Quapaw Dictionary

English to Quapaw Dictionary
A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z
Quapaw Sources	Dhegiha Sources

drink

► da-taⁿ (dattą́) - drink ► bda-taⁿ (bdáttą) - I, ta-taⁿ (ttáttą) - you

► da-taⁿ (dat-ton) - drink (boire) [GI]

► cf. ni i-da-taⁿ (ni ídattą́) - cup, “with which to drink water” [MS]; ni-da-taⁿ-i-yaⁿ ka-tʰe (nidáttąiyą́ katʰé) - ladle out with a cup

► ex: bda-taⁿ koⁿ-bda (bdattą́ kkǫbdá) - I want a drink [MS]

► ex: bda-taⁿ te (bdattą́ tte) - I will/would drink

► ex: bda-taⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (bdattą́ mįkʰé) - I am drinking

► ex: bda-taⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (bdattą́ tta mįkʰé) - I will be drinking

► ex: bda-taⁿ oⁿ-maⁿ (bdattą́ ǫmą́) - I used to drink

► ex: bda-taⁿ naⁿ (bdattą́ ną) - I drink, I'm a drunkard

► ex: bda-taⁿ zhi (bdattą́ ži) - I don't/didn't drink

► ex: bda-taⁿ zhi ta miⁿ-kʰe (bdattą́ ži tta mįkʰé) - I won't go on drinking

► ex: ta-taⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (ttattą́ nįkʰé) - you are drinking

► ex: ta-taⁿ zhoⁿ (ttattą́ žǫ́) - you used to drink

► ex: ta-taⁿ naⁿ (ttattą́ ną) - you drink, you're a drunkard

► ex: da-taⁿ zhi (dattą́ ži) - she/he doesn't/didn't drink

► ex: da-taⁿ (dattą́) - drink it!

► ex: aⁿ-da-taⁿ-wa (ądáttąwá) - let us drink (it)!

► Dhegiha: tha-tʰoⁿ (thatʰóⁿ) - drink, to drink [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-ʰtoⁿ (tha-ṭóⁿ) - to drink, to quaff [FL-Osage]; tha-ʰtaⁿ(ðaaʰtą́) - drink [CQ-Osage]; ya-taⁿ (yatáⁿ) - drink [Kaw]

► kda-taⁿ (kdattą́) - drink one's own ► a-kda-taⁿ (akdáttą) - I, da-kda-taⁿ (dakdáttą) - you

► cf. ki (ki) - one’s own; da-taⁿ (dattą́) - drink

► a-da-shtaⁿ (ádaštą) - stop activity with the mouth, talking, drinking, eating, etc. ► a-bda-shtaⁿ (ábdaštą) - I, a-ta-shtaⁿ (áttaštą) - you

► cf. di-shtaⁿ (dištą́) - finish, complete

► ex: e-shoⁿ o-kʰe a-da-shtaⁿ-taⁿ (ešǫ́ okʰé ádaštąttą) - and when he stopped talking to him....

► Dhegiha: tha-shtoⁿ (tha-shtóⁿ) - to finish doing something with the mouth; to stop talking, eating, drinking, singing, crying, etc. [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-shtoⁿ (tha-shtóⁿ) - to stop whatever one is doing [FL-Osage]; tha-shtaⁿ (ðaaštą́) - finish eating or drinking, end or stop and activity involving the mouth [CQ-Osage]; ya-shtaⁿ (yashtáⁿ) - stop eating, drinking, talking, crying, singing, to be done with any of those activities [Kaw]

drip

► a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

► cf. di-ts’e (ditsʔé) - drip liquid; di-ts’e-ts’e (ditsʔétsʔe) - drip periodically; o-ts’e (otsʔé) - drop of any liquid; o-ts’e-kʰi-de (otsʔékʰide) - cause to drip

► Dhegiha: u-ga-‘e (ugá’e) - drip, drop [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-e’e (gae’e) - drip, dripping, dribble of water [Omaha]; a-ga-ʰts’e (a-gá-ṭs’e) - to drop as water, to drop water on some object [FL-Osage]; a-ga-ts’e-ts’e (ágats’ets’e), a-ga-ts’a-ts’a (ágats’ats’a) - cause to drip, fall in drops, sprinkle [Kaw]

► di-ts’e (ditsʔé) - drip liquid ► bdi-ts’e (bdítsʔe) - I, ti-ts’e (ttítsʔe) - you

► cf. di-ts’e-ts’e (ditsʔétsʔe) - drip periodically; o-ts’e (otsʔé) - drop of any liquid; o-ts’e-kʰi-de (otsʔékʰide) - cause to drip; a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

► di-ts’e-ts’e (ditsʔétsʔe) - drip periodically ► bdi-ts’e-ts’e (bdítsʔetsʔe) - I, ti-ts’e-ts’e (ttítsʔetsʔe) - you

► cf. di-ts’e (ditsʔé) - drip liquid; o-ts’e (otsʔé) - drop of any liquid; o-ts’e-kʰi-de (otsʔékʰide) - cause to drip; a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

► o-ts’e-kʰi-de (otsʔékʰide) - cause to drip ► o-ts’e-a-kʰi-de (otsʔéakʰide) - I, o-ts’e-da-kʰi-de (otsʔédakʰide) - you

► cf. o-ts’e (otsʔé) - drop of any liquid; di-ts’e (ditsʔé) - drip liquid; di-ts’e-ts’e (ditsʔétsʔe) - drip periodically; a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

drive in, drive a nail

► o-ka-taⁿ (okáttą) - drive in, as nails in a board ► o-a-ka-taⁿ (oákattą) - I, o-da-ka-taⁿ (odákattą) - you

