Kwapa Texts January 1894
The Woman who changed into a serpent
Told by Buffalo Calf

1)

A man went hunting accompanied by his wife, they say.

wa-x’o ni-ka zho-ki-kde ta-bde da-we i-ya-we

waxʔó nikká žókikde tábde dáwe iyáwe

woman/man/to be with one’s own/to hunt/to go+pluralizer = they go/to say+pluralizer = they say

2)

Well, then, the man had been hunting awhile, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka tʰaⁿ ta-bde

hao, kóišǫ́ttą níkka tʰą tábde

*/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/man/3^rd person singular standing; the standing/to hunt

* hao …. ‘yes, well, ho, thank you, how are you, agreed, sign of approval as the English “Hear! Hear!”, interjection of approval, marks a change of idea as the beginning of a new paragraph in writing, used in calling to a distant person, oral period, masculine imperative’

koⁿ-tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya-we

kǫ-tʰą́ ną iyáwe

as, since, so, like+3^rd person singular standing; the standing = he was standing so awhile/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/they say

3)

Then, he had come back a little after dark, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore

pa-ze de taⁿ

ppáze dé tą

evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = a little after dark/and, when, since, as

kdi koⁿ-tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya-we

kdí kǫ-tʰą́ ną iyáwe

to have come back here/as, since, so, like/3^rd person singular standing; the standing/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/they say

4)

Then, the woman found a chicken egg, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-x’o niⁿ-kʰe

kóišǫ́ttą waxʔó nįkʰé

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/woman/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

si-ka i-ta i-de tʰaⁿ i-ya-we

síkka ittá íde tʰą iyáwe

chicken/egg/to see, find, discover/3^rd person singular standing; the standing/they say

5)

She was planning on eating it, when he forbid her from doing so, they say.

da-tʰe di-kdaⁿ taⁿ i-ki-ho-shi i-ya-we

datʰé dikdą́ tą íkihoší iyáwe

to eat, chew/decide, try, make effort/and, when, since, as/to forbid or prohibit one’s own/they say

6)

After he had forbidden her from eating the egg, he went hunting again as he usually did, they say.

i-ki-ho-shi a-ti

íkihoší-átti

to forbid or prohibit one’s own+denoting place where, or time when, in the past = after he had forbidden her

shi-naⁿ naⁿ ta-bde de i-ya-we

šiną́-ną tábde dé iyáwe

again, and, also/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/to hunt/to go/they say

7)

Well, then, again, as he usually did, he returned a little after dark, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ

hao, kóišǫ́ttą

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore

e-ti

etti

aforementioned, that, he, she, it+at, by, in, to = there, then, said of time as well as place

pa-ze de taⁿ

ppaze de tą

evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = a little after dark/and, when, since, as

kdi i-ya-we shi-naⁿ-naⁿ

kdí iyáwe šiną́-ną

to have come back here/they say/again, and, also/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

8)

Then, the baby girl, who was old enough to know how to sit up, was sitting there crying, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ she-mi-zhi-ka

kóišǫ́ttą šémižíka

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/girl, not yet reached puberty+small, little, young = baby girl

kniⁿ pi-oⁿ

knį ppiǫ́

sit, be sitting; be in a place, camp, dwell/do well, expresses precocity, very well, do well at something precociously

xa-ke niⁿ-kʰe i-ya-we

γaké nįkʰé iyáwe

to cry, weep/*3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting/they say

* nįkʰé substituted for nįkí …. the same phrase is used in the following sentence with nįkʰé

9)

Then, the man said, “Let her nurse, she’s crying,” they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka tʰaⁿ,

kóišǫ́ttą níkka tʰą,

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/man/3^rd person singular standing; the standing

“ma-ze k’i, 

“mazé kʔí,

breast/to give something to someone = to suckle, to nurse

xa-ke niⁿ-kʰe,” i-ye i-ya-we

γaké nįkʰé,” iyé iyáwe

to cry, weep/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting/to say/they say

