Quapaw Dictionary

English to Quapaw Dictionary
A-B-C-D-E-F-G-H-I-J-K-L-M-N-O-P-Q-R-S-T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z
Quapaw Sources	Dhegiha Sources

dig

► di-ko-te (dikótte) - dig out, probe ► bdi-ko-te (bdíkotte) - I, ti-ko-te (ttíkotte) - you

► cf. ma-zi o-di-ko-te (mázi ódikótte) - bluff, cliff; o-di-x’o-te (odíxʔotte) - bore a hole; o-x’o-te (oxʔótte) - hole, natural opening

► ex: di-k’o-te wa-x’e (dikʔó tte waxʔé) - digging a grave [MS]

► Dhegiha: u-k’u-dse (u-ḳ’ú-dse) - a hole, perforation, orfice [FL-Osage]

► di-k’o (dikʔó) - dig with knife, spade or paws ► bdi-k’o (bdíkʔo) - I, ti-k’o (ttíkʔo) - you

► cf. wa-ka-k’o (wakákʔo) - paw the ground, as dog or horse; we-ba-k’o (wébakʔo) - scraper or flesher for hides; we-ka-k’o (wékakʔo) - flesher for hides

► Dhegiha: yu-k’o (yuk'ó) - scrape clean, dig up [Kaw]; a-yu-k’o (áyuk'o), a-yi-k’o (áyik'o) - dig a hole with the hands [Kaw]

► k’e (kʔe) - dig with a grubbing hoe ► a-k’e (akʔé) - I, da-k’e (dakʔé) - we

► cf. zhoⁿ-koⁿ da-k’e (žǫ́kkǫ dakʔé), zhoⁿ-koⁿ i-da-k’e (žǫ́kkǫ ídakʔé) - hoe, grubbing

► Dhegiha: ‘e (‘e) - dig, pare, peel [Omaha/Ponca]; e (e) - they excavate [Omaha]; ʰk’e (ḳ’e) - to dig [FL-Osage]; k’e (kʔé) - dig, dig up [CQ-Osage]; k’e (k’e) - dig [Kaw]

dime

► de-ska-de miⁿ-xti (déskade mį́xti) - dime, ten cents

► de-ska-de miⁿ-xti (déskade mį́xti) - dime [MS, OM]

► cf. de-ska-de (déskade) - bit, 12 and a half cents; miⁿ-xti (mį́xti) - one [MS, MR, FR, AG, OM]

dine

► wa-naⁿ-bde (waną́bde) - eat a meal, dine ► a-wa-naⁿ-bde (awánąbdé) - I, wa-da-naⁿ-bde (wadánąbdé) - you

► wa-naⁿ-bde (ŭah-nohmmĕlĕh) - eat, consume (manger) [GI]

► wa-naⁿ-bde (waną́bde) - eat [AG, OM]

► wa-naⁿ-bde (waną́bde) - come eat [AG]

► cf. pa-ze-de wa-naⁿ-bde (ppazéde wanáⁿbde) - supper [MS]; o-zhi ska wa-noⁿ-bde (óži ska wanǫ́bde) - bowl [MS]; a-wa-naⁿ-bde (áwaną́bde) - table; wa-naⁿ-bde i-ba-xto (waną́bde íbaxto) - fork, a table fork, lit. “something to stick food”; o-naⁿ-bde (ónąbde) - food, “something to eat”

► ex: a-wa-naⁿ-bde koⁿ-bda (awánąbdé kkǫbdá) - I want to eat [MS]

► ex: wi-e a-wa-naⁿ-bde ta miⁿ-kʰe (wíe awaną́bde ta mįkʰé) - I'm going to eat [AG]

► ex: a-wa-naⁿ-bde (awánąbdé) - I have eaten (I eat) [OM]

► ex: da-wa-naⁿ-bde (dáwanąbdé) - have you eaten? [OM]; expected conjugation, wa-da-naⁿ-bde (wadáną́bdé) - you eat

► ex: jhi-e wa-naⁿ-bde (jhíe waną́bde) - you come eat [AG]; expected conjugation, wa-da-naⁿ-bde (wadáną́bdé) - you eat

► ex: jhi-e wa-naⁿ-bde shkoⁿ-ta (ǰíe waną́bde škǫttá) - do you want to eat? [AG]; expected conjugation, wa-da-naⁿ-bde (wadáną́bdé) - you eat

► ex: i-za-ni oⁿ-ka-kdi wa-naⁿ-bde shkoⁿ-ta (ízani ǫkákdi waną́bde škǫttá) - come on, all of you, if you want to eat [AG]

► ex: aⁿ-wa-naⁿ-bde (ąwánąbdé) - we eat [MS]

► ex: da-tʰe wa-naⁿ-bde (datʰé waną́bde) - eating [MS]

► Dhegiha: wa-noⁿ-bthe (wanóⁿbthe) - an eater [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-noⁿ-bthe (wa-nóⁿ-bthe) - to eat, to dine, a meal, breakfast, dinner, or supper, nourishment, food [FL-Osage]; wa-noⁿ-bre (wanǫ́bre) - dine, eat, dinner, supper, meal served at noon or in the evening [CQ-Osage]; wa-noⁿ-ble (wanóⁿble) - eat a meal, dine, food [Kaw]

dip hand into something

► di-xdi-we (dixdíwe) - dip hand into something ► bdi-xdi-we (bdíxdiwe) - I, ti-xdi-we (ttíxdiwe) - you

► cf. i-di-xdi-we (ídixdíwe) - mix, mess with, make gooey; di-xdi-xdi-we (dixdíxdiwe) - sticky, make from handling

dip or ladle out

► ka-te (katté) - dip or ladle out, as food ► a-te (átte) - I, da-te (date) - you

► cf. ni-da-ta-iⁿ-yaⁿ (nidáttąiyą́ katʰé) - ladle out with a cup

► Dhegiha: ga-ʰtse (ga-ṭsé) - to skim, to skim grease off the surface of water in a kettle [FL-Osage]; ga-tse (gacé) - skim a liquid, skim grease [Kaw]

dipper

► zhaⁿ o-zhi (žą oží), zhoⁿ o-zhi (žǫ́ oží) - dipper or cup of wood

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - wood, tree; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish; o-zhi (oží) - put cl into something, plant, fill; ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží) - whiskey bottle [MS]; ma-ze-ni o-zhi (mazéni oží) - milk bottle [MS]; ma-ze o-zhi (máze óži) - tin plate; maⁿ o-zhi (mą́ oží) - quiver for arrows; zi-hi o-zhi (zíhi óži) - jug; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone

► Dhegiha: u-zhi (úzhi) - pocket [Omaha/Ponca]; u-zhi (úzhi) - cabinet, bin, baggage [Omaha]; u-zhi (uzhi) - container, contain, packet, suitcase, luggage, gardener, load [Omaha]; u-zhi zhi (uzhi zhi) - storage locker, shed, cache, luggage, plant [Omaha]; u-zhi (ú-zhi) - to plant [FL-Osage]; u-zhu (ú-zhu) - a pocket, a receptacle [FL-Osage]; o-zhu (oožú) - receptacle, container, bottle, cup, bowl, jar, shaker, holder (for pourable dry of liquid substances), put in, plant or sow (e.g., seed in the ground), put in plants, pour or serve liquids or small solids such as beans, pour for someone [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (óožu) - pocket, bottle, container, vessel, put stuff in, plant stuff [CQ-Osage]; o-zhu (ozhú) - put or pour something into something, put many small objects in something, fill, plant [Kaw]; o-zhu (ózhu) - bottle [Kaw]

► ti-ke (ttíke) - dipper [MS]

► ti-ke (ttíke) - cup, ladle made of horn, refers to clam shell spoon etymologically

► ti-ke (tī gĕ) - wooden spoon, from Francis Good Eagle [MH]

