in-law, a
man’s brother-in-law
►
i-ta-haⁿ (ittáhą), e-ta-haⁿ (eTáhą) -
brother-in-law
►
wi-ta-haⁿ (wittáhą) - my, di-ta-haⁿ (dittáhą)
- your
► Dhegiha:
i-ta-hoⁿ (itáhoⁿ) - brother-in-law [Omaha];
ta-haⁿ-ha (taháⁿha) - brother-in-law [JOD-Omaha];
i-ʰta-hoⁿ (i-ṭa-hoⁿ) - brother-in-law, his sister’s husband,
his father’s sister or his wife’s brother [FL-Osage];
i-ʰtaⁿ-ha (iʰtą́ha) - his brother-in-law (his wife’s brother
or his sister’s husband, his/her father’s sister’s husband (his/her
paternal uncle by marriage, more precise than English ‘his/her
uncle’) [CQ-Osage]; i-ta-haⁿ (itáhaⁿ) - man’s
brother-in-law, his wife’s brother, his wife’s sister’s, aunt’s, or
niece’s husband (lists all the men who could be called
i-ta-haⁿ (itáhaⁿ) in the traditional Kaw kinship system
[Kaw]
►
wi-ta-haⁿ (wittáhą) - my
► Dhegiha:
wi-ta-haⁿ (witáhaⁿ) - my brother-in-law [JOD-Omaha];
wi-ʰtaⁿ-ha (wiʰtą́ha), ʰtaⁿ-ha (ʰtą́ha)
- my sister’s husband, my wife’s brother, used only when speaker is
male, more precise than “my-brother-in-law; my father’s sister’s
husband, my paternal uncle by marriage, used when speaker is male or
female, more precise than English “my uncle” [CQ-Osage]
►
di-ta-haⁿ (dittáhą) - your
► Dhegiha:
thi-ta-haⁿ (¢itáhaⁿ) - your brother-in-law
[JOD-Omaha]; thi-ʰtaⁿ-ha (ðiʰtą́ha) - your wife’s
brother, your sister’s husband, used only when speaking to a man,
more precise than English “brother-in-law; your father’s sister’s
husband, your paternal uncle by marriage, used when speaking to a
man or a woman [CQ-Osage]
►
i-ta-haⁿ-de (ittáhąde) - to have as brother-in-law
► Dhegiha:
i-ta-haⁿ-ye (itáhaⁿye) - to have for a brother-
in-law, to call someone i-ta-haⁿ (itáhaⁿ) [Kaw]
in-law, a man’s
daughter-in-law
►
i-ti-ni (ittíni), e-ti-ni (eTíni) - a man’s
daughter-in-law, etc.
►
wi-ti-ni (wittíni) - my, di-ti-ni (dittíni) -
your
► Dhegiha:
i-ti-ni (itíni) - daughter-in-law [Omaha];
i-ʰtsi-ni (i-ṭsí-ni) - daughter-in-law [FL-Osage];
i-ʰtsi-ni (iʰcíni) - his/her daughter-in-law [CQ-Osage];
i-tsi-ni (icíni) - his/her daughter-in-law [Kaw]
►
wi-ti-ni (wittíni) - my daughter-in-law
► Dhegiha:
wi-ti-ni (witíni) - my daughter-in-law [Omaha];
wi-ʰtsi-ni (wi-ṭsí-ni) - my daughter-in-law [FL-Osage];
wi-ʰtsi-ni (wiʰcíni) - my daughter-in-law (used when
speaker is male or female [CQ-Osage]; wi-tsi-ni (wicíni)
- my daughter-in-law, JOD gives the masculine form of address,
wi-tsi-ni e (wicíni é), followed by, “(if ever used)”. He
is referring to the fact that a man traditionally avoided speaking
directly to his daughter-in-law [Kaw]
►
di-ti-ni (dittíni) - your daughter-in-law
► Dhegiha:
thi-ʰtsi-ni (thi-ṭsí-ni) - your daughter-in-law
[FL-Osage]; thi-tsi-ni (ðiʰcíni) - your
daughter-in-law, your son’s wife [CQ-Osage]; yi-tsi-ni
