Indian
► zho zhi-te (žožítte)
- Indian (recent term)
► zho zhi-te (žožítte)
- Indian [MS, AB, AG, OM]
► zho zhi-te (jŭ-gitteh)
- Indian (indien) [GI]
►
cf. zho (žo) - flesh, meat; zhi-te (žítte)
- red; zho do-ka-niⁿ hi (žó dokkánį hí) - naked, nude;
zho-i-ka (žoíka) - body, self; zho-ka-te (žókkatte)
- fever, to have a fever; i-ha-zho (íhažó) - lip
►
ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta zho-zhi-te e-naⁿ o-zha-wi koⁿ-bda (waǰíni
kdé tta žožítte éną óžawi kkǫbdá) - you white people go home
and us Indians dance all night (when the white people go home, I
want just us Indians to dance) [MS]
►
Dhegiha: ni-ka zhi-de (níkazhide) - red people
[Omaha]; ni-ka-shiⁿ-ga xiⁿ ha zhi-de (nikashiⁿga xiⁿ ha zhide)
- red skinned people [Omaha]; ni-ʰka zhu-dse (ní-ḳa zhu-dse)
- Indian, red man [FL-Osage]; ni-ʰka zhu-tse (níʰka žúuce)
- Indian, Indians, lit., “red man”, “red people” [CQ-Osage];
ni-ka zhu-je (níka zhùje) - red man, Indian, seemingly a
modern compound, suggesting that this is a translation of the term
“red man” that white men used in reference to Indians [Kaw]
Indian agent
►
wa-jhi-ni ka-hi-ke (waǰíni kahike) - President; Indian
agent
►
wa-jhi-ni ga-hi-ge (waǰíni gahíge) - President, Indian
Agent [OM]
►
cf. wa-jhi-ni (waǰíni) - white people, white man,
white race [MS, MR, OM]; ka-hi-ke (kahíke),
ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - chief; i-ti-kaⁿ-da-we (ittíkądáwe)
- President of the U.S., “they have him as a grandfather”
►
Dhegiha: i-tha-di-tha i (i¢ádi¢aí) - agent
[JOD-Omaha]; i-tha-ti-di-tha zhiⁿ-ga (ithatiditha zhiⁿga)
- Indian agent [Omaha]; moⁿ-hiⁿ ʰtoⁿ-ga ga-hi-ge (móⁿ-hiⁿ
ṭoⁿ-ga ga-hi-ge) - Indian agent, (knife-big-chief)
[FL-Osage]; maⁿ-hiⁿ ʰtaⁿ (mą́ąhį ʰtą́ą), maⁿ-hiⁿ
ʰtaⁿ-ka (máąhį ʰtą́ka) - superintendant as of the Osage
Agency, officer or other white person of rank, the government, lit.,
“big knife”, white person (archaic or rare) [CQ-Osage];
wa-gi-hi-ge (wágihíge) - chief, ruler, Indian agent [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: i-ti-gaⁿ-tha-i (iʇígaⁿ¢aí) - grandfather,
president [JOD-Omaha]; ʰtsi-go a-bi wa-ʰtoⁿ-ga (ṭsí-go a-bi
wa-ṭoⁿ-ga) - grandfather to all, this is the Osage term for
President of the United States [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtsi-ko-a-pi
(iʰcíkoapí) - president of the United States, lit.,
“grandfather of all” [CQ-Osage]; i-tsi-go-ya-be (icígoyábe)
- Washington, the President, wi-tsi-go-ya-be (wicígoyábe)
- possessive form, lit. “we have him as our grandfather”, this may
also refer to “the Secretary of the Interior, the Commissioner of
Indian Affairs, etc.” the head of any agency that had authority over
the Kaw [Kaw]
Indian doctor
►
ni-ka xo-we (níkka xówe) - shaman, Indian doctor,
priest
►
cf. ni-ka (níkka) - man; xo-we (xówe) -
sacred, holy
►
Dhegiha: ni-ka-shiⁿ-ga xu-be (ní-ka-ciⁿ-ga qu-bé) - a
mysterious person, prob. answering to popular “medicine man” of
white writers [JOD-Omaha]; ni-ʰka xo-be (ní-ḳa xo-be)
- the holy man [FL-Osage]
Indians, Caddo
►
so-de (sóde), su-de (súde) - Caddo
Indians
►
su-de (súd¢ĕ) - Kwapa name for the Caddo
Indians [JOD]
►
su-de (sŭdeh) - Caddo Indians (cadeau) [GI]
►
Dhegiha: pa-thiⁿ wa-sa-be (pathiⁿ waçabe) - Caddo
Tribe [Omaha]; hiⁿ-sha (hiⁿ-sha) - Caddo Indians
[FL-Osage]; hiⁿ-sha (hįįšá) - Caddo tribe or tribal
member [CQ-Osage]; hi-sha (hishá) - Caddo tribe or
people, they dwell south of the Osage and near the Wichitas [Kaw]
Indians, Cherokee
►
sha-da-ki (šadákki), sha-da-ke (šadákke)
- Cherokee
►
sha-da-ki (šadákki) - Cherokee Indians [OM]
►
sha-da-ki (ca-d¢á-ki) - Kwapa name for the
Cherokee Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: che-thu-ki (ché-thu-ki) - Cherokee [Omaha];
sha-la-ki (šálaki), sha-ke (šaáke) -
Cherokee tribe, or tribal member [CQ-Osage]; sha-ya-ki
(shayáki), tse-le-ki (celekí) - Cherokee tribe
[Kaw]
Indians, Cheyenne
►
sha-haⁿ (ca-haⁿ́) - Kwapa name for the Cheyenne
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: sha hi-e-the (sha híethe) - Cheyenne Tribe
[Omaha]; ʰta-tse o-maⁿ-i (ʰtáaceomą́i) - Cheyenne
tribe ot tribal member [CQ-Osage]; sha-hi (shahí), sha-ya-niⁿ
(shayániⁿ), sha-ya-ni (shayáni) - Cheyenne; Cheyenne tribe
or people [Kaw]
Indians, Chickasaw
►
ti-ka-zha (ti-ká-jă) - Kwapa name for the Chickasaw
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: ʰtsi-ge-shi (ṭsí-ge-shi) - the Osage name for
the Chickasaw Tribe [FL-Osage]; tsi-ka-sa (cíkasa) -
Chickasaw tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Choctaw
►
ta-xta (tá-qta) - Kwapa name for the Choctaw Indians
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: tsa-ta (catá) - Choctaw tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Comanche
►
pa to-ka (pá-tu-kă) - Kwapa name for the Comanche
Indians [JOD]
►
cf. pa (ppa) - nose; to-ka (tókka) - wet
►
Dhegiha: pa doⁿ-ka (pádoⁿka) - Comanche, Paducah
[Omaha/Ponca]; pa duⁿ-ka (páduⁿka) - Comanche Tribe
[Omaha]; ʰpa doⁿ-ʰka (p̣á-doⁿ-ḳa) - the Osage name for
the Comanche Tribe [FL-Osage]; ʰpa to-ʰka (ʰpá tóoʰka)
- Comanche tribe or tribal member, Kiowa tribe or tribal member,
lit., “wet noses, ‘dew on the head” [CQ-Osage]; pa do-ka
(pádoka) - Comanches or ‘Padocah’, ‘Paducah’ Indians, tribe
or people [Kaw]
Indians, Creek
►
ma-shko-ki (maškóki) - Creek Indians [MS]
►
ma-shko-ki (mo-ckó-k͓i) - Kwapa name for the Creek or
Muskoki Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: moⁿ-shko-ge (moⁿ-shkó-ge) - the Osage name
for the Creek Tribe of Indians [FL-Osage]; mu-sko-ke (muskóke)
- Creek Indians [CQ-Osage]; moⁿ-shko-ge (moⁿshkóge) -
Creek tribe, Muskogee [Kaw]
Indians, Delaware
►
wa-paⁿ-da-kya (wá-paⁿ-d¢a-kyǎ) - Kwapa name
for the Delaware Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: wa-ba-ni-ʰki (wá-ba-ni-ḳi) - the Osage name
for the Delaware Tribe [FL-Osage]; wa-ba-ni-ʰka ga-xa
(wá-ba-ni-ḳa ga-xa) - the name given Delaware Creek, Okla.,
by the Osage [FL-Osage]; wa-pa ni-ʰka (wápa níʰka) -
Delaware tribe or tribal member [CQ-Osage]; wa-ba-ni-ke
(wábaníke) - Delaware tribe and people, the Abenaki [Kaw]
Indians, Ho-chunk, Winnebago
►
ho taⁿ-ka (hú-tañ-k͓a) - Kwapa name for the Winnebago
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: hu toⁿ-ga (hútoⁿga) - Winnebago, Hocank, the
Winnebagos or Hocank tribe [Omaha/Ponca]; hu toⁿ-ga (hútoⁿga)
- Winnebago Indian [Omaha]; ho ʰtoⁿ-ga (hó-ṭoⁿ-ga),
hu ʰtoⁿ-ga (hú-ṭoⁿ-ga) - Winnebago Tribe [FL-Osage];
ho-ʰtaⁿ-ka (hóʰtąka) - Winnebago (Hochunk) tribe or
tribal member [CQ-Osage]; ho taⁿ-ga (hótaⁿga) -
Hochank, also known as Winnebago: tribe or person, these are related
to the Dhegiha (Kansa, Omaha, Ponca, Osage, Quapaw), the Chiwere
(Ioway, Otoe, Missouria, and including Winnebago/Hochank) and the
Dakotan (Lakota, Dakota, Assiniboine, Stoney), it is also a name
