]; ku-ku-je (kukúje) - shoot one another, shoot at each other [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: ki-de (kíde) - to shoot at [JOD-Omaha]; ki-de (kide) - shoot [Omaha]; ʰku-dse (ḳú-dse) - to shoot [FL-Osage]; ʰku-tse (ʰkúce) - fire a gun, shoot a bow and arrow; shoot someone, shoot at someone [CQ-Osage]; ku-je (kúje) - shoot at something [Kaw]

 

one another, sit facing one another

► a-ki-naⁿ-saⁿ kniⁿ (ákkiną́są knį) - sit facing one another, like children with the feet of one passing a little the feet of the opposite child

► cf. naⁿ-sa-ta (nąsátta) - stretch one’s legs, straighten; kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be sitting, be in a place, camp

 

one another, sit together or with one another

► o-ki-kniⁿ (okkíknį) - sit together, with one another

► cf. o-ki-kniⁿ (okiknį) - to sit in one’s own [JOD]; o-kniⁿ (oknį́) - sit in, dwell in, live in; o-hi-kniⁿ (ohíknį) - to get into and sit [JOD]; kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be sitting, be in a place, camp; ki-kniⁿ (kíknį) - sit with reference to another; a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on; and numerals in the teens; a-kniⁿ (áknį) - chair, seat; a-kʰi-kniⁿ (akʰíknį) - return home there and stay

► Dhegiha: u-gthiⁿ (ugthíⁿ) - sit in, to sit in something, seat, place to sit [Omaha/Ponca]; u-gthiⁿ (ugthiⁿ) - ride [Omaha]; u-gthiⁿ (ú-gthiⁿ) - to occupy a seat, to dwell in [FL-Osage]; o-liⁿ (olį́į) - live in or at, dwell in, inhabit, live within metaphorically, ride, ride in, sit in, occupy (a seat), be seated on, sit down on, take a seat on [CQ-Osage]; o-liⁿ (olíⁿ) - dwell, live in a place, sit in a place, stay in a place [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: gthiⁿ (g¢íⁿ) - sit, dwell [JOD-Omaha]; gthiⁿ (gthiⁿ) - to sit [FL-Osage]; liⁿ (lį́į) - sit [CQ-Osage]; liⁿ (liⁿ), gliⁿ (glíⁿ) - sit, stay, remain, dwell, live, reside, continue [Kaw]

 

one another, sitting upon one another

► a-ki-kniⁿ-xti (ákkiknį́xti) - in a great crowd, crowding together upon one another, sitting upon one another

► cf. a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on; a-ki-kniⁿ (akíkniⁿ) - to sit on one’s own [JOD]; xti (-xti) - very, real, fully

► ex: a-ki-kniⁿ-xti ti tʰe-ti hi-we i-ya (ákkiknį́xti ttí tʰétti híwe iyá) - they went to the lodge, crowding together, sitting upon one another, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-ʰki-gthiⁿ (á-ḳi-gthiⁿ) - to sit upon one another [FL-Osage]; a-gi-liⁿ (ágiliⁿ) - sit on one’s own [Kaw]

 

one another, they said the preceding to one another

► i-ke-ya-we (íkeyáwe) - they said the preceding to one another [JOD]

► cf. i-ke-ye (ikéye) - to have said something to someone

► ex: “ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰi e-de! ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰi e-de!” i-ke-ya-we niⁿ, i-ya (“maštį́ke tʰí edé! maštį́ke tʰí edé!” íkeyáwe nį́, iyá) - “the rabbit has come! the rabbit has come!” they (black bears) said to one another, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: “ha-o, ma-shtiⁿ-ke o-da-ke tʰi i-ye,” i-ke-ya-we niⁿ, i-ya (“haó, maštį́ke ódake tʰí iyé,” íkeyáwe nį́, iyá) - ho, the rabbit says that he has come to tell us something,” they (black bears) said to one another, it is said (they say) [JOD]

 

one another, to place a number of objects so that they cross one another

► a-ki-di-te-te i-tʰe-de (ákkidittette itʰéde) - to place a number of objects so that they cross one another