► cf. ma-ze snaⁿ-ka o-ka-taⁿ (máze sną́kka okáttą) - drive a nail into something

► Dhegiha: o-ga-doⁿ (ogadoⁿ) - pound [Omaha]; u-ga-doⁿ (u-gá-doⁿ) - to nail down a board or nail up a box [FL-Osage]; o-ga-daⁿ (ogádaⁿ) - drive a nail into something [Kaw]

► ma-ze snaⁿ-ka o-ka-taⁿ (máze sną́kka okáttą) - drive a nail into something

► cf. ma-ze snaⁿ-ka (máze sną́kka) - nail; o-ka-taⁿ (okáttą) - drive in, as nails in a board

drive off

► ba-zhi (baží) - drive something or someone off ► pa-zhi (ppáži) - I, shpa-zhi (špáži) - you

► cf. ba-zhi de-de (baží déde) - scare out, flush out; naⁿ-zhi-we (nąžíwe) - drive, flush out with the feet

► ex: wa-ba-zhi (wábaží) - drive them off [MS, FR]

► Dhegiha: ba-si (basí) - to drive one animal [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-a-ze (ábaazé) - to drive, as a pony or ox [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ba-a-ze (ába açe) - drive [Omaha]; ba-a-ze (ba açe) - scare [Omaha]; ba-zhi (ba-çí) - to drive away [FL-Osage]; ka-zhi (kaaží) - drive a vehicle, herd animals [CQ-Osage]; ga-zhiⁿ (gazhíⁿ) - whip, drive a horse [Kaw]

► ba-zhi de-de (baží déde) - scare out, flush out ► pa-zhi de-a-de (ppáži déade) - I, shpa-zhi de-da-de (špáži dédade) - you

► cf. ba-zhi (baží) - drive something or someone off; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go; wa-ba-zhi (wábaží) - drive them off [MS, FR]; naⁿ-zhi-we (nąžíwe) - drive, flush out with the feet

► naⁿ-zhi-we (nąžíwe) - drive, flush out with the feet ► a-naⁿ-zhi-we (aną́žiwe) - I, da-naⁿ-zhi-we (daną́žiwe) - you

► cf. ba-zhi (baží) - drive something or someone off; ba-zhi de-de (baží déde) - scare out, flush out; wa-ba-zhi (wábaží) - drive them off [MS, FR]

drizzle

► ni-zhi xo-ta (nižíxottá) - mist, drizzle

► cf. ni-zhi (niží) - rain, it is raining; ni-zhi xo-ta tʰe (nižíxottá tʰe) - it is misting; ni-zhi xo-ta hi-de (nižíxottá híde) - mist, drizzle

► Dhegiha: ni-zhu xo-ʰtaⁿ (níižu xóʰtą) - drizzle, mist, fine raindrops, lit., “small rain” [CQ-Osage]; nu-zho-xo-ta (nuzhóxota) - sprinkle, fine rain mixed with snow [Kaw]

► ni-zhi xo-ta hi-de (nižíxottá híde) - mist, drizzle

► cf. ni-zhi (niží) - rain, it is raining; hi-de (híde) - precipitate, as rain, snow; ni-zhi xo-ta (nižíxottá) - mist, drizzle; ni-zhi xo-ta tʰe (nižíxottá tʰe) - it is misting;

► Dhegiha: na-zhiⁿ (nazhíⁿ) - rain, to rain [Omaha/Ponca]; noⁿ-zhiⁿ ta-ka (noⁿzhiⁿ taka) - rain [Omaha]; ni-zhiu (ni-zhiú) - rain [FL-Osage]; ni-zhu (níižu) - rain [CQ-Osage]; ni-zhu (nizhú), nu-zhu (nuzhú) - rain [Kaw]

drop

► o-ts’e (otsʔé) - drop of any liquid

► cf. di-ts’e (ditsʔé) - drip liquid; di-ts’e-ts’e (ditsʔétsʔe) - drip periodically; o-ts’e-kʰi-de (otsʔékʰide) - cause to drip; a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

► Dhegiha: o-ts’e-ts’e (ots’éts’e) - whatever is dripping, in reference to liquids [Kaw]

► a-ka-ch’e-che’e (ákačʔéčʔe) - drip onto an object, drop by drop

drum

► de-ho-di-ki (dehodíkki) - drum

► de-ho-di-ki (dehodíkki) - drum [MS]

► cf. de-xe (déγe) - pot, kettle; o-di-tʰiⁿ (oditʰį) - to strike, hit by hand; de-ho-di-ki o-tʰiⁿ (dehodíkki otʰį́) - drumstick; de-xo-di-tiⁿ o-tʰiⁿ (d^¢exud^¢itiⁿ utiⁿ) - drum, beat drum, strike [JOD]

► Dhegiha: ʰtse-xe-ni (ṭsé-xe-ni) - tomtom, drum [FL-Osage]; tse-xe-ni (céɣenii) - drum [CQ-Osage]; je-ghe-yiⁿ (jégheyiⁿ), je-ghe iⁿ (jeghe iⁿ) - drum, the Kansa use two kinds, the zhaⁿ je-ghe yiⁿ (zháⁿjegheyiⁿ) and the je-ghe-yiⁿ da-zhe (jégheyiⁿ dázhe) or round drum, which is flatter and lighter than the other [Kaw]

drum against by shooting

► po-ko-ko (pókkokko) - drum against by shooting ► po-a-ko-ko (poakkokko) - I, po-da-ko-ko (pódakkokko) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ko (bakkókko) - drum repeatedly; bi-ko-ko (bikkókko) - drum with the palm repeatedly; ka-ko-ko (kakkókko) - beat a drum repeatedly; naⁿ-ko-ko (nąkkókko) - drum with the feet

