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Year |
Data |
Villages |
Rolls |
Misc. |
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Quapaw lived by Atlantic Ocean
with Osage, Kanza (Kaw), Ponka (Ponca), Omaha |
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Quapaws AKA: Ug’ akh pa;
Downstream People; Those broken off the main stem; Lost Tribe; Pushed
off the Hill people |
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1500 |
Entire Dakota Souix Nation on Ohio
and Wabash rivers. |
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1541 |
DeSoto
made contact with Quapaws then no more contact with whites until 1673
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1650 |
Chief Pa he kah led tribe to Ark. |
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1660 |
Quapaws south of lower Ohio River
exchange
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1673 |
Encountered by French 5 villages |
(1) Tourima north of Ark
river and near rivers mouth (2) Osotory north of Ark river and 16
miles to west (3) Tongigua on east bank of Miss River 11 miles
north of Ark River (4) Kappa was on Miss west side 10 miles north
of tongigua (5) at that time 5th village listed as Imaha or Southois |
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1699 |
Small pox ravaged Quapaws – only
300 warriors left |
3 villages: (1) Kappa and Tongigua merged
and named New Kappa situated south of old Kappa location on west
bank of Miss (2) Osotoy (3) Tourima |
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1700 |
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Tourima joined New Kappa |
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1730 |
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(1)Ouzovtovoir/Osotouy;
(2)Tovarimon/Tourima & Tonquinga consoldated; (3) Ovgqappa/Kappa |
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1730 |
French officials encouraged a Great chief so as they only
had one Chief to deal with. The French picked the Chief. |
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1800 |
New Kappa separated into 2 smaller towns and Osotoy;
moved to south bank of Ark river-Wah pah te sah principal Chief |
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Tall Chief's ancester |
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1807 |
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3 villages per Neiberg: (1) village south bank of
Ark-lower one-9 miles above Ark Post (57 men, 71 women, 32 children
Wah pah te sah Principal Chief; (2) 3 miles from above Chief Etah
sah; 60men 73 women 33 children (3) 4 miles above #2 (78 men 110
women 41 children) Chief Wah-to-nee-kah |
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1811 |
Earthquake at New Madrid |
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1818 |
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3 villages near Pine Bluff Arkansas |
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1824 |
Ceded land- Started movement to Red River |
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1826 |
Removal to Red River |
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1830 |
Quapaws back to Arkansas |
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1833 |
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4 Principal Chiefs and 4 villages: (1) Lost Band-Tongigua-Tonquinqa-Tonginga
under Chief Ka he kah tteda (2) Quapaw-Cappa-Ovappa-Kappa under
Chief Hac kah ton (3) German-Toriman-Tovarimon-Tourima under
Chief Sarassan (4) Osotowa-Otsochove-Osotone-Ouzovtovoir under
chief Tonnonjinka |
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1834 |
Moved to Indian Territory-just west of MO line. 96,000
acres near Lost Creek; western border was Neosho; north to Cherokee
neutral lands and east to Mo and south to Lovelys |
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1837 |
Those Quapaws left on Red River joined Chief Bowles Band
of Cherokees in Texas-then in 1840 those Quapaws established a village
near Holdenville, Ok and lived there for next 20 years-meeting with the
other groups for annuity payments & green corn |
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1837 |
Ki He Cah Ted da or Lame Chief moves his group to the
Neosho River in Kansas Territory. Osages are in four villages and the
Quapaws are located at Huchach-pa Tanwha Town on Neosho River.
Tixier wrote: a fifth village on the Neosho, whose chief is named
Ouachinka Lagri (Handsome Bird), forms a small independent republic.
This politic chief, clever and enterprising, never mingles with the rest
of the (Osage) Nation. He enjoys great authority over the tribe. The
name Handsome Bird is poorly chosen for besides being ugly, this chief
is lame; Lame Chief. Lame Chief and his group are located there
until they move with the Osages to Osage Nation Indian Territory in
around 1861. |
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1838 |
Discovered many had established homes on Seneca land.
