English to Quapaw Dictionary

G

go home, to start homeward

► kde (kdé) - go home, to start homeward ► a-kde (akdé) - I, da-kde (dakdé) - you, kde (kdé) - he/she, aⁿ-ka-kde (ą́kakdé) - we, I and one other, kda-we (kdáwe), kda-wi (kdáwi) - they

► Dhegiha: gthe (gthe) - go, to go back, go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe (gthe) - to go home [FL-Osage]; a-le (alée) - initial a is often omitted in 3rd person and imperative, go back there, return there, go home, motion underway [CQ-Osage]; le (lé) - go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

► a-kde (akdé) - I go home, start homeward

► ex: a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe (akdé tta mįkʰé) - I'm going home [MS]

► ex: a-kde ta ta miⁿ-kʰe (akdé tta tta mįkʰé) - I'm going home [OM]

► ex: e-shoⁿ e-ti pa-ze he-be hi a-kde (ešǫ́ ettí ppáze hébe hí akdé) - so already (that) evening I started home

► ex: ti-kde-kde kʰe a-kde (ttíkdekde kʰe akdé) - I go home to the (line of standing) lodges

► ex: taⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ a-kde maⁿ-te kʰe-ti (ttą́nį wášką akdé mątté kʰettí) - running with all my might, I started back to the canoe [JOD]

► ex: wi-e a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe (wíe akdé tta mįkʰé) - I want to go home (I will be going home) [AG]

► ex: wi-e mo-sho-ki a-kde ta miⁿ-kʰe ka-sa-ni (wíe móšokki akdé tta mįkʰé kasáni) - I am going to church in the morning (tomorrow) [AG]

► Dhegiha: a-gthe (ag¢é) - I go back, I go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gthe (á-ghte) - I go home [FL-Osage]; a-le (alée) - I return there [CQ-Osage]; a-le (alé) - I go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

► da-kde (dakdé) - you go home, start homeward

► ex: pa-hi niⁿ-kʰe i-niⁿ-ha aⁿ-da-kdi-ze taⁿ ta-x’aⁿ-da-ki-de taⁿ aⁿ-da-ki-k’iⁿ da-kde te, i-ke naⁿ (ppahí nįkʰé inįhá ądákdizé tą táxʔądákidé tą ądákikʔį dakdé tte, iké ną) - you take my head and you barbecue it (for me), you carry/pack it (for me) when you go home, he said to her [JOD]

► ex: jhi-e mo-sho-ki da-kde (ǰíe móšokki dakdé) - did you go to church yesterday? (you go to church?) [AG)]

► Dhegiha: tha-gthe (¢ag¢é) - you go back, you go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-gthe (thá-gthe) - you go home [FL-Osage]; tha-le (ðalée) - you return there [CQ-Osage]; ya-le (yalé) - you go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

► kde (kdé) - he/she go home, start homeward

► ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta zho-zhi-te e-naⁿ o-zha-wi koⁿ-bda (waǰíni kdé tta žožítte éną óžawi kkǫbdá) - you white people go home and us Indians dance all night (when the white people go home, I want just us Indians to dance) [MS]

► ex: wa-jhi-ni kde ta aⁿ-ba o-zha hne (waǰíni kdé tta ą́ba óža hné) - you white people go home and dance all night [MS]

► ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ wa-ba-tʰe o-zhi-ha niⁿ-kʰe ki-k’iⁿ kde i-ya (waxʔóžiká nį wabátʰe óžiha nįkʰe kikʔį́ kdé iyá) - the old woman carried her sewing bag upon her back and went homeward, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: pa-te taⁿ k’iⁿ kde i-ya (pátte tą kʔį kdé iyá) - she butchered the carcass, packed it on her back, and carried it home, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: kde niⁿ (kde nį) - he was going homeward [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ a-shi toⁿ-we-ki-ki shoⁿ-niⁿ wa-shkaⁿ kde shoⁿ-niⁿ hi-pʰe i-ya-we (kóišǫttą áši tǫ́wekikí šǫ-nį́ wašką́ kdé šǫ-nį́ hipʰé iyáwe) - then she looked back at him repeatedly as she tried with all her might to get home, she fell, they say [JOD]

 

► aⁿ-ka-kde (ą́kakdé) - we, I and one other go home, start homeward

► ex: aⁿ-ka-kde taⁿ-ka-tʰaⁿ (ą́kakdé tta ą́katʰą) - we are going home (me and you are going home) [MS]

► ex: aⁿ-ka-kde te-a (ąkákde tteá) - let us go homeward, let’s go home [JOD]

► ex: wa-zhiⁿ-ka zho-hi hi t’e-aⁿ-de [t’e-aⁿ-da-we] aⁿka-kde te-a (wažį́ka žóhi hí tʔeą́de [tʔéądáwe] ąkákde tteá) - we have killed many birds, let’s go home [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-knaⁿ, aⁿ-ka-kde te, i-ke tʰaⁿ (įkną́, ąkákde tté, iké tʰą) - first son, let’s go home, he said to him [JOD]

 

► aⁿ-ka-kda-we (ąkákdawe) - we go home, start homeward

Dhegiha: aⁿ-ga-gtha i (añgág¢ai) - we go back, we go homeward [Omaha/Ponca]; oⁿ-ga-gtha i (oⁿ-gá-gtha i) - we go home [FL-Osage]; aⁿ-ga-la-be (aⁿgálabe) - we go back to a place, go home [Kaw]

 

► kda-we (kdáwe), kda-wi (kdáwi) - they go home, start homeward

► ex: kda-we (kdáwe) - they started home [JOD]

► ex: zho-ki-kde kda-wi (žókikde kdáwi) - together, they went home [JOD]

► ex: kde ta-we (kdé ttawe) - they were about to go homeward [JOD]

 

► kda (kdá) - go home!, start homeward!

► ex: ti-a-ti kda (ttíatti kdá) - go in the house! [MS]

► ex: e-ti kda (ek-tigadah) - go away!, be off! (va-t’en) [GI]

 

go homeward for one’s own

► a-kda kde (ákda kdé) - go homeward for one’s own ► a-kda a-kde (ákda akdé) - I, a-da-kda da-kde (adákda dakdé) - you, oⁿ-ka-kda oⁿ-ka-kda-we (ǫkákda ǫkákdawe) - we

► cf. kde (kdé) - go home, to start homeward; a-kda de (ákda dé) - go after, fetch one’s own; a-kda tʰi (ákda tʰí) - arrive here to this place to get one’s own object

► ex: a-kda kda (ákda kdá) - go back and get your!

 

go in that direction, go along that path

► o-ha de (óha dé) - to go in that direction, go along that path [JOD]

► cf. o-ha (ohá) - following, following its course [JOD]; de (de) - go; e-to-ha (ettóha) - ahead, in front, in advance; maⁿ-tʰa-ha (mątʰáha) - into, down into (as water); i-maⁿ-ha (imąha) - Imaha, a Quapaw village, the “up river” Quapaw village

► ex: hi-da-ta-kde o-ha de (hidáttakde óha dé) - she ascended the ladder [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke tʰaⁿ ni o-ha wa-taⁿ a-ki-de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą šʔaké tʰą ni ohá wattą́ akidé tta tʰą́ ną) - then the old man was about to go after goods along the creek/river [JOD]

► ex: wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke o-zhoⁿ-ke e-ki-zhi o-ha hi (wahą́nįke ožǫ́ke ekíži ohá hí) - the orphan arrived following along a different road [JOD]

► ex: ni o-ha naⁿ kde e-shoⁿ-hi ki i-ya-we (ní ohá ną kdé éšǫhi kí iyáwe) - she followed the course of the stream/water heading home, after some time she reached home, they say [JOD]

► Dhegiha: u-ha (uhá) - following, following it, following the course [JOD-Omaha]; u-ha u-ga-shoⁿ (uha ugashoⁿ) - tour [Omaha]; ha (ha) - through (direction), along a path, in a direction, by way of, from [CQ-Osage]

 

go on hunting expedition, migrate

► ka-xnaⁿ (kaxną́) - migrate, go on hunting expedition

► ka-xnaⁿ (kaxną́) - hunting as a tribe [JOD]

► cf. ka-xnaⁿ o-zhoⁿ-ke (kaxną́ ožǫ́ke) - migratory route, hunting route

► ex: ka-xnaⁿ hi ni-kʰa (kaxną́ hí nikʰá) - they were camping while hunting, they were on a hunting expedition [JOD]

► Dhegiha: ga-xthoⁿ (gaqthóⁿ) - hunting party, a hunting party including all or most of a tribe [Omaha/Ponca]; ga-xthoⁿ-the (ga-xthóⁿ-the) - to migrate, to go on a hunting expedition [FL-Osage]; ka-loⁿ-the (kaalóⁿðe) - travel, migrate, go on a hunting expedition [CQ-Osage]; ga-xlaⁿ (gaxláⁿ) - migrate, go an on extensive hunting expedition with many or all of the tribe; to go with a large party, each man taking his household [Kaw]

 

go out of the way to help

► i-we-de-naⁿ (íwedeną́) - go out of the way to help ► i-we-bde-maⁿ (íwebdemą́) - I, i-we-te-naⁿ (íwetteną́) - you

 

go out, as a fire

► ki-kde-zhe (kkikdéže) - go out, as a fire

► cf. ta-xde ki-kde-zhe (taxdé kikdéže) - firecoal/spotted(=dead) [JOD]; kde-zhe (kdežé) - spotted

► Dhegiha: ga-gthe-zhe (ga-gthé-zhe) - to put out a fire, the act of putting out a fire by striking with a wet blanket [FL-Osage]; gi-gthe-zhe (gi-gthé-zhe) - fade, to lose color [FL-Osage]

 

go over, pass over, walk on

► a-pʰe (ápʰe) - go over, pass over, walk on ► a-a-pʰe (áapʰe) - I, a-da-pʰe (ádapʰe) - you

► Dhegiha: a-pshe (á-pshe) - to walk on, or to go from house to house [FL-Osage]; a-pshe (ápše) - around, pass around, give around, walk around, go around, circulate [CQ-Osage]; a-phe (áphe) - walk on something, ascend, cover over, as a lodge with skins [Kaw]

 

go to sleep

► a-zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (ážą́ įké) - go to sleep [MS]