► cf. ma-ze ti-ke (maze ttíke) - spoon; te-he ti-ke (ttehé ttíke) - buffalo horn spoon

► Dhegiha: ʰtsiu-ge (ṭsiu-ge) - a spoon, a shell spoon, before metal spoons were known to the Indians shells were used for spoons [FL-Osage]; ʰtsu-ke (ʰcúke) - spoon, abalone shell, Osage spoons were originally clamshells from creeks, used only for scraping corn, with little ones for children, larger ones for adults, this term is now used for spoons of other materials such as metal, plastic, or wood [CQ-Osage]

direction

► a-ka-hi-da-ta-de-de (ákahídattadéde) - southeast, location, direction

► cf. a-ka-hi-da (ákahída) - downstream, downwind, with the wind or current; ta-de-de (-ttadéde) - towards, in the direction of; a-ka-hi-da o-ka-xde (ákahída okáxde) - facing downstream with his back to the wind; a-k'a i-de (ákʔa idé) - south [MS]

► Dhegiha: a'-a (á'a) - south wind [Omaha/Ponca]; a-ʰk'a (á-ḳ'a) - south, the south wind [FL-Osage]; a-k'a-hu-e (ákʔahúe) - south wind [CQ-Osage]; a-k'a (ák'a) - south, south wind, deity of the south wind, power of the south wind [Kaw]

► e-ta te-ta i-di-shaⁿ (étta ttétta ídišą) - around in that direction

► cf. ko-ta te-ta i-di-shaⁿ (kóta ttétta ídišą) - on that side of; to-ta te-ta i-di-shaⁿ (tóta ttétta ídišą) - on this side of; e-ta te-ta (ettá ttetta) - at or on right side, e-ta (ettá) may just be “side”

► Dhegiha: e-ta thi-shoⁿ (eta thishoⁿ) - toward [Omaha]; a-ta-thi-shoⁿ (atáthishoⁿ) - in that direction, towards, pertaining to, about [Omaha/Ponca]; e-ta-thi-shoⁿ (e-tá-thi-shoⁿ) - toward, in the direction of [FL-Osage]

► e-to-ka-xde (ettókaxde) - facing in that direction, “etta+okaxde” probably, facing forward given the meaning of e-to (etto) ► e-ta o-a-ka-xde (etta oákaxde) - I, e-to-da-ka-xde (ettodákaxde) - you

► cf. a-ka-hi-da o-ka-xde (ákahída okáxde) - facing downstream with his back to the wind; a-shi-to-ka-xde (ašíttokáxde) - face the back of the lodge; e-ta de-de o-ka-xde (ettá déde okáxde) - face the other way; ki-maⁿ-haⁿ o-ka-xde (kkímąhą okáxde) - face upstream, face the wind; ko-to-ka-xde (kótokáxde) - facing the other way; o-i-naⁿ-be o-ka-xde (óinąbé okáxde) - facing uphill; ta-ti-o-kda-kʰaⁿ o-ka-xde (ttáttiókdakʰą́ okáxde) - facing at right angles toward the wind; to-to-ka-xde (tótokáxde) - facing this way

► Dhegiha: e-ʰta u-ga-xthe (e-ṭá u-ga-xthe) - facing, facing in that direction [FL-Osage]; o-ga-xle (ogáxle) - facing, face a direction [Kaw]; o-ka-le (okále) - face a certain direction [CQ-Osage]; hi-de u-ga-xthe (híde úgaqthe) - facing, downward, downstream, facing the bottom or lower part, facing the mouth of a stream [Omaha/Ponca]; toⁿ-de-a-ta-thi-shoⁿ u-ga-xthe (tóⁿdeatáthishoⁿ úgaqthe) - facing toward the land, with one’s back to the water [Omaha/Ponca]

► ha-ki-de-de (hákidede) - where, which direction

► cf. ha-ki (háki) - where; ha-ki-de-de-tʰaⁿ (hákidedétʰą) - where from, from whatever place; ha-ki-tʰaⁿ (hakítʰą) - from whatever place

► ex: ha-ki-wa-de-de (hákiwadede) - how do you get over there?, which road?, how do you go? [MS]

► x: ha-ki e (hakí e) - where is it? [AB]

► ex: ha-ki te (háki tté) - where you going? [OM]

► ex: ha-ki te (háki tté) - where you going? [MS]

► ex: ha-ki shi e (háki ši e) - where have you been? [MS]

► ex: ha-ki a-shi-niⁿ (háki ášinį) - where's your coat? [MS]

► ex: ni-ka jhi-ta ha-ki niⁿ-kʰe (níkka ǰítta háki nįkʰé) - where is your man? (your husband) [AG]

► ta (tta) - to, at, toward, in that direction

► cf. ta-de-de (-ttadéde) - towards, in the direction of; ta-de-de-do-shi (-ttadédedóši) - towards, in that direction; e-ta te-ta i-di-shaⁿ(étta ttétta ídišą) - around in that direction

► ex: ti-kde ta bde (ttikdé tta bdé) - I'm going to my house [OM]

► ex: kdi, toⁿ ta aⁿ-ka-de taⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe (kdi, ttǫ tta ąkáde tt[a]ąnįkʰe) - come on, we are going to town [AG]

► ex: a-kde ta ta miⁿ-kʰe (akdé tta tta mįkʰé) - I'm going home [OM]

► ex: toⁿ ta (ttǫ tta) - town, “to town” [AG]

► ex: taⁿ ta bde (ttą́ tta bdé) - I'm going to town [OM]

► ex: ni-sni toⁿ ta (nísni ttǫ ttá) - to Baxter Springs, Kansas [AG]

► Dhegiha: ta (ta) - to, at, suffix of position, motion to a place [Omaha]; ʰta (ṭa) - in that direction [FL-Osage]; ʰta (ʰta) - toward, in the direction of, from, into [CQ-Osage]; ta (ta) - in, at, towards [Kaw]

► ta-de-de (-ttadéde) - towards, in the direction of

► cf. a-ka-hi-da-ta-de-de (ákahídattadéde) - southeast, location, direction; mi o-ti-naⁿ-be-ta-de-de (mi óttiną́bettadéde) - northeast; mi o-xpe-ta-de-de (mí oxpéttadéde) - southwest, “towards sunset”; o-sni-hi-ta-de-de (osnihíttadéde) - northwest, “whence the cold comes”; ta-de-de-do-shi (-ttadédedóši) - towards, in that direction

► ta-de-de-do-shi (-ttadédedóši) - towards, in that direction

► cf. ta-de-de (-ttadéde) - towards, in the direction of; mi o-xpe-ta-de-do-shi (mi óxpettadédedóši) - on the west side; to-to-do-shi (tótodóši) - on this side of; e-ta-do-shi (éttadóši) - around by the other side; ko-to-do-shi (kótodóši) - beyond, on the other side of

directly

► e-ta-kaⁿ-za (ettákkąza) - above, directly, opposite

► cf. e-ta-ki-kaⁿ-za (ettákkikką́za) - opposite, even with, parallel; koⁿ-ze (kkǫ́ze), kaⁿ-ze (kką́ze) - equal in

dirt

► ma-ni-ka (maníkka) - earth, soil, ground

► ma-ni-ka (maníkka) - ground, earth, dirt, soil [MS, OM]

► ma-ni-ka (monick-kah) - soil, ground, earth (terre de la) [GI]

► ma-ni-ka (maní˙kka) - earth, dirt, ground [FS]

► cf. ma-ni-ka de-xe (maníkka déγe) - pottery, clay pottery; ma-ni-ka di-haⁿ-haⁿ (maníkka dihą́hą) - earthquake; ma-ni-ka o-ka-kdo (maníkka okákdo) - quicksand; ma-ni-ka shi-we (maníkka šíwe) - worm, earthworm