(yicíni) - your daughter-in-law [Kaw]
►
i-ti-ni-de (ittínide) - to have as a daughter-in-law
►
i-ti-ni-a-de (ittíniade) - I, i-ti-ni-da-de
(ittínidade) - you
► Dhegiha:
i-tsi-ni-ye (icíniye) - to have as a daughter-in- law,
to call someone i-tsi-ni (icíni) [Kaw]
in-law, a man’s
sister-in-law
►
i-haⁿ-ka (ihą́ka), i-ho-ka (ihǫ́ka),
e-haⁿ-ka (ehą́ka), e-hoⁿ-ka (ehǫ́ka) - a man’s
sister-in-law
►
wi-haⁿ-ka (wihą́ka) - my, di-haⁿ-ka (dihą́ka)
- your
► Dhegiha:
i-hoⁿ-ga (í-hoⁿ-ga) - sister-in-law [FL-Osage];
i-haⁿ-ka (ihą́ka) - his brother’s wife or his wife’s sister,
more precise than English “his sister-in-law” [CQ-Osage];
i-hoⁿ-ga (ihóⁿga) - sister-in-law, man’s wife’s sister,
therefore his potential wife [Kaw]
►
wi-haⁿ-ka (wihą́ka) - my sister-in-law, a man’s
sister-in-law
► Dhegiha:
wi-haⁿ-ke (wihą́ka) - my wife’s sister, my brother’s
wife, used only when speaker is male, more precise than English “my
sister-in-law” [CQ-Osage]; wi-hoⁿ-ga (wihóⁿga) - my
sister-in-law, my wife’s sister [Kaw]
►
di-haⁿ-ka (dihą́ka) - your sister-in-law, a man’s
sister-in-law
► Dhegiha:
thi-haⁿ-ga (¢ihañga) - your wife’s sister [JOD-Omaha];
thi-haⁿ-ka (ðihą́ka) - your sister-in-law, used only
when speaking to a man, referring to his brother’s wife or his
wife’s sister [CQ-Osage]; yi-hoⁿ-ga (yihóⁿga) - your
sister-in-law, your wife’s sister [Kaw]
►
i-haⁿ-ka-de (ihą́kade), e-haⁿ-ka-de (ehą́kade)
- to have as a sister-in-law
►
i-haⁿ-ka-a-de (ihą́kaade) - I, i-haⁿ-ka-da-de
(ihą́kadade) - you
► Dhegiha:
i-hoⁿ-ga-ye (ihóⁿgaye) - to have for a sister-in- law,
to call someone i-hoⁿ-ga (ihóⁿga) [Kaw]
in-law, man’s
son-in-law
►
i-toⁿ-te (ittǫ́tte), e-toⁿ-te (eTǫ́Te) - a
man’s son-in-law
►
wi-i-toⁿ-te (wittǫ́tte) - my, di-i-toⁿ-te (dittǫ́tte)
- your
► Dhegiha:
taⁿ-de-ha (tandéha) - son-in-law [JOD-Omaha];
i-ʰtoⁿ-de (i-ṭóⁿ-de), i-ʰtoⁿ-dse (i-ṭóⁿ-dse) -
son-in-law [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtoⁿ-tse (iʰtǫ́ce) - his/her
son-in-law [CQ-Osage]; i-toⁿ-je (itóⁿje) - son-in-law,
his or her son-in-law [Kaw]
►
wi-toⁿ-te (wittǫ́tte) - my son-in-law
►
wi-to-ta (wittótta) - son-in-law, my son-in-law [OM]
► Dhegiha:
wi-taⁿ-de (witáⁿde) - my son-in-law [JOD-Omaha];
wi-ʰtoⁿ-dse (wi ṭóⁿ-dse) - my son-in-law [FL-Osage];
wi-ʰtoⁿ-tse (wiʰtǫ́ce) - my son-in-law, used when speaker
is male or female [CQ-Osage]; wi-toⁿ-je (witóⁿje) - my
son-in-law [Kaw]
►
di-i-toⁿ-te (dittǫ́tte) - your son-in-law
► Dhegiha:
thi-ʰtoⁿ-tse (ðiʰtǫ́ce) - your son-in-law, used by
anyone speaking to a man or a woman [CQ-Osage]; yi-toⁿ-je
(yitóⁿje) - your son-in-law [Kaw]
►
i-toⁿ-te-de (ittǫ́ttede), e-toⁿ-te-de (eTǫ́Tede)
- to have as a son-in-law
►
i-toⁿ-te-a-de (ittǫ́tteade) - I, i-toⁿ-te-da-de
(ittǫ́ttedade) - you
► Dhegiha:
i-taⁿ-de-tha-i (itánde¢aí) - has him for his
son-in-law [JOD-Omaha]; i-toⁿ-je-ye (itóⁿjeye) - to
have for a son-in-law, to call someone i-toⁿ-je (itóⁿje)
[Kaw]
in-law, a woman’s
brother-in-law, her husband’s brother
►
i-shi-k’e (išíkʔe) - a woman’s husband’s brother
►
wi-shi-k’e (wišikʔé) - my, di-shi-k’e (dišikʔé)
- your
► Dhegiha:
i-shi-’e (ishi’e) - brother-in-law [Omaha];
i-shi-k’e (i-shí-k’e) - a woman’s brother-in-law, her
sister’s husband or her husbands brother [FL-Osage]; i-shi-k’e
(išíkʔe) - her sister’s husband, her husband’s brother, or
her husband’s sister’s husband (more precise than English ‘her
brother-in-law’) [CQ-Osage]; i-shi-k’e (ishík’e) -
brother-in-law, woman's husband's brother, this term means (or meant
at that) “her potential husband,” referring to the practice of a man
taking his brother's widow as a wife [Kaw]
►
wi-shi-k’e (wišikʔé) - my brother-in-law, a woman’s
brother-in-law
► Dhegiha:
wi-shi-k’e (wišíkʔe) - my sister’s husband, my
husband’s brother, used when speaker is female, more precise than
English “my brother-in-law” [CQ-Osage]
►
di-shi-k’e (dišikʔé) - your brother-in-law, a woman’s
brother-in-law
►
Dhegiha: thi-shi-k’e (ðišíkʔe) - your brother-in-law,
used when speaking to a woman about her sister’s husband, her
husband’s brother, or her husband’s sister’s husband [CQ-Osage]
►
i-shi-k’e-de (išíkʔede), e-shi-k’e-de (ešíkʔede)
- she, to have as a brother-in-law
►
i-shi-k’e-a-de (išíkʔeade) - I, i-shi-k’e-da-de
(išíkʔedade) - you
► Dhegiha:
i-shi-k’e-ye (ishík'eye) - call someone brother- in-law
or “potential husband” [Kaw]
in-law, a woman’s
sister-in-law
►
i-shi-kʰaⁿ (išíkʰą), e-shi-kaⁿ (ešíKą) - a woman’s
sister-in-law
►
wi-shi-kʰaⁿ (wišíkʰą) - my, di-shi-kaⁿ (dišíkʰą)
- your
► Dhegiha:
i-shi-koⁿ (ishíkoⁿ) - sister-in-law, her
sister-in-law, her husband’s sister ot hr brother’s wife
[Omaha/Ponca]; i-shi-kaⁿ (icíkaⁿ) - her sister-in-law
[JOD-Omaha]; i-shi-ʰkoⁿ (i-shí-ḳoⁿ) - a woman’s
sister-in-law, her brother’s wife or her husband’s sister
[FL-Osage]; i-shi-kxaⁿ (išíkxą) - her husband’s
sister, her husband’s brother’s wife, her brother’s wife, more
precise than English “her sister-in-law [CQ-Osage]; shi-kxaⁿ
(šíkxą) - her brother’s wife, her husband’s sister, her
husband’s brother’s wife, more precise than English “her
sister-in-law” [CQ-Osage]; i-shi-kʰaⁿ (ishíkhaⁿ) -
woman’s sister-in-law, woman’s husband’s sister [Kaw]
►
wi-shi-kʰaⁿ (wišíkʰą) - my sister-in-law, a woman’s
sister-in-law
► Dhegiha:
wi-si-kxa (wi-sí-kxą) - my sister-in-law, used only
when speaker is female [CQ-Osage]; shi-kxaⁿ (šíkxą) -
my brother’s wife, my husband’s sister, my usband’s brother’s wife,
more precise than English “my sister-in-law” [CQ-Osage]
►
di-shi-kaⁿ (dišíkʰą) - your sister-in-law, a woman’s