drum on ground or floor with feet

► naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet ► a-naⁿ-ko-ke (aną́kkoke) - I, da-naⁿ-ko-ke (daną́kkoke) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door; bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm; ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: noⁿ-ko-ge (noⁿ-kó-ge) - a thud, as of stamping the foot [FL-Osage]

drum on something with palm

► bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm ► pi-ko-ke (ppíkkoke) - I, shpi-ko-ke (špíkkoke) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door; ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum; naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: ku-ge (kúge) - drum, box [Omaha]; ʰko-ge (ḳo-gé), ʰku-ge (ḳu-gé) - sound of a drum when beaten, the sound produced by striking a drum, the sound of something soft and heavy falling to the ground, a thud [FL-Osage]; ko-ge (kóge) - make a hollow sound, hollow soundlike a drum [Kaw]

drum repeatedly

► ba-ko-ko (bakkókko) - drum repeatedly ► pa-ko-ko (ppákkokko) - I, shpa-ko-ko (špákkokko) - you

► cf. bi-ko-ko (bikkókko) - drum with the palm repeatedly; ka-ko-ko (kakkókko) - beat a drum repeatedly; naⁿ-ko-ko (nąkkókko) - drum with the feet; po-ko-ko (pókkokko) - drum against by shooting

drum with the feet

► naⁿ-ko-ko (nąkkókko) - drum with the feet ► a-naⁿ-ko-ko (aną́kkokko) - I, da-naⁿ-ko-ko (daną́kkokko) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ko (bakkókko) - drum repeatedly; bi-ko-ko (bikkókko) - drum with the palm repeatedly; ka-ko-ko (kakkókko) - beat a drum repeatedly; po-ko-ko (pókkokko) - drum against by shooting

drum with the palm repeatedly

► bi-ko-ko (bikkókko) - drum with the palm repeatedly ► pi-ko-ko (ppíkkokko) - I, shpi-ko-ko (špíkkokko) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ko (bakkókko) - drum repeatedly; ka-ko-ko (kakkókko) - beat a drum repeatedly; naⁿ-ko-ko (nąkkókko) - drum with the feet; po-ko-ko (pókkokko) - drum against by shooting

drum, beat a drum

► ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum ► a-ko-ke (ákkoke) - I, da-ko-ke (dákkoke) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door; bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm; naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: ga-ku-ge (ga-k͓ú-ge) - to make a hollow sound by hitting a cube, box, or some other hollow object, or by striking wood or a floor [JOD-Omaha/Ponca]; ga-ʰko-ge (ga-ḳó-ge) - a thud or heavy sound caused by dropping a stick [FL-Osage]; ga-ko-ge (gakóge) - hit, beat, as a drum, to beat on [Kaw]

drum, beat a drum repeatedly

► ka-ko-ko (kakkókko) - beat a drum repeatedly ► a-ko-ko (ákkokko) - I, da-ko-ko (dákkokko) - you

► cf. ba-ko-ko (bakkókko) - drum repeatedly; bi-ko-ko (bikkókko) - drum with the palm repeatedly; naⁿ-ko-ko (nąkkókko) - drum with the feet; po-ko-ko (pókkokko) - drum against by shooting

drum, thump as on a door

► ba-ko-ke (bakkóke) - drum, thump as on a door ► pa-ko-ke (ppákkoke) - I, shpa-ko-ke (špákkoke) - you

► cf. bi-ko-ke (bikkóke) - drum on something with palm; ka-ko-ke (kakkóke) - beat a drum; naⁿ-ko-ke (nąkkóke) - drum on ground or floor with feet; po-ko-ke (pókkoke) - rumbling from shooting against

► Dhegiha: ba-ʰko-ge (ba-ḳó-ge) - thud sound from striking, a thud caused by thrusting a stick against an object [FL-Osage]; ba-ko-ge (bakóge) - make a hollow sound by thrusting with a stick or similar object [Kaw]

drumfish

► ho da-tʰe (ho dátʰe), ho da-te (ho dátte) - drumfish

► cf. ho (ho) - fish

► Dhegiha: hu-hu (huhú) - fish [Omaha/Ponca]; ho (ho) - fish, both Osage and Omaha use fish for food [FL-Osage]; ho (hó) - fish [CQ-Osage]; ho (ho) - fish [Kaw]

drumstick

► de-ho-di-ki o-tʰiⁿ (dehodíkki otʰį́) - drumstick

► de-ho-di-ki o-tʰiⁿ (dehodíkki otʰį́) - drumstick [MS]

► de-xo-di-tiⁿ o-tʰiⁿ (d^¢exud^¢itiⁿ utiⁿ) - drum, beat drum, strike [JOD]

► cf. de-xe (déγe) - pot, kettle; o-di-tʰiⁿ (oditʰį) - to strike, hit by hand; o-tʰiⁿ (otʰį́) - strike, slap, hit; de-ho-di-ki (dehodíkki) - drum

► Dhegiha: u-tiⁿ (utíⁿ) - beat, hit, spank, strike, club, a blow [Omaha]; u-tsiⁿ (ú-tsiⁿ) - to maul, to beat, to pound, to strike, to give a drubbing, to thrash [FL-Osage]; o-tsʰiⁿ (ócʰį) - hit or beat things, such as a drum [CQ-Osage]; o-chiⁿ (ochíⁿ) - hit [Kaw]

drunk, confused

► kdaⁿ-ni-ke (kdąníke) - drunk, confused ► aⁿ-kdaⁿ-ni-ke (ąkdąniké) - I

► ex: aⁿ-kdaⁿ-ni-ke (ąkdąniké) - I'm drunk [MS]

► ex: kdaⁿ-ni-ka-wi-a-we ki-zoⁿ (kdąníkawi áwe kkizǫ́) - they said that, they all drunk, some of them [MS]