used by the Assiniboine and the Hochank in reference to themselves,
where it is interpreted as “big voice,” “loud voice,” or “rough
voice” [Kaw]
Indians, Iowa
►
pa-xo-te (páqutĕ) - Kwapa name for the Iowa Indians
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: ma-qu-de (máqude) - the Iowa tribe, an Iowa
person [Omaha/Ponca]; ma-xu-de (máxude) - Iowa Tribe,
corruption of “paxude” grey head [Omaha]; ʰpá-xo-dse
(p̣á-xo-dse), ba-xo-dse (bá-xo-dse) - the Osage name for the
Iowa Indians [FL-Osage]; pa-xo-tse (páxoce) - Ioway or
Iowa Indians, a tribe living in Nebraska, Kansas and Oklahoma and in
earlier days Iowa, lit., “gray snow” [CQ-Osage]; pa-xo-je
(páxoje), pa-xo-tse (páxoce) - Ioway tribe;
Ioway person or people, a tribe of the Chiwere group, the other
tribes being the Otoe and Missoria. They were the ancient allies of
the Ponca and Omaha, to whom they are related [Kaw]
Indians, Kaw
►
kaⁿ-se (kańse), (káñsĕ)
- Kwapa name for the Kansa Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: koⁿ-ze (koⁿçe) - Kansa Tribe, Kaw Tribe
[Omaha]; ʰkoⁿ-ze (ḳóⁿ-çe) - Kaw Indians [FL-Osage];
ʰkaⁿ-ze (ʰką́ąze) - Kaw, Kansa tribe or tribal member
[CQ-Osage]; kaⁿ-ze (kaáⁿze) - Kansa tribe, clan, the
Kaws, a Kaw person [Kaw]
Indians, Kickapoo
►
ki-ka-po (k͓ik͓ápu) - Kwapa name for the Kickapoo
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: hi-ga-bu (hígabu) - Kickapoo Tribe [Omaha];
i-ʰka-ʰpu (í-ḳa-p̣u), i-ga-bu (í-ga-bu)
- a Kickapoo Indian, Kickapoo Indian [FL-Osage]; ki-ʰka-po (kiʰkápo)
- Kickapoo Indians [CQ-Osage]; ki-ka-bu (kikábu), ki-gha-bo (kighábo)
- Kickapoo tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Miami
►
ma-me (mä́-mĕ) - Kwapa name for the Miami Indians
[JOD]
Indians, Modoc
►
maⁿ-ta (maⁿ́t͓a) - Kwapa name for the Modoc Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: maⁿ-to-we (máⁿtowe) - a tribe living east of
the Kaws in Indian Territory, their hair was short, reaching a
little below the ears [Kaw]
Indians, Nez Perce
►
i-na-shpe (ínacpĕ) - Kwapa name for the Nez Percé
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: pe-ga zuⁿ-de (pega çuⁿde) - Nez Perce Tribe
[Omaha]; ʰpe-ga zoⁿ-de (p̣e-gá-çon-de) - the Nez Percé
Tribe [FL-Osage]; ʰpe-ga zoⁿ-dse (p̣e-gá-çoⁿ-dse), ʰpe-ga zoⁿ-dsi
(p̣e-ga çoⁿ-dsi) - Crow Tribe, so called by the Osage
Indians [FL-Osage]; pe-ga-zaⁿ-je (pegázaⁿje), pe-ga zaⁿ-de (pegázaⁿde)
- Nez Perce or Sahaptin tribe or people, lit. “hair in braids over
the forehead” [Kaw]
Indians, Osage
►
wa-zha-zhe (wažáže) - Osage
►
wa-zha-zhe (wažáže) - Osage Indians [MS]
►
wa-zha-zhe (wajáje) - Kwapa name for the Osage Indians
[JOD]
►
wa-sha-zhi (wašáži) - Osage Indians [OM)]
►
Dhegiha: wa-zha-zhe (wazhazhe) - an Osage, the Osage
Tribe, the Osages, they belong with the K͓aⁿze, Ugaqpa, Umaⁿhaⁿ, and
Pañka, to the ¢egiha group of the Siouan Family [Omaha];
wa-zha-zhe (wa-zhá-zhe) - name of the Osage Tribe, corrupted
by the French to Osage [FL-Osage]; wa-zha-zhe (wažáže)
- Osage [CQ-Osage]; wa-zha-zhe (wazházhe) - Osage
tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Otoe-Missouria
►
wa-zho-xda (wajúqd¢ă) - Kwapa name for the
Missouria and perhaps the Otoe Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: wa-zho-xtha (wa-zhó-xtha) - Oto Tribe
[FL-Osage]; wa-zho-la (wažóla) - Oto tribe or tribal
member [CQ-Osage]; wa-zho-xla (wazhóxla),
wa-sho-xla (washóxla) - Otoe tribe or people [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: wa-thu-ta-da (wathútada) - Oto Tribe [Omaha];
wa-do-ta-ta (wadótata), wa-do-ta-aⁿ (wadótadaⁿ) - Otoe
tribe or people, according to MR, this is a synonym for washóxla
[Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: ni u-ta-chi (niútachi) - Missouri Tribe
[Omaha]; ni-sho-je (nishóje) - Missouri tribe or
people, the Missouri people call themselves Niót’a Ci,
but the early French travelers called them Emissourites, Missourites,
and Missouris [Kaw]
Indians, Ottawa
►
ta-wa (tá-wa) - Kwapa name for the Ottawa Indians
[JOD]
Indians, Pawnee
►
pa-ni-ma-ha (ppanimáha) - Pawnee
►
pa-ni-ma-ha (ppanimáha) - Pawnee Indians [MS]
►
pa-ni-ma-ha (pánimaha) - kwapa name for the Pawnee
Indians, very probably this name refers to the Skidi alone [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: pa-thiⁿ-ma-hoⁿ (páthiⁿmáhoⁿ) - Skidi or
Pawnee Loups, a tribe of the Pawnees [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰpa-iⁿ
moⁿ-hoⁿ (p̣a-iⁿ moⁿ-hoⁿ) - the Osage name for a band of the
Pawnees known as Shki-thi [FL-Osage]; ʰpa-thiⁿ-moⁿ-hoⁿ
(p̣á-thiⁿ-moⁿ-hoⁿ) - the Osage name for the Pawnee Indians
[FL-Osage]; ʰpa-thi-ma-ha (ʰpaðímaha),
ʰpaiⁿ-ma-ha (ʰpáįmaha) - Pawnee Indians [CQ-Osage];
pa-yiⁿ-ma-haⁿ (páyiⁿmáhaⁿ) - Skidi Pawnee, Pawnee Loup [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: pa-thiⁿ (páthiⁿ) - Pawnee; the Pawnees
[Omaha/Ponca]; pa-thiⁿ (páthiⁿ) - Pawnee Tribe
[Omaha]; ʰpa-iⁿ (p̣a-iⁿ) - the Osage name for the
Pawnee Tribe [FL-Osage]; ʰpa-thiⁿ (p̣á-thiⁿ) - a
general term for tribes not related to the Osage [FL-Osage];
ʰpa-thiⁿ (ʰpáðį), ʰpaiⁿ (ʰpáį) - western tribe
or tribal member, refers to any tribe from the western United
States, Pawnee tribe or tribal member, Kiowa tribe or tribal member
[CQ-Osage]; pa-yiⁿ (páyiⁿ) - Pawnee [Kaw]
Indians, Peoria
►
i-to-ka (í-t͓u-ka) - Kwapa name for the Peoria Indians
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: tho-thoⁿ (thó-thoⁿ) - Peoria Indian Tribe [FL-Osage]
Indians, Ponca
►
poⁿ-ka (pǫ́ka) - Ponca Indians [MS]
►
poⁿ-ka (pōⁿ́-ka), (pañ′-kă) - Kwapa name
for the Ponka Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: poⁿ-ka (póⁿka) - Ponca, a Ponca person
[Omaha/Ponca]; poⁿ-ka (poⁿça) - Ponca Tribe [Omaha];
ʰpoⁿ-ʰka (p̣oⁿ′-ḳa) - Ponca Tribe [FL-Osage];
ʰpoⁿ-ʰka (ʰpǫ́ʰka) - Ponca Tribe or tribal member
[CQ-Osage]; paⁿ-ka (páⁿka) - Ponca tribe or people
[Kaw]
Indians, Potawatomi
►
wa-ho-wa-ha (wahúwahá) - Kwapa name for the
Pottawatami Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: wa-hi u-tha-xa (wahi uthaxa) - Potawatomi
Tribe [Omaha]; wa-ho-wa-ha (wahówahá) - Potawatomi
tribe or tribal member [CQ-Osage]; wa-hi o-ya-ha (wáhióyaha)
- Potawatomi tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Quapaw
►
o-ka-xpa (okáxpa), o-ga-xpa (ogáxpa) - Quapaw [MS, AB,
OM]
►
o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw, people who
went downstream, Quapaw gens (clan) of the same tribe, Dwelt on
right side of tribal circle
►
o-ka-xpa (o ̇GáxBa) - Quapaw [person or tribe] [FS]
►
cf. o-ka-xpa-de (okáxpade) - knock off, cause to fall
off; o-ka-xpa i-de (okáxpa idé) - south, wind or
quarter, conveys idea of going downstream; o-ka-xpa-ki-de
(okáxpakkíde) - be adopted as a Quapaw; o-ka-xpa-xti
(okáxpaxti) - town name: “Real Quapaws”, one of the 5
villages; spelled Kappa, Cappa, Cappaha, etc.