► cf. a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, bedstead; iⁿ-ke (įké) - lying objects, plural/lying/animate, collocations of lying objects take the sitting art. as a bundle; niⁿ-kʰe (nįkʰé) - continuative aux, sitting; niⁿ-kʰe (nįkʰe) - the singular/sitting/animate or inanimate;; e za-ni zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (é zaní žą́ įké) - they all reclining; zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep; zhoⁿ-ki-de (žǫ́kkidé) - lie down to sleep; zhoⁿ i-he (žǫ́ ihé) - be lying down; zhaⁿ-kʰe (žąkʰé), zhoⁿ-kʰe (žǫkʰé) - continuative aux, be lying, reclining [JOD]; o-zhaⁿ wa-kniⁿ-zhi (óžą waknį́ži) - enemy (within the tribe), “a bad person to sleep among”; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family

► Dhegiha: a-zhoⁿ (á-zhoⁿ) - bed, bedstead, couch, lounge [FL-Osage]; a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, lie down [CQ-Osage]; a-zhaⁿ (ázhaⁿ) - bed, bench [Kaw]

 

► a-zhoⁿ ti-ke (ažǫ́ tiké) - go to sleep [OM]

► cf. a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, bedstead; ti (-tti) - at, by, in; kʰe (kʰe) - the singular/lying/animate or inanimate; zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep; zhoⁿ-ki-de (žǫ́kkidé) - lie down to sleep; zhoⁿ i-he (žǫ́ ihé) - be lying down; e za-ni zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (é zaní žą́ įké) - they all reclining; zhaⁿ-kʰe (žąkʰé), zhoⁿ-kʰe (žǫkʰé) - continuative aux, be lying, reclining [JOD]; o-zhaⁿ wa-kniⁿ-zhi (óžą waknį́ži) - enemy (within the tribe), “a bad person to sleep among”; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family

► Dhegiha: a-zhoⁿ (á-zhoⁿ) - bed, bedstead, couch, lounge [FL-Osage]; a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, lie down [CQ-Osage]; a-zhaⁿ (ázhaⁿ) - bed, bench [Kaw]

 

► zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep ► a-zhaⁿ i-bde (ažą́ ibdé) - I, da-zhaⁿ i-te (dažą́ itté) - you

► zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep [MS]

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline; i-de (idé) - do, go; i-de (idé) - departed [JOD]; hi-de (hidé) - go, to have gone somewhere; zhoⁿ-ki-de (žǫ́kkidé) - lie down to sleep; zhoⁿ i-he (žǫ́ ihé) - be lying down; e za-ni zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (é zaní žą́ įké) - they all reclining; zhaⁿ-kʰe (žąkʰé), zhoⁿ-kʰe (žǫkʰé) - continuative aux, be lying, reclining [JOD]; o-zhaⁿ wa-kniⁿ-zhi (óžą waknį́ži) - enemy (within the tribe), “a bad person to sleep among”; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family

► ex: da-zhaⁿ i-te naⁿ hoⁿ-bde (dažą́ itté ną hǫ́bde) - when you go to sleep, you dream [MS]

► Dhegiha: zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to recline, to lie down, to sleep, to be asleep [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to sleep [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ (žą́ą) - sleep, go to sleep, lie down to sleep, go to bed, sleep over, stay all night, night’s rest, overnight stay [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ (zhaⁿ) - lie down, sleep [Kaw]

 

► zhoⁿ-ki-de (žǫ́kkidé) - lie down to sleep ► zhoⁿ-a-ki-de (žǫ́akkidé) - I, zhoⁿ-da-ki-de (žǫ́dakkidé) - you

► cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline; ki-de (kkíde), ki-de (kíde) - cause oneself; zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep; zhoⁿ i-he (žǫ́ ihé) - be lying down; e za-ni zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (é zaní žą́ įké) - they all reclining; zhaⁿ-kʰe (žąkʰé), zhoⁿ-kʰe (žǫkʰé) - continuative aux, be lying, reclining [JOD]; a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, bedstead; o-zhaⁿ wa-kniⁿ-zhi (óžą waknį́ži) - enemy (within the tribe), “a bad person to sleep among”; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family

► ex: zhoⁿ-ki-de ta miⁿ-kʰe (žǫ́kkidé tta mįkʰé) - I want to lay down (I am going to lie down to sleep [MS]

► ex: aⁿ-zhoⁿ-ki-de aⁿ-ki-wi-taⁿ (ąžǫ́kkidé ąkiwittą́) - let’s go to bed [MS]

► ex: zhaⁿ-ki-da-wi (žąkkidáwi) - they lay down in order to go to sleep [JOD]

► ex: kda-tʰe ki-ha-i naⁿ zhaⁿ-ki-da-wi i-ya-we pa-ze-de naⁿ (kdatʰé kihaí ną žąkkidáwi iyáwe ppáze dé ną) - when they were finished eating (their own food), they went to sleep after dark, they say [JOD]

► Dhegiha: zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to recline, to lie down, to sleep, to be asleep [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to sleep [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ (žą́ą) - sleep, go to sleep, lie down to sleep, go to bed, sleep over, stay all night, night’s rest, overnight stay [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ (zhaⁿ) - lie down, sleep [Kaw]

 

► zhaⁿ ti-aⁿ (žą tią́), zhoⁿ ti-aⁿ (žǫ tią́) - to feel like lying down/reclining/sleeping ► a-zhaⁿ ti-aⁿ (ažą́ tią́) - I, da-zhaⁿ ti-aⁿ (dažą́ tią́) - you

► cf. cf. zhaⁿ (žą), zhoⁿ (žǫ) - lie, recline; ti-aⁿ (tią́) - to feel like, somewhat; zhaⁿ i-de (žą́ idé) - sleep; zhoⁿ-ki-de (žǫ́kkidé) - lie down to sleep; zhoⁿ i-he (žǫ́ ihé) - be lying down; e za-ni zhaⁿ iⁿ-ke (é zaní žą́ įké) - they all reclining; zhaⁿ-kʰe (žąkʰé), zhoⁿ-kʰe (žǫkʰé) - continuative aux, be lying, reclining [JOD]; a-zhaⁿ (ážą) - bed, bedstead; o-zhaⁿ wa-kniⁿ-zhi (óžą waknį́ži) - enemy (within the tribe), “a bad person to sleep among”; ti o-zhaⁿ (ttí ožą́) - household, family

► ex: a-zhoⁿ ti-aⁿ (ažǫ́ tią́) - I want to lay down (I feel like lying down) [MS]

► ex: a-zhoⁿ ti-aⁿ (ažǫ́ tią́) - I’m going to bed (I feel like lying down) [OM]

► ex: da-zhoⁿ ti-aⁿ (dažǫ́ tią́) - sleepy (you feel like laying down) [MS]

► Dhegiha: zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to recline, to lie down, to sleep, to be asleep [Omaha/Ponca]; zhoⁿ (zhoⁿ) - to sleep [FL-Osage]; zhaⁿ (žą́ą) - sleep, go to sleep, lie down to sleep, go to bed, sleep over, stay all night, night’s rest, overnight stay [CQ-Osage]; zhaⁿ (zhaⁿ) - lie down, sleep [Kaw]

 

go up, ascend

► maⁿ-shi de (mą́ši dé) - go up, ascend

                        ► cf. maⁿ-shi (mąší) - upper, upward, heaven; de (de) - go

► cf. maⁿ-shi hi (mą́ši hí) - high, high up, incommunicative; maⁿ-shi o-ki (mą́ši okkí) - Christian, lit.,"talks on high"; maⁿ-shi o-ki o-ti (mą́ši okkí ótti) - church, “house to talk above”; maⁿ-shi taⁿ-ka (mąší ttą́ka) - mountain

► Dhegiha: moⁿ-shi a-di (moⁿshíadi) - tall, be very tall, extend from the ground far up into the air [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-shi a-ha (moⁿshiaha) - high [Omaha]; moⁿ-shi (moⁿ́-shi) - up above, the arch of heaven, zenith [FL-Osage]; maⁿ-shi (mą́ši) - be upward or upright [CQ-Osage]; maⁿ-shi (máⁿshi) - high up, as the sun in the sky [Kaw]; maⁿ-shi-ta (maⁿshíta) - above, upper, e.g. upper teeth [Kaw]

 

go with

► zho-kde (žokdé) - with, be with someone ► zho-a-kde (žoákde) - I, zho-da-kde (žódakde) - you

► cf. zho (žo) - with, comitative

► ex: wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ zho-kde e-ti hi naⁿ (waxʔóžiká nį žókde étti hí ną) - the old woman accompanied him as he went there [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ ti tʰe-ti zho-kde ki (kóišǫ́ttą ttí tʰettí žókde kí) - then he arrived at the lodge with him [JOD]

► ex: zho-kde (žókde) - with him [JOD]

► ex: zho-ki-kde (žókikde) - he with her, his own; he with his own [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o ni-ka zho-ki-kde ta-bde da-we (waxʔó nikká žókikde tábde dáwe) - a man went hunting with his woman/wife [JOD]

► ex: zho-ki-kde kda-wi (žókikde kdáwi) - together, they went home [JOD]

► ex: zho-wa-ki-kde (žówakíkde) - she with them, her own [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-zha wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe shi-zhi-ka zho-wa-ki-kde wa-kda-niⁿ hi taⁿ a-di-xe (kóišǫ́ttą ną́ža waxʔó žiká nįkʰé šižíka žówakíkde wákdanį hí tą adiγé) - and then the old woman married him, she took her children along with her [JOD]

► Dhegiha: zhu-gthe (zhúgthe) - to be with someone [Omaha/Ponca]; zhu-gthe (zhúgthe) - companion [Omaha]; zho-gthe (zhó-gthe), zhu-gthe (zhú-gthe) - to accompany, to go with someone, with him or her [FL-Osage]; zho-le (žóle) - marry, accompany, go with, come with, date, be in courtship with, lit., ‘be with’ [CQ-Osage]; zho-le (zhóle) - with, to be with [Kaw]

 

go with, follow, attend

► e-ti o-i-he (étti óihé) - follow, go with, attend

► cf. e-ti (ettí), (étti) - there

► Dhegiha: e-di (edí) - there [Omaha/Ponca]; e-di (edi) - there, over there, at [Omaha]; e-dsi (e-dsi) - there [FL-Osage]; e-tsi (ecí) - be present/there, exist here/there, be at that time [CQ-Osage]; e-ji (ejí), (éji) - there, in that, place, to that place, thither [Kaw]

 

go, didn’t go, went not

► da-zhi (dáži) - didn’t go, went not [JOD]