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-thiⁿ-kʰa zi (moⁿthíⁿkʰa zí) - yellow earth, used in painting [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-iⁿ-ʰka (moⁿ-íⁿ-ḳa) - ground, earth, soil, clay, mud [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-iⁿ-ʰka (mą́įʰka), moⁿ-thiⁿ-ʰka (mǫðįʰka) - soil, ground, earth, clay, mud, dirt [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-yiⁿ-ka (maⁿyíⁿka) - earth, ground, clay, soil [Kaw]

dirty

► o-kdi-shi-ke (ókdišiké) - ain't good, dirty [MS]

► cf. shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly

► Dhegiha: shi-shi-ge (shishige) - litter, trash, dust, dusty, garbage [Omaha]; shi-ge (shíge) - bad, evil, injury [Kaw]; maⁿ-je shi-ge (maⁿjéshige) - litter, dust in the house [Kaw]

► o-ni-shi-ke (oníšike) - dirty

► o-ni-shi-ke (oníšike) - dirty [OM]

► cf. shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly

► o-ki-shi-ke (ókkišíke) - dirty, soiled

► cf. shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly

► o-ki-shi-ke ka-xe (ókkišíke káγe) - soil, make dirty

► cf. o-ki-shi-ke (ókkišíke) - dirty, soiled; ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause

disappointed

► o-naⁿ-zhi (ónąži) - unsuccessful, be disappointed ► oⁿ-naⁿ-zhi (ǫ́nąži) - I, o-di-naⁿ-zhi (ódinąži) - you

discharge

► di-to-xi (dittóxi) - discharge, make a bang ► bdi-to-xi (bdíttoxi) - I, ti-to-xi (ttíttoxi) - you

► cf. di-to-to-xi (dittóttoxi) - one of the sounds of thunder; ba-to-xi (battóxi) - burst by punching, pushing; bi-to-xi (bittóxi) - burst from pressure/weight; ka-to-xi (kattóxi) - burst, break open; naⁿ-to-xi (nąttóxi) - step on and burst something; po-to-xi (póttoxi) - burst from a shot or punch

► ex: ni po-to-xe (nippóttoxe) - pop, soda pop [LQ, OM]

discomfort

► i-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ikią́škiká) - indigestion, gastric discomfort ► aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ąną́kią́škiká) - I, i-di-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (ídikią́škiká) - you

► cf. ki-aⁿ-shki-ka (kią́škika) - feel uncomfortable inside

discontented

► ki-da-kni-zhi (kídakníži) - unhappy, discontented ► aⁿ-da-kni-zhi (ą́dakníži) - I, di-da-kni-zhi (dídakníži) - you

► cf. ki-da-kni (kidákni), ki-da-kniⁿ (kídaknį) - happy, pleased, to like; zhi (zhi) - negative, negation, not; wa-da-kni (wadákni) - be happy, be pleased; wa-da-kni-zhi (wadákniži) - be unhappy, be displeased

► Dhegiha: gi-tha-gthiⁿ (gí-tha-gthiⁿ) - to be happy, pleased, to like [FL-Osage]; ki-tha-liⁿ (kiðálį) - be glad, feel good, like, love, enjoy, be happy about, be pleased with [CQ-Osage]; gi-ya-le (gíyale) - be happy [Kaw] …. tha-gthiⁿ (thágthiⁿ) - good, used primarily in Ponca names [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-gthiⁿ (thá-gthiⁿ) - good, peaceful and beautiful, fine, exceedingly good, splendid [FL-Osage]; tha-liⁿ (ðáalį), tha-ʰliⁿ (ðáaʰlį) - be good, feel good about something, be glad, thank you, fine, splendid, pretty, beautiful, handsome, good, well, finely, skillfully [CQ-Osage]; ya-li (yáli), ya-le (yále), ya-liⁿ (yáliⁿ) - be good, as a good or well-behaved person, or good food [Kaw]

disease

► ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ), ‘aⁿ (ʔą) - use, have as a disease ► moⁿ (mǫ) - I, zhoⁿ (žǫ) - you, oⁿ-koⁿ-we (ǫkǫ́we) - we

► ex: bnaⁿ-se ‘oⁿ (bną́se ʔǫ) - to have smallpox; o-kaⁿ-shi-kaⁿ ‘oⁿ (okką́šiką́ ʔǫ́) - be hateful

► Dhegiha: oⁿ (óǫ) - suffer from, have as an illness, be sick from, be enveloped by (sickness), (sickness) lies upon someone, wear, use [CQ-Osage]

► a-aⁿ-de (áąde) - to give an illness, communicate a disease ► a-a-aⁿ-bde (áaąbde) - I, a-da-aⁿ-te (ádaątte) - you, oⁿ-ka-aⁿ-da-we (ǫ́kaądawe) - we

► cf. a (a) - on, upon; oⁿ-de (ǫdé) - throw away, abandon, leave; oⁿ-de de-de (ǫ́de déde) - throw away suddenly; ki-oⁿ-de de-de (kiǫ́de déde) - throw something at someone suddenly

► ex: a-wi-aⁿ-bde (áwią́bde) - I give it (illness) to you

► Dhegiha: a-oⁿ-tha (áoⁿtha) - to throw something on someone, to give someone a disease [Omaha/Ponca]

disembowel

► di-bda-bda-ze (dibdábdaze) - tear to pieces, disembowel ► bdi-bda-bda-ze (bdíbdabdáze) - I, ti-bda-bda-ze (ttíbdabdáze) - you

► cf. di-bda-ze (dibdáze) - tear, rip, rupture; ka-bda-ze (kabdáze), ka-bda-se (kabdáse) - burst; ki-naⁿ-bda-ze (kínąbdaze) - tear, rip with the foot; naⁿ-bda-ze (nąbdaze) - tear, rip one's shoes

► Dhegiha: btha-ze (btháze) - split, ripped, split open, ripped open [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-btha-ze (gabthaçe) - bust [Omaha]; thi-btha-ze (thi-bthá-çe) - [FL-Osage]; bra-ze (bráze) - torn [CQ-Osage]; yu-bla-ze (yubláze) - tear, as clothing, by pulling; rip open, break open by hauling [Kaw]

dish

► o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish

► o-zhi (oží) - put cl into something, plant, fill ► o-a-zhi (oáži) - I, o-da-zhi (odáži) - you, oⁿ-ko-zhi-we (ǫkóžiwe) - we

► cf. ni shi-ke o-zhi (ni šíke oží) - whiskey bottle [MS]; ma-ze-ni o-zhi (mazéni oží) - milk bottle [MS]; ma-ze o-zhi (máze óži) - tin plate; maⁿ o-zhi (mą́ oží) - quiver for arrows; zi-hi o-zhi (zíhi óži) - jug; zhoⁿ o-zhi (žǫ́ oží) - dipper or cup of wood; o-ki-zhi (ókiži) - fill something for someone

► ma-ze o-zhi (máze óži) - tin plate

► cf. ma-ze (máze) - iron; o-zhi (óži) - bowl, dish

► o-ka-ze (okáze) - plate [MS, OM]

disjoint

► pa-xoⁿ (páxǫ) - cut apart, disjoint ► pa-a-xoⁿ (páaxǫ) - I, pa-da-xoⁿ (pádaxǫ) - you

► cf. bi-xoⁿ (bixǫ́) - break, crush; da-xoⁿ (daxǫ́) - break by biting; di-xoⁿ (dixǫ́) - break, as a stick with the hands; ka-xoⁿ (kaxǫ́) - break something by hitting it; a-ka-xoⁿ (ákaxǫ) - break something by striking another object; po-xoⁿ (póxǫ) - shoot in two, break punching

► Dhegiha: ba-xoⁿ (bá-xoⁿ) - to cut a stick or log across the grain [FL-Osage]; ba-xoⁿ (báxoⁿ) - saw, cut across the grain [Kaw]

dislike

► ki-ho-taⁿ a-ta-ha-zhi (kíhottą áttaháži) - dislike something intensely ► aⁿ-ho-taⁿ a-ta-ha-zhi (ą́hottą áttaháži) - I, di-ho-taⁿ a-ta-ha-zhi (díhottą áttaháži) - you