►
Dhegiha: u-ga-xpa (ugaxpa) - Quapaw Tribe [Omaha];
u-ga-xpa ga-xa (u-gá-xpa ga-xa) - Quapaw Creek, Okla
[FL-Osage]; o-ka-xpa (okáxpa) - Quapaw Indians
[CQ-Osage]; o-ga-xpa (ogáxpa) - Quapaw tribe or
people, “The down-stream people,” so called because their ancestors
went down the Mississippi, while the Omahas, Ponca, Osages, and
Kansa, went up that stream, after leaving the mouth of the Ohio
(River). The Ogáxpa or Kwapas have been called Shappas, Shapahas,
Kapahas, Quappas, Quapaws, etc. They were also known in early
colonial days as the Akansa or Arkansa [Kaw]
Indians, Sac & Fox
►
sa-ki-a (sá-ki-á) - Kwapa name for the Sac and Fox
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: za-ge (záge) - the Sak, or Sauk tribe
[Omaha/Ponca]; za-ge (çáge) - Sauk Tribe [Omaha];
sa-ge-wa (ça-gé-wa) - Sac and Fox, this term is used when
speaking of these tribes by the Osage, Sac Indians, Fox Indians
[FL-Osage]; sa-ki-wa (sakíwa), sa-ki-wo (sakíwo),
sa-ki ho (sakí ho) - Sac and Fox tribe or tribal
member, lit., “making it tight” [CQ-Osage]
Indians, Seminole
►
si-mi-no-ni (sí-mi-nó-ni) - Kwapa name for the
Seminole Indians [JOD]
Indians, Seneca-Cayuga
►
si-ni-ke (siník͓e) - Kwapa name for the Senecas and
Cayugas in Indian Terr. The Kwapa name is identical in sound with si
nik͓e, wanting a foot [JOD]
Indians, Shawnee
►
sha-waⁿ-naⁿ (šawą́ną) - Shawnee
►
sha-waⁿ-naⁿ (šawą́ną) - Shawnee, Shawnee Tribe [OM]
►
sha-wa-na (ca-wá-na) - Kwapa name for the Shawnee
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: sha-wa-na (shah-wah-nah) - Shawnee tribe or
tribal member [CQ-Osage]; sha-wa-niⁿ (šáwanįį) -
Shawnee tribe or tribal member [CQ-Osage]; sha-wa-ne (sháwane)
- Shawnee tribe or people [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: zhoⁿ-ni (zhoⁿ-ní) - Shawnee Tribe [FL-Osage];
shoⁿ-niⁿ (shoⁿníⁿ) - Shawnee tribe or people [Kaw]
Indians, Sioux
►
su (su) - Kwapa name for the Dakota Indians, formed
from “Sioux” [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: shauⁿ (shauⁿ) - Sioux Tribe [Omaha];
ʰpa-ba-wa-xoⁿ (p̣á-ba-wa-xoⁿ) - Sioux Indian, the Osage name
for the Sioux Tribe of Indians, it means Head-Cutters [FL-Osage];
ʰpa-pa-xoⁿ (ʰpápaxǫ) - Sioux tribe or tribal member,
cutthroats, lit., “nose cutter”, “head cutter”, nose cutter,
personal name for a second son [CQ-Osage]; sha-haⁿ (shaháⁿ)
- Dakota, Dakota tribe or people; Sioux, these form a group which is
related to the Dhegiha as well as to the Chiwere. See Paⁿka (Ponca)
and Paxoje (Ioway), the term, “Sioux” includes the Lakota, also
called Teton Sioux [Kaw]
Indians, Tonkawa
►
taⁿ-ka-wa (tañ́kawă) - Kwapa name for the Tonkaway
(Tonkawa) Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: ni-ka tha-te (nikathate) - Tonkawa Tribe
[Omaha]; wa-tha-hni (wa-thá-hni) - Tonkawa Tribe, a
devourer, swallower [FL-Osage]; wa-tha-ni (waðánii) -
Tonkawa tribe or tribal member [CQ-Osage]
Indians, Towakarehu
►
ta-ho-ka-ni (tahúkaní) - Kwapa name for the
Towakarehu, a clan of the Wichita Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: tu-ka-tha (tu-ká-¢a) - the name of some
Indians dwelling near the Wichitas, whose language they speak:
probably the To-wa-ka-re-hu, a Wichita gens [JOD-Omaha];
to-la-le (tókale) - Towakarahu, a Wichita clan [Kaw]
Indians, Waco
►
wi-ko (wí-ku) - Kwapa name for the Waco Indians, a
clan of the Wichita [JOD]
Indians, Wichita
►
wi-si-ta (wísită) - Kwapa name for the Wichita Indians
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: wi-chi-ta (wichita) - Wichita Tribe [Omaha];
wi-tsi-ʰta (wí-tsi-ṭa) - a Wichita, Wichitas, Wichita
tribe of Indians [FL-Osage]; wi-tsi-ʰta (wíciʰta) -
Wichita tribe or tribal member [CQ-Osage]; mi-tsi-ta (mítsitá)
- Wichita people or tribe [Kaw]
Indians, Winnebago, Ho-chunk
►
ho taⁿ-ka (hú-tañ-k͓a) - Kwapa name for the Winnebago
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: hu toⁿ-ga (hútoⁿga) - Winnebago, Hocank, the
Winnebagos or Hocank tribe [Omaha/Ponca]; hu toⁿ-ga (hútoⁿga)
- Winnebago Indian [Omaha]; ho ʰtoⁿ-ga (hó-ṭoⁿ-ga),
hu ʰtoⁿ-ga (hú-ṭoⁿ-ga) - Winnebago Tribe [FL-Osage];
ho-ʰtaⁿ-ka (hóʰtąka) - Winnebago (Hochunk) tribe or
tribal member [CQ-Osage]; ho taⁿ-ga (hótaⁿga) -
Hochank, also known as Winnebago: tribe or person, these are related
to the Dhegiha (Kansa, Omaha, Ponca, Osage, Quapaw), the Chiwere
(Ioway, Otoe, Missouria, and including Winnebago/Hochank) and the
Dakotan (Lakota, Dakota, Assiniboine, Stoney), it is also a name
used by the Assiniboine and the Hochank in reference to themselves,
where it is interpreted as “big voice,” “loud voice,” or “rough
voice” [Kaw]
Indians, Wyandotte
►
waiⁿ-ta (waiń-t͓ă) - Kwapa name for the Wyandot
Indians [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: woⁿ-da (wóⁿ-da) - Wyandotte [FL-Osage]
indicates wrong act
►
niⁿ de (nį dé) - indicates wrong act
►
cf. niⁿ-kʰe de (nįkʰe dé) - impermissive, done without
permission
indigestion
►
i-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ikią́škiká) - indigestion, gastric
discomfort
► aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka
(ąną́kią́škiká) - I, i-di-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ídikią́škiká)
- you
►
cf. ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (kią́škika) - feel uncomfortable
inside
indirectly, not even second hand
►
a-ki-kde-kde (ákkikdekde) - indirectly, not even
second hand
►
cf. a-ki-kde-kde (ákkikdekde) - one after another in
quick succession, e.g. shots, events; a-ki-kde-kde ki-te
(ákkikdekde kkítte) - to shoot at in quick succession; fire
a volley
►
ex: a-ki-kde-kde a-na-x’oⁿ (ákkikdekde anáxʔǫ) - I
heard it indirectly
indistinct or distant color
►
saⁿ (są) - white in the distance
►
cf. saⁿ-haⁿ (są́hą) - white in the distance;
ska
(ska) - white, white nearby
►
ex: xi-da pa saⁿ (xidá ppa są́) - bald eagle
►
ex: zhoⁿ saⁿ (žǫ́ są) - sycamore, Platanus occidental
►
Dhegiha: soⁿ (çoⁿ) - pale [Omaha]; soⁿ-the
(sóⁿthe) - cleanse, whiten, whitewash [Omaha/Ponca];
soⁿ-hoⁿ (çóⁿ-hoⁿ) - resembling white, whitened animal skins