sister-in-law
► Dhegiha:
thi-shi-kaⁿ (¢icíkaⁿ) - your sister-in-law
[JOD-Omaha]; thi-shi-kxaⁿ (ðišíkxą) - your
sister-in-law, used when speaking to a woman about her brother’s
wife, her husband’s sister, or her husband’s brother’s wife
[CQ-Osage]; thi-si-kxaⁿ (ðisíkxą) - your
sister-in-law, probably used only when speaking to a woman about her
sister-in-law [CQ-Osage]; shi-kxaⁿ thi-ʰta (šíkxą ðíʰta)
- your brother’s wife, your husband’s sister, your husband;s
brother’s wife, used when addressee is female, more precise than
“your sister-in-law” [CQ-Osage]
►
i-shi-kʰaⁿ-de (išíkʰąde) - she to have as sister-in-law
►
i-shi-kʰaⁿ-a-de (išíkʰąadé) - I, i-shi-kʰaⁿ-da-de
(išíkʰądadé) - you
► Dhegiha:
i-shi-kaⁿ-the (i-cí-k͓aⁿ-ðĕ) - to have another female
for her i-shi-kaⁿ (icik͓aⁿ) [ JOD-Omaha];
i-shi-kʰaⁿ-ye (ishíkhaⁿye) - woman to call someone
sister-in-law; woman to have someone as a sister-in-law [Kaw]
in-law,
mother-in-law, grandmother
►
i-kaⁿ (ikką́), e-kaⁿ (eką́) - his or her
grandmother, mother-in-law
►
iⁿ-kaⁿ (įkką́) - my, di-kaⁿ (dikką́) - your
► ex:
ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-kaⁿ naⁿ-pa ti-kde ni-kʰa naⁿ i-ya (maštį́ke eką́
ną́pa ttikdé nikʰa ną iyá) - rabbit and his grandmother, the
both of them lived together, it is said (they say) [JOD]
► ex:
wa-sa ti-kde ke ta e-ti te na-ha i-ke i-ya e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (wasá
ttikdé ke tta étti tté nahá iké iyá eką́ nįkʰe) - do not go
to the village of the black bears, his grandmother said to him, it
is said (they say) [JOD]
► ex:
e-ti te na-ha i-yi i-ya e-kaⁿ-ki-dai (étti tté nahá iyí iyá
eką́kídai) - “you do not go there,” said his grandmother, it
is said (they say) [JOD]
► ex:
e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe-ti ti-aⁿ-hi kʰi-zhi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-shoⁿ e-kaⁿ
niⁿ-kʰe o-ki-te de koⁿ-da i-ya (eką́ nįkʰe-tti ttią́hi kʰi-ži iyá
maštį́ke, ešǫ́ eką́ nįkʰe okítte dé kǫdá iyá) - the rabbit
had not returned to his grandmother for a long time, it is said
(they say), then his grandmother wanted to go look for him, it is
said (they say) [JOD]
► ex:
e-kaⁿ a-kda de (eką́ akdá dé) - he went after (his own)
his grandmother [JOD]
► Dhegiha:
i-koⁿ (ikóⁿ) - grandmother, mother-in-law, someone’s
grandmother or mother-in-law, his or her grandmother or
mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; i-kaⁿ (iką́) - his
grandmother [JOD-Omaha]; i-ʰko
(i-ḳó)
- grandmother [FL-Osage]; i-ʰkoⁿ (i-ḳóⁿ) - a man’s
mother-in-law, his wife’s mother [FL-Osage]; i-ʰko (iiʰkó)
- my/his/her grandmother, father’s mother or mother’s mother
[CQ-Osage]; i-ko (ikó), i-koⁿ (ikóⁿ) -
his or her grandmother [Kaw]
►
iⁿ-kaⁿ (įkką́) - my grandmother