► cf. de (de) - go; zhi (ži) - not, negative

 

go, let go, free

► di-shtaⁿ de-de (dištą́ dedé) - let go, free

► cf. di-shtaⁿ (dištą́) - finish, complete; de-de (déde) - sent away, causative of go

► Dhegiha: thi-shtoⁿ the-the (thishtoⁿ thethe) - turn loose, release [Omaha]; thi-shtoⁿ ga-xe (thi-shtóⁿ ga-xe) - to discharge one employed [FL-Osage]; thi-shtoⁿ gthe ga-xe (thi-shtóⁿ gthe ga-xe) - to release one from confinement, to let one go free who has been under arrest, to liberate a captive [FL-Osage]; yu-shtaⁿ ye-ye (yushtáⁿ yéye) - to drop or let go of something suddenly [Kaw]

 

go, to go through

► a-ki-da-xda-te de (ákkidaxdátte dé) - to go through

► cf. a-ki-da-xda-te (ákkidaxdátte) - through [JOD]; i-ka-pʰe a-ba-xda-te (íkapʰe ábaxdátte) - comb that is worn in the hair [JOD]; ni-shki-ta a-ba-xda-te i-tʰe-de (niškítta ábaxdátte itʰéde) - he stuck it (the pin) into his hair (on the back of the head) [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-ki-tha-xtha-de (akíthaxthade) - through [Omaha]; we-a-ba-xtha-de (weábaqtháde) - hairpin [Omaha/Ponca]; na-zhi-ha we-ba-xtha-de (nazhíha wébaqtháde) - hairpin [Omaha/Ponca]; maⁿ yu-xla-je (máⁿyuxláje) - arrow shaft polisher made of grooved stones [Kaw]

 

go, to go with one’s own, take one’s own with one

► a-kda-niⁿ de (akdánį de) - take one’s own with one; to go with one’s own (relatives, etc.)

► cf. a-kda-niⁿ hi (akdánį hi) - to come hither with one’s own; a-kda-niⁿ kdi (akdánį kdí) - to have brought back one’s own; a-niⁿ (anį́) - have, keep; a-ki-niⁿ (ákinį) - have or keep for someone; de (de) - go

► ex: e e-ta taⁿ-ha kdi-ze a-taⁿ ti-a-ti kaⁿ a-kda-niⁿ de (é ettá tąhá kdíze áttą ttíatti ką ákdanį́ dé) - because it was hers, she took it (her own), she took it into the house [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-gtha-thiⁿ (agtháthiⁿ) - have, keep, to have or keep one’s own [Omaha/Ponca]; a-gtha-thiⁿ (a-gthá-thiⁿ) - to have or keep one’s own [FL-Osage]; a-la-thiⁿ (aláðį) - carry one’s items, carry along one’s items, carry or take one’s own, have or take as one’s own, inherit [CQ-Osage]; a-la-thiⁿ the (aláðįðee) - take one’s own [CQ-Osage]; a-la-yiⁿ (aláyiⁿ) - have or keep one's own [Kaw]

 

go, to have gone somewhere

► hi-de (hidé) - go, to have gone somewhere ► hi-bde (hibdé) - I, hi-te (hitté) - you, oⁿ-hi-oⁿ-da-we (ǫhíǫdawé) - we

► cf. a-ki-niⁿ hi-de (ákinį hidé) - to have taken someone’s property; ki-hi-de (kíhide) - to have gone from one’s own

► ex: hi-da-zhi (hidáži) - went not [JOD]

► ex: hi-bde taⁿ, ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (hibdé tą, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - when I’m gone, don’t you come around my house [MS]

Dhegiha: hi-the (hi-thé) - to have gone, to have departed, to cause to reach there, to send thither [FL-Osage]; hi-the (híðe) - send there, literally, cause to arrive there [CQ-Osage]; hi-ye (hiyé), i-ye (iyé) - to have gone to a particular place, to have set as the sun, to have gone (somewhere), send [Kaw]

 

► i-de (idé) - departed [JOD]

► ex: o-xda-ti siⁿ-te saⁿ-haⁿ i-da-da i-de (oxdátti sį́tte są́hą idáda idé) - he (rabbit) departed, his whitish tail being seen/showing off and on in the brush [JOD]

► ex: ti tʰe ki-k’i a-taⁿ i-de (ttí tʰe kikʔí áttą idé) - he gave his own lodge to him and departed [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o to-wa ti-kde ha-ki i-da-we, i-he (waxʔó tówa ttíkde hakí idáwe, ihé) - where have the four women that live together gone too, I say [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o to-wa ti-kde ha-ki i-da-we, i-ke (waxʔó tówa ttíkde hakí idáwe, iké) - where have the four women that live together gone too, he asked her [JOD]

► ex: ha-ki i-da-we i-pa-haⁿ-zhi miⁿ-kʰe, i-yi (hakí idáwe íppahąží mįkʰé, iyí) - I don’t know where they have gone, she said [JOD]

 

go!

► da (dá) - go!, command form of de (de) - go

► cf. de (de) - go

► ex: di-e toⁿ ti da hne (díe ttǫ tti dá hné) - you go to town! [MS]

► ex: ba-shoⁿ de-da (bašǫ́ de-dá) - throw it out! [MS]

► ex: a-shi-niⁿ a-kda da (ášinį ákda dá) - go get your coat! [MS]

► ex: di-e ka-ki-de-de da ni-he (díe kákidéde dá nihé) - you go in that direction [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ di-te-ke wa-sa niⁿ-kʰe ta e-ti da i-ye naⁿ aⁿ-naⁿ-ho-sa naⁿ (įkką́ dítteke wasá niⁿkʰe tta étti dá iyé ną ąną́hosá naⁿ) - my grandmother scolded me and said, “go to the black bear, your uncle” [JOD]

► ex: ki-te da (kkítte dá) - go shoot him! [MS]

► ex: iⁿ-knaⁿ, wa-zhiⁿ ki-te da ni-he (įkną́, wažį́ kkíte dá-nihé) - first son, go shoot some birds! [JOD]

► ex: i-di-bnaⁿ hi e-koⁿ shka-te da ni-he, pi-za-ti shka-te da ni-he, i-ke niⁿ (ídibną́ hi ekǫ́ škátte dá-nihé, ppizátti škátte dá-nihé, iké nį) - you’ve had enough, go play, go play on the sand, she said to him [JOD]

► ex: di-e e-ti da (díe ettí dá) - you go! (you go there!) [MS]

► ex: di-taⁿ-niⁿ e-ti da! a-shi-oⁿ-he-taⁿ she-ta pi te (díttąnį étti dá!  ášiǫhéttą šétta ppi tte) - you go there first, and I will join you later on

► ex: wa-tʰe a-bi-saⁿ-te koi-tʰe di-ha-knaⁿ da (watʰé ábisątte kóitʰe dihákną dá) - go iron your dress! [AG]

► ex: a-kda-da (ákda dá) - go get your own!

 

► kda (kdá) - go home!, start homeward!, command form of kde (kdé) - go home, to start homeward

► ex: ti-a-ti kda (ttíatti kdá) - go in the house! [MS]

► ex: e-ti kda (ek-tigadah) - go away!, be off! (va-t’en) [GI]

► ex: a-kda kda (ákda kdá) - go back and get yours!

 

goat

► ma-shtiⁿ-ke taⁿ-ka (maštį́ke ttą́ka) - goat [MS, OM]

► ma-shtiⁿ-ke toⁿ-ka maštį́kettǫ́ka) - goat, lit. “big rabbit”

► cf. ma-shtiⁿ-ke (maštį́ke) - rabbit, hare; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large

► Dhegiha: he sa-kʰi-ba (hésakʰíba) - goat, “horns parallel [Omaha/Ponca]; he sa-ki-ba (héça kiba) - goat [Omaha]; i-hiⁿ a-gi-dse-zhe (í-hiⁿ a-gi-dse-zhe) - goat [FL-Osage]; iⁿ-hiⁿ a-ʰki-tse-zhe (į́hį áʰkiceže) - goat, “urinates upon his whiskers” [CQ-Osage]; ta-ska iⁿ-hiⁿ stse-je (taská íⁿhiⁿ scéje) - goat, billy goat, lit. “the white deer with long beard” [Kaw]

 

God, Father God

► iⁿ-ta-te wa-kaⁿ-ta (įttátte wakką́tta) - Father God, my father God

► cf. iⁿ-ta-te (įttátte) - my father; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - God, spirit

► ex: iⁿ-ta-te wa-kaⁿ-ta (įttátte wakką́tta) - God the Father [FR]

► ex: iⁿ-ta-te wa-kaⁿ-ta maⁿ-shi niⁿ-kʰe (įttátte wakką́tta mąší nįkʰé) - Father (God) is up in heaven [MS]

► ex: iⁿ-ta-te wa-kaⁿ-ta (įttátte wakką́tta) - our father in heaven; bless you [AB]

► Dhegiha: iⁿ-ʰta-tsi wa-ʰkoⁿ-ta (įʰtáci waʰkǫ́ta) - our heavenly father, lit., “Father God” [CQ-Osage]; iⁿ-da-je wa-kaⁿ-da (iⁿdáje wakáⁿda) - Father God [Kaw]

 

God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God

► wa-koⁿ-ta (wakǫ́ta) - God [MS, OM]

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ-da (wakoⁿda) - God [Omaha]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-da (wa-ḳóⁿ-da) - God, the name applied by the Osage to the mysterious, invisable, creative power which brings into existence all living things of whatever kind, they believe that this great power resides in the air, the blue sky, the clouds, the stars, the sun, the moon, and the earth, and keeps them in motion [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-ta (waʰkǫ́ta) - God [CQ-Osage]; wa-kaⁿ-da (wakáⁿda) - God, the Mysterious One, the Deity, the Powerful One; any of several mysterious beings [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta-gi (wakántagí) - God, the supreme ruler, the white man’s God [JOD]

► wa-kaⁿ-ta-ki (wakką́ttakí) - spirit, God, this term is used for traditional medicine men in closely related languages

► wa-koⁿ-ta-ki  (wakǫ́takí) - personal name of Tom Crawfish [MS]