Some moved back to Ark.; Choctaw country; NE Texas;and joined with Creek
Nation-called Creek Band of Quapaws on North Canadian river near Camp
Holmes. |
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Annuity rolls: 176 Quapaws signed
by Chiefs Hack a ton; Ke he kah te dah (Lame Chief); Te she tah wah
contah; and Wat te she (Joseph Lane) |
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1852 |
Epidemic of measles killed 40 |
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1854 |
Moved 5 miles upriver near Baxter springs on old military
road east bank of Spring River. |
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Those families that stayed around the Quapaw land and
moved upriver to Baxter Springs were Crawfish, Greenback, Medicine,
Hotel, Silk, Eddy, Vallieres, Lanes about 35 people total. |
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1861-1865 |
Canadian group still with Creeks; Chief War te she’s
group fled to join kin in LeRoy, Ks; some stayed with Shawnees at
Lawrence, KS; some at Osage Mission but most with Ottawas at Ottawa,
Kansas. Kihekahtedda’s group still up on Neosho River in KS.
Most of the men served in Union Army. 2 Quapaw chiefs held prisoner at
Ft. Gibson by confederates.
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1865 |
Neosho Agent Snow trying to move
Quapaws back to reservation-once again starving-could lose reservation
if not on it. 50 men in Army. Kansas group started back to IT led by Ki
he cah teda the great Chief in 1861.
Signed oath of allegiance to US signed by War te She; Ca ha She Kah; Wa
she hon ca (Tall Chief) |
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1868 |
Quapaws on reservation desolate
and starving. Ate yonkapins and roots of pond lily.
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1870 |
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3 bands: (1) Canadian Band-Lewis
Quapaw- 29 (2) George Lane band- 25 (3) Ka hic ka tedda band- 24 |
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1872 |
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Annuity payment-93 people listed-signed by Chiefs Kah hic
kah te dah (Lame Chief); George Lane; Lewis Quapaw (Cah She Kah)
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1877 |
TallChief –Great Chief- led 2/3rds of tribe representing
2 of the 3 villages to Osage country. 38 Quapaws stayed on
reservation-the Government appointed acting chiefs: John Hotel and
Charley Quapaw. |
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1880 |
1833 treaty said Quapaw’s title to reservation only good as long as they
shall exist as a nation or continue to reside thereon. 80% living on
Osage land with 49 living on Quapaw Reserve. Home band decided to expand
by adopting individuals who would come to live on the reservation. They
looked first in Ark. Quapaw/French ½ breed band: Abraham Dardenne, Rays,
Imbeaus, Hunts. Also homeless Indian groups: Seneca tribe; Young,
Crow, Miami tribe; Douthat, Gordon, Carden, Geboe; Pottawatomi: Sacto;
E. Shawnee: Bluejacket, Fish; Peoria: Dagnett, Hedges, Hunt,
Mohawk, Keno and NY Indians: James Newman, John Cartus, AW
Abrams, Wades, Charles, McKenzie, Tousey, Gokey and Pelkey. When flood
of adoptions ceased Quapaws had added 100 persons but majority of true
Quapaws still in Osage country. |
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1889 |
Osage band of Quapaws going home |
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1893-1896 |
Official final role. 215 Quapaws with 200 acres a piece
and additional 40 acres to 236 Quapaws. |
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1897 |
Lead discovered on Quapaw Reservation |
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1894-1927 |
St. Mary's of the Quapaws- Catholic School |
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SOURCES:
Mary Maude (Grandma) Supernaw
Brief History of the Quapaw Tribe of Indians by Vern E Thompson
The Quapaws by W. David Baird
Tar Creek by Larry G. Johnson
The Quapaw Indians by W. David Baird
OGAXPA by Quapaw Tribe
Paths of our Children by George Sabo
A Journal of Travels into the Arkansas Territory 1819 by Thomas Nuttall
Tixier’s Travels on the Osage Prairies by Albert J. Salvan
Quapaw Annuity Rolls
Quapaw Census Rolls
Quapaw Heirship Rolls
Quapaw Competency Papers
Quapaw BIA Interviews 1920
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