white man

 

wa-jhi-ni  ni-ka  (waǰíni níkka)

  

white people, white race - man

Speaker - Alice Crawfish Gilmore
   
  Speaker - Odestine McWatters

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wa-jhi-ni (waǰíni)

American; derived from, Virginia (RR-Quapaw)

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wa-tshi-ni (wâ-tci-ni)

Virginian, white man (JH-Quapaw)

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ni-ka (níkka)

man, as opposed to a woman (RR-Quapaw)

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Dhegiha Language Family Comparison

  • wa-jhi-ni (waǰíni) - American; derived from, Virginia (RR-Quapaw)
  • wa-tshi-ni (wâ-tci-ni) - Virginian, white man (JH-Quapaw)
  • wa-dsi-ne (wá-dsi-ni) - a disease, a malady (FL-Osage)
  • wa-tsʰi-ni (wácʰini), wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie) - probably from "Virginia" which may have been used to mean "white man". Perhaps venereal disease was later associated with wa-tsʰu (wacʰú) 'copulate' and thus may have substituted tsʰ (ch) for ts (c), giving the variants wa-tsʰi-ni (wácʰini) and wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie), Robert Rankin, personal communication. Additionally, wa-tsi-ni-e (wácinie) may contain or be influenced by ni-e (níe) 'hurt' (CQ-Osage)
  • wa-ji-ne (wáji ne) - disease, a malady (Kanza)

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  • ni-ka (níkka) - man, as opposed to a woman (RR-Quapaw)
  • nu (nu) - man, human male (Omaha/Ponca)
  • ni-ʰka (ní-ḳa) - man (FL-Osage)
  • ni-ʰka (níʰka) - man, person, husband (CQ-Osage)
  • ni-ka (níka) - man, human male, husband (Kanza)