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ-da-gi (wakóⁿdagi) - monster, male name [Omaha]; wa-koⁿ-da-gi (wa-ḳóⁿ-da-gi) - a person who has knowledge of medicine, a physcian, a doctor; one who pretends to communicate with the dead, a necromancer, occult, magic; holy, sacred, anything held sacred [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-ta-ki (waʰkǫ́taki) - be a doctor, physician, healer, minister of a religious group, preacher [CQ-Osage]; wa-kaⁿ-da-gi (wakáⁿdagi) - sacred, mysterious, doctor, medicine man [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta (wa-kań-t͓ă) - masculine name of the Kwapa wakanta or Thunder-Being gens; Thunder-Being [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ-da (wakóⁿda) - power, of the sacred stones, personal name [Omaha]; wa-kaⁿ-da (wakáⁿda) - Thunder God, male name [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta zhi-ka (wa-kań-t͓a jí-k͓a) - masculine name of the Kwapa wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakantă) gens; Young Thunder Being [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural; zhi-ka (žiká), (žíka), zhi-ga (žigá) - small, little, young

► Dhegiha: wa-koⁿ-da (wakoⁿda) - God [Omaha]; wa-koⁿ-da (wakóⁿda) - power, of the sacred stones, personal name [Omaha]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-da (wa-ḳóⁿ-da) - God, the name applied by the Osage to the mysterious, invisable, creative power which brings into existence all living things of whatever kind [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰkoⁿ-ta (waʰkǫ́ta) - God [CQ-Osage]; wa-kaⁿ-da (wakáⁿda) - god [Kaw]; wa-kaⁿ-da (wa-káⁿ-da) - Thunder God, male name [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta ka-hi-ke (wa-kań-t͓ă k͓a-hí-k͓e) - masculine name of the Kwapa oⁿpʰŭⁿ or Elk gens; Thunder-being Chief. A name of John Medicine, as told by him, Dec. 20, 1890. His other name was oⁿ-pʰoⁿ wa-kaⁿ-ta (oⁿpʰŭⁿ wakant͓ă). He belongs to the uk͓aqpa-qti or Real Kwapa village or phratry of the tribe. [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural; ka-hi-ke (kahíke), ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - chief

► Dhegiha: ga-hi-ge (ga-hí-ge) - the great one, the chief [FL-Osage]; ka-hi-ke (ka-hí-ke) - chief [CQ-Osage]; ga-hi-ge (gahíge) - chief, leader, ruler, be chief, rule over; JOD (reflecting his times): to rule over, as a chief or U.S. agent does

                        [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta x’aⁿ-sa (wakańta q’aⁿsá) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural; x’aⁿ-sa (xʔąsá) - swift

► Dhegiha: ’oⁿ-sa (’oⁿsa) - swift, fast [Omaha/Ponca]; ’oⁿ-sa-gi (’óⁿsagi) - rapid, swift, fast [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰk’oⁿ-sa-gi (ḳ’óⁿ-ça-gi) - fleet, swift, swiftly, very fast [FL-Osage]; k’aⁿ-sa-ki (kʔą́saaki) - be fast in movment, fleet, quickly, fast, rapidly, swiftly [CQ-Osage]; k’aⁿ-sa-gi (k’áⁿsagi), k’aⁿ-sa-ge (k’áⁿsage) - fast, swiftly, rapidly, run fast, be fast [Kaw]

 

► wa-kaⁿ-ta tʰi-de (wa-kûń-t͓a ti-d^¢ĕ) - masculine name of the Kwapa wa-zhiⁿ-ka (wajiñk͓a) or Bird gens; The Thunder Being Passed on or Advanced. The first name of Alphonsus Valliere [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural; tʰi-de (tʰidé) - pass by

► Dhegiha: tʰi-the (tʰithé) - to begin, commence, or start suddenly, to come forth, as an infant at birth [Omaha/Ponca]; tsi-the (tsi-the) - passing by [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi-the (ṭsi-thé) - he hastened, he began, denoting sudden action [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi-the-the (ṭsi-thé-the) - to pass along [FL-Osage]

 

► xi-da wa-kaⁿ-ta (qid^¢á wakańta) - masculine name, Geo Redeagle’s 1st name, when baby; Eagle Thunder Being, Geo Redeagle [JOD]

► cf. xi-da (xidá) - eagle; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: xu-tha wa-ʰkoⁿ-da (xu-thá wa-ḳoⁿ-da) - Mysterious Eagle, male personal name [FL-Osage]

 

► a-hi wa-kaⁿ-ta (áhi wakaⁿ́ta) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. a-hi (áhi) - wing; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: a-hiⁿ (ahiⁿ) - wing [Omaha]; a-hiⁿ (á-hiⁿ), a-hiu (á-hiu) - wings [FL-Osage]; a-hu (áahu) - wing [CQ-Osage]; a-hu (áhu) - wing or wings of a bird [Kaw]

 

► ka-xe wa-kaⁿ-ta (káqe wakañta) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. ka-xe (kkáγe) - raven, crow; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: ka-xe (káxe) - crow [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰka-xe (ḳá-xe) - crow [FL-Osage]; ʰka-xe (ʰkáɣe) - crow [CQ-Osage]; ka-ghe (kághe) - crow [Kaw]

 

► kde-taⁿ wa-kaⁿ-da (ktqetăⁿ́ wakaⁿ́d^¢a) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. kde-taⁿ (kdetą́) - hawk; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: gthe-doⁿ (gthedóⁿ) - pigeon hawk [Omaha/Ponca]; gthe-doⁿ (gthedoⁿ) - american sparrow hawk [Omaha]; gthe-doⁿ (gthe-dóⁿ) - hawk, falcon, used also as a personal name in the Osage Tribe [FL-Osage]; le-taⁿ (letą́), le-toⁿ (letǫ́) - hawk [CQ-Osage]; gle-daⁿ (gledáⁿ) - hawk [Kaw]; le-daⁿ (ledáⁿ) - hawk, chicken hawk [Kaw]

 

► ni-zhi wa-kaⁿ-ta (nijí wakańta) - masculine name, Rain Thunder Being [JOD]

► cf. ni-zhi (niží) - rain; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: na-zhiⁿ (nazhíⁿ) - rain, to rain [Omaha/Ponca]; noⁿ-zhiⁿ (noⁿzhiⁿ) - rain [Omaha]; ni-zhiu (ni-zhiú) - rain [FL-Osage]; ni-zhu (níižu) - rain [CQ-Osage]; ni-zhu (nizhú), nu-zhu (nuzhú)- rain [Kaw]

 

► oⁿ-pʰoⁿ wa-kaⁿ-ta (oⁿ́-pʰŭⁿ wa-kań-t͓ă) - masculine name of the (Kwapa) oⁿ-pʰaⁿ gens; Elk that is Supernatural. A name of the chief, John Medicine [JOD]

► cf. oⁿ-pʰaⁿ (ǫ́pʰą), oⁿ-pʰoⁿ (ǫ́pʰǫ), iⁿ-pʰa (į́pʰa) - elk; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: oⁿ-poⁿ (oⁿpoⁿ) - elk [Omaha]; oⁿ-ʰpoⁿ (ǫ́p̣oⁿ) - elk [FL-Osage]; oⁿ-pxaⁿ (ó̜pxą) - elk [CQ-Osage]; oⁿ-pʰaⁿ (ǫ́pʰaⁿ) - elk, probably the female [Kaw]

 

► shoⁿ-ke wa-kaⁿ-ta (căñ́k͓e wakanta) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿ-ge) - horse [Omaha/Ponca]; shoⁿ-ge (shóⁿ-ge) - dog or wolf [FL-Osage]; shoⁿ-ke (šǫ́ke) - dog, wolf [CQ-Osage]; shoⁿ-ge o-yu-da (shóⁿge óyudá) - dog [Kaw]

 

► si-kde wa-kaⁿ-ta (si-ktçĕ́ wa-kań-t͓ă) - masculine name of the Kwapa oⁿ-pʰoⁿ or Elk gens; Mysterious Trail (rather than Trail of a wakant͓a or Mysterious being, wa-kaⁿ-ta si-kde (wakant͓ă sikt^çĕ) [JOD]

► cf.si-kde (sikdé) - footprint, trail, track; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: si-gthe (sigthé) - footprint, track, trail, the track or trail of a person or animal [Omaha/Ponca]; si-gthe (çi-gthe), (çi-gthé) - track, footprint [FL-Osage]; ʰta si-le ʰtawaⁿ (ʰtaasílee ʰtaáwą) - Tulsa, Oklahoma, literally, deer crossing town [CQ-Osage]; si-dle (sidlé), si-le (silé), (síle) - footprints, a trail [Kaw]

 

► sni-hi wa-kaⁿ-ta (sníhi wakańta) - masculine name “Cold Thunder being”, father of o-ka-shaⁿ (uk͓acaⁿ) [JOD]

► cf. sni hi (sní hi) - cold (very cold) [MS, OM]; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: zni (zni) - cool cold [Omaha/Ponca]

 

► ti-zhe wa-kaⁿ-ta (tijé wakańta) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. ti-zhe (ttíže), (ttižé) - door, entrance to a lodge; wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

► Dhegiha: ti-zhe-be (tizhébe) - door, doorway, entrance to a tent, lodge, or house [Omaha/Ponca]; ʰtsi-zhe (ṭsí-zhe), ʰtsi-zhe-be (ṭsí-zhe-be) - the door of a house or tipi [FL-Osage]; ʰtsi-zhe (ʰcižé) - door [CQ-Osage]; ʰtsi-zhe-pe (ʰcižépe) - doorway, threshold, formal, used especially for God's doorway at funerals [CQ-Osage]; tsi-zhe-be (cizhébe) - door, doorway [Kaw]

 

► hi-kde wa-kaⁿ-ta (hí kt^çĕ wakańta) - masculine name, Geo Valliere [JOD]

► cf. wa-kaⁿ-ta (wakką́tta) - spirit, God, thunder being, mysterious, mysterious being, supernatural

 

gone

► hi-de (hidé) - go, to have gone somewhere ► hi-bde (hibdé) - I, hi-te (hitté) - you, oⁿ-hi-oⁿ-da-we (ǫhíǫdawé) - we

► cf. a-ki-niⁿ hi-de (ákinį hidé) - to have taken someone’s property; ki-hi-de (kíhide) - to have gone from one’s own

► ex: hi-da-zhi (hidáži) - went not [JOD]

► ex: hi-bde taⁿ, ti wi-ta ti da-tʰi koⁿ-bda zhi (hibdé tą, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži) - when I’m gone, don’t you come around my house [MS]

Dhegiha: hi-the (hi-thé) - to have gone, to have departed, to cause to reach there, to send thither [FL-Osage]; hi-the (híðe) - send there, literally, cause to arrive there [CQ-Osage]; hi-ye (hiyé), i-ye (iyé) - to have gone to a particular place, to have set as the sun, to have gone (somewhere), send [Kaw]