[FL-Osage]; saⁿ-haⁿ (sáⁿhaⁿ) - whitish, grayish [Kaw]
► saⁿ-haⁿ (są́hą) -
white in the distance
► saⁿ-haⁿ (są́hą) -
whitish, grayish [JOD]
►
cf. saⁿ (są) - white in the distance;
ska (ska)
- white, white nearby
►
ex: ma-xe o-ta-saⁿ-haⁿ (maγe ottasąhą)
- aurora
►
ex: to soⁿ-ha (tu soⁿho) - pale green [JOD]
►
ex: tu sa-ho (tu sá-ho) - pale green [OM]
►
ex: zhi-te saⁿ-haⁿ (žítte sąhą́) - scarlet, pink
►
ex: zhi-te saⁿ-haⁿ (žítte sąhą́) - pink [OM)]
►
ex: o-xda-ti siⁿ-te saⁿ-haⁿ i-da-de i-de (oxdátti sį́tte są́hą
idáda idé) - he (rabbit) departed, his whitish tail being
seen/showing off and on in the brush [JOD]
►
ex: haⁿ-ba saⁿ-haⁿ ti-he hą́ba są́hą tihé) - dawn,
daybreak [JOD]
►
ex: haⁿ-ba saⁿ-haⁿ ti-he taⁿ (hą́ba są́hą tihé tą) -
when it is daybreak [JOD]
►
ex: haⁿ-ba i-ta-xe saⁿ-haⁿ (hą́pa įttáγe są́hą) -
daybreak, lit. “tip of daylight”
►
Dhegiha: soⁿ (çoⁿ) - pale [Omaha]; soⁿ-the
(sóⁿthe) - cleanse, whiten, whitewash [Omaha/Ponca];
soⁿ-hoⁿ (çóⁿ-hoⁿ) - resembling white, whitened animal skins
[FL-Osage]; saⁿ-haⁿ (sáⁿhaⁿ) - whitish, grayish [Kaw]
► sha (ša) - dark,
indistinct black
►
cf. sha-pe (šápe) - black, distant or indistinct;
sha-we (šawe) - dark; sa (sa) - black,
black that is near, distinct
►
ex: i-shta o-sha (ištá oša), i-shto-sha (ištóša)
- pupil of the eye, “dark part in the eye”
►
ex: i-shta-xi sha (ištáxi šá) - African American,
negro, “dark Frenchman” [MS, MR]
►
ex: ma-kaⁿ sha (makką́ša) - coffee, “dark medicine”
[MS, AB, MR, AG, OM]
►
ex: pi-de sha hi (ppíde šá hi) - white oak, named for
the color of its acorns
►
ex: ta siⁿ-te sha (tta sįtté šá) - black tailed deer
►
ex: wa-sha (wašá) - black mole (on the skin) [MS]
►
ex: zhaⁿ sha (žą šá), zhoⁿ sha (žǫšá) -
black oak, Q. velutina
►
sha-pe (šápe) - black, distant or indistinct
►
cf. sha (ša) - dark, indistinct black; sha-we
(šawe) - dark; sa (sa) - black, black that is
near, distinct
►
Dhegiha: sha-be (shábe) - dark [Omaha/Ponca];
sha-be (shabe) - dark [Omaha]; sha-be (shá-be)
- dark in color [FL-Osage]; sha-pe (šápe) - dark in
color, shaded, darkened [CQ-Osage]; sha-be (shábe) -
dark, a distant black, brown [Kaw]
infant
►
shi-zhi-ka (šižíkka) - baby
►
shi-zhi-ka (šižíka) - baby [AG]
►
shi-zhiⁿ-ka (schehjinka) - baby, child (enfant) [GI]
►
shi-zhiⁿ-ka (ši˙žį́Ga) - baby, child [FV]
►
shi-shi-ka (ši˙ší˙Ga) - baby, child [VG]
►
shi-zhi-ka (šižíka) - baby, boy
►
shi-zhi-k’a (šížikʔá) - baby
►
ex: shi-zhi-ka a-ki-toⁿ-wa (šížika ákkittǫwá) - take
great care of the infant!
►
ex: shi-zhi-ka a-ka-kaⁿ (šižíka ákakką) - baby powder
[MS]
►
ex: shi-zhi-ka i-ta-de kʰe (šižíka íttade kʰé) - that
baby was born [MS]
►
ex: jhi-e shi-zhi-ka a-tiⁿ ni-she (jhíe šižíkka attį́ nišé)
- do you have any children? [AG]
►
ex: shi-zhi-ka zho-hi hi (šižíka žóhi hi) - family, a
lot of children [MS]
►
ex: ni-ka-shi-ka wa-x′o kai i-kʰe shi-zhi-ka (níkkašíka
waxʔó kaikʰé šižíkka) - men, women, and the children [AG]
►
Dhegiha: shiⁿ-ga zhiⁿ-ga (shíⁿgazhíⁿga) - baby, child,
infant [Omaha/Ponca]; shiⁿ-ga zhiⁿ-ga (shiⁿga zhiⁿga)
- child, baby, infant, children [Omaha]; zhiⁿ-ga zhiⁿ-ga
(zhiⁿ-gá zhiⁿ-ga) - baby [FL-Osage];
zhiⁿ-ka-zhiⁿ (žįkažį́) - child(ren), little one(s),
kid(s), childhood [CQ-Osage]; zhiⁿ-ga zhiⁿ-ga (zhiⁿgá zhíⁿga),
hiⁿ-ga hiⁿ-ga (hiⁿgá híⁿga) - child, infant, children [Kaw]
infant, weaken an animal or infant
►
di-t’e-ka (ditʔéka) - weaken an animal or infant
►
bdi-t’e-ka (bdítʔeka) - I, ti-t’e-ka (ttítʔeka)
- you
►
cf. di-t’e-ka (ditʔékka) - injure, hurt someone;
naⁿ-t’e-ka (nątʔéka) - injure by kicking or trampling
inflate, blow into
►
o-bi-xoⁿ (obíγǫ) - blow into, inflate
►
o-pi-xoⁿ (oppíγǫ) - I, o-shpi-xoⁿ (ošpíγǫ)
-you
►
cf. bi-xoⁿ (biγǫ́) - blow on something; a-bi-xoⁿ
(ábiγǫ) - squirt, spit on
►
ex: ki-baⁿ o-bi-xoⁿ (kibą obíγǫ) - flute-blowing on
[JOD]
►
ex: o-zha a-di-shtaⁿ ki-baⁿ o-bi-xoⁿ pa naⁿ (óža ádištą kíbą
obíγǫ ppá ną) - they quit dancing when a flute was blown
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: u-bi-xoⁿ (ubíxoⁿ) - blow [Omaha];
u-bi-xoⁿ (u-bí-xoⁿ) - any kind of wind instrument, as a
flute or horn [FL-Osage]; o-pi-xaⁿ (opíɣą) - blow into
or on, blow inside, play a horn or other wind instrument [CQ-Osage]
inform, cause to know
►
i-ba-haⁿ-kʰi-de (íbahąkʰíde) - inform, cause to know
►
i-ba-haⁿ-a-kʰi-de (íbahąákʰide) - I,
i-ba-haⁿ-da-kʰi-de (íbahądákʰide) - you
► i-ba-hoⁿ-ki-de (íbahǫkíde)
- teach me (to cause to know) [OM]
►
cf. i-ba-haⁿ (íbahą), i-ba-hoⁿ (íbahǫ) -
know how, recognize; kʰi-de (kʰíde) - to cause
►
Dhegiha: i-pa-haⁿ-kʰi-the (í-pa-hañ-ki-¢ĕ) - to cause
purposely one, not a relation, to know how to do any thing
[Omaha/Ponca]; i-pa-haⁿ-ki-the (í-pa-hañ-k͓i-¢e) - to
cause himself to know how to do, to learn how to do any thing
[Omaha/Ponca]
►
Dhegiha: i-pa-hoⁿ (ípahoⁿ) - know how, to know how to
do something [Omaha/Ponca]; i-ba-hoⁿ (íbahoⁿ) - know,
to know a person or thing [Omaha/Ponca]; i-ba-hoⁿ (ibahoⁿ)
- know [Omaha]; i-ba-hoⁿ (í-ba-hoⁿ) - to know
[FL-Osage]; i-pa-hoⁿ (ípahǫ) - know, understand, know
as a person, be acquainted with, recognize, know someone as being a
certain way or a certain type of person, guess [CQ-Osage];
i-ba-hoⁿ (íbahoⁿ) - to know, understand [Kaw]
ingredients, to mix ingredients
►
i-ka-hi (íkahi) - mixed with, to mix ingredients [JOD]
►
cf. ta-ni-ka-hi (taníkahi) - sumac, lit. “mix with
tobacco”; o-do-ka-hi (odokáhi) - to stir, to stir up,
to paddle; pa-si o-do-ka-hi (ppasí odokáhi) -
spoonbill, paddlefish, fish with a hide like that of a catfish, no
scales, found in Neosho River
►
ex: i-ka-hi-xti (ikahixti) - fully mixed with [JOD]
►
ex: hoⁿ-bniⁿ-ke i-ka-hi (hǫbnį́ke íkahi) - mixed with
beans [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: i-ga-hi (ígahi) - blanch, mix [Omaha];
i-ga-hi (í-ga-hi) - the mixing of several ingredients
[FL-Osage]; i-ga-hi (ígahi) - mix together, mixed with
[Kaw]
inhale something, smell something
►
o-di-bnaⁿ (odíbną) - inhale something, smell something
► o-bdi-bnaⁿ (obdíbną)