10)

Then, the woman who was lying there, only said, “Well, but then ….,”

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “e-te e-hi,”

kóišǫ́ttą, “étte éhi,”

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/*well, but then

* JOD’s notes étte éhi …. ‘implies that she was afraid to say what had happened to her, or what hindered her’

i-ye naⁿ-hi wa-x’o kʰe

iyé nąhí waxʔó kʰe

to say/only, just, alone/very, intensifier/woman/the singular lying object

11)

Then, again, when the baby girl cried, the man said, “I said, let her nurse,”

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shi-naⁿ xa-ke taⁿ,

kóišǫ́ttą šiną́ γaké tą,

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/again, and, also/to cry, weep/and, when, since, as

“ma-ze k’i, i-he,” i-ya ni-ka tʰaⁿ,

“mazé kʔí, ihé,” iyá nikká tʰą,

to suckle, to nurse/I say/it is said/man/3^rd person singular standing; the standing

The woman who was lying there, only said, “Well, but then ….,” they say.

“e-te e-hi,” i-ye naⁿ-hi i-ya-we wa-x’o kʰe

“étte éhi,” iyé nąhí iyáwe waxʔó kʰe

well, but then/to say/only, just, alone/very, intensifier/they say/woman/the singular lying object

12)

He said, “What is the matter, why are you lying there?” she said, “Well, but then ….,” then he raised her blanket, they say.

“hoⁿ zhoⁿ-kʰe,” “e-te e-hi,” i-ye naⁿ

“hǫ žǫkʰé,” “étte éhi,” iyé ną

what, how, why, in what manner/2^nd person singular lying, reclining/well, but then/to say/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

maⁿ-iⁿ-taⁿ ki-di-a-ze i-ya-we.

mą́įttą kidiazé iyáwe.

*robe, blanket/to raise or open for another by pulling/they say

* mą́įttą substituted for mą́hįttą́

13)

When he raised her blanket, from there down, everything lying under the blanket had turned into a snake, they say.

ki-di-a-ze naⁿ,

kídiazé ną,

to raise or open for another by pulling/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

de-she-tʰaⁿ

dešetʰą́

this+a certain length, long enough, that far, so far = from this place, from this time, as far as this

ka-ki-de-de

kákidéde

in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction+sent away, causative of go, sudden or intentional action = going in that direction, going yonder, going down

wa-s’a o-do-hi kʰe i-ya-we

wésʔa odóhi kʰe iyáwe

snake/change into, turn into/the singular lying object/they say

14)

Then, when the man knew that she turned into a snake he took the baby girl, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-s’a o-do-hi kʰe

kóišǫ́ttą wésʔa odóhi kʰe

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/snake/change into, turn into/the singular lying object

i-ba-haⁿ naⁿ she-mi-zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe

íbahą ną šémižíka nįkʰé

to know/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/baby girl/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

di-ze i-ya-we ni-ka- tʰaⁿ

dizé iyáwe níkka tʰą

get, take, seize/they say/man/3^rd person singular standing; the standing

The baby girl was crying because she was afraid of her mother that had turned into a snake, they say.

e-hoⁿ kʰe wa-s’a o-do-hi kʰe taⁿ-ha

ehǫ́ kʰe wésʔa odóhi kʰe tą́ha

his, her, its mother/the singular lying object/snake/change into, turn into/the singular lying object/because

naⁿ-pe xa-ke niⁿ-kʰe i-ya-we

ną́ppe γaké nįkʰé iyáwe

to be afraid or scared, to fear, to fear the sight of something/cry, weep/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting/they say

15)

Well, then it became night, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ pa-ze de i-ya-we

hao, kóišǫ́ttą ppáze dé iyáwe

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = it became night/they say

16)

Well, the woman lying there in the darkness spoke, they say.