 

► i-de (idé) - departed [JOD]

► ex: o-xda-ti siⁿ-te saⁿ-haⁿ i-da-da i-de (oxdátti sį́tte są́hą idáda idé) - he (rabbit) departed, his whitish tail being seen/showing off and on in the brush [JOD]

► ex: ti tʰe ki-k’i a-taⁿ i-de (ttí tʰe kikʔí áttą idé) - he gave his own lodge to him and departed [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o to-wa ti-kde ha-ki i-da-we, i-he (waxʔó tówa ttíkde hakí idáwe, ihé) - where have the four women that live together gone too, I say [JOD]

► ex: wa-x’o to-wa ti-kde ha-ki i-da-we, i-ke (waxʔó tówa ttíkde hakí idáwe, iké) - where have the four women that live together gone too, he asked her [JOD]

► ex: ha-ki i-da-we i-pa-haⁿ-zhi miⁿ-kʰe, i-yi (hakí idáwe íppahąží mįkʰé, iyí) - I don’t know where they have gone, she said [JOD]

 

gone there for it

► a-ki-hi (akihí) - he went thither for it [JOD] ► a-ki-pʰi (akípʰi) - I

► cf. hi (hi) - arrive, reach there, have been; a-ki-de (akíde) - go for something, not one’s own; fetch; a-ki-kdi (ákikdí) - bring back, brought back [JOD]; a-ki-tʰi (akítʰi) - to have arrived here to get someone’s

► ex: a-ki-pʰi (akípʰi) - I reached there, having gone for it [JOD]

► ex: a-ki-niⁿ kda-i taⁿ, a-ki-de aⁿ-ka-zhiⁿ naⁿ, a-ki-pʰi, a-ki-bniⁿ a-kdi (ákinį́ kdái tą, akíde ą́kažį ną, akípʰi, ákibnį akdí) - they took it from him, he told me to go get it, I went there for it, I brought it back to him [JOD]

► ex: ni a-ki-hi (ní akihí) - he went there for water [JOD]

► Dhegiha: a-gi-hi (a-gí-hi) - he has been after something [FL-Osage]; a-gu-hi (águ hi) - arrive there to get something that is not one’s own [Kaw]

 

gone, to have gone from one’s own

► ki-hi-de (kíhide) - to have gone from one’s own

► cf. hi-de (hidé) - go, to have gone somewhere; a-ki-niⁿ hi-de (ákinį hidé) - to have taken someone’s property

 

good

► ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good ► aⁿ-ho-taⁿ (ąhóttą) - I’m, di-ho-taⁿ (dihóttą) - you’re

► ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good [MS, OM]

► ho-toⁿ (hóttǫ) - good [AG]

► ho-toⁿ (hŭckton) - good (bon) [GI]

► ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good [JOD]

► ex: ni ho-taⁿ (ni hóttą) - good water [MS]

► ex: iⁿ-da ho-taⁿ hi (įdá hóttą hi) - very good mother [MS]

► ex: wa-zho-kte hotaiⁿ aⁿ-ka-niⁿ-ke (wažokte hóttą hi ąkanį́ įké) - we got some good leaders here [MS]

► ex: o-zha wa-zho-kte hotaiⁿ aⁿ-ka-niⁿ-ke (óža wažokte hóttą hi ąkanį́ įké) - we have good leaders [MS]

► ex: ke-ha-na-xa-da ho-taⁿ aⁿ-ka-niⁿ-ke (kehá anaɣáda hóttą ąkanį́ įké) - we have some good shell shakers [MS]

► ex: we-ta-sta-de ho-taⁿ hi (wétástáde hóttą hi) - good iron [MS]

► ex: shaⁿ-i-te xwiⁿ niⁿ-kʰe pa-a-shpe naⁿ oⁿ-bde naⁿ ho-taⁿ te (šą́įtte xwį́ nįkʰé páašpe ną ǫbdé ną hóttą tte) - well, when I cut out the bad/offensive smelling part and I throw it away, then it will be good [JOD]

► ex: shaⁿ-i-te xwiⁿ niⁿ-kʰe pa-shpe naⁿ oⁿ-de naⁿ ho-taⁿ te, i-yi (šą́įtte xwį nįkʰe pášpe ną ǫde ną hóttą tte, iyí) - well, when the bad/offensive smelling part is cut out and thrown away, then it will be good, he said [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-zhaⁿ-ke e-zhi pa, “wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ hi aⁿki-niⁿ kdi ni-he,” i-ye pa (kóišǫ́ttą ežą́ke éži pá, “wahį́ska hóttą hi ą́kinį kdí-nihé,” iyé pa) - then his step-daughters said, “bring back some really good calico cloth” [JOD]

► ex: wa-hiⁿ-ska ta-taⁿ hi-te ho-taⁿ iⁿ a-wi-ki-bni a-kdi te a (wahį́ska táttą hitté hóttą į́ áwikíbnį akdí tte á) - I will bring you (his own daughter) back some kind of really good calico cloth [JOD]

► ex: she-mi e-zhi ke hi taⁿ wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ kʰe za-ni di-za-i taⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke taⁿ e-naⁿ kaⁿ-tʰaⁿ (šémi éži ke hí tą wahį́ska hóttą kʰe zaní dizá-i tą wahą́nįké tą eną́ ką-tʰą) - when the other girls arrived, they took all the good calico, the orphan just stood there [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ kaⁿ-iⁿ kda-i taⁿ ta-taⁿ ho-taⁿ hi zhaⁿ-pi-zhi o-zhi taⁿ ki-k’i (kóišǫ́ttą ką́į kdá-i tą táttą hottą́ hi žąppíži oží tą kikʔí) - so then when they (the other girls) went back, he gave his own (his daughter) a wooden box filled with something very good [JOD]

► ex: ho ho-toⁿ (ho hóttǫ), hoⁿ ho-taⁿ  (hǫ hóttą) - good night [OM]

► ex: a-zhaⁿ de-kʰe ho-taⁿ (ážą dékʰe hóttą) - this bedstead is good

► ex: ho-taⁿ i (hóttą i) - pretty [MS]

► ex: mi zhiⁿ-ka ho-toⁿ (mih-jinka-hutton) - a pretty girl (fille une jolie) [GI]

► ex: mi zhi-ke ho-taⁿ (mižiká hóttą) - girl-good [JOD]

► ex: she-mi ho-taⁿ hi (šémi hóttą hi) - pretty girl [MS]

► ex: haⁿ-pa ho-taⁿ (hą́pa hóttą) - pretty day [MS]

► ex: haⁿ-pa ho-taiⁿ a-shi-ti (hą́pa hóttąį ášitti) - it’s a pretty day outside [MS]

► ex: a-tʰi miⁿ-khe aⁿ-da-kni hoⁿ-ba-de, de-ho-taⁿ xti, ho-taⁿ miⁿ-kʰe (atʰí mįkhé ą́dakni hǫ́bade, dehóttą xti, hóttą mįkʰé) - today was a nice day, and I am glad to be here [MR]

► ex: wi-e ho-taⁿ (wíe hóttą) - I am happy, would expect aⁿ-ho-taⁿ (ąhóttą) [MW]

► ex: jhi-e ho-taⁿ (ǰíe hóttą) - are you happy, would expect di-ho-taⁿ (dihóttą) [MW]

► Dhegiha: u-daⁿ (údaⁿ) - good, to be good [Omaha/Ponca]; u-doⁿ (údoⁿ) - good, better, nice [Omaha]; tha-gthiⁿ (thá-gthiⁿ) - good, peaceful and beautiful, fine, nice, pleasing in manner, exceedingly good, splendid  [FL-Osage]; tha-liⁿ (ðáalį), tha-ʰliⁿ (ðáaʰlį) - good, be good, feel good about something, be glad, thank you, fine, splendid, pretty, beautiful, handsome, well, finely, skillfully [CQ-Osage]; ya-li (yáli), ya-liⁿ (yáliⁿ), ya-le (yále) - to be good, as a good or well-behaved person, or good food [Kaw]; ya-le (yále) - good, pleasant, to be good [Kaw]

 

good health

► ha-t’e ni-ke (hátʔe niké) - healthy, to be in good health ► ha-t’e aⁿ-ni-ke (hátʔe ąníke) - I’m, ha-t’e di-ni-ke (hátʔe diníke) - you’re

► cf. ha-t’e (hátʔe) - to be sick, ill; ni-ke (niké) - to have none, be lacking; ha-t’e wa-shkoⁿ (hátʔe waškǫ́) - relapse

 

good, archaic word for good

► da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names, also used to express happiness, gladness, or to be pleased

► cf. ki-da-kni  (kidákni), ki-da-kniⁿ (kídaknį) - happy, pleased, to like; ki-da-kni-zhi (kídakníži) - unhappy, discontented; wa-da-kni (wadákni) - be happy, be pleased; wa-da-kni-zhi (wadákniži) - be unhappy, be displeased; i-shta we-de da-kniⁿ-zhi (ištá wéde daknį́ži) - be nearsighted

► Dhegiha: tha-gthiⁿ (¢á-g¢iⁿ) - good, this is the Ponka notation of the Osage tha-gthiⁿ (¢ak͓¢iⁿ) and the Kansas ya-liⁿ(yaliⁿ). Used primarily in Ponca names [Omaha/Ponca]; tha-gthiⁿ (thá-gthiⁿ) - good, fine, nice, pleasing in manner, exceedingly good, splendid, to be pleased [FL-Osage]; tha-liⁿ (ðáalį) - be good, feel good about something, be glad, thank you, fine, splendid, pretty, beautiful, handsome, good, well, finely, skillfully [CQ-Osage]; ya-li (yáli), ya-liⁿ (yáliⁿ), ya-le (yále) - to be good, as a good oe well-behaved person, or good food [Kaw]

 

► hoⁿ-pa da-kniⁿ (hŭⁿ́p͓a d^¢ák͓niⁿ) - masculine name [JOD]

► cf. haⁿ-ba (hą́ba), hoⁿ-ba (hǫ́ba), hoⁿ-pa (hǫ́pa), haⁿ-pa (hą́pa) - day, daytime; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: oⁿ-ba tha-gthiⁿ (óⁿbathagthiⁿ) - Nice Day, Fine Day, Omaha name [Omaha]; hoⁿ-ba tha-gthiⁿ (hóⁿ-ba tha-gthiⁿ) - Peaceful Days, male personal name, refers to the office of peacemaker [FL-Osage]; haⁿ-ba ya-li (háⁿba yáli) - Good Day, referring to the day when the ancestors of the people descended to this earth, male name [Kaw]

