ta (tta)

future tense; potential mode clitic (RR-Quapaw)

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taⁿ (tą)

because, as, when, if (RR-Quapaw)

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When you come.
da-tʰi  ta  (datʰí tta)	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
you arrive - when

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How come he (dog) doesn’t bark when you come around?
hoⁿ-niⁿ-taⁿ  o-ho  zhi  da-tʰi  ta  (hǫnį́ttą óho ži datʰí tta)	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
why - bark - not - you arrive - when

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When I'm gone, don't you come around my house.
hi-bde  ta,  ti  wi-ta  ti da-tʰi  koⁿ-bda  zhi	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
(hibdé tta, tti wítta tti datʰí kkǫbdá ži)
I have gone somewhere - when - house - my - to - you arrive - I want - not

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You white people go home and us Indians dance all night
(when the white people go home, I want just us Indians to dance).	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
wa-jhi-ni  kde  ta  zho-zhi-te  e-naⁿ  o-zha-wi  koⁿ-bda
(waǰíni kdé tta žožítte éną óžawi kkǫbdá)
white people - go home - when, future - Indians - only - dance - plural - I want

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I don’t want you to say, when I’m drinking around here.
kdaⁿ-ni-ke  ki-baⁿ,  i-she  koⁿ-bda  zhi,  kdaⁿ-ni-ke  ki-baⁿ  ta	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
(kdąníke kibą, išé kkǫbdá ži, kdąníke kibą ta)
drunk - hollering to one's own - you say - I want - not - drunk - hollering to one's own - when

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They're going to have another baby.
shi-noⁿ  i-ta-de  ta  niⁿ-khe  (šínǫ íttade tta nįkhé)	Speaker - Alice Crawfish Gilmore
again - give birth to a child - will be - he, she sitting doing that

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I want to go home (I will be going home).
wi-e  a-kde  ta  miⁿ-khe  (wíe akdé tta mįkhé)	Speaker - Alice Crawfish Gilmore
I - I go home - will be - I sitting, doing that

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I’m going home (I will be going home).
a-kde  ta  miⁿ-khe  (akdé tta mįkhé)	Speaker - Maude Supernaw
I go home - will be - I sitting, doing that

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I am going swimming
hi-da  ta  miⁿ-khe  (hidá  tta  mįkhé)	Speaker - Gilmore / McWatters
swim - will be - I sitting, doing that

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Dhegiha Language Family Comparison

• ta (tta) - future tense; potential mode clitic (RR-Quapaw)
• ta (ta) - will, shall, potential or future marker (Omaha/Ponca)
• ʰta (ṭa) - shall, he shall, you shall (FL-Osage)
• ʰta (ʰta) - future tense marker, will, be going to, could, so that it could/might be, what if, were it the case that, would be (CQ-Osage)
• ta (ta) - future potential or intentive aspect (Kanza)

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• taⁿ (tą) - because, as, when, if (RR-Quapaw)
• doⁿ (doⁿ) - during, at, when, of time when, season when (Omaha/Ponca)
• doⁿ (doⁿ) - because, when, did, were, a, such a place (FL-Osage)
• taⁿ (tą) - when, if, provided that, since, because (CQ-Osage)
• daⁿ (daⁿ), da (da) - and, when, so (Kanza)

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• te (tte) - future, potential or optative marker (RR-Quapaw)
• de (de) - when, while, during (Omaha/Ponca)