English to Quapaw Dictionary

C

current

► ni sa-ki (ni sáki) - current in a stream

► cf. ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake; sa-ki (sákki) - rapid, as a stream, man, horse

► Dhegiha: ni u-sa-gi (ni-u-çá-gi) - the strongest flow of water in a stream, the body of water [FL-Osage]

current, against the wind or current

► ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímąhą) - against the wind or current

► cf. ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ka-xde (kkímąhą okáxde) - face upstream, face the wind; i-maⁿ-ha (imąha) - Imaha, a Quapaw village, the 'up river' Quapaw village

► Dhegiha: ki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (kimoⁿhoⁿ) - go against [Omaha]; ʰki-moⁿ-hoⁿ (ḳí-moⁿ-hoⁿ) - to face the wind, against the wind, current or upstream, windward [FL-Osage]; ki-maⁿ-haⁿ (kímaⁿhaⁿ) - against the current or wind, upstream [Kaw]

current, with the current or wind

► a-ka-hi-da (ákahída) - downstream, downwind, with the wind or current

► a-ka-hi-da (akahidah) - New Orleans (Nouvelle Orléans) [GI]

► cf. a-ka-hi-da o-ka-xde (ákahída okáxde) - facing downstream; with his back to the wind; a-ka-hi-da-ta-de-de (ákahídattadéde) - southeast, location, direction; a-k'a i-de (ákʔa idé) - south [MS]

► Dhegiha: a’a (á’a) - south wind [Omaha/Ponca]; hi-de-a-ta (hídeatá) - downstream [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ga-xthe (ágaqthe) - with the wind, with the current [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰk’a (á-ḳ’a) - south, the south wind [FL-Osage]; a-k’a-hu-e (ákʔahúe) - south wind [CQ-Osage]; a-k’a (ák’a) - south, south wind [Kaw]

curse

► knoⁿ (knǫ) - curse, revile ► a-knoⁿ (aknǫ́) - I, da-knoⁿ (daknǫ́) - you

► Dhegiha: gthoⁿ-gthoⁿ (gthóⁿgthoⁿ) - curse, swear [Omaha/Ponca]; gthoⁿ (gthoⁿ) - to call one bad names, to revile [FL-Osage]; loⁿ (lǫ́ǫ) - call someone a bad name, revile someone, say bad words, curse, sulk, be angry, mutter in complaint [CQ-Osage]; loⁿ (loⁿ) - curse, revile someone, call someone bad names [Kaw]

curve

► be-shiⁿ (béšį) - curved, flared

► cf. di-be-shiⁿ (dibešį́) - bend something backwards

► Dhegiha: be-shiⁿ (bé-shiⁿ) - the shape of a china cup which flares at the top [FL-Osage]

► koiⁿ-xe (kóįγe) - crooked, curved, misaligned

► zhaⁿ o-toⁿ o-shpe (žą ottǫ́ ošpé), zhoⁿ o-toⁿ o-shpe (žǫ́ ottǫ́ ošpé) - trees in a curvilinear clump

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; zhoⁿ o-toⁿ (žǫ́ ottǫ́), zhaⁿ o-ta (žą́ ottá) - forest; o-shpe (ošpé) - fragment; ka-shpe (kašpé) - cut off, knock off a piece

► Dhegiha: u-shpe (u-shpé) - a fragment [FL-Osage]; o-shpe zhiⁿ (ošpéžį) - fragment, small piece, chip, bit, bits and baubles, one’s small things, change left over after a purchase, coins, small change, pennies CQ-Osage]; yu-shpe (yushpé) - pinch off, pull off a piece [Kaw]

cut

► pa-shte (pášte) - cut

► cf. ma-ze we-pa-shte (mozeh-wepaschtŭh) - knife, "iron with which to cut" (épée) [GI]; ki-kda-shte (kkikdášte) - cut, gash one's own; ka-shte (kašté) - gash, slit something striking it; i-ka-shte (íkašte) - gash, slit the skin with something; o-di-shte (odíšte) - saw, split by sawing; zhoⁿ di-shte (žǫ díšte) - plank, “split wood”; shte-ke (štéke) - split in two

cut along edge

► ka-zi-pa (kazíppa) - chop, cut at the edge ► a-zi-pa (ázippa) - I, da-zi-pa (dázippa) - you

► cf. ba-zi-pa (bazíppa) - edge, nudge, push on edge; bi-zi-pa (bizíppa) - sit/lie on the edge, to perch; da-zi-pa (dazíppa) - bite along the edge, nip; di-zi-pa (dizíppa) - grasp or hold by the edge; kdi-zi-pa (kdizíppa) - hold, grasp edge of one's own; ki-di-zi-pa (kídizippa) - hold along the edge for someone; naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - walk along the edge of something; pa-zi-pa (pázippa) - cut along the edge with a knife; po-zi-pa (pózippa) - punch along the edge of something