 

► mi da-kniⁿ (mi d^¢ak͓niⁿ) - female name, Good Sun [JOD]

► cf. mi (mi) - sun; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: mi tha-gthiⁿ (mí-tha-gthiⁿ) - Good Sun, female personal name [FL-Osage]

 

► wa-x’o da-kniⁿ (waq’ú d^¢ák͓niⁿ) - female name, Good Woman, Joe Lane’s wife, her mother was zha-wiⁿ (jawiⁿ́), Beaver Female, Mother Choteau [JOD, MS]

► cf. wa-k’o (waxʔó) - woman; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: wa-k’o ya-li (wak’o yáli) - Good or Pretty Woman, female name [Kaw]

 

► wa-zhiⁿ da-kniⁿ (wa-jiⁿ́ d^¢á-kt^çiⁿ) - Pretty Bird, Handsome Bird, masculine name of the Kwapa Bird gens; Pretty Bird. Son of ke-da to (ked^¢a tu) and grandson of mi x’aⁿ-sa (mi q’aⁿsa) [JOD]

► cf. wa-zhiⁿ-ka (wažį́ka), wa-zhiⁿ (wažį́) - bird; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: wa-zhiⁿ-ga tha-gthiⁿ (wa-zhiⁿ-ga tha-gthiⁿ) - Good Bird, male name [FL-Osage]; wa-zhiⁿ-ga ya-liⁿ (wazhíⁿga yáliⁿ) - Pretty Bird, male name [Kaw]

 

► a-hi da-kniⁿ (áhi d^¢ák͓niⁿ) - masculine name, Good Wings, 1/2 bro (now dead) of Geo R-was 35 or 40 when died, older than Geo R. [JOD]

► cf. a-hi (áhi) - wing; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: a-hiⁿ (ahiⁿ) - wing [Omaha]; a-hiu (á-hiu), a-hiⁿ (á-hiⁿ) - wings [FL-Osage]; a-hu (áahu) - wing [CQ-Osage]; a-hu (áhu) - wing or wings of a bird [Kaw]

 

► haⁿ-ka da-kniⁿ (Honkadagni) - masculine name, Treaty of St. Louis with the Quapaw (1818)

► haⁿ-ka da-kniⁿ (Hunkatugonee) - masculine name, Treaty with the Quapaw (1824)

► cf. haⁿ-ka (hą́ka) - ancestral/first; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: hoⁿ-ga-a-gthiⁿ (hóⁿ-ga-a-gthiⁿ), hoⁿ-ka tha-gthi (hunk a log ny) - Good-Eagle, male personal name, refers to the eagle that is good to the people [Osage]

 

► xi-da da-kni (khiddha dah ga ney) - Good Eagle [Quapaw Rolls]

► cf. xi-da (xidá) - eagle; da-kni (dákni), da-kniⁿ (dáknį) - archaic word for good, used primarily in Quapaw personal names

► Dhegiha: xi-tha (qithá) - eagle [Omaha/Ponca]; xi-tha (xithá) - eagle [Omaha]; xi-tha (xi-tha), xiu-tha (xiu-thá), xu-tha (xu-thá) - eagle, golden eagle, the golden eagle figures in the Osage rites as a symbol of courage, the black on the tips of it’s tail feathers represents fire and charcoal [FL-Osage]; xu-tha (xúða), xi-tha (xíða) - eagle [CQ-Osage]; xu-ya (xuyá) - the large white or golden eagle, in this class are four or five other birds [Kaw]

 

good, desirable

► o-xta (óxta) - good, desirable ► oⁿ-xta (ǫ́xta) - I’m, o-di-xta (ódixta) - you’re

► cf. o-xta-de (óxtade) - like, love; o-xta-xti (óxtaxti) - honor someone, treat with respect; xta-de (xtadé) - love; xta-ki-de (xtákkide) - love one’s own relative, kin

► Dhegiha: xta-the (qtáthe) - to love a person or thing, to like, to think well of [Omaha/Ponca]; xta-the (xtáthe) - like, adore [Omaha]; u-xta (ú-xta) - marvelous, pleasing, mysterious, lovable, to prize highly, to hold a thing precious or valuable [FL-Osage]; xta-the (xtá-the) - to love [FL-Osage]; o-xta (óxta) - precious, dear or beloved, valuable, marvelous, important, special, right, respectable [CQ-osage]; o-xta (óxta) - pleasing [Kaw]; o-xta-ye (óxtaye) - like someone [Kaw]; xta-ye (xtáye) - love, care for, have concern for, be good to [Kaw]

 

good, he’s no good

► wa-x’o ni-ke hi niⁿ-kʰe (waxʔó niké hi nįkʰé) - he’s no good, “he doesn’t have a wife/woman” [AG]

cf. wa-x’o (waxʔó) - woman; ni-ke (niké) - to have none, be lacking; hi (hi) - very; niⁿ-kʰe (nįkʰé) - 3sg continuative sitting

 

good, not bad

► shi-ka-zhi (šikáži) - good, not bad

► cf. shi-ke (šíke) - bad; zhi (ži) - not, negative, negation

► ex: ma-zhaⁿ shi-ka-zhi (mažą́ šikáži) - prewar times, before civil war, lit. “when the land was good”

 

good, smell good

► bdaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bdą hóttą), bnaⁿ ho-taⁿ (bną hóttą) - smell good ► bdaⁿ aⁿ-ho-taⁿ (bdą ą́hottą) - I, bdaⁿ di-ho-taⁿ (bdą dihóttą) - you, bdaⁿ wa-ho-taⁿ-we (bdą wáhottą́we) - we

► cf. bnaⁿ (bną), bdaⁿ (bdą) - smell, emit any odor; ho-taⁿ (hóttą) - good; bdaⁿ shi-ke (bdą šíke), bnaⁿ shi-ke (bną šíke) - smell bad; di-bdaⁿ (dibdą́), di-bnaⁿ (dibną́) - smell (hands); o-di-bnaⁿ (odíbną) - inhale something, smell something; xoⁿ-te o-di-bnaⁿ (xǫtté odibną) - smoke, to inhale cedar smoke, to use cedar [MS]; ta-bnaⁿ (tábną) - to smell of something burning; xdi bnaⁿ (xdí bną), xti bnaⁿ (xtí bną) - smell like decayed vegetables

► Dhegiha: bthoⁿ u-doⁿ (bthoⁿ udoⁿ) - good odor [Omaha]; bthaⁿ u-daⁿ (b¢áⁿ údaⁿ) - a good odor [Omaha/Ponca]; bthoⁿ tha-gthiⁿ (bthoⁿ-thá-gthiⁿ) - odor smell good, fragrance, pleasing odor [FL-Osage]; braⁿ tha-liⁿ (brą ðáalį) - it smells good [CQ-Osage]; blaⁿ ya-li (blaⁿ yali) - smell good, emit a good odor [Kaw]

 

goodness

► a-che-zha (aččéža) - goodness!

► a-che-zha (aččéža), e-che-zha (eččéža) - goodness! [AG, OM]

► ex: e-che-zha de-kʰe (eččéža dékʰe) - my goodness, this one! [AG]

► ex: e-che-zha, i-za-ni i-shpa-hoⁿ ni-kʰa-she (eččéža, ízaní íšpahǫ níkʰáše) - goodness, you all that understand [AG]

► Dhegiha: e-she (éeše) - golly, slang [CQ-Osage]; e-she (ecé) - you said [JOD-Omaha]; e-she-she (ecéce) - you say it often [Omaha]; e-she (e-she) - you say [FL-Osage]; e-she (éše) - you say [CQ-Osage]; e-she-she (ešéše) - you keep on saying [CQ-Osage]; e-she (eshé) - you say [Kaw]

 

goods, merchandise

► wa-taⁿ (wattą́) - goods, merchandise

► wa-taⁿ (wattą́) - goods [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke tʰaⁿ ni o-ha wa-taⁿ a-ki-de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ, koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ maⁿ-te wa-sh’a-ke hi o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ (kóišǫ́ttą šʔáke tʰą ni ohá wattą́ akíde tta tʰą ną, kóišǫ́ttą mątte wašʔáke hí óknį áttą de tta tʰą ną) - then the old man was about to go after goods along the creek/river, then he sat in his large/broad canoe and was about to go [JOD]

► ex: koi-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke niⁿ wa-taⁿ a-ki-de tʰe kdi (kóišǫ́ttą šʔáke nį wattą́ akíde tʰé kdí) - then the old man returned with the goods that he went after [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wa-ʰtoⁿ (wa-ṭóⁿ) - ware, goods, anything sold or exchanged at a store or trading place [FL-Osage]; wa-ʰtoⁿ u-zhi (wa-ṭóⁿ u-zhi) - a dry-goods store, a place to store goods, a warehouse [FL-Osage]; wa-toⁿ-zhu (watǫ́ǫžu) - store, trading house [CQ-Osage]; wa-toⁿ (watóⁿ) - property, goods [Kaw]

 

goods, to get goods on credit

► wa-di-ze di-ze (wadíze dizé) - to get goods on credit

► cf. wa-di-ze (wadíze) - credit, debt; di-ze (dizé) - get, take, receive; wa-di-ze a-ki-niⁿ (wadíze ákinį) - owe something to someone

► Dhegiha: wa-thu-ze (wa-thú-çe) - to seize, to default, or failure to catch up with one’s debts [FL-Osage]; wa-thu-ze a-thi ⁿ(wa-thú-çe a-thiⁿ) - indebted [FL-Osage]

 

goose, large white variety

► miⁿ-xa ska (mį́γa ska) - goose, large white variety

► cf. mi-xa (míγa), miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck; ska (ska) - white

► Dhegiha: miⁿ-xa ska (miⁿxáskă) - swan [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-xa ska (mí-xa çka) - white swan [FL-Osage]; mi-xa ska (míɣa ska) - swan, lit., “white duck” [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-gha ska (míⁿgha skà) - duck, the brant [Kaw]; miⁿ-gha ska taⁿ-ga (míⁿgha ska táⁿga) - swan (white) [Kaw]; miⁿ-gha ska zhiⁿ-ga (míⁿgha ska zhíⁿga), miⁿ-gha ska hiⁿ-ga (míⁿgha skàhiⁿga) - domestic goose, small white goose [Kaw]