► cf. ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good; a-ta-ha (áttaha) - too, exceedingly; zhi (zhi) - negative, negation, not; ki-ho-taⁿ ye wa-x′o koi (kíhottą ye waxʔó kói) - she liked it, lit., “that woman liked it” [MS]

► ki-shoⁿ-zhi (kíšǫži) - to be displeased ► aⁿ-shoⁿ-zhi (ąšǫ́ži) - I, di-shoⁿ-zhi (dišǫ́ži) - you

► ex: aⁿ-ki-da-zhi hi tʰe aⁿ-shoⁿ-zhi a-ta-pa (ą́kidáži hí tʰe ąšǫ́ži áttappá) - I did not like it much that he did not tell me at all

► Dhegiha: gi-shoⁿ-zhi (gí-shoⁿ-zhi) - to dislike, disagree, to disapprove [FL-Osage]; ki-shoⁿ-zhi (k͓í-cŭⁿ-c͓i) - to dislike, to disagree with, to disapprove of [JOD-Osage]; gi-zu a-zhi (gí-çu a-zhi) - he is not happy over it, disconsolate [FL-Osage]; ki-zo-zhi (kízoži) - be lonesome, unhappy, sad, disconsolate [CQ-Osage]; gi-zo-zhi (gízozhi) - to be unhappy [Kaw]

► koⁿ-da zhi (kǫdá ži) - to not want, not like ► koⁿ-bda zhi (kkǫbdá ži) - I, shkoⁿ-ta zhi (škǫ́tta ži) - you, koⁿ-da zhi (kǫdá ži) - he/she

► cf. koⁿ-da (kǫdá) - want, desire, wish; zhi (zhi) - negative, negation, not

► ex: koⁿ-bda zhi (kkǫbdá ži) - I don't like it (I don't want it) [MS]

► ex: koⁿ-da zhi e (kǫdá ži e) - she didn't like it [MS]

► ex: ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - I don't want you coming around my house [MS]

► ex: hi-bde ta, ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (hibdé tta, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - when I'm gone, don't you come around my house [MS]

► ex: kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ, i-she koⁿ-bda zhi, kdaⁿ-ni-ke ki-baⁿ ta (kdąníke kibą, išé kkǫbdá ži, kdąníke kibą ta) - I don’t want you to say, when I’m drinking around here [MS]

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-tha (goⁿtha) - desire, crave, want [Omaha]; goⁿ-tha (góⁿ-tha) - to want, to desire, to prefer [FL-Osage]; koⁿ-tha (kǫ́ða) - want, desire [CQ-Osage]; goⁿ-ya (góⁿya) - want, wish, hope, like, love [Kaw]

► o-kaⁿ-shi-ka (okką́šiká), o-koⁿ-shi-ka (okkǫ́šika) - hate

► cf. o-kaⁿ-shi-ka-wa-de (okką́šikáwade) - hateful, abominable; o-kaⁿ-shi-kaⁿ ‘oⁿ (okką́šiką́ ʔǫ́) - be hateful

► ex: o-wi-kaⁿ-shi-ka (owíkką́šika) - I hate you

► ex: wa-jhi-ni aⁿ-ka-shi-ka (waǰíni ąkką́šiká) - white man didn't like me [MS]

► ex: aⁿ-ka-shi-ka wi-e-hoⁿ o-wa-kaⁿ-shi-ka, wa-jhi-ni (ąkką́šiká wíehǫ owákką́šiká waǰíni) - he (white man) don't like me and I don't like him either [MS]

dislocate

► naⁿ-shoⁿ (nąšǫ́) - dislocate, trip and break ► a-naⁿ-shoⁿ (aną́šǫ) - I, da-naⁿ-shoⁿ (daną́šǫ) - you

► cf. naⁿ-shoⁿ-da-da (nąšǫ́dadá) - destabilize with the foot; kick loose; ba-shoⁿ (bašǫ́) - spill, push over and spill

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ (shoⁿ) - dislocated, fallen, fallen off [Omaha/Ponca]; noⁿ-shoⁿ (noⁿ-shóⁿ) - to dislocate, to dislocate a joint in the leg or arm [FL-Osage]

disobedient, won’t listen, deaf

► ni-xi-te ni-ke (niγítte níke) - to be deaf, to be disobedient ► ni-xi-te aⁿ-ni-ke (niγítte ąníke) - I, ni-xi-te di-ni-ke (niγítte diníke) - my

► cf. ni-xi-te (niγítte) - ear, inner, opening of the ear, hearing; ni-xi-te (niγítte) - ear, the ear hole [MS]; ni-ke (niké) - to have none, be lacking; ni-xi-te maⁿ-tʰe tiⁿiⁿ (niγítte mą́tʰe ttį́į́) - ringing in the ear [MS]

► Dhegiha: noⁿ-xi-de thi-ge (noⁿxide thiⁿge) - mischief, disobedient, boisterous, brat, wild human [Omaha]; noⁿ-xu-dse thiⁿ-ge (noⁿ-xú-dse thiⁿ-ge) - No Ears, personal name [FL-Osage]; naⁿ-xu-tse thiⁿ-ke (nąąɣúce ðįké) - no ears, refers to a person who won’t listen and is doing things wrong, doesn’t listen to advice [CQ-Osage]; ni-ghu-je yiⁿ-ge (nighúje yiⁿgé) - Deaf to Cries for Mercy (as a warrior is in times of battle), a personal name [Kaw]

disorderly

► xte-xte (xtéxte) - disorderly (mass), broken up

► cf. di-xde-xde (dixdéxde) - break glass, smash; ka-xde (kaxdé) - smash, break a brittle object; ka-xde-xde (kaxdéxde) - smash, break something brittle; ma-xpi ka-xde-xde (maxpí kaxdéxde) - small puffy clouds

► Dhegiha: thi-xthe-xthe-ge (thi-xthé-xthe-ge) - to shatter glass or other brittle substances with the hand [FL-Osage]; thu-le-ke (ðuuléke) - cause to break, cause to shatter, break or shatter with the hands (e.g., a dish, an egg, a light bulb, a window) [CQ-Osage]; yu-xle-ge (yuxlége) - crack something like an egg [Kaw]

displeased

► ki-shoⁿ-zhi (kíšǫži) - to be displeased ► aⁿ-shoⁿ-zhi (ąšǫ́ži) - I, di-shoⁿ-zhi (dišǫ́ži) - you

► cf. ki-wa-shoⁿ (kíwašǫ) - to be happy; zhi (zhi) - negative, negation, not

► ex: aⁿ-ki-da-zhi hi tʰe aⁿ-shoⁿ-zhi a-ta-pa (ą́kidáži hí tʰe ąšǫ́ži áttappá) - I did not like it much that he did not tell me at all

► Dhegiha: ki-shoⁿ-zhi (k͓í-cŭⁿ-c͓i) - to dislike, to disagree with, to disprove of (JOD-Osage]; gi-zo a-zhi (gí-çu a-zhi) - disconsolate, he is not happy over it [FL-Osage]; ki-zo-zhi (kízoži) - be lonesome, unhappy, sad, disconsolate [CQ-Osage]; gi-zo-zhi (gízozhi) - to be unhappy [Kaw]

► ki-da-kni-zhi (kídakníži) - unhappy, discontented ► aⁿ-da-kni-zhi (ą́dakníži) - I, di-da-kni-zhi (dídakníži) - you

► wa-da-kni-zhi (wadákniži) - be unhappy, be displeased

► cf. wa-da-kni (wadákni) - be happy, be pleased; zhi (zhi) - negative, negation, not; ki-da-kni-zhi (kídakníži) - unhappy, discontented