► ex: ni-kaⁿ-saⁿ kdaⁿ-ni-ke wa-x′o di-shi-shi-ke wi-a-we (nikkąsą́ kdąníke waxʔó dišíšike wiáwe) - sometime they treat a woman mean, that’s the way they, they do, they say, they, all soldiers drunk then [MS]

► ex: kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ, i-she koⁿ-bda zhi, kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ ta (kdąníke kibą, išé kkǫbdá ži, kdąníke kibą ta) - I don’t want you to say, when I’m drinking around here [MS]

► Dhegiha: gthoⁿ-thiⁿ (gthóⁿthiⁿ) - foolish, silly [Omaha/Ponca]; gthoⁿ-thiⁿ (gthoⁿ́-thiⁿ) - to be drunk [FL-Osage]; loⁿ-thiⁿ (lǫ́ðį) - be drunk, inebriated, intoxicated [CQ-Osage]; loⁿ-yiⁿ (lóⁿyiⁿ) - foolish, bewildered, distracted [Kaw]

drunkard

► da-taⁿ naⁿ (dattą́ ną) - drunkard, “drinks habitually, all the time, usually”

► cf. da-taⁿ (dattą́) - drink; naⁿ (ną), noⁿ (nǫ) - habitual

► ex: bda-taⁿ naⁿ (bdattą́ ną) - I drink, I'm a drunkard

► ex: ta-taⁿ naⁿ (ttattą́ ną) - you drink, you're a drunkard

► Dhegiha: noⁿ (noⁿ), hnoⁿ (hnoⁿ) - always, usually, only [Omaha/Ponca]; noⁿ (noⁿ) - usually, customarily [FL-Osage]; naⁿ (ną), noⁿ (nǫ) - always, repeatedly, habitually, customarily, usually, recurringly, continually, continue to, used to, distributed to each [CQ-Osage]; hnaⁿ (hnaⁿ) - habitual aspect, usually, always, generally [Kaw]

dry

► bi-ze (bizé) - dry

► bi-ze (bizé) - dry [MR]

► cf. i-bi-ze (íbizé), ni i-bi-ze (ni íbizé) - be thirsty; a-ki-ta-bi-ze (ákittabíze) - dry on one, as wet clothes

► ex: naⁿ-pe bi-ze ka-xa (nąpé bizé kaγá) - make dry hands! (dry your hands!) [MS]

► Dhegiha: bi-ze (bíze) - dry, thirsty, not wet [Omaha/Ponca]; bi-ze (biçe) - dried [Omaha]; pi-ze (piçe) - dry, evaporate [Omaha]; bi-ze (bí-çe), biu-ze (biú-çe) - to dry, dry, as withered [FL-Osage]; pu-ze (púze) - dry, wither [CQ-Osage]; bu-ze (búze) - be dry, as clothing, ground, etc. [Kaw]

dry on one, as wet clothes

► a-ki-ta-bi-ze (ákittabíze) - dry on one, as wet clothes

► cf. a (á) - upon; ki (ki) - for oneself; ta (tta) - by heat; bi-ze (bizé) - dry; i-bi-ze (íbizé), ni i-bi-ze (ni íbizé) - be thirsty

► Dhegiha: da-bi-ze (da-bi-çe), da-biu-ze (dá-biu-çe) - to dry by heat, heat for drying [FL-Osage]; ta-pu-ze (táapuze) - dry from heat, lit., “by heat dry”, boil dry [CQ-Osage]; da-bu-ze (dábuze) - dry from exposure to heat or air [Kaw]

dry out from breaking

► di-xe-ka (dixéka) - dry out from breaking (limbs) ► bdi-xe-ka (bdíxeka) - I, ti-xe-ka (ttíxeka) - you

► cf. xe-ka (xéka) - dry, without sap; pa-hi xe-ka (ppahí xéka) - skull, lit. “dried head”

► Dhegiha: xe-ga (qéga) - dried, dead, as a branch or tree [Omaha/Ponca]; xe-ga (xé-ga) - dead, as tall grass or tree [FL-Osage]; xe-ka (xéka) - dead from drying up, e.g., a vegetable, dried [CQ-Osage]

dry up

► ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil ► pa-ta-xe (ppáttaxe) - I, shpa-ta-xe (špáttaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry ► pi-ta-xe (ppíttaxe) - I, shpi-ta-xe (špíttaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot ► bdi-ta-xe (bdíttaxe) - I, ti-ta-xe (ttíttaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk ► pa-a-ta-xe (páattaxe) - I, pa-da-ta-xe (pádattaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching ► po-a-ta-xe (póattaxe) - I, po-da-ta-xe (pódattaxe) - you

► cf. ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► ta-ta-xe (táttaxe) - dry up and die, as vegetation from the sun

► cf. ta (tá) - by heat, extreme temperature; ta-xe (táxe) - dried up, dead from heat/cold, used with almost all instrumental prefixes; ba-ta-xe (battáxe) - dry up, root up the soil; bi-ta-xe (bittáxe) - dry up, press dry; da-ta-xe (dattáxe) - dry up from being gnawed; di-ta-xe (dittáxe) - dry out by pulling up, uproot; ka-ta-xe (kattáxe) - crack and die from being cut, as corn; pa-ta-xe (páttaxe) - cut and dry up, e.g. cornstalk; po-ta-xe (póttaxe) - cause to dry up from punching

dry, without sap

► xe-ka (xéka) - dry, without sap

► cf. pa-hi xe-ka (ppahí xéka) - skull, lit. “dried head”; di-xe-ka (dixéka) - dry out from breaking (limbs)

► xe-ka taⁿ (qek͓á taⁿ) - masculine name, father of wa-ti-zhi (watíji) [JOD]

► xe-ka taⁿ (Krakaton) - Dry Man, Treaty of St. Louis with the Quapaw (1818)