 

goose, small black goose, Anser Gambelii

► ke-snaⁿ (kkesną́) - a small black goose, Anser Gambelii

► ke-snaⁿ (kĭes-non) - goose (oie) [GI]

► Dhegiha: ki-znoⁿ (kiznóⁿ) - waterfowl, goose [Omaha/Ponca]; ki-snuⁿ (kiçnuⁿ) - lesser snow goose [Omaha]

 

goose, wild or Canada

► miⁿ-xa taⁿ-ka (mį́γa ttą́ka) - goose, wild or Canada

► mi-xa taⁿ-ka (míγa ttą́ka)  - goose [MS]

► mi-xa taⁿ-ka (mi˙xáttąGa) - goose, “big duck” [FV]

► mi-hkʰa taⁿ-ka (mi˙hk'áttąGa) - goose, “big duck” [VG]

► cf. mi-xa (míγa), miⁿ-xa (mį́γa) - duck; taⁿ-ka (ttą́ka) - big, large

► Dhegiha: mi-xa toⁿ-ga (míxa toⁿga) - Canadian goose, geese [Omaha]; miⁿ-xa toⁿ-ga (míⁿxa toⁿga) - goose, wild goose, large goose [Omaha/Ponca]; mi-xa ʰtaⁿ-ka (míγa ʰtą́ka) - goose, big goose or big duck, lit., “big duck” [CQ-Osage]; miⁿ-gha taⁿ-ga (míⁿgha taⁿga) - Canadian goose [Kaw]

 

gooseberry

► pe-zi-ka (ppézika) - gooseberry

► cf. pe-zi-ka hi (ppézika hí) - gooseberry bush

► Dhegiha: pe-zi (peçi) - gooseberry [Omaha]; pe-zi-ga (pé-çi-ga) - gooseberries [FL-Osage]; pe-ze-ga (pézega) - gooseberry [Kaw]

 

gooseberry bush

► pe-zi-ka hi (ppézika hí) - gooseberry bush

► cf. pe-zi-ka (ppézika) - gooseberry

► Dhegiha: pe-zi (peçi) - gooseberry [Omaha]; pe-zi-ga (p̣é-çi-ga) - gooseberries [FL-Osage]; pe-ze-ga hu (pézega hú) - gooseberry bush [Kaw]

 

gopher

► ma-mi-ka (mamíkka) - gopher

► cf. ma-mi ti-o (mamí ttió) - mole

► Dhegiha: ma-niⁿ-ga (maníⁿga), maⁿ-thiⁿ-ga (maⁿ-¢iñ́-ga) - gopher [Omaha/Ponca]; moⁿ-thiⁿ-ga (moⁿthiⁿ ga) - gopher [Omaha]; moⁿ-thiⁿ-ga (moⁿ-thíⁿ-ga) - a gopher [FL-Osage]; ma-niⁿ-ga (maníⁿga) - gopher [Kaw]

 

Goshawk

► xnaⁿ-shka (xnąšká) - hawk, largest type. Goshawk, feeds on rabbits and squirrels

► Dhegiha: gthoⁿ-shka (gthoⁿshká) - a type of hawk that has greyish feathers with white stripes [Omaha/Ponca]; gthoⁿ-shka (gthoⁿshka) - red shouldered hawk [Omaha]

 

gourd

► pe-xe (ppéγe) - gourd [MS]

► pe-xe (péqe) - rattle [JOD]

► Dhegiha: pe-xe (pexe) - gourd, gourd rattle [Omaha]; ʰpe-xe (p̩é-xe) - gourd rattle [FL-Osage]; ʰpe-xe (ʰpéγe) - gourd, gourd rattle, used in peyote meeting [CQ-Osage]; pe-ghe (péghe) - gourd, a gourd rattle [Kaw]

 

► da-u-xe (dáuxe), da-u-x’e (dáuxʔe) - gourd

 

► wa-xte-xe (waxtéxe) - rattle made of a gourd

 

► ba-xa (ba xä) - practice rattle, from John Quapaw [MH]

 

► wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ o-ba-xo (wa nŭ ī obäxŭ) - medicine (mescal) (peyote) ceremonial rattle, from Dick Quapaw [MH]

► wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ o-ba-xo (wa nŭ ī obäxŭ) - rattle (woman’s) for mescal (peyote) medicine ceremony, from Mary Quapaw [MH]

► cf. wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ (waną́ʔį) - beads; wa-naⁿ-’iⁿ (waną́ʔį) - necklace, necktie, neckerchief, “something worn around the neck”; naⁿ-’iⁿ (nąʔį́) - wear around the neck

► Dhegiha: wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanóⁿp’iⁿ) - necklace, man'’ necklace; something worn around a man's neck [Omaha/Ponca]; wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanoⁿp’iⁿ) - choker, necklace, necktie [Omaha]; wa-noⁿ-ʰp’iⁿ (wa-noⁿ-p̣’iⁿ) - necklace, these were made of shells, nuts of trees, elk teeth, pendants were made of mussel shells also, this is also applied to the symbolic neck ornament, gorget [FL-Osage]; wa-noⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanǫ́pʔį) - necklace, gorget, choker, medallion, medal, something worn around the neck [CQ-Osage]; wa-naⁿ-p’iⁿ (wanáⁿp’iⁿ) - necklace [Kaw]

 

grain

► si (si) - seed, pit, grain, kernel

► cf. wa-tʰaⁿ-zi si (wátʰązí si) - grains of corn; kaⁿ-te si (kką́tte sí) - apple seed [MS]; pe-zhe xta si (ppéžexta si) - rice [OM]; pe-zhe xta si zhi-ka (ppéžextá si žíka) - rice [JOD]

► Dhegiha: si (si) - seed [Omaha/Ponca]; si wa-ni-de (çi wanide) - rice [Omaha]; si (çi), su (çu) - seed [FL-Osage]; u-su (u-çú) - grain [FL-Osage]; si-a-zhi (çi-á-zhi) - kernel of corn [FL-Osage]; su (súu) - seed, pit, kernel [CQ-Osage]; siⁿ (siⁿ) - wild rice [Kaw]; o-su (osú) - grain, a grain of something [Kaw]

 

► wa-tʰaⁿ-zi si (wátʰązí si) - grains of corn

► cf. wa-tʰaⁿ-ze (watʰą́ze), wa-tʰaⁿ-zi (watʰą́zi), wa-tʰo-zi (watʰózi) - corn; si (si) - seed, pit, grain, kernel; kaⁿ-te si (kką́tte sí) - apple seed [MS]; pe-zhe xta si (ppéžexta si) - rice [OM]; pe-zhe xta si zhi-ka (ppéžextá si žíka) - rice [JOD]

► Dhegiha: si (si) - seed [Omaha/Ponca]; si wa-ni-de (çi wanide) - rice [Omaha]; si (çi), su (çu) - seed [FL-Osage]; u-su (u-çú) - grain [FL-Osage]; si-a-zhi (çi-á-zhi) - kernel of corn [FL-Osage]; su (súu) - seed, pit, kernel [CQ-Osage]; siⁿ (siⁿ) - wild rice [Kaw]; o-su (osú) - grain, a grain of something [Kaw]

 

grandchild

► i-to-shpa (ittóšpa), e-to-shpa (eTóšpa) - grandchild, his or her grandchild ► wi-to-shpa (wittóšpa) - my, di-to-shpa (dittóšpa) - your

► Dhegiha: i-tu-shpa (itúshpa) - grandchildren [Omaha]; i-ʰtsu-shpa (i-ṭsú-shpa) - his or her grandchild [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtso-shpa (iʰcóšpa) - his/her grandchild [CQ-Osage]; i-tso-shpa (icóshpa), i-to-shpa (itóshpa) - grandchild, both genders, note that no distinction is made between granddaughter or grandson, his/her grandchild [Kaw]

 

► wi-to-shpa (wittóšpa) - my grandchild

► ex: hoⁿ, wi-to-shpa, shoⁿ iⁿ i-yi i-ya wa-x’o zhi-ka tʰaⁿ (hǫ́, wíttošpá, šǫ į iyí iyá waxʔóžiká tʰą) - “yes, my grandchild, that will do,” the old woman replied  [JOD]

► ex: wi-to-shpa (wittóšpa) - my grandchild [MS]

► ex: wi-to-shpa she-mi (wittóšpa šémi) - my granddaughter [MS, OM]

► ex: wi-to-shpa she-to (wittóšpa šétto) - my grandson [OM]

► Dhegiha: wi-tu-shpa (witúcpa) - my grandchild [JOD-Omaha]; wi-tsu-shpa (wi-tsú-shpa) - my grandchild [FL-Osage]; wi-ʰtso-shpa (wiʰcóšpa) - my grandchild [CQ-Osage]; wi-tso-shpa (wicóshpa) - my grandchild [Kaw]

 

► di-to-shpa (dittóšpa) - your grandchild

► Dhegiha: thi-tu-shpa (¢itúcpa) - your grandchild [JOD-Omaha]; thi-ʰtsu-shpa (thi-ṭsú-shpa) - your grandchild [FL-Osage]; thi-ʰtso-shpa (ðiʰcóšpa) - your grandchild [CQ-Osage]; yi-tso-shpa (yicóshpa) - your grandchild [Kaw]

 

► i-to-shpa-de (ittóšpade) - to have as a grandchild ► i-to-shpa-a-de (ittóšpaade) - I, i-to-shpa-da-de (ittóšpadade) - you

► Dhegiha: i-tso-shpa-ye (icóshpaye) - to have as a grandchild, call someone i-tso-shpa (icóshpa) [Kaw]

 

granddaughter, my grandaughter

► wi-to-shpa she-mi (wittóšpa šémi) - my granddaughter [MS, OM]

► cf. wi-to-shpa (wittóšpa) - my grandchild; she-mi (šémi) - girl; wi-to-shpa she-to (wittóšpa šétto) - my grandson [OM]

► Dhegiha: wi-tu-shpa (witúcpa) - my grandchild [JOD-Omaha]; wi-tsu-shpa (wi-tsú-shpa) - my grandchild [FL-Osage]; wi-ʰtso-shpa (wiʰcóšpa) - my grandchild [CQ-Osage]; wi-tso-shpa (wicóshpa) - my grandchild [Kaw]

 

grandfather

► i-ti-kaⁿ (ittíką), e-ti-kaⁿ (eTíką) - grandfather, his or her grandfather ► wi-ti-kaⁿ (wittíką) - my, di-ti-kaⁿ (dittíką) - your