► pa-zi-pa (pázippa) - cut along the edge with a knife ► pa-a-zi-pa (páazíppa) - I, pa-da-zi-pa (pádazíppa) - you

► cf. ba-zi-pa (bazíppa) - edge, nudge, push on edge; bi-zi-pa (bizíppa) - sit/lie on the edge, to perch; da-zi-pa (dazíppa) - bite along the edge, nip; di-zi-pa (dizíppa) - grasp or hold by the edge; ka-zi-pa (kazíppa) - chop, cut at the edge; kdi-zi-pa (kdizíppa) - hold, grasp edge of one's own; ki-di-zi-pa (kídizippa) - hold along the edge for someone; naⁿ-zi-pa (nązíppa) - walk along the edge of something; po-zi-pa (pózippa) - punch along the edge of something

► pa-kda (pákda) - cut along the edge of something ► pa-a-kda (páakdá) - I, pa-da-kda (pádakdá) - you

► cf. pa (pá) - by cutting with a knife; bi-kda (bikdá) - press out, push/blow loose; di-kda (dikdá) - undo, untie, pull loose; da-kda (dakdá) - undo with the mouth, teeth; ka-kda (kakdá) - sway; naⁿ-kda (nąkdá) - loosen; come undone, as a shoelace

cut and dry up

► ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk ► pa-a-ta-xe (páattaxe) - I, pa-da-ta-xe (pádattaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

cut apart

► pa-xoⁿ (páxǫ) - cut apart, disjoint ► pa-a-xoⁿ (páaxǫ) - I, pa-da-xoⁿ (pádaxǫ) - you

► cf. bi-xoⁿ (bixǫ́) - break, crush; da-xoⁿ (daxǫ́) - break by biting; di-xoⁿ (dixǫ́) - break, as a stick with the hands; ka-xoⁿ (kaxǫ́) - break something by hitting it; a-ka-xoⁿ (ákaxǫ) - break something by striking another object; po-xoⁿ (póxǫ) - shoot in two, break punching

► Dhegiha: ba-xoⁿ (bá-xoⁿ) - to cut a stick or log across the grain [FL-Osage]; ba-xoⁿ (báxoⁿ) - saw, cut across the grain [Kaw]

cut at something and miss

► pa-kʰiⁿ-te (pákʰįtte) - cut at something and miss it ► pa-a-kʰiⁿ-te (páakʰį́tte) - I, pa-da-kʰiⁿ-te (pádakʰį́tte) - you

► cf. ba-kʰiⁿ-te (bakʰį́tte) - miss, slip pushing something; di-kʰiⁿ-te (dikʰį́tte) - lose grip, slip over; bi-kʰiⁿ-te (bikʰį́tte) - rub a slippery surface; da-kʰiⁿ-te (dakʰį́tte) - bite at and miss, snap at; ka-kʰiⁿ-te (kakʰį́tte) - strike at and miss; kiⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (kkį́kkįtté) - slippery; naⁿ-kʰiⁿ-te (nąkʰį́tte) - kick at and miss, pass by; po-kʰiⁿ-te (pókʰįtte) - graze something while shooting

► Dhegiha: ba-kshiⁿ-dse (ba-kshíⁿ-dse) - to miss an object at which a thrust is made, to scrape a hide [FL-Osage]; wa-kshiⁿ-dse (wá-kshiⁿ-dse) - to miss hitting them [FL-Osage]; noⁿ-kshiⁿ-dse (noⁿ-kshíⁿ-dse) - barely missing an object in kicking at it [FL-Osage]; thi-kshiⁿ-dse (thi-kshíⁿ-dse) - failure to get a good grasp or hold [FL-Osage]; ka-kshiⁿ-tse (kakšį́ce) - miss a target, miss out on by arriving late [CQ-Osage]; thi-kshiⁿ-tse (ðikšį́ce) - miss, fail at, be incorrect at, not get right, drop, let slip, let slip away[CQ-Osage]; ba-khiⁿ-je (bakhíⁿje) - miss, slip with a spear, to fail in cutting an object with a knife [Kaw]

cut down

► ka-xa-da (kaxáda) - fell, cut down, knock down ► a-xa-da (áxada) - I, da-xa-da (dáxada) - you

► cf. bi-xa-da (bixáda) - cause to fall of own weight; di-xa-da (dixáda) - pull over, topple, flip; ta-xa-da (táxadá) - topple by burning, burn down; ta-xa-da-de (táxadadé) - topple by burning away base; naⁿ-xa-da (nąxadá) - kick over, topple with the foot; po-xa-da (póxada) - knock over punching, topple

cut fine

► pa-taⁿ-ha (páttąha) - cut up very fine, as tobacco ► pa-a-taⁿ-ha (páattąha) - I, pa-da-taⁿ-ha (pádattąha) - you