► Dhegiha: tha-gthiⁿ (thá-gthiⁿ) - good, peaceful and beautiful, fine, exceedingly good, splendid [FL-Osage]; tha-liⁿ (ðáalį), tha-ʰliⁿ (ðáaʰlį) - be good, feel good about something, be glad, thank you, fine, splendid, pretty, beautiful, handsome, good, well, finely, skillfully [CQ-Osage]; ya-li (yáli), ya-le (yále), ya-liⁿ (yáliⁿ) - be good, as a good or well-behaved person, or good food [Kaw]

disposition

► wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - disposition, will power, will

► cf. wa-zhiⁿ shi-ke (wažį́ šíke) - mean, bad thoughts, hateful, spiteful; wa-zhiⁿ de-da-zhi (wažį́ dédaži) - to lose patience

► Dhegiha: wa-zhiⁿ (wazhiⁿ) - will power [Omaha]; wa-zhiⁿ (wajĭⁿ′) - disposition [JOD-Omaha]; wa-zhiⁿ (wa-zhíⁿ) - own will, volition [FL-Osage]; wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - will, mind, idea [CQ-Osage]

► wa-zhiⁿ ho-taⁿ (wajiⁿ′ hútaⁿ)- masculine name, elder bro of te zhi-ka (tejika), same mother 2 fathers [JOD]

► cf. wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - disposition, will power, will; ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good

► wa-zhiⁿ kde-taⁿ (wajiⁿ′ ktqetaⁿ′) - masculine name, old man scalped Pawnee, was shot, Father of Frank Vallier, 1/2 Spaniard/non-indian, 1/2 Quapaw on mother's side, sister to Mrs. Buffalo Calf [JOD]

► cf. wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - disposition, will power, will; kde-taⁿ (kdetą́) - hawk

► Dhegiha: wa-zhiⁿ gthe-doⁿ (wazhíⁿgthedoⁿ) - Will Power - Hawk, personal name [Omaha]; wa-zhiⁿ le-daⁿ (wázhiⁿ ledáⁿ) - Disposition of a Hawk, male name [Kaw]

► wa-zhiⁿ ska (wa-jĭⁿ′-skă) - masculine name of the (Kwapa) oⁿpʰŭⁿ gens; White Disposition, Wise. The csuñga or younger brother of wa-kaⁿ-ta ka-hi-ke (wakanta kahike) or John Medicine [JOD]

► cf. wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - disposition, will power, will; ska (ska) - white

► Dhegiha: wa-zhiⁿ ska (wazhíⁿska) - mind, will - white, personal name [Omaha]; wa-zhiⁿ ska (wazhiⁿçka) - genius, intelligent, intelligence, wise, knowledge, clever, smart, sober [Omaha]

dispute

► a-ki-ki (ákkiki) - to dispute, argue over something such as the division of a thing ► a-ki-ki (áakkikí) - I, a-da-ki-ki (ádakkiki) - you

► Dhegiha: i-e a-ki-ki-tha (iéakikitha) - argument, quarrel [Omaha]; a-ʰki-tha (á-ḳi-tha) - to contend as in a fight [FL-Osage]; a-ʰki-e (áʰkie) - talk for or against, talk up or talk down, as when expressing one’s emotions with respect to some topic, take up for, argue on behalf of, take someone’s side as an attorney at law argues on behalf of a client [CQ-Osage]

distance

► i-kaⁿ-ska-de (íkąskáde) - measure, distance, money, etc.

► ex: i-kaⁿ-ska-de sa-taⁿ wa-tʰi-shka (íkąskáde sattą watʰiška) - Five Mile Creek, I.T.; ma-zhaⁿ i-kaⁿ-ska-de miⁿ-xti (mažą́ ikąskáde mįxte) - one mile, mile, lit. “land measure”; wa-hiⁿ-ska i-kaⁿ-ska-de (wahį́ska íkąskáde) - yard, lit. “calico measure”; wa-ni i-kaⁿ-ska-de (waní íkąskáde) - yard, “a calico measure”; zhaⁿ i-kaⁿ-ska-de miⁿ-xti (žą ikąskáde mįxti) - one yard, yard, a measure

distance, go around something at a distance

► o-ka-ki-xe (okákixe) - go around something at a distance ► o-a-ka-ki-xe (oákakixe) - I, o-da-ka-ki-xe (odákakixe) - you

► cf. ho we-ki-xe (ho wékixe) - fish net

► Dhegiha: a-gi-xe (á-gi-xe) - all around a place [FL-Osage]; a-thi-gi-xe (á-thi-gi-xe) - a circle [FL-Osage]; a-ki-xe (ákiɣe) - move around, be all around, encircle a place or a person, be around especially in a bothersome way, pass by, circle around as in a tipi meeting “go clear around”, avoiding the center, around, skirting the edge of something [CQ-Osage]; a-gi-ghe (ágighe) - all around, a roll of something [Kaw]; o-gi-ghe (ógighe) - surround something [Kaw]; yu-gi-ghe (yugíghe) - tie something up by tying all around the object [Kaw]; ba-gi-ghe (bágighe) - cut around with a knife [Kaw]

distant colors, indistinct colors

► saⁿ (są) - white in the distance

► cf. xi-da pa saⁿ (xidá ppa są́) - bald eagle; zhoⁿ saⁿ (žǫ́ są) - sycamore, Platanus occidental; saⁿ-haⁿ (są́hą) - white in the distance

► Dhegiha: soⁿ (çoⁿ) - pale [Omaha]; soⁿ-the (sóⁿthe) - cleanse, whiten, whitewash [Omaha/Ponca]; so-hoⁿ (çóⁿ-hoⁿ) - resembling white, whitened animal skins [FL-Osage]; saⁿ-haⁿ (sáⁿhaⁿ) - whitish, grayish [Kaw]

► saⁿ-haⁿ (są́hą) - white in the distance

► cf. zhi-te saⁿ-haⁿ (žítte sąhą́) - scarlet, pink; zhi-te saⁿ-haⁿ (žítte sąhą́) - pink [OM)]; ma-xe o-ta-saⁿ-haⁿ (maγe ottasąhą) - aurora; to soⁿ-ha (tu soⁿho) - pale green [JOD]; tu sa-ho (tu sá-ho) - pale green [OM]; haⁿ-ba i-ta-xe saⁿ-haⁿ (hą́pa įttáγe są́hą) - daybreak, lit. “tip of daylight”

► sha (ša) - dark, indistinct black

► cf. ma-kaⁿ sha (makką́ša) - coffee [MS, AB, MR, AG, OM]; i-shta-xi sha (ištáxi šá) - African American, negro [MS, MR]; zhaⁿ sha (žą šá), zhoⁿ sha (žǫšá) - oak, black, Q. velutina; wa-sha (wašá) - black mole (on the skin) [MS]; ta siⁿ-te sha (tta sįtté šá) - deer, black tailed; i-shta o-sha (ištá oša), i-shto-sha (ištóša) - pupil of the eye; sha-pe (šápe), sha-we (šawe) - black, distant or indistinct

► Dhegiha: sha-be (shábe) - dark [Omaha/Ponca]; sha-be (shá-be) - dark in color [FL-Osage]; sha-pe (šápe) - dark in color, shaded, darkened [CQ-Osage]; sha-be (shábe) - dark, a distant black, brown [Kaw]

► sha-pe (šápe), sha-we (šawe) - black, distant or indistinct

► cf. sha (ša) - dark, indistinct black

distant thunder

► ka-ni zhi-ka (kaní žíka) - distant thunder, little thunder [OM]

► ka-ni zhi-ka (k͓aní jik͓á) - male name, Little Thunder (not, Thunder-being), called Ambrose by white people: a Kwapa man, living in 1877 [JOD]