► Dhegiha: i-ti-goⁿ (itigoⁿ) - his grandfather [JOD-Omaha]; i-ʰtsi-go (i-ṭsí-go) - grandfather, the term ʰtsi-go (ṭsi-go) is applied to a father’s father, to his father, to a mother’s father, to his brother, to a father-in-law, and to a wife’s maternal uncle, it is also used as a term of reverence for God and for natural objects, such as the sun, the morning star, the dipper, Orion's belt, the pole star, and living objects whose mysterious habits inspire in the Osage mind a feeling of reverence for the Creator [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtsi-ko (iʰcíko) - his/her grandfather, his/her father-in-law [CQ-Osage]; i-tsi-go (icígo) - his or her grandfather, grandfather's father; great grandfather [Kaw]

 

► wi-tʰi-koⁿ (witʰíkǫ) - my grandfather [MS, MR, AG, OM]

► wi-ti-kaⁿ (wittíką) - my grandfather

► wi-ti-koⁿ (uittikon) - my grandfather (grandpere) [GI]

► ex: aⁿ-da-kni wi-tʰi-koⁿ (ą́dakni witʰíkǫ) - I'm glad it’s (my) grandpa [MS]

► ex: o-do-tʰe aⁿ-di-xe niⁿ e-de, wi-ti-kaⁿ, i-ke (ódotʰe ądíxe nį edé, wittiką́, iké) - my grandfather, the man eater is chasing me, she said to him [JOD]

► ex: wi-ti-kaⁿ na-xnaⁿ ki-knaⁿ, i-ke (wittiką naxną́ kíkną́, iké) - my grandfather hide me (your relation), she said to him [JOD]

► ex: na-xnaⁿ da-ki-knaⁿ koⁿ-bda wi-ti-kaⁿ, i-ke (naxną́ dakikną kkǫbdá wittiką́, iké) - my grandfather, I want you to hide me (your relation), she said to him [JOD]

► ex: wi-ti-kaⁿ, wa-x’o miⁿ de-do i-hi naⁿ i-da-de hoⁿ-zhi ae, i-ke (wittiką́, waxʔó mį dédo íhi ną ídade hǫži ae, iké) - my grandfather, did you not see a woman that arrived here?, he said to him [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wi-ti-goⁿ (witígoⁿ) - my grandfather [Omaha]; wi-ʰtsi-go (wi-ṭsí-go), wi-ʰtsi-go-e (wi-ṭsi-gó-e) - my grandfather [FL-Osage]; wi-ʰtsi-ko (wiʰcíko) - my grandfather, my father-in-law [CQ-Osage]; wi-tsi-go (wicígo) - my grandfather, my great grandfather’s father, my great grandfather, my father’s father’s brother, my mother’s mother’s brother, my father’s father’s, father’s brother, my mother’s mother’s mother’s brother, my husband’s father, my husband’s grandfather [Kaw]

 

► di-ti-kaⁿ (dittíką) - your grandfather

► Dhegiha: thi-ti-gaⁿ (thitígaⁿ) - your grandfather [JOD-Omaha]; thi-ʰtsi-go (thi-ṭsí-go) - your grandfather [FL-Osage]; thi-ʰtsi-ko (ðiʰcíko) - your granfather, paternal or maternal, your grandparents, your father-in-law, used by anyone speaking to a man or woman about the father of his/her spouse [CQ-Osage]; yi-tsi-go (yicígo) - your grandfather [Kaw]

 

► i-ti-kaⁿ-de (ittíkąde) - to have as a grandfather ► i-ti-kaⁿ-de-a-de (ittíkądeade) - I, i-ti-kaⁿ-de-da-de (ittíkądedade) - you

► Dhegiha: i-tsi-go-ye (icígoye) - to have for a grandfather, to call someone i-tsi-go (icígo) [Kaw]

 

grandfather, they have him as a grandfather, the President of the United States

► i-ti-kaⁿ-da-we (ittíkądáwe) - President [MS]

► i-ti-kaⁿ-da-we (ittíkądáwe) - President of the U.S., lit. “they have him as a grandfather”

► cf. i-ti-kaⁿ-de (ittíkąde) - to have as a grandfather; a-we (-awe), we (-we) - pluralizer for verbs and noun phrases

► Dhegiha: i-ti-gaⁿ-tha-i (iʇígaⁿ¢aí) - grandfather, president [JOD-Omaha]; ʰtsi-go a-bi wa-ʰtoⁿ-ga (ṭsí-go a-bi wa-ṭoⁿ-ga) - grandfather to all, this is the Osage term for President of the United States [FL-Osage]; i-ʰtsi-ko-a-pi (iʰcíkoapí) - President of the United States, lit., “grandfather of all” [CQ-Osage]; i-tsi-go-ya-be (icígoyábe) - Washington, the President, wi-tsi-go-ya-be (wicígoyábe) -  possessive form, lit., “we have him as our grandfather” [Kaw]

 

grandmother

► i-kaⁿ (ikką́), e-kaⁿ (eką́) - his or her grandmother, mother-in-law ► iⁿ-kaⁿ (įkką́) - my, di-kaⁿ (dikką́) - your

► ex: ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-kaⁿ naⁿ-pa ti-kde ni-kʰa naⁿ i-ya (maštį́ke eką́ ną́pa ttikdé nikʰa ną iyá) - rabbit and his grandmother, the both of them lived together, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: wa-sa ti-kde ke ta e-ti te na-ha i-ke i-ya e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe (wasá ttikdé ke tta étti tté nahá iké iyá eką́ nįkʰe) - do not go to the village of the black bears, his grandmother said to him, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: e-ti te na-ha i-yi i-ya e-kaⁿ-ki-dai (étti tté nahá iyí iyá eką́kídai) - “you do not go there,” said his grandmother, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe-ti ti-aⁿ-hi kʰi-zhi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-shoⁿ e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe o-ki-te de koⁿ-da i-ya (eką́ nįkʰe-tti ttią́hi kʰi-ži iyá maštį́ke, ešǫ́ eką́ nįkʰe okítte dé kǫdá iyá) - the rabbit had not returned to his grandmother for a long time, it is said (they say), then his grandmother wanted to go look for him, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: e-kaⁿ a-kda de (eką́ akdá dé) - he went after (his own) his grandmother [JOD]

► Dhegiha: i-koⁿ (ikóⁿ) - grandmother, mother-in-law, someone’s grandmother or mother-in-law, his or her grandmother or mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; i-kaⁿ (iką́) - his grandmother [JOD-Omaha]; i-ʰko (i-ḳó) - grandmother [FL-Osage]; i-ʰko (iiʰkó) - my/his/her grandmother, father’s mother or mother’s mother [CQ-Osage]; i-ko (ikó), i-koⁿ (ikóⁿ) - his or her grandmother [Kaw]

 

► iⁿ-kaⁿ (įkką́) - my grandmother

► iⁿ-koⁿ (įkkǫ́) - my grandmother [MS, MR, OM]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ di-te-ke wa-sa niⁿ-kʰe ta e-ti da i-ye naⁿ aⁿ-naⁿ-ho-sa naⁿ (įkką́ dítteke wasá niⁿkʰe tta étti dá iyé ną ąną́hosá naⁿ) - my grandmother scolded me and said, “go to the black bear, your uncle” [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ-e wa-sa ka-hi-ke t’e-a-de i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (įkką́-e wasá kahíke tʔeáde iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - my grandmother, I have killed the black bear chief, said the rabbit, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ-e t’e-a-de e-de (įkká-e tʔeáde edé) - O grandmother, I have really killed him! [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ-e she iⁿ i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (įkką́-e šé į iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - “there he is, grandmother,” said the rabbit [JOD]

► ex: iⁿ-kaⁿ-e wa-sa ka-hi-ke t’e-a-de i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ (įkką́-e wasá kahíke tʔeáde iyí iyá maštį́ke tʰą) - my grandmother, I have killed the black bear chief, said the rabbit, it is said (they say) [JOD]

► ex: “a-wi-kda a-tʰi iⁿ-kaⁿ,” i-ke (awíkda atʰí įkką́, iké) - he said to her, “I have come for you (my own), grandmother” [JOD]

► Dhegiha: wi-kaⁿ (wík͓aⁿ) - my grandmother, mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; wi-kaⁿ (wiką́) - my grandmother [JOD-Omaha]; i-ʰko-e (í-ḳo-e) - my grandmother, used when addressing her [FL-Osage]; i-ʰko (iiʰkó) - my/his/her grandmother, father’s mother or mother’s mother [CQ-Osage]

i-koⁿ (ikoⁿ), wi-koⁿ (wikóⁿ) - my grandmother, grandmother’s mother, great grandmother [Kaw]; i-koⁿ-e (íkoⁿ-e) - Oh Grandmother! [Kaw]; wi-ko e (wíko é) - my grandmother (male speaking) [Kaw]; wi-ko a (wíko á) - my grandmother (female speaking) [Kaw]

 

► di-kaⁿ (dikką́) - your grandmother

► Dhegiha: thi-kaⁿ (¢ík͓aⁿ) - your grandmother, mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; thi-kaⁿ (thiką́) - your grandmother [JOD-Omaha]; thi-ʰko (thi-ḳó) - your grandmother [FL-Osage]; thi-ʰko (ðiiʰkó) - your grandmother, paternal or maternal, your mother-in-law used only when speaking to a woman [CQ-Osage]

 

► i-kaⁿ-de (ikką́de), e-kaⁿ-de (eką́de) - to have as a grandmother ► i-kaⁿ-a-de (ikką́ade) - I, i-kaⁿ-da-de (ikką́dade) - you

► Dhegiha: i-kóⁿ-the (i-k͓aⁿ́-¢ĕ) - to have one for a grandmother or mother-in-law [Omaha/Ponca]; i-koⁿ-ye (ikóⁿye) - to have as a grandmother [Kaw]

 

grandson, my grandson

► wi-to-shpa she-to (wittóšpa šétto) - my grandson [OM]

► cf. wi-to-shpa (wittóšpa) - my grandchild; she-to (šétto) - boy; wi-to-shpa she-mi (wittóšpa šémi) - my granddaughter [MS, OM]

► Dhegiha: wi-tu-shpa (witúcpa) - my grandchild [JOD-Omaha]; wi-tsu-shpa (wi-tsú-shpa) - my grandchild [FL-Osage]; wi-ʰtso-shpa (wiʰcóšpa) - my grandchild [CQ-Osage]; wi-tso-shpa (wicóshpa) - my grandchild [Kaw]

 

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