► cf. ba-taⁿ-ha (battą́ha) - pulverize; bi-taⁿ-ha (bittą́ha) - crush, pulverize; da-taⁿ-ha (dattą́ha) - chew very fine; di-taⁿ-ha (dittą́ha) - turn crank as on a handmill; wa-di-taⁿ-ha (wadíttąha) - cornmeal; wa-di-taⁿ-ha wa-ske (wadíttąha waské) - cornbread; ka-taⁿ-ha (kattą́ha) - pound, pulverize; naⁿ-taⁿ-ha (nąttą́ha) - crush with feet, trample to bits; po-taⁿ-ha (póttąha) - pulverize by punching/shooting; ta-taⁿ-ha (táttąha) - burn to ashes, burn up

cut in two

► ka-ba-xe (kabáγe) - cut (a cord) in two

► cf. we-ka-ba-xe (wékabáγe) - mower, grass cutter; ba-ba-xe (babáγe) - break by thrusting; da-ba-xe (dabáγe) - bite in two; di-ba-xe (dibáγe) - to break by pulling; naⁿ-ba-xe (nąbáγe) - break a cord with the feet; pa-ba-xe (pábaγe) - cut in two, as a cord; po-ba-xe (póbaγe) - shoot a rope, cord in two

► Dhegiha: ga-ba-xe (ga-bá-xe) - to break a string by striking with a stick [FL-Osage]

► pa-ba-xe (pábaγe) - cut in two, as a cord ► pa-a-ba-xe (páabáγe) - I, pa-da-ba-xe (pádabáγe) - you

► cf. ba-ba-xe (babáγe) - break by thrusting; da-ba-xe (dabáγe) - bite in two; di-ba-xe (dibáγe) - to break by pulling; naⁿ-ba-xe (nąbáγe) - break a cord with the feet; po-ba-xe (póbaγe) - shoot a rope, cord in two; ka-ba-xe (kabáγe) - cut (a cord) in two; we-ka-ba-xe (wékabáγe) - mower, grass cutter

► Dhegiha: ba-ba-xe (bá-ba-xe) - to cut a cord or a rope with a knife [FL-Osage]; ba-ba-ghe (babághe) - to break a cord, etc. with the point of a knife or stick pushed firmly against it, push apart [Kaw]

cut into

► ba-ste (basté) - cut into, gash ► pa-ste (ppáste) - I, shpa-ste (špáste) - you

► cf. bi-ste (bisté) - split, gash; da-ste (dasté) - split with teeth; di-ste (disté) - split, pull off string; o-di-ste (odíste) - split by pulling a knife through; ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split something; o-ka-ste (okáste) - split something by striking; naⁿ-ste (nąsté) - kick a gash in something; pa-ste (páste) - gash, cut with a knife blade; po-ste (póste) - graze shooting and gash; o-ste (oste) - crack, cracked, split; o-ste-ke (ostéke) - crack, split

► Dhegiha: ba-stse-ge (bá-stse-ge) - to gash the skin with a knife [FL-Osage]; pa-stse (pascé) - cut up, slice into strips or slices using a sharp edge [CQ-Osage]; ba-stse-ge (bascége) - slit, cut by pushing [Kaw]

cut into pieces

► ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up ► pa-to-we (ppáttowe) - I, shpa-to-we (špáttowe) - you

► cf. bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; di-to-we (dittówe) - plow, pulverize the soil; we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - a plow; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; ka-to-we de-de (kattówe déde) - throw at and shatter; naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something; pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces; po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it's own accord

► Dhegiha: a-ba-tu-be (ábatube) - crush, to crush on something by punching, pounding, or ramming [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-tu-be (bitúbe) - crumble, to make something crumble by weight or pressure, as an old log or stump [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-tu-be (gátube) - crumble [Omaha]; tha-tu-be (thátube) - crush with the teeth, chew [Omaha]; ba-ʰto-be (bá-ṭo-be) - to slice, to cut up [FL-Osage]; ga-ʰto-be (ga-ṭo-be) - to shatter, to pulverize [FL-Osage]; ba-to-be (batóbe) - grind, pound fine [Kaw]; yu-to-we (yutówe), yu-to-be (yutóbe) - plow, break virgin ground, to grind, grind up [Kaw]; i-yu-to-we (íyutowe), i-yu-to-be (íyutobe) - tear something up [Kaw]

► pa-to-we (páttowe) - cut into large pieces ► pa-a-to-we (páattowe) - I, pa-da-to-we (pádattówe) - you

► cf. ba-to-we (battówe) - break into pieces, cut up; bi-to-we (bittówe) - break, crumble into pieces; da-to-we (dattówe) - chew to pieces; di-to-we (dittówe) - plow, pulverize the soil; we-di-to-we (wédittówe) - a plow; ka-to-we (kattówe) - shatter, break in pieces; ka-to-we de-de (kattówe déde) - throw at and shatter; naⁿ-to-we (nąttówe) - step on or kick and break something; po-to-we (póttowe) - punch or shoot to pieces; to-wa-de (ttowáde) - crumble of it's own accord