► ka-ni zhiⁿ-ka (kanįžįka) - distant thunder

► cf. ka-ni (kaní) - thunder; zhi-ka (žíka) - small; ka-niⁿ taⁿ-ka (kanį ttą́ka) - thunder, loud rolling; ka-ni-ni (kaníni), ka-niⁿ-niⁿ (kanįnį), ga-ni-ni (ganiní) - thunder

distant, size of that distant object

► koi-na-ska (kóinaská) - size of that distant object

► cf. ka-na-ska (kanaská) - size, of that size; she-na-ska (šenaská) - size, big enough, of that size; de-na-ska (denaská) - size, of this size; ha-na-ska (hánaská) - how big?, how small?, what size?; ha-na-ska naⁿ-naⁿ (hánaska ną́ną) - how big is each?; ha-na-ska-ska (hánaskáska) - how big is each?; ha-na-ska-ska hi-te (hánaskáska hitté) - whatever size, however big

► Dhegiha: a-thoⁿ-ska (athoⁿçka) - size [Omaha]; ha-thoⁿ-ska (há-thoⁿ-çka) - size, as measurement, the size of a coat or anything that is measurable [FL-Osage]; the-thoⁿ-ska (thé-thoⁿ-çka) - this size [FL-Osage]; ha-tha-ska (háaðaską) - how big?, how small? [CQ-Osage]; ha-yoⁿ-ska (háyoⁿska) - how big?, what size? [Kaw]; she-yoⁿ-ska (shéyoⁿska) - that size, that big, the size of the visible object [Kaw]; ye-yaⁿ-ska (yéyaⁿska) - size, this size, this large [Kaw]

distinguish, distinction

► o-we-taⁿ-iⁿ ka-xe (owéttąį káγe) - distinguish, make distinction

► cf. o-we-tiⁿ (owéttį) - to leave a mark

► Dhegiha: we-toⁿ-iⁿ ga-xe (wétoⁿiⁿ gáxe) - distinguish, to distinguish, make a distintction [Omaha/Ponca]; u-we-ʰtoⁿ-iⁿ ga-xe (ú-wé-ṭoⁿ-iⁿ ga-xe) - to make a mark of identification, a written record, a deed, a written instrument by which is recorded the transfer of real property [FL-Osage]; we-tiⁿ (wétiⁿ) - difference, distinction [Kaw]

divide

► a-da ka-xe (áda káγe) - share, divide with, part with, make offering ► a-da pa-xe (áda ppáγe) - I, a-da shka-xe (áda škáγe) - you

diving duck

► miⁿ-xa knoⁿ-ke (mį́γa knǫ́ke) - diving duck

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-xa wa-gthoⁿ-xe (míⁿxa wagthóⁿxe) - diving duck [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-xa wa-gthoⁿ-xe (míxa wagthoⁿxe) - blue winged teal duck [Omaha]

divorce

► ki-ha-we (kiháwe) - they quit, they quit being married, divorced [MS]

► ki-ha (kihá) - finish, quit, divorce

► ki-ha (kihá) - quit [MS]

► cf. ki-ha (kihá) - finish, quit, divorce; we (-we), a-we (-awe) - pluralizer for verbs and noun phrases; ki-ha oⁿ-pa (kihá ǫ́ppa) - Monday [MS]; ki-ha-zhi (kiháži) - fail to finish; t’e ki-ha (tʔé kihá) - certain to die, be terminal

dizzy

► iⁿ-e a-ho-bdiⁿ-ke (įtté ahóbdįké) - to be dizzy, also dizziness ► iⁿ-e a-hoⁿ-bdiⁿ-ke (įtté ahǫ́bdįke) - I, iⁿ-te a-di-ho-bdiⁿ-ke (įtté ádihóbdįké) - you

► ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ), ‘aⁿ (ʔą) - use, do, be ► moⁿ (mǫ) - I, zhoⁿ (žǫ) - you, ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ) - he/she, aⁿ-koⁿ (ąkǫ́) - we dual, I and one other, aⁿ-koⁿ-we (ąkǫ́we) - we

► cf. e-ki-‘oⁿ (ékiʔǫ) - do as someone has said or done

► ex: o-kaⁿ-shi-kaⁿ ‘oⁿ (okką́šiką́ ʔǫ́) - be hateful

► ex: ha-zhoⁿ ta ni-she (háažǫ tta nišé) - what are you going to do with it? [MS]

► ex: ha-zhoⁿ shkoⁿ-ta (hážǫ škǫttá) - what do you want with it? [MS]

► ex: ha-zhoⁿ ni-she (háažǫ nišé) - how are you (how are you doing)? [AG]

► ex: jhi-e ha-zhoⁿ ni-she (ǰíe hážǫ níšé) - how are you (how are you doing)? [AG]

► Dhegiha: ‘oⁿ (‘oⁿ) - do, be [Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ (ǫ́) - do, engage in an activity [CQ-Osage]; ‘oⁿ (’oⁿ), oⁿ (oⁿ) - do [Kaw]

do as someone has said or done

► e-ki-oⁿ (ékiǫ), e-ki-‘oⁿ (ékiʔǫ) - do as someone has said or done ► e-ki-moⁿ (ékimǫ) - I, e-ki-zhoⁿ (ékižǫ) - you

► cf. ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ), ‘aⁿ (ʔą) - use, do, be

► Dhegiha: e-gi-oⁿ (é-gí-oⁿ) - to do so [FL-Osage]; e-ki-oⁿ (ékiǫ) - do something, proceed or go ahead with something, can, be able to [CQ-Osage]; e-gi-‘oⁿ (égi’oⁿ), ‘e-gi-‘oⁿ (‘égi’oⁿ) - do so, do that to another, do something [Kaw]

do more than expected

► ka-chʰaⁿ-he … naⁿ (kkačʰą́he -ną) - do more than expected

do one's utmost, to the limit

► hi-niⁿ-ha ‘oⁿ (hínįhá ʔǫ́) - to do one's utmost, to the limit

► cf. ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ), ‘aⁿ (ʔą) - use, do, be

do something for onself

► e-wa-ki-k’oⁿ (éwakkikʔǫ́), e-wa-ki-k’aⁿ (éwakkikʔą́) - do something for onself ► e-a-wa-ki-k’oⁿ (eáwakkikʔǫ́) - I, e-wa-da-ki-k’oⁿ (éwadákkikʔǫ́) - you

do well at something

► pi-naⁿ (ppíną), pi-noⁿ (ppínǫ) - do well at something precociously

► cf. wa-pi-na (wappína) - chief of a gens (clan); wa-pi-na (wapína) - one who tells about old ways; ka-hi-ke ste-te (kahike stete), naⁿ-ka to (nanka tu), ka-ni zhi-ka (kani jika) only ones now [JOD]; custom, give up name when sick, someone else takes (adopts) the sick person as his (or her) child & gives a new name. If patient gets well, he must do some work for his (or her) adoptive parent. When Isabel was sick, she was told she must become sister to Geo R. who got her the name mi-ska ti-naⁿ (mi ska tinaⁿ) for her. This .... Geo R. .... who he had to pay the wa-pi-naⁿ (wapínaⁿ) [JOD]; wa-pi-na o-ti (wappína ótti), wa-pi-no-ti (wappínótti) - council house of a gens

► pi-‘oⁿ (ppiʔǫ́) - also pi-noⁿ (ppínǫ), do well, expresses precocity ► pi-moⁿ (ppímǫ) - I, shpi-zhoⁿ (špížǫ) - you

► Dhegiha: pi-oⁿ (pioⁿ) - fix [Omaha]; pi-oⁿ (pi-óⁿ) - expert, skillful [FL-Osage]; ʰpi-oⁿ (ʰpíǫ) - know how to do something, learn, be skilled at or expert in [CQ-Osage]

do wrong, do accidentally, err

► e-koⁿ-zhi (ekǫ́ži), e-kaⁿ-zhi ka-xe (eką́ži káγe) - wrong, do accidentally, err