► cf. a-ki-di-te-te (ákkidittétte) - crisscrossed; interlaced, as boughs, vines, etc; i-tʰe-de (itʰéde) - stand something up, singular/standing/inanimate; a-ki-di-te (ákkiditte) - crossing each other; o-zhoⁿ-ke a-ki-di-te (ožǫ́ke ákkiditte) - cross roads; di-te (ditté) - cross a stream; wa-di-te (wadítte) - Crosses Stream, Harry Crawfish, male personal name [MS, JOD]; ni di-te-de (ní dittéde) - ford a stream

► Dhegiha: a-ki-thi-te (á-ki-¢í-t͓e) - to cross each other, crossing each other, to lie across one another; to cross a stream together [JOD-Omaha]; a-kʰi-thi-te u-ga-doⁿ (ákʰithíte ugádoⁿ) - to nail on crosswise, to crucify [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰki-thi-tse (á-ḳi-thi-tse) - that which lies across [FL-Osage]

► Dhegiha: thi-te (¢it͓é) - to cross, as a stream [JOD-Omaha]; ni u-thi-ʰtse (ni-ú-thi-ṭse) - to cross a ford [FL-Osage]; yu-tse (yucé) - cross, as a stream [Kaw]

 

one cent, penny

► de-ha zhi-te (déha žítte) - penny, one cent [MS, OM]

► cf. zhi-te (žítte) - red

► Dhegiha: we-tha-wa zhi-de  (wéthawa zhide) - penny [Omaha]; wa-tha-wa zhu-tse (waðáawa žúuce) - penny, lit., “red count” [CQ-Osage]; zhu-je hiⁿga (zhújehiⁿga) - penny, cent
[Kaw]

 

one dollar

► ma-ze-ska miⁿ-xti (mázeska mį́xti) - dollar, one dollar [MS, OM]

► cf. ma-ze-ska (mazéska) - silver, money, a dollar; ma-ze (máze) - iron, metal; ska (ska) - white; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-ze ska (moⁿçeçka) - money, silver, currency [Omaha]; moⁿ-ze ska (moⁿ́-çe-çka) - white metal, money [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-ze ska(mą́zeska) - money, coin, silver, lit., “white metal” [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-ze ska (máⁿzeska) - money, esp. silver money [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿáqchi) - exactly one; just one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿ-á-qtci) - just one; one [JOD-Omaha]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wiⁿ́-xtsi) - one of a kind, a single piece [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wį́xci) - one, a, an [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-xtsi (míⁿxci) - one, just one [Kaw]

 

one each

► miⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (mįną́ną) - by ones, one each, one apiece

► miⁿ-xti-naⁿ-naⁿ (mį́xtiną́ną) - one apiece [JOD]

► cf. miⁿ (mį) - one, a, an; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one; na-na (-naná), naⁿ-naⁿ (-ną́ną) - distributive of numerals; naⁿ-pa naⁿ-naⁿ (nąpánąną́) - two each, by twos, two apiece; da-bniⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (dábnįną́ną) - by threes; 3 apiece; to-wa naⁿ-naⁿ (towánąną́) - four each, by fours; sa-taⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (sáttąną́ną) - five apiece, by fives; sha-pe naⁿ-naⁿ (šáppe ną́ną) - by sixes, 6 apiece, 6 at a time; pe-naⁿ-pa naⁿ-naⁿ (ppénąpánąną́) - seven apiece, by sevens; pe-da-bni naⁿ-naⁿ (ppedábnįną́ną) - eight apiece, eight at a time; shaⁿ-ka naⁿ-naⁿ (šą́kka ną́ną) - by nines; kde-bdaⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (kdébdąną́ną) - by tens, 10 apiece, 10 at a time; da-bniⁿ a-kniⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (dábnįáknįną́ną) - by thirteens; 13 apiece; sha-pe a-kniⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (šappé áknį ną́ną) - by sixteens, 16 each; pe-naⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (ppénąpáaknį́nąną́) - seventeen apiece, seventeen at a time; shaⁿ-ka a-kniⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (šą́kka áknį ną́ną) - by nineteens, 19 each; kde-bnaⁿ naⁿ-pa naⁿ-naⁿ (kdébnąną́paną́ną) - by twenties, 20 apiece; kde-bdaⁿ da-bni naⁿ-naⁿ (kdébdądábniną́ną) - by thirties, 30 each; e-zhi-naⁿ-naⁿ (éžiną́ną) - different things, different; ha-na-ska naⁿ-naⁿ (hánaska ną́ną) - how big is each; wa-da miⁿ naⁿ-naⁿ (wadá míⁿnąną́) - hourly