ha-o, haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze wa-x’o kʰe i-ye kʰe i-ya-we

hao, hą́nąppáze waxʔó kʰe íye kʰe iyáwe

well/dark, darkness, night/woman/the singular lying object/to say/the singular lying object/they say

17)

The woman told the man to throw the stick away, they say.

wa-x’o kʰe ni-ka tʰaⁿ

waxʔó kʰe níkka tʰaⁿ

woman/the singular lying object/man/3^rd person singular standing; the standing

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de

į́tʰį déde

with which to+strike, hit = stick, club/sent away, causative of go, sudden or intentional action = throw it off, throw it away

i-ke i-ya-we

iké iyáwe

to say to someone/they say

18)

Well, when he threw the stick, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water, they say.

ha-o, iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de naⁿ

hao, į́tʰį dedé ną

well/stick, club/throw it off, throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ti

nítti

water, liquid, stream, lake, river+at, by, in, to = in the water

tsho-ke hi niⁿ i-ya-we

tšoké hi nį iyáwe

it sounded tsho/very, intensifier/3^rd person singular moving; the singular moving/they say

19)

Then, she told him again, “Throw the stick away!” they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shi-naⁿ,

kóišǫ́ttą šiną́,

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/again, and, also

“iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-da” i-ke i-ya-we

“į́tʰį dedá” iké iyáwe

stick, club/throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to someone/they say

20)

Then, she told him, “Throw it there, in that direction!” they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “e-ti ka-ki

kóišǫ́ttą, “étti káki

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/there, then/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

de-da” i-ke i-ya-we

dedá” iké iyáwe

throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to someone/they say

21)

Then, again, when he threw the stick, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shi-naⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šiną́ į́tʰį

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/again, and, also/stick, club

de-de naⁿ ni-ti

dedé ną nítti

throw it off, throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/in the water

tsho-ke hi niⁿ i-ya-we

tšoké hi nį iyáwe

it sounded tsho/very, intensifier/3^rd person singular moving; the singular moving/they say

22)

Well, she told him, “Throw it in the water, in that direction again!” they say.

ha-o, “shi-naⁿ ni-ti ka-ki

hao, “šiną́ nítti káki

well/again, and, also/in the water/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-da” i-ke i-ya-we

į́tʰį dedá” iké iyáwe

stick, club/throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to someone/they say

23)

Well, he threw the stick there, in the water again, they say.

ha-o, shi-naⁿ e-ta

hao, šiną́ ettá

well/again, and, also/aforementioned, that, he, she, it/to, at, toward, in that direction = there, to, toward that place

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de i-ya-we

į́tʰį déde iyáwe

stick, club/throw it off, throw it away/they say

24)

Then, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ti tsho-ke niⁿ i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą nítti tšoké nį iyáwe

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in the water/it sounded tsho/3^rd person singular moving; the singular moving/they say

25)

Well, then, she told him, “Throw the stick there, towards sunrise, towards the east, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ,

hao, kóišǫ́ttą,

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore

“e-ti

“étti

aforementioned, that, he, she, it+at, by, in, to = there, then, said of time as well as place

mi o-ti-naⁿ-be-ta-de-de

mi óttinąbettadede

sun+visible, insight+come into view, come into the open, to appear, to show+towards, in the direction of = towards sunrise, east

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-da” i-ke i-ya-we

į́tʰį dedá” iké iyáwe

stick, club/throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to someone/they say

26)

Well, then, when he threw the stick, it made the sound a stick would make when thrown upon the ground, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-de naⁿ

hao, kóišǫ́ttą į́tʰį déde ną

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/stick, club/throw it off, throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ka-xo-wa-de i-naⁿ i-ya-we

kaxówade iną́ iyáwe

it made the pattering or rustling sound from hitting the ground/*/they say

* iną́ …. ‘sign of sudden effect; sentence final’ or hi ną́ …. ‘very, intensifier/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when’ as later in the story when this same phrase is used again