► cf. e-kaⁿ (eką́), e-koⁿ (ekǫ́) - like, thus, like that, so; zhi (ži) - negative, not; ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause; e-kaⁿ xti (ékąxtí), e-koⁿ xti (ekǫ́xti) - really, just so

► Dhegiha: e-goⁿ-a-zhi (egoⁿazhi) - wrong, illegal, inaccurate, incorrect, false [Omaha]; e-koⁿ-zhi (ékǫži) - not be like this or that, be not thus, be otherwise, unseemly, inappropriate, not right, unsuitable, unfitting, ill-advised, wrong [CQ-Osage]; e-go-zhi (égozhi) - not like, not so, not as [Kaw]

do wrong, injure, sin

► e-kaⁿ-zhi wa-‘oⁿ (eką́ži waʔǫ́) - to do wrong, injure, sin ► e-kaⁿ-zhi wa-moⁿ (eką́ži wamǫ́) - I, e-kaⁿ-zhi wa-zhoⁿ (eką́ži wažǫ́) - you, e-kaⁿ-zhi oⁿ-maⁿ-we (eką́ži ǫmą́we) - we

► cf. e-kaⁿ (eką́), e-koⁿ (ekǫ́) - like, thus, like that, so; zhi (ži) - not, negation; ‘oⁿ (ʔǫ), ‘aⁿ (ʔą) - do

► Dhegiha: wa-oⁿ (wa-oⁿ) - he does to them [FL-Osage]; wa-oⁿ (waǫ́) - do stuff, do things [CQ-Osage]

do wrong, ruin by tearing

► di-shi-ke (díšiké) - ruin by tearing, do wrong ► bdi-shi-ke (bdíšike) - I, ti-shi-ke (ttíšike) - you

► cf. ► cf. di (di) - by hand, pulling; shi-ke (šíke) - bad, ugly

► Dhegiha: shi-ge (shíge) - bad, evil, injury [Kaw]; o-gi-k’aⁿ shi-ge (ogík’aⁿshíge) - do injury to someone, harm someone [Kaw] …. thi pi-a-zhi (thi piazhi) - ruin [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-pʰi-zhi (thi-p̣í-zhi) - damage, defilement, to spoil, to ruin by tearing, cutting, or burning [FL-Osage]; thu-ʰpi-zhi (ðuʰpíiži) - ruin, make something bad, do harm to, harm [CQ-Osage]

do, anxious to do something

► i-hi-ta (íhitta) - to be anxious to do something ► aⁿ-naⁿ-hi-ta (ąną́hitta) - I, i-di-hi-ta (ídihittá) - you, we-hi-ta-we (wéhittawé) - we

► cf. o-hi-ta (ohítta) - be anxious to do something; o-ki-hi-ta (okíhitta) - be anxious for one's own

► Dhegiha: i-hi-dse (í-hi-dse) - eager, earnest, impatient [FL-Osage]; i-hi-tse (íhice) - be anxious for, be eager that something take place, be impatient, hurry someone along, be ready [CQ-Osage]

► o-hi-ta (ohítta) - be anxious to do something

► cf. o-ki-hi-ta (okíhitta) - be anxious for one's own; i-hi-ta (íhitta) - to be anxious to do something

► Dhegiha: u-hi-da-zhi (uhídazhi) - anxious [Omaha]; u-hi-ta-zhi (uhitazhi) - eager [Omaha]

do, command to do

► ka-xa (kaγá) - command form of ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause

► cf. ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause

► ex: ki-ka-xa (kikaγá) - make it for him!

► ex: a-ki-di-be-niⁿ ka-xa (ákkidibénį kaγá) - plait it in two strands!

► ex: wa-ske ka-xa hne (wáske káγa hné) - you making bread (make bread!) [MS]

► ex: naⁿ-pe bi-ze ka-xa (nąpé bizé kaγá) - make dry hands (dry your hands!) [MS]

► ex: a-ta-koⁿ i-ta ka-xa (áttakkǫ ita kaγá) - let the light burn (turn on the lantern, make it burn) [MS]

do, difficult to do

► o-te-xi (óttexi) - difficult to do

► cf. wa-te-xi (wattéxi) - difficult, too much, too high a price; ; haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi zhi-ka (hą́ba wattéxi žíka) - Saturday, “little Sunday”; haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi (hą́ba wattéxi) - Sunday; haⁿ-ba wa-te-xi naⁿ-pa (hąbá wattéxi nąpá) - fortnight, two Sundays

► Dhegiha: u-ʰtse-xi (ú-ṭse-xi) - acts difficult to perform, such as warlike acts required to be performed in order to win honors and rank [FL-Osage]; te-xi (téxi) - difficult, hard do [Omaha]; ʰtse-xi (ʰcéxi) - sacred, precious, difficult [CQ-Osage]

do, easy to do

► o-t’e-ka (ótʔeka) - easy to do

► Dhegiha: o-ʰts’e-ga (ó-ṭs’e-ga) - easy [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰts-e-ga (wa-ṭs’é-ga) - docile, gentle, easily managed [FL-Osage]; wa-ts’e-ga (wa-ts’é-ga) - easy (task), tender (food), kind (person), gentle, frail [Kaw]

do, go, used with lightning

► i-de (idé) - do, go, used with lightning

► ex: di-aⁿ-ba i-de (dią́ba idé) - lightning, to sheet

do, make, cause

► ka-xe (káγe) - make, do, cause ► pa-xe (ppáγe) - I, shka-xe (škáγe) - you, ka-xe (káγe) - he/she, aⁿ-ka-xe (ąkáγe) - we dual, I and one other, aⁿ-ka-xa-we (ąkáγawe) - we

► cf. ka-xa (kaγá) - command form of make, do, cause; ka-xe-ye (káγeye) - to have made, done, caused; ki-ka-xe (kikáγe) - fix, repair; ki-ka-xe (kkikkáγe) - make for oneself; i-ka-zo i-ka-xe (íkazózo ikáγe) - pen, writing instrument

► ex: e-koⁿ ka-xe a-wi-ka-zhi (ekǫ́ káγe áwikaži) - I commanded you to do so

► ex: shka-xe (škáγe) - you made (you make) [OM]

► ex: ta-taⁿ shka-xe ni-kʰe (táttą škáγe nikʰé) - what are you making? [MS]

► ex: naⁿ-pe shpoⁿ hi shka-xe (nąpé špǫ hi škáγe) - you made (make) hand wet [MS]

► ex: hu-wa ka-xe (húwa káγe) - who done that? [MS]

► ex: ma-xpi ka-xe (maxpí káγe) - Cloud Maker, Making Clouds, personal name [MS]

► ex: ki-ka-xa (kikaγá) - make it for him!

► ex: a-ki-di-be-niⁿ ka-xa (ákkidibénį kaγá) - plait it in two strands!