►
iⁿ-koⁿ (įkkǫ́) - my grandmother [MS, MR, OM]
► ex:
iⁿ-kaⁿ di-te-ke wa-sa niⁿ-kʰe ta e-ti da i-ye naⁿ aⁿ-naⁿ-ho-sa
naⁿ (įkką́ dítteke wasá niⁿkʰe tta étti dá iyé ną ąną́hosá naⁿ)
- my grandmother scolded me and said, “go to the black bear, your
uncle” [JOD]
► ex:
iⁿ-kaⁿ-e wa-sa ka-hi-ke t’e-a-de i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ
(įkką́-e wasá kahíke tʔeáde iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - my
grandmother, I have killed the black bear chief, said the rabbit, it
is said (they say) [JOD]
► ex:
iⁿ-kaⁿ-e t’e-a-de e-de (įkká-e tʔeáde edé) - O
grandmother, I have really killed him! [JOD]
► ex:
iⁿ-kaⁿ-e she iⁿ i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (įkką́-e šé į iyí iyá
maštį́ke tʰą) - “there he is, grandmother,” said the rabbit
[JOD]
► ex:
iⁿ-kaⁿ-e wa-sa ka-hi-ke t’e-a-de i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ
(įkką́-e wasá kahíke tʔeáde iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą)
- my grandmother, I have killed the black bear chief, said the
rabbit, it is said (they say) [JOD]
► ex: “a-wi-kda
a-tʰi iⁿ-kaⁿ,” i-ke (awíkda atʰí įkką́, iké) - he said to
her, “I have come for you (my own), grandmother” [JOD]
► Dhegiha:
wi-kaⁿ (wík͓aⁿ) - my grandmother,
mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; wi-kaⁿ (wiką́) - my
grandmother [JOD-Omaha];
i-ʰko-e (í-ḳo-e)
- my grandmother, used when addressing her [FL-Osage];
i-ʰko (iiʰkó)
- my/his/her grandmother, father’s mother or mother’s mother
[CQ-Osage]
i-koⁿ
(ikoⁿ),
wi-koⁿ (wikóⁿ) - my grandmother, grandmother’s mother,
great grandmother [Kaw]; i-koⁿ-e (íkoⁿ-e) - Oh
Grandmother! [Kaw]; wi-ko e (wíko é) - my grandmother
(male speaking) [Kaw]; wi-ko a (wíko á) - my
grandmother (female speaking) [Kaw]
►
di-kaⁿ (dikką́) - your grandmother
► Dhegiha:
thi-kaⁿ (¢ík͓aⁿ) - your grandmother, mother-in-law
[Omaha/Ponca]; thi-kaⁿ (thiką́) - your grandmother
[JOD-Omaha];
thi-ʰko (thi-ḳó)
- your grandmother [FL-Osage];
thi-ʰko (ðiiʰkó)
- your grandmother, paternal or maternal, your mother-in-law used
only when speaking to a woman [CQ-Osage]
►
i-kaⁿ-de (ikką́de), e-kaⁿ-de (eką́de) - to
have as a grandmother
►
i-kaⁿ-a-de (ikką́ade) - I, i-kaⁿ-da-de (ikką́dade) -
you
► Dhegiha:
i-kóⁿ-the (i-k͓aⁿ́-¢ĕ) - to have one for a grandmother
or mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; i-koⁿ-ye (ikóⁿye) - to
have as a grandmother [Kaw]
incessantly
►
i-ki-he (ikihé) - always, incessantly
► Dhegiha:
i-gi-ha (í-gi-ha) - always, ever, often, frequent,
incessant [FL-Osage]; i-ki-ha (íkiha) - always,
repeatedly [CQ-Osage]; i-gi-ha (ígiha) - always, ever,
without stopping [Kaw]
incisors
► hi
pe-shte (hi ppéšte) - teeth, incisors
► hi
pe-shte-te (hi ppéštette) - incisors
► cf.