- I, o-ti-bnaⁿ (ottíbną) - you
►
cf. bnaⁿ (bną) - smell, emit any odor; di-bdaⁿ
(dibdą́), di-bnaⁿ (dibną́) - smell (hands);
ta-bnaⁿ (tábną) - to smell of something burning;
xdi bnaⁿ (xdí bną), xti bnaⁿ (xtí bną) - smell
like decayed vegetables; bdaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bdą hóttą),
bnaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bną hóttą) - smell good; bdaⁿ shi-ke
(bdą šíke), bnaⁿ shi-ke (bną šíke) - smell bad
►
ex: o-di-bnaⁿ (odíbną) - he sniffed/smelt [JOD]
►
ex: o-di-bnaⁿ, i-ya-we, “hoⁿ-hoⁿ, xwiⁿ hi,” i-yi (odíbną,
iyáwe, “hǫhǫ xwį hí,” iyí) - he smelled (his fingers), they
say, “oh my, that smells really bad/offensive,” he said [JOD]
►
ex: “ni-ka-shi-ka bnaⁿ a-ta-ha,” i-ya taⁿ pa o-di-bnaⁿ naⁿ
kaⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe naⁿ i-ya-we (“níkkašíka bną́ attahá,” iyá tą ppá ódibną́
ną ką́-nįkʰé ną iyáwe) - as he sat awhile, he sniffed around
with his nose, he said, “sure enough smells like a human being”,
they say [JOD]
►
ex: xoⁿ-te o-di-bnaⁿ (xǫtté odibną) - smoke, to inhale
cedar smoke, to use cedar [MS]
►
ex: o-wa-di-bnaⁿ (ówadíbną) - he smelled them [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: u-thi-bthoⁿ (uthíbthoⁿ) - scent an odor,
smell an odor, inhale an odor [Omaha/Ponca]; u-thi-bthoⁿ
(u-thí-bthoⁿ) - to smell [FL-Osage]; o-thi-braⁿ
(oðíbrą) - smoke, cause to smell, as in making cedar smoke
for a cleansing or a blessing, lit., “wherein one causes there to
emanate an odor” [CQ-Osage]; o-yu-blaⁿ (oyúblaⁿ) -
smell something, sniff at something [Kaw]
injure someone with bare hands
►
naⁿ-ka-de (ną́kkade) - injure someone with bare hands
►
naⁿ-ka-a-de (ną́kkaade) - I, naⁿ-ka-da-de
(ną́kkadade) - you
►
Dhegiha: noⁿ-ka (nóⁿka) - get hurt, injured [Omaha];
wa-noⁿ-ʰka-the (wa-nóⁿ-ḳa-the) - to maim, to injure
[FL-Osage]
injure, hurt someone
►
di-t’e-ka (ditʔékka) - injure, hurt someone
►
bdi-t’e-ka (bdítʔekka) - I, ti-t’e-ka
(ttítʔekka) - you
►
cf. di-t’e-ka (ditʔéka) - weaken an animal or infant;
naⁿ-t’e-ka (nątʔéka) - injure by kicking or trampling
injure, hurt, harm, wound
►
i-o (io), i-yo (íyo) - wound someone or
something
►
i-do (idó) - I, i-do (ído) - you
►
i-o-wi (i-ŭ-wih) - wound, injure, hurt, harm (blesser)
[GI]
►
ex: aⁿ-naⁿ-yo-wi taⁿ aⁿ-kda-niⁿ kdi-we (ąną́yowi-ttą ą́kdanį
kdiwé) - when I was shot they brought me back hither
►
ex: i-di-yo-wi taⁿ a-di-kda-niⁿ kdi-we (ídiyowi-ttą adíkdanį
kdiwé) - when you were shot they brought you back hither
►
ex: i-yo-wi taⁿ a-kda-niⁿ kdi kʰe (íyowi-ttą akdánį kdí kʰe)
- when he was wounded they (his relations) brought him (or his body)
home
►
ex: we-yo-wi taⁿ wa-kda-niⁿ kdi-we (wéyowi-ttą wákdanį kdiwé)
- when we were shot they brought us back hither
►
Dhegiha: i-u (í-u) - to wound with a weapon, to wound
with an arrow or other weapon [FL-Osage]; i-o (ió) -
wound with something [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: u (ú) - wound [Omaha/Ponca]; u (ú),
’u (’u) - wound [JOD-Omaha]; u (u) - wound, to
hurt, wound from a cut [FL-Osage]; o (o) - wound [Kaw]
injure, sin, to do wrong
►
e-kaⁿ-zhi wa-’oⁿ (eką́ži waʔǫ́) - to do wrong, injure,
sin
►
e-kaⁿ-zhi wa-moⁿ (eką́ži wamǫ́) - I, e-kaⁿ-zhi
wa-zhoⁿ (eką́ži wažǫ́) - you, e-kaⁿ-zhi oⁿ-maⁿ-we
(eką́ži ǫmą́we) - we
►
cf. e-kaⁿ (eką́), e-koⁿ (ekǫ́) - like,
thus, like that, so; zhi (ži) - not, negation;
’oⁿ (ʔǫ), ’aⁿ (ʔą) - do, be, use, have (as a
disease); e-koⁿ-zhi ka-xe (ekǫ́ži káγe),
e-kaⁿ-zhi ka-xe (eką́ži káγe) - wrong, do accidentally, err
►
Dhegiha: e-goⁿ a-zhi (egoⁿazhi) - wrong, illegal,
inaccurate, incorrect, false [Omaha]; e-goⁿ-zhi (e-goⁿ-zhi)
- like-not [FL-Osage]; e-koⁿ-zhi (ékǫži) - not be like
this or that, be not thus, be otherwise, unseemly, inappropriate,
not right, unsuitable, unfitting, ill-advised, wrong [CQ-Osage]
►
Dhegiha: wa-oⁿ (waǫ́) - do stuff, do things [CQ-Osage]
ink
►
i-ka-zo-zo ni (íkazózo ní) - ink
►
i-ka-zo-zo ni (íkazózo ní) - ink [OM]
►
cf. i-ka-zo (íkazo) - write, draw; i-ka-zo-zo
(íkazózo) - book, paper, letter; ni (ni) -
water, liquid
►
Dhegiha: wa-ba-xu ni (wébaxu ní) - ink, “water for
writing” [Omaha/Ponca]; ni we-ba-xu (ni we-ba-xu) -
ink [Omaha]; wa-le-ze i-ga-ghe niⁿ (waléze igàghe níⁿ)
- ink [Kaw]
inner bark of tree
►
zhaⁿ-ha o-ska (žąhá oská) - inner (white) bark of tree
►
cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree;
ha (ha) - skin, bark, hide, shell; ska (ska)
- white; zhoⁿ-ha (žǫhá), zhaⁿ-ha (žąhá)
- bark of a tree; zhaⁿ-ha di-sha-sha-ke-hi (žąhá díšašákehi)
- blackjack oak, Q. marilandia
►
Dhegiha: zhoⁿ-ha (zhóⁿha) - bark, tree bark (on the
tree) [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ-ha (zhóⁿ-ha) - the outer
bark of a tree [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ-ha (žą́ą háa) - outer
bark of a tree [CQ-Osage]
inner ear, opening of the ear
►
ni-xi-te (niγítte) - inner ear, opening of the ear
►
ni-xi-te (niγítte) - ear, the ear hole [MS]
►
ni-xe-te (ni˙xé˙tte) - ear [VG]
►
ni-xi-te (niγítte) - hearing
►
ex: ni-xi-te ni-ke (niγítte níke) - to be deaf, to be
disobedient; ni-xi-te niⁿ-ke (niqítĕ niñk͓é),
(naqítĕ niñk͓é) - masculine name, was father of míhita
[JOD]; ni-xi-te maⁿ-tʰe tiⁿiⁿ (niγítte mą́tʰe ttį́į́)
- ringing in the ear [MS]
►
Dhegiha: noⁿ-xi-de (noⁿxide) - ear, the inner hearing
organ [Omaha]; noⁿ-xu-dse (noⁿ-xú-dse) - the internal
ear, that which holds the hearing orifice [FL-Osage];
naⁿ-xu-tse (nąąγúce) - ear, inner ear, act of hearing,
understanding, paying attention, heeding advice [CQ-Osage];
ni-ghu-je (nighúje) - the external ear, sense of hearing
[Kaw]
inner, chair with inner springs
►
a-kniⁿ bi-st-sti (áknį bistísti) - chair with inner
springs
►
cf. a-kniⁿ (áknį) - chair, seat; bi-sti-sti
(bistísti) - flatten by pressure/blowing
insect, reptile
►
wa-kdi-shka (wakdíška), wa-xti-shka (waxtíška)
- insect, reptile
►
wa-kdi-shka (wakdíška) - bug [MS]
►
cf. wa-kdi-shka bda-ska (wakdíška bdáska) - bedbug,
"flat insects"; wa-kdi-shka taⁿ-ka (wakdíška ttą́ka) -
alligator, “large reptile”; wa-kdi (wakdí) - worm,