► ex: wa-ske ka-xa hne (wáske káγa hné) - you making bread (make bread!) [MS]

► ex: naⁿ-pe bi-ze ka-xa (nąpé bizé kaγá) - make dry hands (dry your hands!) [MS]

► ex: a-ta-koⁿ i-ta ka-xa (áttakkǫ ita kaγá) - let the light burn (turn on the lantern, make it burn) [MS]

► Dhegiha: ga-xe (gáxe) - make [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-xe (gaxe) - made, make, creator, consume, construct, brew, build, erect, distill, develop, commit, create, dance [Omaha]; ga-xe (gá-xe) - to make, to perform [FL-Osage]; ka-xe (káaγe) - make, fix, prepare, bake, build, force someone to do something, cause something to be a certain way, turn on, do, perform, engage in, make it [CQ-Osage]; ga-ghe (gághe) - make, do, pretend, cause [Kaw]

do, not to know how to do anything

► kaⁿ-zhi-ka (ką́žiká) - not to know how to do anything ► paⁿ-zhi-ka (ppą́žiká) - I, shkaⁿ-zhi-ka (šką́žiká) - you

► Dhegiha: goⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga (góⁿ-zhiⁿ-ga) - failure to do a thing for lack of skill, unskilled [FL-Osage]; koⁿ-zhiⁿ-ka (kǫ́žįka) - be unskilled at, not know how to [CQ-Osage]; go-zhiⁿ-ga (gózhiⁿga) - ignorant, not to know how to [Kaw]

doctor

► ma-kaⁿ ka-xe (makką́ káγe) - doctor [MS]

► ma-kaⁿ ka-xe (makką́ káγe) - doctor, whiteman's doctor

► cf. ma-kaⁿ (makką́) - medicine; ka-xe (káγe) - make

► Dhegiha: ma-kʰoⁿ (makʰóⁿ) - medicine [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-koⁿ (moⁿkoⁿ) - medicine, turpentine, tonic, drug, peyote [Omaha]; moⁿ-ʰkoⁿ (moⁿ-ḳóⁿ) - drugs, any kind of medicine except poison [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-ʰka (mąʰka) - peyote, aspirin, or any other kind of medicine [CQ-Osage]; mo-kaⁿ (mokáⁿ) - medicine [Kaw]

► ni-ka xo-we (níkka xówe) - shaman, Indian doctor, priest

► cf. ni-ka (níkka) - man; xo-we (xówe) - sacred, holy

► Dhegiha: ni-ʰka xo-be (ní-ḳa xo-be) - the holy man [FL-Osage]

doe, female deer

► ta wa-x’o (ttawáxʔo) - doe, female deer

► cf. ta (tta) - deer; wa-x’o (waxʔó) - woman, also female animal

► Dhegiha: ta-xti miⁿ-ga (táqti míⁿga) - doe, female deer [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰta mi-ga (ṭa-mí-ga) - a female deer, a doe [FL-Osage]; ʰta miⁿ-ka (ʰtáa mį́įka) - doe, female deer [CQ-Osage]; ta miⁿ-ga (tá míⁿga) - doe [Kaw]

doe’s womb

► ta shi-o-zhi-ha (ttašíožíha) - doe's womb

► cf. ta (tta) - deer; shi-o-zhi-ha (šíožíha) - uterus; o-zhi-ha (óžiha) - sack, bag, pocket

► Dhegiha: zhiⁿ-u-zhi-ha (zhiⁿúzhiha) - placenta, uterus, “sack of baby” [Omaha/Ponca]

dog

► shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog

► shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog [MS, MR, AB, AG]

► shoⁿ-ke (schŏnnkĭēh) - dog (chien) [GI]

► shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́Ge) - dog [FS]

► shoⁿ-ga (šǫ́ga) - dog [OM]

► cf. shoⁿ-taⁿ-ka (šǫ́ttąka) - wolf; shoⁿ-taⁿ-ka sa (šǫttą́ka sá) - wolf, black; shoⁿ-ke a-kniⁿ (šǫ́keáknį) - horse, “sit upon dog”

► ex: shoⁿ-ke wi-ta (šǫ́ke wítta) - my dog

► ex: shoⁿ-ke wi-ta o-xnaⁿ iⁿ (šǫ́ke wítta óxną į) - my dog is mean [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke di-ta (šǫ́ke dítta) - your dog

► ex: shoⁿ-ke i-ta (šǫ́ke ittá) - his/her dog

► ex: shoⁿ-ke aⁿ-ko-ta (šǫ́ke ąkótta) - our dog

► ex: shoⁿ-ke ki-t’e (šǫ́ke kitʔé) - his/her dog died

► ex: shoⁿ-ke taⁿ-ka (šǫ́ke ttą́ka) - big dog [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke ta-kde-ska a-niⁿ niⁿ (šǫ́ke takdéska anį́ nį) - dog got fleas [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke te-zhe ki-de niⁿ-kʰe (šǫ́ke téže kíde nįkʰé) - dog pees (the dog is urinating) [MS]

► ex: zhe-ki-de niⁿ-kʰe, shoⁿ-ke (žekíde nįkʰé, šǫ́ke) - dog doo (he is defecating, the dog [MS]

► ex: ki-naⁿ-x'i-de niⁿ-kʰe shoⁿ-ke (kinąxʔide nįkʰé šǫ́ke) - scratching himself, the dog [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke hoⁿ-niⁿ-taⁿ o-ho tʰaⁿ (šǫ́ke hǫnį́ttą óho tʰą) - why is dog barking? [MS]

► ex: hoⁿ-niⁿ-taⁿ shoⁿ-ke o-di-ho zhi (hǫnį́ttą šǫ́ke ódiho ži) - why didn't dog, didn't bark at you? [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke naⁿ-ta ni-ke niⁿ-kʰe (šǫ́ke nąttá niké nįkʰé) - the dog didn't have no ear [MS]

► ex: shoⁿ-ke ta wa-hi a-da-x’i (šûke ttawáhi ádaxʔí) - the dog gnawed the (deer) bone

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿ-ge) - horse [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿ-ge) - dog or wolf [FL-Osage]; shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog, wolf [CQ-Osage]; shoⁿ-ge o-yu-da (shóⁿge óyudá) - dog [Kaw]

► shoⁿ-ke haⁿ-ka (căñ′k͓e hañ′k͓a) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; haⁿ-ka (hą́ka) - ancestral gens or first gens

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge hoⁿ-ga (shóⁿge hoⁿga) - Horse Leader, male name [Omaha]

► shoⁿ-ke maⁿ-niⁿ (căñ′k͓e maⁿ′niⁿ) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; maⁿ-niⁿ (mąnį́) - walk

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge moⁿ-iⁿ (shóⁿ-ge moⁿ-iⁿ) - Walking Dog, personal name [FL-Osage]

► shoⁿ-ke mi-te-xi (căñ′k͓e mí téqi) - female name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; mi (mi), miⁿ (mį) - female; o-te-xi (óttexi) - difficult to do; wa-te-xi (wattéxi) - difficult, too much, too high a price

► Dhegiha: mi-te-xi (-mitexi), wiⁿ-te-xi (-wiⁿtexi) - sacred female [Omaha]; miⁿ-ʰtse-xi (mįįʰcéxi) - precious female, difficult female, stout daughter [CQ-Osage]; mi tse-xi (-mi céxi) - female who is precious or difficult to be obtained [Kaw]

► shoⁿ-ke tʰi-de (căñ′k͓e tíd^¢ĕ) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; tʰi-de (tʰidé) - pass by

► Dhegiha: shoⁿge ʰtsi-e (shóⁿ-ge ṭsi-e) - Dog Passing By, personal name [FL-Osage]

► shoⁿ-ke wa-kaⁿ-ta (căñ′k͓e wakanta) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta), wa-koⁿ-ta (wakǫ́ta) - God; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - Thunder-being [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ-da (wakoⁿda) - God [Omaha]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-da (wa-ḳóⁿ-da) - God, the name applied by the Osage to the mysterious, invisable, creative power which brings into existence all living things of whatever kind [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-ta (waʰkǫ́ta) - God [CQ-Osage]; wa-kaⁿ-da (wakáⁿda) - god, Thunder God [Kaw]

dog, White Dog

► shoⁿ-ke ska (cañ-k͓ĕ′ ska) - masculine name of the Kwapa cañk͓é nikacík͓a or Dog gens; White Dog [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; ska (ska) - white

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge ska (shóⁿge ska) - White Horse, name [Omaha]; shoⁿ-ge ska (shóⁿge çka) - white wolf [FL-Osage]

dogfish

► ho ta-ma (ho ttáma) - dogfish

► cf. ho (ho) - fish

► Dhegiha: hu-hu (huhú) - fish [Omaha/Ponca]; ho (ho) - fish, both Osage and Omaha use fish for food [FL-Osage]; ho (hó) - fish [CQ-Osage]; ho (ho) - fish [Kaw]