27)

And there was no water, the stick landed on dry ground, they say.

e-shoⁿ ni niⁿ-ke i-ya-we

éšǫ ni nįké iyáwe

then, at length, and/water, liquid, stream, lake, river/none, to have none, be lacking, be without/they say

28)

Then, she told him, “You’all head for home in that direction over there.” She said, both you and the baby girl should head for home in the direction where there is no water, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “ko-ha

kóišǫ́ttą, “kóha

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/there, yonder, over there+through, along a path, in a direction, by way of, from = in that direction over there

da-kde ta-i,”

dakdé ttai,”

you go home, you start homeward+future, will, shall+pluralizer = you’all will go home, you’all will start homeward

i-ke i-ya-we ni-ka she-mi-zhi-ka e-naⁿ-pa

iké iyáwe níkka šémižíka enąpá

to say to someone/they say/man/baby girl/aforementioned, that, he, she, it+two = both, also, too, that one too

29)

Then, her whole body turned into a snake, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ zho bdo-ka hi

kóišǫ́ttą žo bdóka hi

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/flesh, meat/whole, entire, all, circular, round/very, intensifier

we-s’a o-do-hi i-ya-we

wésʔa odóhi iyáwe

snake/change into, turn into/they say

30)

She turned into that spotted snake with a rattle, she turned into a rattlesnake, they say.

we-s’a-xti kde-zhe pe-xe toⁿ e-koⁿ o-do-hi i-ya-we

wésʔaxti kdežé ppéγe ttǫ ekǫ́ odóhi iyáwe

snake/very, real, fully = rattlesnake/spotted, speckled/gourd, rattle/to possess, to have/that sort, like, thus, like that, so/change into, turn into/they say

31)

Well, then, the man and baby girl headed for home, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka niⁿ-kʰe

hao, kóišǫ́ttą níkka nįkʰé

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/man/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

she-mi-zhi-ka e-naⁿ-pa kda-we i-ya-we

šémižíka enąpá kdáwe iyáwe

baby girl/both, also, too, that one too/to go home, to start homeward+pluralizer = they started homeward/they say

32)

Then, the snake woman went into the water, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ we-s’a wa-x’o ni-ti de i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą wésʔa wax’ó nítti dé iyáwe

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/snake/woman/in the water/to go/they say

33)

Well, then, the man and the baby girl headed for home, it is said (they say).

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka she-mi-zhi-ka e-naⁿ-pa

hao, kóišǫ́ttą níkka šémižíka enąpá

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/man/baby girl/both, also, too, that one too

kde pa i-ya-(we)

kde ppá iyá(we)

to go home, to start homeward+the plural, moving, animate objects; 3^rd person plural, they moving = they go home, they start homeward/it is said (they say)

34)

They camped when it became dark, it is said (they say).

pa-ze de taⁿ kniⁿ-wi i-ya-(we)

ppazé dé tą knį́wi iyá(we)

a little after dark/and, when, since, as/sit, be sitting; be in a place, camp, dwell+pluraizer = they camp/it is said (they say)

35)

Well, then, the next morning, they headed for home again, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-sa-ni-a-ti

hao, kóišǫ́ttą kásaniáti

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in the morning, on the next morning

shi-naⁿ kda-we i-ya-we

šíną kdáwe iyáwe

again, and, also/to go home, to start homeward+pluralizer = they started homeward/they say

36)

Then, again they camped when it became dark, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shi-naⁿ pa-ze de naⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šiną́ ppáze dé ną

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/again, and, also/a little after dark/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

shi-naⁿ kniⁿ-wi i-ya-we

šíną knį́wi iyáwe

again, and, also/sit, be sitting; be in a place, camp, dwell+pluralizer = they camp/they say

37)

They slept there, they say.

e-ti zhaⁿ-wi i-ya-we

ettí žą́wi iyáwe

there, then/sleep, lie, recline+pluralizer = they sleep/they say

38)