► Dhegiha: a-ba-tu-be (ábatube) - crush, to crush on something by punching, pounding, or ramming [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-tu-be (bitúbe) - crumble, to make something crumble by weight or pressure, as an old log or stump [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-tu-be (gátube) - crumble [Omaha]; tha-tu-be (thátube) - crush with the teeth, chew [Omaha]; ba-ʰto-be (bá-ṭo-be) - to slice, to cut up [FL-Osage]; ga-ʰto-be (ga-ṭo-be) - to shatter, to pulverize [FL-Osage]; ba-to-be (batóbe) - grind, pound fine [Kaw]; yu-to-we (yutówe), yu-to-be (yutóbe) - plow, break virgin ground, to grind, grind up [Kaw]; i-yu-to-we (íyutowe), i-yu-to-be (íyutobe) - tear something up [Kaw]

cut into small pieces

► pa-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (pášǫšǫ) - cut into small pieces with knife ► pa-a-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (páašǫšǫ) - I, pa-da-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (pádašǫšǫ) - you

► cf. pa (pá) - by cutting with a knife; shoⁿ-shoⁿ (šǫ́šǫ) - round, spherical

cut lengthwise

► so i-he-de (só ihéde) - cut lengthwise ► a-so i-he-a-de (asó ihéade) - I, da-so i-he-da-de (dasó ihédade) - you; oⁿ-so i-he-oⁿ-da-we (ǫsó ihéǫdawe) - we

► cf. wa-so-so (wasóso) - cord

► Dhegiha: su (su) - to cut in strips [Omaha/Ponca]; su (çu) - to cut or make a slit in a hide [FL-Osage]; so (so) - cut a strip, as making in making a thong [Kaw]

cut meat from the bone

► a-pa-x’i (ápaxʔi) - cut meat from the bone

► cf. ka-x’i (kaxʔí) - scrape, as hair from a hide; a-da-x’i (ádaxʔi) - grating sound, make by gnawing on, as a rat gnawing on wood or metal

cut notches

► pa-ti-te (páttitte) - cut notches with a knife ► pa-a-ti-te (páattítte) - I, pa-da-ti-te (pádattítte) - you, pa-oⁿ-ti-te-we (Paǫ́ttittewe) - we

► cf. ti-te (ttítte) - notched; di-ti-te (dittitté) - tear notches, scallops in something; ka-ti-te (kattítte) - strike notches in something; pa-ti-te (páttitte) - cut notches with a knife

► di-shka-shka (diškáška) - cut notches or scallops ► bdi-shka-shka (bdíškaška) - I, ti-shka-shka (ttíškaška) - you

cut off

► pa-se (páse) - cut off with a knife ► pa-a-se (páase) - I, pa-da-se (pádase) - you

► Dhegiha: ba-se (bá-çe) - to cut hair, cord, or rope with a knife [FL-Osage]; pa-se (páse) - cut with a sharp edge [CQ-Osage]; pa-se (paasé) - cut up, cut into pieces, lit., ‘cut by pushing down’, cut off by using a pushing motion [CQ-Osage]; ba-se (báse) - slice, cut bread meat, etc. [Kaw]

cut off a piece

► ka-shpe (kašpé) - cut off, knock off a piece

► cf. i-ka-shpe (íkašpe) - break from weight; i-di-shpe (ídišpe) - break off, break out; o-shpe (ošpé) - fragment; zhoⁿ o-toⁿ o-shpe (žǫ́ ottǫ́ ošpé) - trees in a curvilinear clump

► Dhegiha: ga-shpe (ga-shpé) - bit, a small coin valued at 12 1/2 cents [FL-Osage]; ka-shpe (kašpé) - bit, portion of any item, twelve and a half cents [CQ-Osage]; ga-shpe (gashpé) - cut in two, cut loose from, cut, chip, or knock a piece off from, as with an ax [Kaw]

cut off all the hair, shave

► a-di-ski (ádiski) - cut off all the hair, shave ► a-bdi-ski (ábdiski) - I, a-ti-ski (áttiski) - you

► cf. ni-zhi-ha a-di-ski (nižíha ádiski) - shave the head, crop short; we-da-di-ski (wédadíski) - scissors; noⁿ-pe di-ski-ke (nǫpé diskíke) - clench the fist; di-ski-ke (diskíke) - clench, pack in the hands

cut off something of one’s own

► pa-ki-shta (pákkišta) - cut off something of one's own ► pa-a-ki-shta (páakkišta) - I, pa-da-ki-shta (pádakkišta) - you

► cf. pa-shte (pášte) - cut; ki (kki) - one’s own

cut one’s own

► ki-kda-shte (kkikdášte) - cut, gash one's own ► a-ki-kda-shte (akkíkdašté) - I, da-ki-kda-shte (dakkíkdašté) - you