maggot
►
ex: di-shi-ka-we taⁿ-ha wa-kdi-shka e-naⁿ-xti da-tʰe ta-i-tʰe
(díšikáwe tą́ha wakdíška éną-xti datʰé taitʰé) - because
you’all have been bad, you’all shall eat nothing but insects and
reptiles in future [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: wa-gthi-shka (wagthíshka) - insect, reptile,
snake [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-gthi-shka (wagthíshka) -
beetle, bug, insect, termite, all worms [Omaha]; wa-gthu-shka
(wa-gthú-shka) - bug, any kind of bug, a worm, an insect
[FL-Osage]; wa-lu-shka (walúška) - bug, insect, worm,
vermin, joker in a deck of cards [CQ-Osage]; wa-lu-shka
(walúshka) - insect [Kaw]
insecure, fearful
►
koi-he (koíhe) - fearful, insecure
►
aⁿ-koi-he
(ąkóihe)
- I, di-koi-he (dikóihe) - you, wa-koi-wa-he
(wakoiwahe) - we
►
cf. koi-he-wa-de (koíhewáde) - fearful, inspiring
fear; o-ko-he (ókkohe) - dangerous
►
Dhegiha: ku-he (kúhe) - to feel insecure, to dread an
unseen or uncertain danger, to be apprehensive, fear [Omaha/Ponca];
gu-he (gúhe) - be afraid at night [Omaha];
ko-i-pshe (kó-i-pshe) - to fear, as the fear of some unseen
danger, misgiving, a feeling of doubt [FL-Osage]
insecure, unsteady
►
shoⁿ-da-da (šǫ́dada) - unsteady, insecure
►
cf. di-shoⁿ-da (dišǫdá), di-shoⁿ (dišǫ́)
- pull over and spill (liquid); di-shoⁿ-shoⁿ-da (dišǫšǫda)
- loosen by working back/forth
►
ex: ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize
pushing at
►
ex: bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady
pressing
►
ex: da-shoⁿ-da-da (dašǫ́dadá) - undermine
►
ex: di-shoⁿ-da-da (dišǫ́dadá) - pull off balance
►
ex: ka-shoⁿ-da-da (kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking,
chopping
►
ex: naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the
foot; kick loose
►
ex: pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá) - undercut, undermine
►
ex: po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) - make top heavy by
thrusting at
►
ex: ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) - top heavy, unsteady by
burning
►
ex: naⁿ-te shoⁿ-da-da-zhi (ną́tte šǫ́dadáži) - stout
hearted, “heart, not unsteady/not insecure”
►
Dhegiha: shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿthá) - spilled, upset and
spilled, tipped over and spilled [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha
(shoⁿshóⁿtha) - loosened in its socket, as a fence post ot a
tooth [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-shoⁿ-tha (shoⁿshoⁿtha) -
limber [Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (bashoⁿtha) - pour, dump
[Omaha]; ba-shoⁿ-tha (ba-shóⁿ-tha) - to spill water
from a vessel, either by accident or on purpose [FL-Osage];
gi-shoⁿ-tha (gí-shóⁿ-tha) - to make loose, to droop or fall,
loose jointed, broken [FL-Osage]; ga-shoⁿ-tha (ga-shóⁿ-tha)
- to spill water from a vessel by striking against it [FL-Osage]
insensible
►
t’e hoⁿ-ke (tʔéhǫké) - to be insensible,
“nearly/almost dead”
► aⁿ-t’e hoⁿ-ke (ątʔéhǫké)
- I’m, di-t’e hoⁿ-ke (ditʔéhǫké) - you’re,
wa-t’e hoⁿ-ke (watʔéhǫke) - we dual, I and one other
►
cf. t’e (tʔe) - die; haⁿ-ke (hą́ke) -
nearly, almost; t’e ki-ha (tʔé kihá) - certain to die,
be terminal; t’e xti (tʔéxti) - stone cold dead
►
Dhegiha: t’e (t’e) - to die, to be dead [Omaha/Ponca];
ʰts’e (ṭs’e) - to die, decease, demise, defunct, to
swoon, to faint [FL-Osage]; ts’e (cʔé) - die, death,
the dead, dead person [CQ-Osage]; ts’e (ts’e) - dead,
to die, be dead [Kaw]
inside, feel uncomfortable inside
►
ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (kią́škika) - feel uncomfortable inside
►
aⁿ-aⁿ-shki-ka (ąą́škika) - I, di-aⁿ-shki-ka
(dią́škika) - you
►
cf. i-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ikią́škiká) - indigestion,
gastric discomfort
inside, in, within, under
►
maⁿ-tʰe (mą́tʰe) - inside, in, within, under
►
cf. maⁿ-tʰa-ha (mątʰáha) - into, down into (as water)
►
ex: ni-xi-te maⁿ-tʰe (niγítte mą́tʰe) - in the ear
[MS]
►
ex: ni-xi-te maⁿ-tʰe tiⁿiⁿ (niγítte mą́tʰe ttį́į́) -
ringing in the ear [MS]
►
ex: maⁿ-tʰe da-tʰi hne (mą́tʰe datʰí hné) - come back
inside [MS]
►
ex: ki-ha-ti ti maⁿ-tʰe kʰi-we (kihátti ttí mą́tʰe kʰíwe)
- down below within the lodge, they arrived there [JOD]
►
ex: ni maⁿ-tʰe (ní mątʰé) - under the water
►
ex: maⁿ-tʰe wa-tʰe (mą́tʰe watʰé) - slip,
undergarment, “within/under dress”
►
Dhegiha: maⁿ-te (máⁿ-te) - in, into, within
[JOD-Omaha]; moⁿ-te (moⁿte) - inside [Omaha];
moⁿ-tse (móⁿ-tse) - in the deepest of secret places
[FL-Osage]; maⁿ-tsʰe (mącʰé) - in the center of
something, centrally located, within, underneath [CQ-Osage];
maⁿ-che (máⁿche) - underneath, within [Kaw]
inside, lay or put inside
►
oⁿ-he (ǫhé) - put, lay singular/lying/inanimate inside
something
► o-woⁿ-he (owǫ́he)
- I, o-doⁿ-he (odǫ́he) - you, oⁿ-koⁿ-ha-we
(ǫkǫ́hawe) - we
►
cf. aⁿ-he (ą́he) - lay a long/inanimate object on
something; i-he (íhe) - horizontal, in a lying
position; k’aⁿ-he (kʔą́he) - lay something down, to
lay out; a-k’oⁿ-he (ákʔǫhe), a-k’aⁿ-he (ákʔąhe)
- put a horizontal inanimate object on a surface; o-k’oⁿ-he
(okʔǫ́he) - put a long object in something;
a-ki-k’oⁿ-he i-tʰe-de (ákkikʔǫ́he itʰéde) - put horizontal
(lying) things in a pile
►
ex: sa-ti o-kdaⁿ oⁿ-he (sátti ókdą ǫhé) - joists,
cross timbers of house
►
ex: ma-hiⁿ oⁿ-he (máhį ǫhe) - knife sheath
►
ex: siⁿ-ti-oⁿ-he (sįttiǫ́he) - crupper (saddle strap)
►
ex: ta-ti-oⁿ-he ttáttiǫ́he, ta-ti-aⁿ-he (ttáttią́he) -
wind
►
Dhegiha: oⁿ-he (oⁿhé) - classifier for sitting or
lying broad object, this is used followng another verb when a large
or large and broad object is acted on [Kaw]
inside, put inside, tuck in, stick in
►
mi-knaⁿ (míkną) - put inside, tuck in, stick in
►
mi-a-knaⁿ (miákną) - I, mi-da-knaⁿ (mídakną)
- you
►
cf. knaⁿ (kną) - set, put; o-knaⁿ (okną́),
o-kdaⁿ (ókdą) - put sg/si or cloth, paper into, put
inside; ki-knaⁿ (kikną́) - set one’s own, put;
a-knaⁿ (ákną), a-kdaⁿ (ákdą) - put a singular,
sitting, inanimate (curvilinear--JOD) or cloth, paper, plaster, etc.