Well, then, the next morning, they headed for home again, they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-sa-ni-a-ti

hao, kóišǫ́ttą kásaniáti

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in the morning, on the next morning

shi-naⁿ kda-we i-ya-we

šíną kdáwe iyáwe

again, and, also/to go home, to start homeward+pluralizer = they started homeward/they say

39)

Well, it was nearly dark when they arrived to the village, they say.

ha-o, pa-ze de haⁿ-ke

hao, ppáze dé hąké

well/evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = became dark, after dark/nearly, almost

toⁿ niⁿ-kʰe-ti

ttǫ́ nįkʰétti

*/the singular, sitting+at, by, in, to = to the sitting object

* ttǫ …. ‘village, town’, a contraction of ttǫ́wą, ttą́wą

kʰi-wi i-ya-we

kʰíwi iyáwe

to arrive back at one’s own+pluralizer = they reached home/they say

40)

When he arrived home, he was asked, “What happened to your wife, did she die on you?” He said, “No” they say.

kʰi naⁿ,

kʰí ną,

to arrive back at one’s own/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

“hoⁿ wa-x’o di-ta di-t’e a-e,”

“hǫ wax’ó dítta ditʔé ae,”

what, how, why, in what manner/woman+your = your wife/dead to you/question sign

“hoⁿ-zhi,” i-ye i-ya-we

“hǫží,” iyé iyáwe

no/to say/they say

41)

He said, “While I had been hunting, she was planning on eating a chicken egg, I had forbidden her from doing so,

“ta-bde koⁿ a-tʰaⁿ-he si-ka i-ta

“tábde kǫ́ atʰą́he síkka ittá

to hunt/as, since, so, like/1^st person singular standing = while I stood/chicken/egg

da-tʰe di-kdaⁿ taⁿ i-da-ki-ho-shi,

datʰé dikdą́ tą idákihoší,

to eat/decide, try, make effort/and, when, since, as/I forbid or prohibit my own

42)

I went hunting again, and when I returned,

shi-naⁿ ta-bde bde a-kdi naⁿ,

šíną tábde bdé akdí ną,

again, and, also/to hunt/I go/I came back here/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

she had not listened to me at all,

aⁿ-naⁿ-x’oⁿ-zhi hi,

ą́nąxʔǫ́ži hí,

to hear me, to listen to me+not, negation = she had not listened to me/very, intensifier

she was eating it and the baby girl was crying,” they say.

da-tʰe niⁿ-kʰe taⁿ

datʰé nįkʰé tą

to eat+3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting = she sitting eating/and, when, since, as

she-mi-zhi-ka xa-ke niⁿ-kʰe,”

šémižíka γaké nįkʰé,”

baby girl+cry, weep+3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting = she sitting crying

i-yi i-ya-we

iyí iyáwe

to have said+they say = they say that he said

43)

Well, he said, “When I was saying, ‘She’s crying, let her nurse,’ she only said, ‘Well, but then ….’

ha-o, “‘xa-ke niⁿ-kʰe, ma-ze k’i,’

hao, “γaké nįkʰé, mazé kʔí,”

well/cry, weep/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting/to suckle, to nurse

i-he miⁿ-kʰe, ‘e-te e-hi,’ i-ye naⁿ-hi.

ihé mįkʰé tą, ‘étte éhi,’ iyé nąhí.