► ex: wa-x’o to-wa ke taⁿ-ha shoⁿ-zhi-ka miⁿ-xti-naⁿ-naⁿ a-niⁿ aⁿ-tʰaⁿ ha-ze da-we (waxʔó tówa ke tą́ha šǫ́žika mį́xtiną́ną ánį ą́tʰą háze dáwe) - the four women, each took a pup when they fled [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ thoⁿ-thoⁿ (wiⁿthoⁿthoⁿ) - each [Omaha]; wiⁿ-thoⁿ-thoⁿ (wíⁿ-thoⁿ-thoⁿ) - one apiece, one by one [FL-Osage]; miⁿ yaⁿ-ye (míⁿ yaⁿye) - one apiece, one to each, distributive [Kaw]

 

one foot, unit of measure

► si-toⁿ-we (síttǫwe) - one foot, unit of measure

► cf. si (si) - foot; i-toⁿ-we (íttǫwe), i-tʰoⁿ-we (ítʰǫwe) - bushel, measure for solids

► Dhegiha: si e-tʰoⁿ-the (si étʰoⁿthe) - measure, foot, to measure someone’s feet [Omaha/Ponca]

 

one half pound

► ski-ke o-skaⁿ-ska (skíke oską́ska) - one half pound, 1/2 lb

► cf. ski-ke (skíke) - heavy, heavy weight; o-skaⁿ-ska (oskąská) - half (in length), middle; i-ski-ke ka-xe (ískike káγe) - pound, lit. “makes weight”; ski-ke miⁿ-xti (skíke mįxti) - one pound, 1 lb; ski-ke k’iⁿ (skíke kʔį) - carry a heavy load

► Dhegiha: ski-ge (skíge) - heavy [Omaha/Ponca]; ski-ge (skige) - heavy [Omaha]; ski-ge (çkí-ge) - heavy [FL-Osage]; ski-ke (skíke) - heavy, tired, weighted down, heavily laden [CQ-Osage]; skiⁿ-ge (skíⁿge) - be heavy [Kaw]

 

one hundred

► kde-bdaⁿ hi (kdébdą hí) - hundred, a stock of tens

► kde-bnaⁿ hi (gĕdēhbŏnāh-hih) - 100 [GI]

► kde-bda hi (kûdebûnû-hi), (kŭ-de-bŭ-ni-hi) - 100 [LH]

► cf. kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka (kdébdąhížiká) - hundred; kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhížiká mį́xti) - one hundred; kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; kde-bdaⁿ hi taⁿ-ka (kdébdą hi ttą́ka) - thousand, large stock of 10’s

► Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

► kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka (kdébdąhížiká) - hundred

► kde-bdaⁿ i zi-ka (kdébdą í ziká) - one hundred [OM]

► cf. kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhížiká mį́xti) - one hundred; kde-bdaⁿ hi (kdébdą hí) - hundred, a stock of tens; kde-bnaⁿ (kdébną), kde-bdaⁿ (kdebdą) - ten; kde-bdaⁿ hi taⁿ-ka (kdébdą hi ttą́ka) - thousand, large stock of 10’s

► Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

► kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka miⁿ-xti (kdébdąhížiká mį́xti) - one hundred [MS]

► cf. kde-bdaⁿ hi zhi-ka (kdébdąhížiká) - hundred; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one; kde-bdaⁿ hi (kdébdą hí) - hundred, a stock of tens

► Dhegiha: gthe-ba hi wiⁿ (gthébahíwiⁿ) - hundred, one hundred [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-boⁿ hiⁿ wiⁿ (gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - one hundred [Omaha]; gthe-bthoⁿ hu zhiⁿ-ga (gthé-bthoⁿ hu-zhiⁿ-ga) - one hundred [FL-Osage]; le-braⁿ hu-zhi (lébrą huužį́) - hundred, hundredth [CQ-Osage]; le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ (léblaⁿ-hu-miⁿ), le-blaⁿ hu miⁿ-xtsi (léblaⁿ-hú míⁿxci) - hundred [Kaw]