object upon a surface; a-ki-knaⁿ (ákikną) - set one’s
own sitting, inanimate or cloth object on a surface; pi-knaⁿ
(ppi kną́) - put away; o-ki-knaⁿ (okkíkną) -
undertake something
►
ex: me-a-ki-knaⁿ (meákikną́) - I put my own in my belt
[JOD]
►
Dhegiha: mi-gthaⁿ (mí-g¢aⁿ) - to put a knife or stick
under the belt; to put a knife in its sheath under the belt, to put
a lariat, etc., under the belt [JOD-Omaha]
► mi-zhi (míži) -
put pl/s¢in under belt, tuck in
►
mi-a-zhi (miáži) - I, mi-da-zhi (mídaži)
- you
►
cf. a-zhi (áži) - put small s¢in objs onto something
that serves as a platform; o-zhi (oží) - put cl into
something, plant, fill; ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží)
- whiskey bottle; o-pi-zhi (óppiži) - drawer, box;
zhaⁿ-pi-zhi (žąppiži) - trunk, box; sto-de-zhi
(stodéži) - collect small objects in a heap
►
Dhegiha: mi-zhi (mí-ji) - to put a number of small
things, not his, in his belt [JOD-Omaha]
insides, interior of animal
►
o-kdo-x’a (okdóxʔa) - insides, interior of animal
►
cf. kdo-x’a (kdoxʔa), xdo-x’a (xdoxʔa) -
empty; di-kdo-x’a (dikdóxʔa), di-kto-x’a
(diktóxʔa) - empty by pulling contents out;
maⁿ-kdo-x’a (mąkdóxa), maⁿ-xdo-x’a (mąxdoxʔa)
- cave, lit. “hollow earth”; zhaⁿ xdo-x’a (žą xdóxʔa)
- hollow tree
►
Dhegiha: o-xtho-ʰk’a (o-xthó-ḳ’a), u-xtho-ʰk’a
(u-xthó-ḳ’a), u-xthu-ʰk’a (u-xthú-ḳ’a) -
hollow, a hollow place, an oven, a hollow tree or log [FL-Osage]
►
Dhegiha: xthu-’a (xthu’a) - hollow, baggy; intestines,
guts, innards, everthing inside the abdominal cavity, including
intestines, etc.; “hollow places” above the hips [Omaha/Ponca];
xthu-’a (xthu’a) - hollow, empty [Omaha]; xthu-ʰk’a
(xthu-ḳ’a), xthu-’a (xthú-’a) - hollow, any
kind of hollow in a tree or log [FL-Osage]; xtho-ʰk’a
(xthó-ḳ’a) - empty, emptiness [FL-Osage]; xlo-k’a
(xlók’a) - hollow, empty [Kaw]
insist on, pay attention, attend, give heed
►
a-ki-hi-te (ákkihítte) - pay attention, attend, give
heed, to insist on
►
a-ki-hi-te (áakkihítte) - I, a-da-ki-hi-te
(ádakkihítte) - you, oⁿ-ka-ki-hi-ta-we (ǫkákkihíttawe)
- we
►
cf. di-hi-te (dihítte) - meddle with things
►
ex: a-ki-hi-te kniⁿ di-ni-ke (ákkihitte knį́ diníke) -
you have no one to attend to you regularly
insist, talk back to
►
i-ho-shi (íhoši) - insist, talk back to
►
i-da-ho-shi (idáhoši) - I, i-da-ho-shi (ídahoši)
- you
►
cf. i-ho-de (íhode) - ask, consult about something;
i-ho-sa (íhosa) - scold, reprove
►
Dhegiha: i-ho (iihóo), i-ho-e (iihóe),
i-hoⁿ (iihǫ́ǫ) - aske permission from someone for
something, ask or request someone to do something [CQ-Osage];
i-hu-tha-bi (í-hu-tha-bi) - From Whom Permission is
Obtained, personal name [FL-Osage]; i-hu-sa (íhusa) -
to scold, chide, rebuke, reprove someone [Omaha/Ponca];
i-hu-sa (iuça) - scold [Omaha]
inspiring fear, fearful
►
koi-he-wa-de (koíhewáde) - fearful, inspiring fear
►
cf. koi-he (koíhe) - fearful, insecure; wa-de
(wade) - cause them, make them, make one; o-ko-he
(ókkohe) - dangerous
►
Dhegiha: ku-he (kúhe) - to feel insecure, to dread an
unseen or uncertain danger, to be apprehensive, fear [Omaha/Ponca];
gu-he (gúhe) - be afraid at night [Omaha];
ko-i-pshe (kó-i-pshe) - to fear, as the fear of some unseen
danger, misgiving, a feeling of doubt [FL-Osage]
►
naⁿ-pe-wa-de (naⁿ́-pĕ-wá-d¢ĕ),
noⁿ-pe-wa-de (naⁿ́pewad¢ĕ́) - masculine name,
Dangerous [JOD]
►
noⁿ-pe-wa-de (nǫ́ppewade) - dangerous
►
cf. naⁿ-pe (ną́ppe), noⁿ-pe (nǫ́ppe) -
to fear the sight of something; wa-de (wade) - cause
them, make them, make one; maⁿ naⁿ-pa-zhi (maⁿ́naⁿ-pá-ji)
- masculine name, He Fears Not Arrows [JOD]
►
Dhegiha: noⁿ-pe-wa-the (nóⁿpewathe) - One Who is
Feared, male name [Omaha]; noⁿ-pe-wa-the (nóⁿ-p̣e-wa-the)
- Fear Inspiring, personal name [FL-Osage]; noⁿ-ʰpe-wa-the
(nǫ́ǫʰpewaðe) - Fearful One, Henry Pratt’s name [CQ-Osage];
noⁿ-pe-wa-ye (nóⁿpewaye) - Dangerous, male name, an
ex-chief [Kaw]
►
Dhegiha: noⁿ-pe-wa-the (nóⁿ-pe-wa-the) - dangerous,
formidable, hideous, horrible, terrible, frightful, dreadful
[FL-Osage]; noⁿ-ʰpe-wa-the (nǫ́ǫʰpewaðe) - be scary,
make folks fearful, lit., ‘make folks be afraid’, fearful thing,
something to be afraid of [CQ-Osage]; noⁿ-pe-wa-ye (nóⁿpewáye)
- be dangerous [Kaw]
instep
►
si-o-pa-he (siópahé) - instep
►
cf. si (si) - foot
►
Dhegiha: si u-ba-he (sí ubáhe) - outside of the foot,
side of the foot by the little toe [Omaha/Ponca]; si-koⁿ
ma-shoⁿ (sikóⁿ máshoⁿ) - instep, “where they cut off the
foot with a knife” [Omaha/Ponca]; si-shto-zha tse (çi-shtó-zha
tse) - instep [FL-Osage]; si a-ga-ha-ta (si ágahata)
- instep [Kaw]
instrument, writing instrument
►
i-ka-zo i-ka-xe (íkazo ikáγe) - pencil, writing
instrument
►
cf. i-ka-zo (íkazo) - write, draw; i-ka-xe
(ikáγe) - with which to make
►
Dhegiha: i-ga-xe (í-ga-xe) - to make out
of or by means of [JOD-Omaha]; i-ga-xe (i-ga-xe) -
with which to make [FL-Osage]; i-ka-xe (íkaaγe) - make
out of [CQ-Osage]
►
i-ka-zo-zo i-ka-xe (íkazózo ikáγe) - pen, writing
instrument
►
i-ka-zo-zo i-ka-xe (íkazózo ikáγe) - pencil [MS]
►
cf. i-ka-zo-zo (íkazózo) - book, paper, letter;
i-ka-xe (ikáγe) - with which to make
►
Dhegiha: wa-gthe-ze i-ga-xe (wa-gthé-çe i-ga-xe) - pen
[FL-Osage]; maⁿ-ze wa-le-za i-ga-ghe (máⁿze waléze igághe)
- pen, lit. “iron pencil” [Kaw]; wa-le-ze i-ga-ghe (waléze
igághe) - pencil [Kaw]
instrumental
► ba (ba) - by
pushing, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: ba-shi-ke (bašiké) - ruin by poking a hole in
►
ex: ba-iⁿ-zhi (baį́ži) - fail or miss pushing at
something
►
ex: ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil
►
ex: ba-shoⁿ-da-da (bašǫ́dada) - loosen, destabilize
pushing at
►
Dhegiha: ba (ba) - by pushing [JOD-Omaha/Ponca];
ba (ba) - an act of pushing [FL-Osage]; pa (paa)
- by pushing away or by hand, by pushing or pressing on something
(either compacting or spreading it), by pushing up and away with the
hands [CQ-Osage]; ba (ba) - instrumental prefix: by
pushing, or with a pointed object [Kaw]
► bi (bi) - by