I say/1^st person singular sitting/and, when, since, as/well, but then/to say/only, just, alone/very, intensifier

44)

Well, ‘What is the matter, why are you lying there?’ she said, ‘Well, but then ….,’

ha-o, hoⁿ zhoⁿ-kʰe,

hao, hǫ žǫkʰé,

well/what, how, why, in what manner/2^nd person singular lying, reclining

e-te e-hi, i-ye naⁿ

étte éhi, iyé ną

well, but then/to say/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

when her blanket was raised, she had turned into a snake,” they say.

maⁿ-iⁿ-taⁿ ki-di-a-ze naⁿ

mą́įttą kídiazé ną

*robe, blanket/to raise or open for another by pulling/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

* mą́įttą substituted for mą́hįttą́

we-s’a o-do-hi kʰe i-yi i-ya-we

wésʔa odóhi kʰe iyí iyáwe

snake/change into, turn into/the singular lying object/to have said+they say = they say that he said

45)

Well, he said, “Then, there in the darkness,” they say.

ha-o, “ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti haⁿ-naⁿ-pa-ze,” i-yi i-ya-we

hao, “kóišǫ́ttą étti hą́nąppáze,” iyí iyáwe

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/there, then/dark, darkness, night/to have said/they say

46)

Then, he said, “She told me to throw the stick away, to throw it in that direction!” they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “iⁿ-tʰiⁿ ka-ki

kóišǫ́ttą, “į́tʰį káki

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/stick, club/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

de-da aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye,” i-yi i-ya-we

dedá ąną́kiye,” iyí iyáwe

throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to me = she said it to me/to have said/they say

47)

Well, he said, “Then, when I threw the stick, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-a-de naⁿ

hao, kóišǫ́ttą į́tʰį deáde ną

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/stick, club/I throw it off, I throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ti tsho-ke hi naⁿ.

nítti tšoké hi ną.

in the water/it sounded tsho/very, intensifier/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

48)

Then, she told me, ‘Throw the stick, there, in that direction!’

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, ‘ka-ki

kóišǫ́ttą, ‘káki

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

de-da iⁿ-tʰiⁿ,’ aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye.

dedá į́tʰį’ ąną́kiye.

throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/stick, club/to say to me

49)

When I threw the stick again, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water,” they say.

shi-naⁿ, iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-a-de naⁿ

šiną́, į́tʰį deáde ną

again, and, also/stick, club/I throw it off, I throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ti tsho-ke hi naⁿ.

nítti tšoké hi ną.

in the water/it sounded tsho/very, intensifier/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

50)

Well, she told me, ‘Throw the stick, there, in that direction again!’” they say.

ha-o, e-ti shi-naⁿ iⁿ-tʰiⁿ ka-ki

hao, étti šiną́ į́tʰį káki

well/there, then/again, and, also/stick, club/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

de-da aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye, i-yi i-ya-we

dedá, ąną́kiye, iyí iyáwe

throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to me/to have said/they say

51)

Well, he said, “When I threw the stick again, it made the sound ‘tsho’ when it landed in the water.

ha-o, shi-naⁿ, iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-a-de naⁿ

hao, šiną́, į́tʰį deáde ną

well/again, and, also/stick, club/I throw it off, I throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ti tsho-ke hi naⁿ.

nítti tšoké hi ną.

in the water/it sounded tsho/very, intensifier/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

52)

Well, she told me, ‘Throw the stick, there, towards sunrise, towards the east!’” they say.

ha-o, e-ti ka-ki

hao, étti káki

well/there, then/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

mi o-ti-naⁿ-be-ta-de-de

mi óttiną́bettadéde

sun+visible, insight+come into view, come into the open, to appear, to show+towards, in the direction of = towards sunrise, east

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-da aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye,

į́tʰį dedá ąną́kiye,’

stick, club/throw it off, throw it away+imperative, command = throw it!/to say to me

(i-yi) i-ya-we

(iyí) iyáwe

(to have said)/they say

53)

Well, he said, “Then, when I threw the stick, it made the sound a stick would make when thrown upon the ground” they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-ki

hao, kóišǫ́ttą káki

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in that place, down below, yonder, in that direction

iⁿ-tʰiⁿ de-a-de naⁿ

į́tʰį deáde ną

stick, club/I throw it off, I throw it away/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ka-xo-wa-de hi naⁿ,

kaxówade hi ną́,

it made the pattering or rustling sound from hitting the ground/very, intensifier/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