hi (hi) - tooth, teeth
► Dhegiha:
hi pʰe-shte (hi pʰéshte) - incisors, front teeth
[Omaha/Ponca]; hi shpe-shte (hi shpéshte) - the four
front teeth [Omaha/Ponca]
incommunicative
►
maⁿ-shi hi (mą́ši hí) - high, high up, incommunicative
►
maⁿ-shi hi (mąší hi) - cliff
► cf:
maⁿ-shi (mąší) - heaven, upper, upward, high, above;
maⁿ-shi o-ki (mą́ši okkí) - Christian, lit. “talks on
high”; mo-sho-ki (móšokki) - church, contraction of
maⁿ-shi (mąší) - upward, heaven + o-ki (okí)
- speak, talk with one [AG]; maⁿ-shi o-ki o-ti (mą́ši okkí
ótti) - church, “house to talk above”; maⁿ-shi taⁿ-ka
(mąší ttą́ka) - mountain; maⁿ-shi de (mą́ši dé)
- go up, ascend; i-ha-zho maⁿ-shi (íhažó mąší) - upper
lip; i-shta-ha maⁿ-shi (ištáha mąší) - upper eyelid;
di-maⁿ-shi (dimą́ši) - pull up high
► ex:
da-wa-ta maⁿ-shi (dawattá mąší) - pray for up (you pray
to heaven) [MS]
► ex:
maⁿ-shi o-ki niⁿ-kʰe (mą́ši okkí nįkʰé) - pray (he/she is
praying) [MS]
► ex:
maⁿ-shi wa-koⁿ-ta kniⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (mąší wakǫ́ta knį nįkʰé) -
God is up there (God resides in heaven) [MS]
► ex:
iⁿ-ta-te wa-kaⁿ-ta maⁿ-shi niⁿ-kʰe (įttátte wakką́tta mąší nįkʰé)
- Father (God) is up in heaven [MS]
► ex:
wi-e mo-sho-ki a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe ka-sa-ni (wíe móšokki akdé tta mįkʰé kasáni)
- I am going to church in the morning (tomorrow) [AG]
► ex:
jhi-e mo-sho-ki da-kde (ǰíe móšokki dakdé) - did you go
to church yesterday? (you go to church?) [AG]
► Dhegiha:
moⁿ-shi a-di (moⁿshíadi) - tall, be very tall, extend
from the ground far up into the air [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-shi
a-ha (moⁿshiaha) - high [Omaha]; moⁿ-shi (móⁿ-shi)
- up above, the arch of heaven, zenith [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-shi
(mą́ši) - be upward or upright [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-shi
(máⁿshi) - high up, as the sun in the sky [Kaw];
maⁿ-shi-ta (maⁿshíta) - above, upper, e.g. upper teeth [Kaw]
incorrectly,
speak incorrectly
►
da-shi-ke (dašíke) - speak badly of or incorrectly
►
bda-shi-ke (bdášike) - I, ta-shi-ke (ttášike)
- you
► cf.
da (da) - by mouth; shi-ke (šíke) - bad;
kda-shi-ke (kdášike) - speak ill of one’s own
► Dhegiha:
tha-pi-a-zhi (thápíazhi) - speak badly, mispronounce,
speak evil, to speak a language incorrectly, to pronounce a word or
phrase badly, to speak evil of someone [Omaha/Ponca];
tha-ʰpi-zhi (tha-p̣í-zhi) - execrate [FL-Osage];
wa-tha-ʰpi-zhi (wa-thá-p̣i-zhi) - to disparage, to speak
evil of one [FL-Osage]
indeed, I indeed
►
mi-xti (míxti) - myself, I indeed, emphatic pronoun
► cf.