 

one hundred years, century

► o-ma-ni-ka kde-bdaⁿ-hi (ománikka kdébdąhí) - century, a hundred years

► cf. o-ma-ni-ka (ománikka) - year; kde-bdaⁿ hi (kdébdą hí) - hundred, a stock of tens

► Dhegiha: u-mai-ka ghte-boⁿ hiⁿ-wiⁿ (umáika gtheboⁿ hiⁿwiⁿ) - century [Omaha]

 

one mile

► ma-zhaⁿ i-kaⁿ-ska-de miⁿ-xti (mažą́ ikąskáde mįxti) - one mile

► cf. ma-zhaⁿ (mažą́), ma-zhoⁿ (mažǫ́) - land; i-kaⁿ-ska-de (íkąskáde) - measure, distance, money, etc.; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one; ma-zhaⁿ i-kaⁿ-ska-de (mažą́ ikąskáde) - mile, lit. “land measure”; i-kaⁿ-ska-de sa-taⁿ wa-tʰi-shka (íkąskáde sattą watʰiška) - Five Mile Creek, I.T.

► Dhegiha: ma-zhaⁿ we-gaⁿ-ze wiⁿ (ma-jáⁿ wé-gaⁿ-ze wiⁿ) - a “land measure,” a mile [JOD-Omaha]; moⁿ-zhoⁿ wa-tha-da-bi (moⁿ-zhóⁿ wa-tha-da-bi) - a mile [FL-Osage]; we-ko-je (wékoje), ko-tse (koce) - mile [Kaw]

 

one month

► mi-aⁿ-pa miⁿ (mią́pa mį́) - month, lunar month

► cf. mi-aⁿ-pa (mią́pa), mi-oⁿ-pa (miǫ́pa), mi-aⁿ-ba (mią́ba) - moon; miⁿ (mį) - one; a; mi-aⁿ-ba mi-xti-naⁿ (mią́ba míxtiną) - monthly

► ex: iⁿ-chʰoⁿ mi-aⁿ-ba miⁿ a-ki-ha a-kniⁿ (į́čʰǫ mią́ba mį́ ákkihą aknį́) - I have now been (here) over a month

► Dhegiha: mi-oⁿ-ba the (mí-oⁿ-ba the) - this month [FL-Osage]; miⁿ-oⁿ-pa (mį́įǫpa), mi-oⁿ-pa (míiǫpa) - moon, month, month’s time [CQ-Osage]; mi-oⁿ-ba (míoⁿba), miⁿ-oⁿ-ba (míⁿoⁿbá) - month; celestial orb, the sun or moon [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one, single [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ (wį) - a, an, one, single, any one, one of a group [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ (miⁿ) - one, a, an; indefinite article [Kaw]

 

► mi-aⁿ-ba mi-xti (mią́ba míxti) - one month

► cf. mi-aⁿ-pa (mią́pa), mi-oⁿ-pa (miǫ́pa), mi-aⁿ-ba (mią́ba) - moon; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one; mi-aⁿ-ba mi-xti-naⁿ (mią́ba míxtiną) - monthly

► ex: mi-aⁿ-ba mi-xti-naⁿ ma-ze-ska kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-pa a-kniⁿ aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-da (mią́ba míxtiną mazéska kdébnąttą́ nąpá aknį́ ąną́kidá) - he paid me twelve dollars a month

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-oⁿ-ba miⁿ-xtsi (míⁿoⁿba míⁿxci) - month, lit., “one moon” [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: mi-oⁿ-ba the (mí-oⁿ-ba the) - this month [FL-Osage]; miⁿ-oⁿ-pa (mį́įǫpa), mi-oⁿ-pa (míiǫpa) - moon, month, month’s time [CQ-Osage]; mi-oⁿ-ba (míoⁿba), miⁿ-oⁿ-ba (míⁿoⁿbá) - month; celestial orb, the sun or moon [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿáqchi) - exactly one; just one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wíⁿ-xtsi) - one of a kind, a single piece [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wį́xci) - one, a, an [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-xtsi (míⁿxci) - one, just one [Kaw]