► cf. pa-shte (pášte) - cut; ma-ze we-pa-shte (mozeh-wepaschtŭh) - knife, "iron with which to cut" (épée) [GI]; ka-shte (kašté) - gash, slit something striking it; i-ka-shte (íkašte) - gash, slit the skin with something; o-di-shte (odíšte) - saw, split by sawing; zhoⁿ di-shte (žǫ díšte) - plank, “split wood”; shte-ke (štéke) - split in two

cut short

► di-te-shka (dittešká), (dittéška) - shorten, cut short, saw off ► bdi-te-shka (bdítteška) - I, ti-te-shka (ttítteška) - you

► cf. te-shka (ttešká) - short, stubby; ma-ze te-shka (mazé ttéška) - pistol; bi-te-shka (bittešká) - press down, rub down; da-te-shka (dattešká) - bite off, shorten; ka-te-shka (kattešká) - shorten by chopping of; po-te-shka (pótteška) - shorten by shooting/punching; ta-te-shka (tátteška) - shorten by burning, burn off; ta-te-shka-de (tátteškade) - shorten by burning, burn off; pa-te-shka (pátteška) - cut short with a knife

► Dhegiha: te-shka (téshka) - short [Omaha/Ponca]

► pa-te-shka (pátteška) - cut short with a knife ► pa-a-te-shka (páattéška) - I, pa-da-te-shka (pádattéška) - you

► cf. te-shka (ttešká) - short, stubby; ma-ze te-shka (mazé ttéška) - pistol; bi-te-shka (bittešká) - press down, rub down; da-te-shka (dattešká) - bite off, shorten; di-te-shka (dittešká), (dittéška) - shorten, cut short, saw off; ka-te-shka (kattešká) - shorten by chopping of; po-te-shka (pótteška) - shorten by shooting/punching; ta-te-shka (tátteška) - shorten by burning, burn off; ta-te-shka-de (tátteškade) - shorten by burning, burn off

► Dhegiha: te-shka (téshka) - short [Omaha/Ponca]

cut the hair of the head short with scissors

► a-di-k’a-xe-hi (ádikʔáγehi) - cut the hair of the head short with scissors ► a-bdi-k’a-xe-hi (ábdikʔáγehi) - I, a-ti-k’a-xe-hi (áttikʔáγehi) - you

► cf. di-k’a-xe (dikʔáxe) - scratch superficially

cut to shreds

► ba-ste-ste (bastéste) - cut to shreds, stab repeatedly ► pa-ste-ste (ppásteste) - I, shpa-ste-ste (špásteste) - you

► cf. ba-ste (basté) - cut into, gash; bi-ste-ste (bistéste) - split repeatedly, shred; da-ste-ste (dásteste) - chew into slivers, v. split; di-ste-ste (distéste) - pull into shreds, slivers; ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to shreds/slivers; naⁿ-ste-ste (nąstéste) - kick or tread to pieces; pa-ste-ste (pásteste) - cut to slivers, split often; po-ste-ste (pósteste) - shoot or punch to slivers

► ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to shreds/slivers ► a-ste-ste (ásteste) - I, da-ste-ste (dásteste) - you

► cf. ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split something; ba-ste-ste (bastéste) - cut to shreds, stab repeatedly; bi-ste-ste (bistéste) - split repeatedly, shred; da-ste-ste (dásteste) - chew into slivers, v. split; di-ste-ste (distéste) - pull into shreds, slivers; naⁿ-ste-ste (nąstéste) - kick or tread to pieces; pa-ste-ste (pásteste) - cut to slivers, split often; po-ste-ste (pósteste) - shoot or punch to slivers

► Dhegiha: ga-stse-stse-ge (ga-stsé-stse-ge) - to gash the skin repeatedly [FL-Osage]; ga-stse-stse-ge (gascéscege) - gash the skin or split wood repeatedly [Kaw]

► ka-ste-ste-ye (kastésteye) - to have cut to shreds ► a-ste-ste-ye (ástesteye) - I, da-ste-ste-ye (dástesteye) - you

► cf. ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split something; ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to shreds/slivers; ye (ye), e (e) - past suffix, perfective aspect; ye (ye) - past, incl. all motion verbs

cut to shreds

► ba-za-za-te (bazázatte) - cut, stab to shreds ► pa-za-za-te (ppázazátte) - I, shpa-za-za-te (špázazátte) - you

► cf. bi-za-za-te (bizázatte) - split from pressure; da-za-za-te (dazázatte) - chew something to slivers; di-za-za-te (dizázatte) - pull to shreds; ka-za-za-te (kazázatte) - chop to pieces, slivers; naⁿ-za-za-te (nązázatte) - kick to pieces, splinters; pa-za-za-te (pázazátte) - split, shred, cut to splinters; po-za-za-te (pózazátte) - punch, shoot apart/to pieces

► pa-za-za-te (pázazátte) - split, shred, cut to splinters ► pa-a-za-za-te (páazazátte) - I, pa-da-za-za-te (pádazazátte) - you