► xe-ka taⁿ (Hackatton) - Chief, Treaty with the Quapaw (1833)

► xe-ka taⁿ (Hackehton) - Treaty with the Quapaw (1824)

dry, wring dry

► di-sh’e (dišʔé) - wring dry ► bdi-sh’e (bdíšʔe) - I, ti-sh’e (ttíšʔe) - you

► cf. bi-sh’e (bišʔé) - scrub, bear down washing

dual

► da-tʰe (-datʰe), da-te (-datté) - dual

► cf. de-da-tʰe (dédatʰe) - these du/st/in; ka-da-tʰe (kádatʰe) - those du/st/iv/in; koi-da-tʰe (kóidatʰé) - those remote du/st/vi/in; ko-wa-da-te (kówadatté) - those du/st/in or collections; she-da-tʰe (šédatʰe) - those du/st/vi/in objects; to-wa-da-tʰe (tówadatʰé) - those du/st or cl/in objects on this side

► ex: zhoⁿ ko-wa-da-te (žǫ kówadatté) - yon two trees

dual, ours

► aⁿ-ko-ta (ąkótta), oⁿ-ko-ta (ǫkótta) - our, the two of ours, (dual)

► cf. wi-ta (wítta) - my, mine; di-ta (dítta) - your, yours; i-ta (ittá) - his, hers; oⁿ-ko-ta-we (ǫkóttawe) - our, ours (plural)

► ex: shoⁿ-ke aⁿ-ko-ta (šǫ́ke ąkótta) - our dog

► Dhegiha: oⁿ-gu-ta (óⁿgúta) - our [JOD-Omaha]; aⁿ-ko-ta (ąkóta) - we, us [CQ-Osage]; aⁿ-go-ta (aⁿgóta) - our, ours, be ours [Kaw]

duck

► miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck (generic)

► mi-xa (míγa) - duck [MS]

► mi-xa (mĭchah) - duck (canard) [GI]

► mi-xa (mí˙xa) - duck [FV]

► mi-hkʰa (mí˙hk'a) - duck [VG]

► cf. miⁿ-xa ska (mį́γa ska) - goose, large white variety; miⁿ-xa taⁿ-ka (mį́γa ttą́ka) - wild or Canada goose

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck, goose, game bird or other large bird [CQ-Osage]

► mi-xa zhi-ka (míγa žika) - duck [OM]

► cf. miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck; zhi-ka (žiká), (žíka), zhi-ga (žigá) - small, little, young

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-xa zhiⁿ-ga (míⁿxazhíⁿga) - duck [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-xa zhiⁿ-ga (míxa zhiⁿga) - duckling [Omaha]; mi-xa zhiⁿ-ga (mí-xa zhiⁿ-ga) - a teal duck [FL-Osage]; miⁿ-gha zhiⁿ-ga (míⁿgha zhíⁿga) - duck, the Kanza know six varieties, lit., “small goose” [Kaw]

► miⁿ-xa knoⁿ-ke (mį́γa knǫ́ke) - diving duck

► cf. miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-xa wa-gthoⁿ-xe (míⁿxa wagthóⁿxe) - diving duck [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-xa wa-gthoⁿ-xe (míxa wagthoⁿxe) - blue winged teal duck [Omaha]

► miⁿ-xa ti xo-te (mį́γa tti xótte) - small duck with grey feathers

cf. miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck; xo-te (xótte), (xotté) - gray

► pa-xoⁿ-te (ppaxǫ́tte) - mallard or blue neck duck

Dhegiha: pa-hiⁿ-tu (páhiⁿ tu) - green-necked duck [Omaha/Ponca]; pa-hi-tu (páhitu) - green headed duck, mallard duck [Omaha]; ʰpa-hi-tu (p̣á-hi-ṭu) - the mallard duck [FL-Osage]

dug

► wa-ti-he (wattíhe) - cache dug by mice for food

► cf. wa-ti-xe (wattíxe) - cache, cellar

► Dhegiha: ti-he (tíhe) - hole where a field mouse buries its store of beans for the winter [Omaha/Ponca]

dull

► da-to-ke (dattóke) - dull, wear the teeth, blunt ► bda-to-ke (bdáttoke) - I, ta-to-ke (ttáttoke) - you

► cf. ba-to-ke (battóke) - wear away, wear out; bi-to-ke (bittóke) - wear away by rubbing or file; di-to-ke (dittóke) - dull, blunt a tool; ka-to-ke (kattóke) - wear down by striking, to dull; naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes; pa-to-ke (páttoke) - wear away a knife blade; po-to-ke (póttoke) - dull by punching, as a spear

► di-to-ke (dittóke) - dull, blunt a tool ► bdi-to-ke (bdíttoke) - I, ti-to-ke (ttíttoke) - you

► cf. ba-to-ke (battóke) - wear away, wear out; bi-to-ke (bittóke) - wear away by rubbing or file; da-to-ke (dattóke) - dull, wear the teeth, blunt; ka-to-ke (kattóke) - wear down by striking, to dull; naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes; pa-to-ke (páttoke) - wear away a knife blade; po-to-ke (póttoke) - dull by punching, as a spear

► ka-to-ke (kattóke) - wear down by striking, to dull ► a-to-ke (áttoke) - I, da-to-ke (dáttoke) - you

► cf. ba-to-ke (battóke) - wear away, wear out; bi-to-ke (bittóke) - wear away by rubbing or file; da-to-ke (dattóke) - dull, wear the teeth, blunt; di-to-ke (dittóke) - dull, blunt a tool; naⁿ-to-ke (nąttóke) - wear down by walking, as shoes; pa-to-ke (páttoke) - wear away a knife blade; po-to-ke (póttoke) - dull by punching, as a spear