xti (-xti) - very, real, fully
► Dhegiha:
wi-xti (wíqti) - I myself [JOD-Omaha]; zhu-ga
wi-xti (zhúga wíqti) - I myself [Omaha/Ponca];
wi-e-xtsi (wíexci) - I myself, more emphatic form of
wi-e (wíe) [CQ-Osage]
indeed, really
►
e-de (edé), de (dé) - really, indeed
► ex:
ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰi e-de ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰi e-de i-ke-ya-we niⁿ i-ya
(maštį́ke tʰi edé maštį́ke tʰi edé íkeyáwe nį́ iyá) - “the
rabbit has come!, the rabbit has come!” they (black bears) said to
one another, it is said (they say) [JOD]
►
ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ-e t’e-a-de e-de (įkká-e tʔeáde edé) - O
grandmother, I have really killed him [JOD]
► ex:
wi-te-ke t’e-di-de ta e-de i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke niⁿ (wítteke
tʔédidé tta edé iyí iyá maštį́ke nį) - my uncle, you have
surely been killed, said the rabbit, they say [JOD]
► ex:
e-ti te na-ha i-di-si-si-ke hi ta-i e-de (étti tté nahá idísisike
hi ttai edé) - do not go there, they will sure enough abuse
you [JOD]
► ex:
de shoⁿ-hi toⁿ niⁿ-kʰe e-de, i-ke (dé šǫ́hi ttǫ́ ettí nįkʰé edé,
iké) - sure enough, there is a village in this direction, he
said to her [JOD]
► ex:
hoⁿ-ba de aⁿ-naⁿ-bnaⁿ miⁿ-kʰe e-de (hǫ́ba de ąną́bną mįkʰe edé)
- today, I am really tired of it [JOD]
► ex:
o-do-tʰe aⁿ-di-xe niⁿ e-de, wi-ti-kaⁿ, i-ke (ódotʰe ądíxe nį edé,
wittiką́, iké) - my grandfather, the man eater is sure
enough chasing me, she said to him [JOD]
► ex:
o! ka-tʰaⁿ wa-zhiⁿ de-da-zhi hi e-de, i-ye a-ta-ha (o! kátʰą
wažį́ dédaži hi edé, íye attahá) - pshaw! I have sure enough
lost my patience with him, he talks too much [JOD]
► ex:
she o-do-ha-ke de (šé odóhake dé) - that’s sure enough
the last one [JOD]
► ex:
miⁿ-da-kʰe de, e-te a-zhaⁿ (mį́dakʰe dé, etté ažą́) - I
think you are surely telling the truth [JOD]
► Dhegiha:
the (the) - an oral stop used by females [FL-Osage];
the (ðe) - indeed; sentence-final declarative marker,
“oral period”; probably once limited to female speech but now
optionally used by males as well [CQ-Osage]; e-ye (eyé)
- female emphatic particle, indeed [Kaw]
indefinite
pronoun
►
hi-te (hitté) - indefinite pronoun, (what)-ever
►
i-te (itté) - indefinite pronoun marker, -ever
► ex:
ha-ki e-hi-te (hakí ehitté) - anywhere, “where+soever”
[JOD]
► ex:
ha-ke hi-te (haké hitté), ha-ke i-te (haké itté)
- wherever, anywhere
► ex:
ha-na-ska-ska hi-te (hánaskáska hitté) - whatever size,
however big
► ex:
ha-naⁿ-hi-de (haną́hide) - however many/much
► ex:
ha-na-hi-te (hanáhitte) - a few, however many
► ex:
ha-na-i-te (haná itte) - however much or many
indefinite
article, a, one
►
miⁿ (mį) - a, indefinite article, one
► cf.