► cf. ba-za-za-te (bazázatte) - cut, stab to shreds; bi-za-za-te (bizázatte) - split from pressure; da-za-za-te (dazázatte) - chew something to slivers; di-za-za-te (dizázatte) - pull to shreds; ka-za-za-te (kazázatte) - chop to pieces, slivers; naⁿ-za-za-te (nązázatte) - kick to pieces, splinters; po-za-za-te (pózazátte) - punch, shoot apart/to pieces

► Dhegiha: ba-za-za-be (bázazábe) - cut to slivers with a knife [Kaw]

► ka-za-za-te-ye (kazázatteyé) - to have cut to shreds ► a-za-za-te-ye (ázazatteye) - I, da-za-za-te-ye (dázazatteye) - you

► cf. ka-za-za-te (kazázatte) - chop to pieces, slivers; ye (ye), e (e) - past suffix, perfective aspect; ye (ye) - past, incl. all motion verbs; ba-za-za-te (bazázatte) - cut, stab to shreds; bi-za-za-te (bizázatte) - split from pressure; da-za-za-te (dazázatte) - chew something to slivers; di-za-za-te (dizázatte) - pull to shreds; naⁿ-za-za-te (nązázatte) - kick to pieces, splinters; pa-za-za-te (pázazátte) - split, shred, cut to splinters; po-za-za-te (pózazátte) - punch, shoot apart/to pieces

cut to slivers, split often

► pa-ste-ste (pásteste) - cut to slivers, split often ► pa-a-ste-ste (páastéste) - I, pa-da-ste-ste (pádastéste) - you

► cf. pa-ste (páste) - gash, cut with a knife blade; ba-ste-ste (bastéste) - cut to shreds, stab repeatedly; bi-ste-ste (bistéste) - split repeatedly, shred; da-ste-ste (dásteste) - chew into slivers, v. split; di-ste-ste (distéste) - pull into shreds, slivers; ka-ste-ste (kastéste) - cut or beat to shreds/slivers; naⁿ-ste-ste (nąstéste) - kick or tread to pieces; po-ste-ste (pósteste) - shoot or punch to slivers

► Dhegiha: ba-stse-stse-ge (bá-stse-stse-ge) - to cut skin or meat into many strips with a knife [FL-Osage]; ba-stse-stse-ge (báscescége) - gash the skin in many places using a blade [Kaw]

cut with scissors

► di-tiⁿ-na (dittį́na) - shear, cut with scissors ► bdi-tiⁿ-na (bdíttįna) - I, ti-tiⁿ-na (ttíttįna) - you

cut, cause to bleed

► ka-wa-paiⁿ (kawappaį́) - cut, slash and cause to bleed ► a-wa-paiⁿ (áwappaį) - I, da-wa-paiⁿ (dáwappaį) - you

► cf. ka (ka) - by striking, wind, water: inner instrumental prefix; wa-paiⁿ (wappaį́) - blood; ba-wa-paiⁿ (bawappaį́) - prick and cause to bleed; naⁿ-wa-paiⁿ (nąwappaį́) - bleed, cause by kicking; pa-wa-paiⁿ (páwappaį) - bleed someone with a knife; po-wa-paiⁿ (pówappaį́) - cause to bleed from a thrust

cut, cause to wither

► ka-ta-t’e (kattátʔe) - kill, cut off, cause to wither ► a-ta-t’e (áttatʔe) - I, da-ta-t’e (dáttatʔe) - you

► cf. t’e (tʔe) - die; ta-t’e (tátʔe) - withered from heat or cold; ba-ta-t’e (battátʔe) - kill, cause to wither; bi-ta-t’e (bittátʔe) - press to death; da-ta-t’e (datʰátʔe) - gnaw to death; di-ta-t’e (dittátʔe) - uproot a plant, pull up; naⁿ-ta-t’e (nąttátʔe) - trample to death; pa-ta-t’e (páttatʔe) - wither, cause by cutting; po-ta-t’e (póttatʔe) - kill vegetation by punching; ta-ta-t’e (táttatʔe) - wither from exposure to heat

► Dhegiha: ga-da-ts’e-ga (gadáts’ega) - wind to dry something a little, especially fresh meat which is hung up, by blowing on it [Kaw]; da-ʰts’e-ga (dá-ṭs’e-ga) - wilted, withered [FL-Osage]

► pa-ta-t’e (páttatʔe) - wither, cause by cutting ► pa-a-ta-t’e (páattatʔe) - I, pa-da-ta-t’e (pádattatʔe) - you

► cf. t’e (tʔe) - die; ta-t’e (tátʔe) - withered from heat or cold; ba-ta-t’e (battátʔe) - kill, cause to wither; bi-ta-t’e (bittátʔe) - press to death; da-ta-t’e (datʰátʔe) - gnaw to death; di-ta-t’e (dittátʔe) - uproot a plant, pull up; ka-ta-t’e (kattátʔe) - kill, cut off, cause to wither; naⁿ-ta-t’e (nąttátʔe) - trample to death; po-ta-t’e (póttatʔe) - kill vegetation by punching; ta-ta-t’e (táttatʔe) - wither from exposure to heat