 

► mi wiⁿ-xti (mi wį́xti) - month, lunar month, probably miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one

► cf. mi (mi) - sun, moon, orb; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one

► Dhegiha: mi wiⁿ (mi wíⁿ) - one month [Omaha]; miⁿ the (míⁿ ¢é) - this month [JOD-Omaha]; miⁿ tha-bthiⁿ (míⁿ ¢áb¢iⁿ) - three months [JOD-Omaha]; miⁿ sha-pe (miⁿ cape) - six months [JOD-Omaha]

► Dhegiha: miⁿ (miⁿ) - a moon, a lunar month [JOD-Omaha]; miⁿ (miⁿ) - month [Omaha/Ponca]; mi (mi) - sun, moon [FL-Osage]; miⁿ (mį́į), mi (míi) - sun, moon [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ (miⁿ), (míⁿ) - sun [Kaw]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-a-xchi (wiⁿáqchi) - exactly one; just one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wíⁿ-xtsi) - one of a kind, a single piece [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ-xtsi (wį́xci) - one, a, an [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-xtsi (míⁿxci) - one, just one [Kaw]

 

one of the sounds of thunder

► di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder

► cf. di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang; ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching, pushing; bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch; ni-po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - pop, soda pop [LQ, OM]; ta-to-xi (táttoxi) - burst, to cause by burning

 

one place, together in one place

► miⁿ-taⁿ (mį́tą) - together, in one place

► ex: miⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-haⁿ to-wa-i (mį́tą nąhą́ tówaí) - the four of them grew up together [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wiⁿ-daⁿ (wíⁿ-daⁿ) - in one place together, refers to two things [JOD-Omaha]; wiⁿ-daⁿ-the (wíⁿ-daⁿ-¢ĕ) - to put things together in one place [JOD-Omaha]; wiⁿ-doⁿ (wiⁿdoⁿ) - unite, both together [Omaha]; gi-wiⁿ-doⁿ (gi-wíⁿ-doⁿ) - to reconcile, to come together, to reunite as a family or friends, reconciliation [FL-Osage]

 

one pound

► ski-ke miⁿ-xti (skíke mįxti) - one pound, 1 lb

► cf. ski-ke (skíke) - heavy, heavy weight; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one; ski-ke o-skaⁿ-ska (skíke oską́ska) - one half pound, 1/2 lb; ski-ke k’iⁿ (skíke kʔį) - carry a heavy load; i-ski-ke ka-xe (ískike káγe) - pound, lit. “makes weight”

► Dhegiha: ski-ge (skíge) - heavy [Omaha/Ponca]; ski-ge (skige) - heavy [Omaha]; ski-ge (çkí-ge) - heavy [FL-Osage]; ski-ke (skíke) - heavy, tired, weighted down, heavily laden [CQ-Osage]; skiⁿ-ge (skíⁿge) - be heavy [Kaw]

 

one side, a little to one side

► koi-ta de-de (kóitta déde) - a little to one side

► cf. koi (kói) - there; ta-de-de (-ttadéde) - towards, in the direction of; ta-de-de-do-shi (ttadédedóši) - towards, in that direction

 

one side, first on one side then on the other

► i-ki-di-toⁿ (ikídittǫ) - first on one side then on the other [JOD]

► cf. i-ki-di-toⁿ-toⁿ (íkkidíttǫttǫ) - back and forth, interchange

► ex: shi-naⁿ-naⁿ i-ki-di-toⁿ o-pʰe niⁿ i-ya-we (šiną́ną ikídittǫ opʰé nį iyáwe) - again and again, first on one side then on the other, he was paddling, they said [JOD]

► Dhegiha: thi i-ki-thi toⁿ-ga (thi ikithi toⁿga) - reverse, convert [Omaha]; i-ʰki-thi-ʰtoⁿ-ga (i-ḳi-thi-ṭoⁿ-ga) - to interchange, permutation [FL-Osage]

 

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