► ka-be-shiⁿ (kabéšį) - dull a tool trying to sharpen it

► cf. be-shiⁿ (béšį) - curved, flared; di-be-shiⁿ (dibešį́) - bend something backwards

► Dhegiha: be-shiⁿ (bé-shiⁿ) - the shape of a china cup which flares at the top [FL-Osage]; be-shiⁿ (béshiⁿ) - folded over, hanging down, be bent [Kaw]

► ka-poi-zhi (kappóiži) - dull from repeated use

► cf. po-hiⁿ (ppohį́), poi (ppoí) - sharp; zhi (zhi) - not, negation; ka-poi ka-xe (kappói káγe) - sharpen with a whetstone; wa-poi (wapói) - sharp object, a weapon

► Dhegiha: pa-i-a-zhi (páiazhi) - dull, blunt [Omaha/Ponca]; pa-ya-zhi (payazhi) - dull [Omaha]; ba-iⁿ-zhi (bá-iⁿ-zhi) - dull [FL-Osage]; ʰpa-hiⁿ-zhi (ʰpaahį́ži) - be dull [CQ-Osage]

dull sound

► ka-xa-xa-da (kaxáxada) - thump, make a dull sound ► a-xa-xa-da (áxaxada) - I, da-xa-xa da (dáxaxada) - you

► cf. di-xa-xa-da (dixáxada) - clatter, noise of planks

dumplings

► wa-ske di-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (wáske dišǫ́šǫ) - corn dumplings

► cf. wa-ske (wáske) - bread; di-shoⁿ-shoⁿ (dišǫ́šǫ) - mold spherical with hands; shoⁿ-shoⁿ (šǫ́šǫ) - round, spherical

► Dhegiha: wa-mu-ske (wamúçke) - bread, barley [Omaha]; wa-mu-ske (wamúske) - wheat, bread, wheat bread [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-bo-ske (wa-bó-çke) - wheat, flour [FL-Osage]; wa-bo-ski (wabóski) - bread, wheat flour [Kaw]

► ha-zi te-ni (házitténi) - grape dumplings, “grape soup” [OM]

► cf. ha-zi (házi) - grape; ta-ni-o-hoⁿ (ttanióhǫ), ta-niu-hoⁿ (ttanǘhǫ), ta-ni-o-hoⁿ-de (ttanióhǫde), ta-niu-hoⁿ-de (ttanǘhǫde) - soup, beef soup, “meat cooked in water”

► Dhegiha: ta-ni (taní) - soup [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰta-ni (ṭa-ní) - soup, broth [FL-Osage]; ʰta-ni (ʰtaaníi) - soup, broth, consommé [CQ-Osage]; ta-niⁿ (ta níⁿ) - soup [Kaw]

dung

► iⁿ-kde (įkdé) - dung, manure

► cf. iⁿ-kde o-ba-toⁿ-da (įkdé obáttǫda) - tumble bug, “dung roller”

► Dhegiha: iⁿ-gthe (iⁿgthé) - dung, feces, manure, excrement [Omaha/Ponca]; iⁿ-gthe (iⁿgthe) - manure [Omaha]; iⁿ-gthe (iⁿ-gthé) - dung, excrement [FL-Osage]; iⁿ-le (įlé) - excrement, feces, dung, ordure, excretory function, bowels [CQ-Osage]; i-le (ilé) - dung, manure, excrement [Kaw]

► iⁿ-kde o-ba-toⁿ-da (įkdé obáttǫda) - tumble bug, “dung roller”

► cf. iⁿ-kde (įkdé) - dung, manure; o-bi-taⁿ-da (obíttąttą́da) - roll something repeatedly in something; o-di-taⁿ-da (odíttąda) - turn something, pull around; o-di-taⁿ-taⁿ-da (odíttąttą́da) - roll something over and over; o-ka-toⁿ-ta (okáttǫta) - wheel

► Dhegiha: iⁿ-gthu-ba-ʰtoⁿ-tha (iⁿgthú-ba-ṭoⁿ-tha) - the tumbling or dung beetle [FL-Osage]; i-le o-ba-taⁿ-yaⁿ (ilé obatáⁿyaⁿ) - tumblebug, dung beetle [Kaw]

dusk, twilight

► hoⁿ-sa-we (hǫ́sawé) - twilight

► cf. haⁿ (hą), hoⁿ (hǫ) - night; sa (sa) - black that is near, distinct; se-we (séwe) - black, rarely used, sa (sa) being more common; sha-we (šawe), sha-pe (šápe) - black, distant or indistinct

► Dhegiha: haⁿ-sha-sha-be (haⁿsháshabe) - dusk, twilight [Kaw]

dust

► ma-sho-sho-te (mášošótte) - dust

► cf. ma-sho-te (mašótte) - fog; i-ka-sho-te (íkašótte) - blizzard; a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - fine dust, to have fine dust blown upon one; sho-te (šótte) - smoke; sho-te ta-zi (šótte ttázi) - soot, yellowed by smoke; ta-ni sho-te (ta-ni sho-te (taní šótte) - tobacco smoke [AB, OM]

► Dhegiha: shu-shu-de (shúshude) - dusty [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-sho-sho-dse (moⁿ-shó-sho-dse) - dust, dusty, soft mud along the edges of a stream [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-sho-sho-tse (mąąšóšoce) - be dusty [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-sho-sho-je (maⁿshóshoje) - dust on the ground [Kaw]

► a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - fine dust, to have fine dust blown upon one ► aⁿ-ka-sho-te (ą́kašotte) - on me, a-di-ka-sho-te (ádikašótte) - on you