► Dhegiha: ba-da-ts’e-ga (bádats’ega) - cause a tree or bush to wilt by cutting [Kaw]; da-ʰts’e-ga (dá-ṭs’e-ga) - wilted, withered [FL-Osage]

cut, dice into small pieces

► pa-shpa-shpa (pášpašpa) - dice, cut into small pieces ► pa-a-shpa-shpa (páašpášpa) - I, pa-da-shpa-shpa (pádašpášpa) - you

► cf. di-shpa-shpa (dišpášpa) - tear into pieces; zhoⁿ o-toⁿ o-shpa-shpa (žǫ́ ottǫ́ ošpášpa) - trees in scattered clumps; zhoⁿ o-toⁿ o-shpe (žǫ́ ottǫ́ ošpé) - trees in a curvilinear clump; i-ka-shpe (íkašpe) - break from weight; i-di-shpe (ídišpe) - break off, break out; ka-shpe (kašpé) - cut off, knock off a piece; o-shpe (ošpé) - fragment

► Dhegiha: shpa-shpa (shpashpa) - fragment [Omaha]; u-shpa-shpa (ushpáshpa) - piece, remnant [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-shpa-shpa (bá-shpa-shpa) - to cut an apple or potato into many pieces with a knife [FL-Osage]; ga-shpa-shpa (gashpáshpa) - chip off many pieces [Kaw]

cut, fail in cutting

► pa-iⁿ-zhi (páįži) - fail in cutting or sawing ► pa-a-iⁿ-zhi (páaį́ži) - I, pa-da-iⁿ-zhi (pádaį́ži) - you

► cf. ba-iⁿ-zhi (baį́ži) - fail or miss pushing at something; bi-iⁿ-zhi (biį́ži) - fail/miss pressing/blowing; da-iⁿ-zhi (daį́ži) - fail using the mouth, voice; di-iⁿ-zhi (díįži) - fail in pulling, rowing, etc.; ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži) - fail in throwing or striking; naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - fail in walking or with machine; ta-iⁿ-zhi (táįži), (ttáįži) - fail in cooking

► Dhegiha: ba-iⁿ-zhi (bá-iⁿ-zhi) - failure to cut because of a dull knife [FL-Osage]

cut, fail to cut

► pa-shnoⁿ-da (pášnǫda) - fail to cut something with a knife ► pa-a-shnoⁿ-da (páašnǫda) - I, pa-da-shnoⁿ-da (pádašnǫda) - you

► cf. ba-shnoⁿ-da (bašnǫ́da) - push at and fail or miss; bi-shnoⁿ-da (bišnǫ́da) - fail, miss applying pressure; da-shnoⁿ-da (dašnǫ́da) - slip in eating, talking, etc.; di-shnoⁿ-da (dišnǫ́da) - let slip, fumble something; ka-shnoⁿ-da (kašnǫ́da) - miss the mark striking at something; naⁿ-shnoⁿ-da (nąšnǫ́da) - lose one's footing, slip; po-shnoⁿ-da (póšnǫda) - miss a target shooting

► Dhegiha: zhnoⁿ (zhnoⁿ) - to miss, let fall [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-zhnoⁿ (thazhnóⁿ) - miss, misspeak, mispronounce, to miss with the mouth, to slip in putting something in the mouth, speaking, reading, or singing [Omaha/Ponca]

cut, gash

► pa-ste (páste) - gash, cut with a knife blade ► pa-a-ste (páaste) - I, pa-da-ste (pádaste) - you

► cf. ba-ste (basté) - cut into, gash; bi-ste (bisté) - split, gash; da-ste (dasté) - split with teeth; di-ste (disté) - split, pull off string; o-di-ste (odíste) - split by pulling a knife through; ka-ste (kasté) - gash, split something; o-ka-ste (okáste) - split something by striking; naⁿ-ste (nąsté) - kick a gash in something; po-ste (póste) - graze shooting and gash; o-ste (oste) - crack, cracked, split; o-ste-ke (ostéke) - crack, split

Dhegiha: ba-stse-ge (báscege) - gash the skin with a knife [Kaw]

cut, miss cutting

► pa-knoⁿ-da (páknǫda) - miss cutting something elusive ► pa-a-knoⁿ-da (páaknǫ́da) - I, pa-da-knoⁿ-da (pádaknǫ́da) - you

► cf. ba-knoⁿ-da (baknǫ́da) - miss when thrusting at; bi-knoⁿ-da (biknǫ́da) - miss, slip from under; da-knoⁿ-da (daknǫ́da) - snap at and miss; di-kdoⁿ-da (dikdǫ́da) - fumble, let slip, fail to hold; ka-knoⁿ-da (kaknǫ́da) - fail in hitting at something; naⁿ-knoⁿ-da (nąknǫ́da) - kick at and be evaded; po-knoⁿ-da (póknǫda) - miss in shooting or thrusting