miⁿ-naⁿ-naⁿ (mįną́ną) - by ones, one each, one apiece;
miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one
►
ex: miⁿ t’e (mit-eh) - a death (mort un) [GI]
► ex:
ta-bde de tʰe taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ tʰi (tábde de tʰé tą níkkašíka
mį tʰí) - when you went hunting a person came [JOD]
►
ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka miⁿ kʰe t’e-da-de (wažį́ka mį kʰé tʔédade)
- you kill a bird [JOD]
► ex:
shka-te shoⁿ-niⁿ naⁿ-zha ma-sa-ni-taⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ ki-baⁿ
hi-de (škátte šǫ-nį́ ną́ža másanítą níkkašíka mį́ kíbą híde)
- after he had been playing awhile, a person called to him from the
other side (of the river) [JOD]
► ex:
wi-ti-kaⁿ, wa-x’o miⁿ de-do i-hi naⁿ i-da-de hoⁿ-zhi ae, i-ke (wittiką́,
waxʔó mį dédo íhi ną ídade hǫži ae, iké) - my grandfather,
did you not see a woman that arrived here?, he said to him [JOD]
►
ex: miⁿ-ti (mį́tti) - at one, to one, at a, to a [JOD]
► ex:
ti miⁿ-ti a-kʰi naⁿ (tti mį́tti akʰí ną) - when I arrive
back to a lodge [JOD]
► ex:
ti-kde miⁿ ti kʰi (ttíkde mį́-tti kʰí) - he arrived at
one lodge [JOD]
► ex:
ni-ka-shi-ka miⁿ (níkkašíka mį́) - one person [JOD]
► ex:
koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ di-ze naⁿ ta-i-ta o-naⁿ a-taⁿ di-ba-xe naⁿ o-zhi-ha
o-knaⁿ kaⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe (kóišǫ́ttą mį dizé ną ttáitta oną attą dibáxe ną
óžiha okną ką́-nįkʰé) - then he grabbed one, held it by the
neck and broke it, then put it in a bag [JOD]
► ex:
shi-naⁿ miⁿ kdi-ze naⁿ (šíną mį kdizé ną) - he took one
(of his own) again [JOD]
► Dhegiha:
wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one [Omaha/Ponca]; wiⁿ (wiⁿ)
- one [Omaha]; wiⁿ (wiⁿ) - one, single, a, indefinite
article [FL-Osage]; wiⁿ (wį) - a, an, one, single, any
one, one of a group [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ (miⁿ) - one, a,
an; indefinite article [Kaw]
index finger
►
we-da-ba-zo (wédabázo) - index or forefinger, “pointer”
►
we-da-ba-zo (wédabázo) - index or forefinger [MS]
►
we-da-ba-zo (wédabázo) - forefinger [JOD]
► cf.
a-ba-zo (ábazo) - point at; i-ha we-da-ba-zo (íha
wédabázo) - point with the lips
► ex:
maⁿ-shi niⁿ-kʰe taⁿ-ha we-da-ba-zo maⁿ-shi a-ba-zo (mą́ši nįkʰé
tą́ha wédabázo mąši ábazo) - because she was sitting above
(them), the index finger pointed up [JOD]
► ex:
ka-ti-ti-ze ki-ha naⁿ we-da-ba-zo ki-k’oⁿ-he (kattittíze kihá ną
wédabázo kíkʔǫhe) - when he finished clearing a spot, he
placed the index finger down [JOD]
► Dhegiha:
noⁿ-be hi we-a-ba-zu (noⁿbe hi weabaçu) - index finger
[Omaha]; we-a-ba-zu (wé-a-ba-çu) - the index or first
finger, a pointer [FL-Osage]; sha-ge we-a-ba-zu (shá-ge we-a-ba-çu)
- the index finger, the first finger used to point with [FL-Osage];
wa-a-pa-zo (wéapazo) - index finger, pointing finger,
literally with
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