► cf. i-ka-sho-te (íkašótte) - blizzard; ma-sho-sho-te (mášošótte) - dust; ma-sho-te (mašótte) - fog; a-ka-sho-te (ákašótte) - fine dust, to have fine dust blown upon one; sho-te (šótte) - smoke; sho-te ta-zi (šótte ttázi) - soot, yellowed by smoke; ta-ni sho-te (ta-ni sho-te (taní šótte) - tobacco smoke [AB, OM]

► ex: aⁿ-ka-sho-te a-maⁿ-bdiⁿ (ą́kašótte amą́bdį) - I walk while dust is blowing on me

► ex: a-di-ka-sho-te da-maⁿ-tiⁿ (ádikašótte damą́tį) - you walk while dust is blowing on you

► ex: a-ka-sho-te maⁿ-niⁿ (ákašótte mąnį́) - to walk while fine dust or snow is blowing on him

► Dhegiha: ga-sho-dse (ga-shó-dse) - the filling of the air by dust blown by strong wind [FL-Osage]

► pi-za (ppíza) - desert, dust [MS]

► pi-za (ppíza) - sand

► Dhegiha: pi-za (pizá) - sand [Omaha/Ponca]; pi-za ba-he (píça bahe) - desert [Omaha]; ʰpi-za (p̣i-çá) - sand, silt [FL-Osage]; ʰpu-za (ʰpuzá) - sand [CQ-Osage]; pu-za (puzá) - sand [Kaw]

► a-ka-naⁿ-da (ákaną́da) - hide something by covering it up with blowing dust, snow, shoveled dirt, etc. a-a-ka-naⁿ-da (áakaną́da) - I, a-da-ka-naⁿ-da (ádakaną́da) - you

► Dhegiha: a-bi-noⁿ-tha (ábinoⁿtha) - hide, cover, obscure, to hide or cover up something by lying on it, to obscure any visible object by lying on it, said of soft mud covering the object or of fog hiding the landscape, so of the white race, as it settles around the Indians, obscuring the latter, never said of the act of one person [Omaha/Ponca]; a-noⁿ-tha (a-noⁿ-tha) - to overshadow, to obscure [FL-Osage]; a-noⁿ-ya (ánoⁿya) - overwhelm, obscure, cover [Kaw]; a-ga-noⁿ-ya (áganoⁿya) - fill up, knock a cover onto, conceal a hole by hitting the ground with a stick [Kaw]

duty

► ni-a-ki-na-zhiⁿ (niákinážį) - have duty of fetching water ► a-ni-a-ki-a-na-zhiⁿ (ániákianážį) - I, da-ni-a-ki-da-na-zhiⁿ (dániákidanažį) - you

► cf. ni (ni) - water; i-na-zhiⁿ (ínažį) - stand by, support or aid someone; a-ki-na-zhiⁿ (ákinážį) - stand on one's own

► Dhegiha: i-gi-noⁿ-zhiⁿ (í-gi-noⁿ-zhiⁿ) - to depend on someone [FL-Osage]; i-ki-na-zhi (íkinaaži) - depend on, count on, rely on [CQ-Osage]

dwarf

► pa-hi-ska zhi-ka (ppahíska žíka) - dwarfs, not often seen

► cf. pa-hi ska (ppahí ska) - bald eagle, white head, name of Pawhuska, OK; (RR-Quapaw); pa-hi ska (pa-hí ska) - masculine name of the Kwapa, White Head [JOD]; pa-hi (ppahí) - head; ska (ska) - white; zhi-ka (žíka) - small, little

► Dhegiha: pa-hi-ska (Pahíska) - head, hair, white (buffalo when shoulder hair is shed) male name [Omaha]; pa-hiu ska (pahiúçka) - white hair, Personal name, refers to the sacred white buffalo [FL-Osage]; ʰpa-hiⁿ ska (ʰpahį́įska) - Pawhuska, the seat of Osage County, Oklahoma, literally, white head hair, white hair of the head [CQ-Osage]; pa-hu-ska taⁿ-ga (Pahúska Táⁿga) - White Hair, Sr. male name [Kaw]

► wa-kaⁿ-ta-ke zhi-ka (wakką́ttáke žíka) - dwarfs

► Dhegiha: ga-da-zhe (gadázhe) - dwarves, little people, the wild people, they are supposed to be about three feet high, and to dwell underground [Omaha/Ponca]; ni-a-shiⁿ-ga nu-shi-a-ha (niashiⁿga nushiaha) - elf, dwarf [Omaha]; mi-wa-gthu-shka (mí-wa-gthu-shka) - fay, an elf, a fairy [FL-Osage]; mi-loⁿ-shka (milǫ́ška), mi-a-loⁿ-shka (míalǫška) - elf, sprite, brownie, leprechaun, fairy, the Osage “little people” are not fairies, but rather a scarier sort of being, not so small and dainty, and rather ominous [CQ-Osage]; ni-ʰka-shi-ka zhiⁿ (níʰkašikažį) - little people, small beings in Osage mythology [CQ-Osage]; mi-a-lo-shka (míaloshka) - monster with large head and long hair, also described as mythical people, water beings or little people [Kaw]

dwell

► o-kniⁿ (oknį́) - sit in, dwell in, live in ► o-a-kniⁿ (oáknį) - I, o-da-kniⁿ (odáknį) - you

► cf. kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be in a place, camp, sit, be sitting; o-ti-kdiⁿ (óttikdį) - village; o-ki-kniⁿ (okkíknį) - sit together, with one another; a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on; kniⁿ-ye (knį́ye) - to have sat, to have dwelt

► ex: wa-jhi-ni a-ki-sho-ka ma-zhaⁿ-ti o-kniⁿ wi-ke (waǰíni ákkišoka mažą́tti oknį́ wiké) - the Americans are very plentiful, lit. “plural are sitting”