pressing, rubbing, blow, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: bi-shi-ke (bišíke) - ruin by pressing, squash
►
ex: bi-iⁿ-zhi (biį́ži) - fail/miss pressing/blowing
►
ex: bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry
►
ex: bi-shoⁿ-da-da (bišǫ́dada) - upset, make unsteady
pressing
►
Dhegiha: bi (bi) - by pressing, rubbing
[JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; bi (bi) - blowing [FL-Osage];
pu (pu) - by pressing down on with movement back and
forth, by smoothing [CQ-Osage]; pi (pi) - by blowing,
as on a fire to get it started, dust from a table top, dandelion
fluff into the wind, anything from the palm of the hand [CQ-Osage];
bu (bu), biu (bü) - instrumental prefix:
by generalized pressure, by pushing or rubbing [Kaw]
► da (da) - by
mouth, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly
►
ex: da-iⁿ-zhi (daį́ži) - fail using the mouth, voice
►
ex: da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed
►
ex: da-shoⁿ-da-da (dašǫ́dadá) - undermine
►
Dhegiha: tha (tha) - instrumental prefix, by mouth
[JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; tha (ðaa) - by mouth [CQ-Osage];
ya (ya) - instrumental prefix: by mouth, by using the
mouth, as in eating, biting, speaking, chewing, singing, etc. [Kaw]
► di (di) - by hand,
pulling, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong
►
ex: di-iⁿ-zhi (díįži) - fail in pulling, rowing, etc.
►
ex: di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot
►
ex: di-shoⁿ-da-da (dišǫ́dadá) - pull off balance
►
Dhegiha: thi (thi) - by hand, pulling
[JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; thi (thi) - action with the hand,
action by pulling [FL-Osage]; thu (ðu), thi (ði)
- action by hand; cause, make (not necessarily by hand) [CQ-Osage];
yu (yu), yiu (yü) - instrumental prefix:
by hand, cause by using the hands; also, a general causative, by
unspecified cause [Kaw]
► i (í) -
instrumental, comitative, requires special pronominal allomorphs
►
ex: i-ka-za (íkaza) - to hit with, whip; i (i)
+ ka-za (kazá), ga-za (gazá) - to whip
►
ex: i-sta-de (ístade) - grease with; i (i)
+ sta-de (stáde) - to grease
►
ex: i-tʰiⁿ (itʰį́) - hit, strike with something;
i (i) + tʰiⁿ (tʰį́) - verb root, strike,
slap, hit
►
ex: i-t’e-de (itʔéde) - kill with something; i
(i) + t’e-de (tʔede) - kill
►
Dhegiha: i (í) - instrumental, by means of, with which
to [JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; i (i) - with which to
[FL-Osage]; i (í) - with, using, as a means of or to,
through, from, due to [CQ-Osage]; i (í) -
instrumentive locative: with, using, by means of [Kaw]
► ka (ka) - by
striking, by action of the wind or water, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: ka-shi-ke (kašíke) - spoil something by striking
it
►
ex: ka-iⁿ-zhi (kaį́ži) - fail in throwing or striking
►
ex: ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut,
as corn
►
ex: ka-shoⁿ-da-da (kašǫ́dada) - undercut by striking,
chopping
►
Dhegiha: ga (ga) - instrumental prefix, by striking,
wind, water [JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; ga (ga) - by blows, by
action of the wind [FL-Osage]; ka (kaa) - by striking,
by sudden application of force or sudden movement [CQ-Osage];
ga (ga) - instrumental prefix: by striking or impact, by
striking with an instrument, by force of wind or water [Kaw]
► naⁿ (ną) - by
action of the foot, inner instrumental prefix
►
ex: naⁿ-shi-ke nąšíke) - spoil something by stepping
on it
►
ex: naⁿ-iⁿ-zhi (nąį́ži) - fail in walking or with
machine
►
ex: naⁿ-ta-xe (nąttáxe) - stomp, trample, thump with
feet
►
ex: naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the
foot; kick loose
►
Dhegiha: noⁿ (noⁿ), naⁿ (naⁿ) -
instrumental prefix, by foot, by action of the foot
[JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; noⁿ (noⁿ) - with the foot/feet
[FL-Osage]; naⁿ (nąą) - on or with one’s foot or feet,
by foot [CQ-Osage]; naⁿ (ną) - instrumental prefix: by
foot, by using the foot or feet [Kaw]
► pa (pá) - by
cutting with a knife, outer instrumental prefix
►
ex: pa-shi-ke (pášike) - ruin by cutting with a knife
►
ex: pa-iⁿ-zhi (páįži) - fail in cutting or sawing
►
ex: pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g.
cornstalk
►
ex: pa-shoⁿ-da-da (pášǫdadá) - undercut, undermine
►
Dhegiha: ma (ma) - by cutting with a knife [JOD-Omaha/Ponca];
ba (ba) - a prefix to denote the act of cutting with a
knife [FL-Osage]; ba (ba) - a verb prefix denoting an
act is done with a stick, spear, or any other sharp thing
[FL-Osage]; pa (pá) - by use of a sharp edge, by
cutting [CQ-Osage]; ba (bá) - instrumental prefix: by
cutting with a blade [Kaw]
► po (po) - by
shooting, blowing, outer instrumental prefix
►
ex: po-shi-ke (póšike) - spoil something by punching
it
►
ex: po-iⁿ-zhi (póįži) - to be unsuccessful
shooting/punching
►
ex: po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching
►
ex: po-shoⁿ-da-da (póšǫdadá) - make top heavy by
thrusting at
►
Dhegiha: moⁿ (moⁿ) - by shooting, blowing [JOD-Omaha/Ponca];
po (pó) - by means of sudden intrusive action e.g.,
‘by shooting’, ‘by punching’ [CQ-Osage]; bo (bó) - prt
instrumental prefix: by punching, blowing with the mouth, by
shooting [Kaw]
► ta (tá) - by
extreme temperature, outer instrumental prefix
►
ex: ta-shi-ke (tášíke) - ruin something by burning it
►
ex: ta-iⁿ-zhi (táįži) - fail in cooking
►
ex: ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation
from the sun
►
ex: ta-shoⁿ-da-da (tášǫdadá) - top heavy, unsteady by
burning
►
Dhegiha: na (ná) - by extreme temperature [JOD-Omaha/Ponca];
da (da) - by heat, a prefix denoting fire or the
effects of fire in it’s destruction, to feeze, frozen [FL-Osage];
ta (táa) - by extreme of temperature, by heat or cold [CQ-Osage];
da (dá) - instrumental prefix indicating effect of
fire, heat, or extreme cold (more often heat than cold) [Kaw]
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