Baxter Springs, Kansas

ni-sni  toⁿ  (nísni ttǫ)       

water - cold - town

Speaker - Odestine McWatters

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ni-sni  toⁿ  ta  (nísni ttǫ ttá)  

water - cold - town - to, towards

   Speaker - Alice Crawfish Gilmore

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ni-sni  toⁿ  (nísni ttǫ)

Baxter Springs, Kansas (RR-Quapaw)

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Dhegiha Language Family Comparison

·         ni-sni (nisní, nísni) - spring, literally cold water (RR-Quapaw)

·         ni-sni (níçni) - cold water, well water (Omaha)

·         ni-sni (ni-çní) - a spring of cold water (FL-Osage)

·         ni-ʰni (ni-hní) - water cold, a spring or well (FL-Osage)

·         ni-ni (níini) - spring, well, sources of water (CQ-Osage)

·         ni-ʰniⁿ (nihníⁿ) - well or a pump (Kanza)

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·         ni (ni) - water, liquid, stream, lake (RR-Quapaw)

·         ni (ni) - water, liquid, river (Omaha/Ponca)

·         ni (ni) - water, river, rivulet, creek (FL-Osage)

·         ni (níi) - water, any fluid, liquid (CQ-Osage)

·         ni (ni) - water, river, liquid (Kanza)

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·         sni (sni) - cold, to be cold (RR-Quapaw)

·         zni (zni) - cool, cold (Omaha/Ponca)

·         u-zni (úçni) - cold (Omaha)

·         a-zni (açni) - cool, chilly (Omaha)

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·         toⁿ (ttǫ) - town, contraction of taⁿ-waⁿ (ttą́wą) (RR-Quapaw)

·         toⁿ-waⁿ (ttó̜wą), taⁿ-waⁿ (ttą́wą) - town, village (RR-Quapaw)

·         toⁿ-woⁿ (tóⁿwoⁿ) - cluster of lodges, camp, village, Indian town (Omaha/Ponca)

·         ʰtoⁿ-woⁿ (t̩oⁿ-woⁿ) - village, a town or a city (FL-Osage)

·         ʰtaⁿ-waⁿ (ʰtą́wą) - town (CQ-Osage)

·         taⁿ-maⁿ (táⁿmaⁿ) - town, camp, village (Kanza)