► Dhegiha: u-gthiⁿ (ugthíⁿ) - seat, place to sit, sit in, to sit in something [Omaha/Ponca]; u-gthiⁿ (ú-gthiⁿ) - to occupy a seat [FL-Osage]; o-liⁿ (olį́į) - live in or at, dwell in, inhabit, live within metaphorically, sit in, occupy, be seated on, sit doen on, take a seat, ride, ride in [CQ-Osage]; o-liⁿ (olíⁿ) - dwell, live in a place, sit in a place, stay in a place [Kaw]

► kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be in a place, camp, sit, be sitting ► a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - I, da-kniⁿ (daknį́) - you, oⁿ-kniⁿ-we (ǫknį́we) - we

► cf. kniⁿ-ye (knį́ye) - to have sat, to have dwelt; o-kniⁿ (oknį́) - sit in, dwell in, live in; a-kniⁿ (áknį) - chair, seat; a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on; a-da-ska kniⁿ (ádaska kníⁿ) - sit close together; miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (mį́xti áknį), kde-bnaⁿ-taⁿ miⁿ-xti a-kniⁿ (kdébnąttą́ mį́xti áknį) - eleven, “10 when 1 sitting on”; ki-sto kniⁿ (kistó knį) - to sit in council; i-ka-zo-zo ka-xe kniⁿ (íkazózo káγe knį) - clerk, “he who sits writing”

► ex: iⁿ-choⁿ mi-aⁿ-ba miⁿ a-ki-haⁿ a-kniⁿ (į́čʰǫ mią́ba mį́ ákkihą aknį́) - I have now been (here) over a month

► ex: ko-zhi hi a-kniⁿ a-ni-he (kkóžihi aknį́ ánihé) - I live way off [MS]

► ex: ko-zhi hi a-kniⁿ ta miⁿ-kʰe (kkóžihi aknį́ tta mįkʰé) - I’m going to live far away [MS]

► ex: maⁿ-shi wa-koⁿ-ta kniⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (mąší wakǫ́ta knį nįkʰé) - God is up there (God resides in heaven) [MS]

► Dhegiha: gthiⁿ (g¢iⁿ′) - sit [JOD-Omaha]; gthiⁿ (gthiⁿ) - to sit [FL-Osage]; liⁿ (lį́į) - sit [CQ-Osage]; liⁿ (liⁿ), gliⁿ (glíⁿ) - sit, stay, remain, dwell, live, reside, continue [Kaw]

► kniⁿ-ye (knį́ye) - to have sat, to have dwelt ► a-kniⁿ-ye (aknį́ye) - I, da-kniⁿ-ye (daknį́ye) - you

► cf. kniⁿ (knį), kdiⁿ (kdį) - sit, be in a place, camp; ye (-ye) - past, past suffix; o-kniⁿ (oknį́) - sit in, dwell in, live in; a-kniⁿ (áknį) - chair, seat; a-kniⁿ (aknį́) - sit on

► ti-kde (ttikdé) - to set up housekeeping, to live together in same tent, village, collection of lodges

► Dhegiha: ti-gthe (tígthe) - to live in a lodge [Omaha/Ponca]; ti-gthe (tigthe) - home [Omaha]; ʰtsi-gthe (ṭsí-gthe) - to reside, to dwell, to set up and keep house [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi-le (ʰcíle) - live, reside, make a home, set up a household, set up housekeeping, house, home, family [CQ-Osage]

dwelling

► ti (tti) - house, tent, dwelling

► ti (tti) - house [MS, MR, AB]

► ti (tih) - house, hut, shack (maison, cabane) [GI]

► cf. wa-toⁿ-zhi ti (wattǫ́ži ttí) - store; wa-kaⁿ-ze ti (waką́ze tti) - school, school house; pe-te zhoⁿ-di-taⁿ-da ti (ppétte žǫ́dittą́da ttí) - train, lit. “fire wagon house”; ti ka-xe (ttíkaγé) - carpenter; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family; wa-hiⁿ-ska i-ti (wahį́ska ítti) - tent, canvas; maⁿ-shi o-ki o-ti (mą́ši okkí ótti) - church, “house to talk above”; wa-pi-na o-ti (wappína ótti) - council house of a gens; shoⁿ-ke a-kniⁿ o-ti (šǫ́keáknį ottí) - stable, barn

► ex: ti wi-ta (tti wítta) - my house [MS]

► ex: ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - I don't want you coming around my house [MS]

► ex: hi-bde ta, ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (hibdé tta, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - when I'm gone, don't you come around my house [MS]

► ex: ti tʰe ha-naⁿ-ska e (tti tʰe hánąska e) - how big is the house?

► ex: ti-a-di kda (ttíadi kdá) - go in the house! [MS]

► Dhegiha: ti (ti) - house, lodge, tent, tipi, dwelling [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰtsi (ṭsi) - house, dwelling, hovel [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi (ʰcí) - house, nest, camp, make camp [CQ-Osage]; tsi (ci) - tent, lodge, house [Kaw]

dye

► we-sa-de hi (wésade hí) - soft maple, “black dye tree”

► cf. we (we) - that by which, with which to; sa-de (sáde) - blacken, cause to be black; sa (sa) - black that is near, distinct; de (de) - cause to, to cause; hi (hi) - tree, bush, vine, stalk, leg; iⁿ-te sa-de (įtté sáde) - to fast, lit. “blacken the face”; we-ska-de (wéskade) - soap, “whiten with it”

► Dhegiha: we-na-sha-be the hi (wénashabe the hi) - Maple Tree [Omaha]; we-sha-be-the hiu (wé-sha-be-the-hiu) - maple sugar, the bark of this tree was used for making a black dye [FL-Osage]; we-tso sa-be hu (wéco sábe hu) - sugar maple [Kaw]