► Dhegiha: bo-gthoⁿ-tha (bó-gthoⁿ-tha) - to miss any mark [FL-Osage]; bi-gthoⁿ-tha (bí-gthoⁿ-tha) - missing hold of a rabbit which is pressed to the ground [FL-Osage]; ba-laⁿ-ya (bálaⁿya) - fail cutting or sawing by missing the object, to make a mistake in cutting or sawing [Kaw]

cut, ruin by cutting

► pa-shi-ke pášike) - ruin by cutting with a knife ► pa-a-shi-ke (páašíke) - I, pa-da-shi-ke (pádašíke) - you

► cf. shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly; ba-shi-ke (bašiké) - ruin by poking a hole in; bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by pressing, squash; da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly; di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong; ka-shi-ke (kašíke) - spoil something by striking it; naⁿ-shi-ke (nąšíke) - spoil something by stepping on it; po-shi-ke (póšike) - spoil something by punching it; ta-shi-ke (tášíke) - ruin something by burning it

cut, scrape or grind while cutting

► pa-k’a-xe (pákʔaxe) - scrape or grind while cutting ► pa-a-k’a-xe (páakʔáxe) - I, pa-da-k’a-xe (pádakʔáxe) - you

► cf. ba-k’a-xe (bakʔáxe) - make scratching sound; bi-k’a-xe (bikʔáxe) - scratching sound by pressing; da-k’a-xe (dákʔaxé) - make grating sound; di-k’a-xe (dikʔáxe) - scratch superficially; ka-k’a-xe (kakʔáxe) - make a scraping sound; naⁿ-k’a-xe (nąkʔáxe) - grating sound, make with feet; po-k’a-xe (pókʔaxe) - grating sound from probing; da-k’a-k’a-xe (dakʔákʔaxe) - make gnawing sound; di-k’a-k’a-xe (dikʔákʔaxe) - scratching sounds, as a dog

► Dhegiha: ba-k’a-xe (bak’áxe) - scrape, to make a scraping sound by scraping with glass [Omaha/Ponca]; ba-k’a-ghe (bák’aghe) - make the grating sound, as in sawing through bone or metal [Kaw]

cut, slice on something

► a-ka (áka) - cut (slice) on something; slice meat into thin strips on something ► a-a-ka (áaka) - I, a-da-ka (ádaka) - you, oⁿ-ka-ka-we (ǫ́kakawe) - we

► Dhegiha: wa-ga (wága) - of a-ga (aga), to cut meat into slices [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ga (á-ga) - to slice meat for drying [FL-Osage]

cut, undercut

► pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá) - undercut, undermine ► pa-a-shoⁿ-da-da (páašǫ́dadá) - I, pa-da-shoⁿ-da-da (pádašǫ́dadá) - you

► cf. pa (pá) - by cutting with a knife; shoⁿ-da-da (šǫ́dada) - unsteady, insecure; ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize pushing at; bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady pressing; da-shoⁿ-da-da (dašǫ́dadá) - undermine; di-shoⁿ-da-da (dišǫ́dadá) - pull off balance; ka-shoⁿ-da-da (kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking, chopping; naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the foot; kick loose; po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) - make top heavy by thrusting at; ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) - top heavy, unsteady by burning

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿthá) - spilled, upset and spilled, tipped over and spilled [Omaha/Ponca]

► ka-shoⁿ-da-da (kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking, chopping ► a-shoⁿ-da-da (ášǫdada) - I, da-shoⁿ-da-da (dášǫdada) - you, oⁿ-ka-shoⁿ-da-da-we (ǫkášǫdadawe) - we

► cf. ka (ka) - by striking; shoⁿ-da-da (šǫ́dada) - unsteady, insecure; ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize pushing at; bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady pressing; da-shoⁿ-da-da (dašǫ́dadá) - undermine; di-shoⁿ-da-da (dišǫ́dadá) - pull off balance; naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the foot; kick loose; pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá) - undercut, undermine; po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) - make top heavy by thrusting at; ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) - top heavy, unsteady by burning

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿthá) - spilled, upset and spilled, tipped over and spilled [Omaha/Ponca]

cutter, grass cutter, mower

► we-ka-ba-xe (wékabáγe) - mower, grass cutter

► cf. we (we) - with which to; ka-ba-xe (kabáγe) - cut (a cord) in two; ba-ba-xe (babáγe) - break by thrusting; da-ba-xe (dabáγe) - bite in two; naⁿ-ba-xe (nąbáγe) - break a cord with the feet; pa-ba-xe (pábaγe) - cut in two, as a cord; po-ba-xe (póbaγe) - shoot a rope, cord in two

cutting sound

► di-kaⁿ (diką́) - hissing or cutting sound ► bdi-kaⁿ (bdíką) - I, ti-kaⁿ (ttíką) - you

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