(i-yi) i-ya-(we)

(iyí) iyá(we)

it is said (they say that he said)

54)

Well, he said, “Then, she told me, “You’all head for home in that direction over there, in the direction where there is no water” they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, ko-ha

hao, kóišǫ́ttą, kóha

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/in that direction over there/

da-kde ta-i, aⁿ-naⁿ-ki-ye,

dakdé ttai, ąną́kiye,

you go home, you start homeward+future, will, shall+pluralizer = you’all will go home, you’all will start homeward

(i-yi) i-ya-(we)

(iyí) iyá(we)

it is said (they say that he said)

55)

Well, he said, “Then, I began coming here, bringing my baby girl,” they say.

ha-o, ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, she-mi-zhi-ka

hao, kóišǫ́ttą šémižíka

well/then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/baby girl

a-kda-bniⁿ pʰi,” i-yi i-ya-we

akdábnį pʰí,” iyí iyáwe

I have or keep my own+I come, I be coming here = I be coming here with my own/to have said/they say

56)

He said, “Then when we were coming back here, when it became dark, we camped there, and we slept.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ aⁿ-ka-ki

kóišǫ́ttą ąkáki

then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore/we returning here, I and one other = we were coming back here, we coming back home

pa-ze de taⁿ

ppáze dé tą

evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = became dark, after dark /and, when, since, as

aⁿ-kniⁿ-ti aⁿ-zhaⁿ.

ąknį́-tti ąžą́.

we sit, we camp, I and one other/denoting place where, or time when, in the past/we sleep, I and one other

57)

Then, at that time, the next morning, once again we set off, returning here,” they say.

e-ti ka-sa-ni-a-ti shi-naⁿ

étti kásaniáti šiną́

there, then/in the morning, on the next morning/again, and, also

aⁿ-ka-ki, i-yi i-ya-we

ąkáki, iyí iyáwe

we returning here, I and one other = we were coming back here, we coming back home/to have said/they say

58)

Well, he said, “When it became dark again, we camped.

ha-o, pa-ze de

hao, ppáze dé

well/evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = became dark, after dark

taⁿ shi-naⁿ aⁿ-kniⁿ.

tą šíną ąknį́.

and, when, since, as/again, and, also/we sit, we camp, I and one other

59)

Then, at that time, again we slept, the next morning, once again we set off, returning here,” they say.

e-ti aⁿ-zhaⁿ shi-naⁿ ka-sa-ni-a-ti

étti ąžą́ šiną́ kásaniáti

there, then/we sleep, I and one other/again, and, also/in the morning, on the next morning

shi-naⁿ aⁿ-ka-ki

šiną́ ąkáki

again, and, also/we returning here, I and one other = we were coming back here, we coming back home

(i-yi) i-ya-(we)

(iyí) iyá(we)

it is said (they say that he said)

60)

He said, “Then, it was almost dark on the second day, when we arrived back here to the village,” it is said (they say).

e-ti haⁿ-pa naⁿ-pa

étti hąpá nąpá

there, then/day/two

pa-ze de haⁿ-ke

ppáze dé hąké

evening, dusk, not quite dark, close of the day+go, depart; this; causative = became dark, after dark/nearly, almost

aⁿ-ka-kdi (i-yi) iyá-(we)

ąkákdi (iyí) iyá(we)

we have come back here, I and one other/it is said (they say that he said)

61)

Well, he said, “When my wife turned into a snake, she went into the water,” it is said (they say).

ha-o, wa-x’o wi-ta we-s’a o-do-hi naⁿ

hao, wax’ó wítta wés’a odóhi ną

well/woman+my = my wife/snake/change into, turn into/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ti de, (i-yi) i-ya-(we)

nítti dé, (iyí) iyá(we)

into the water/to go/it is said (they say that he said)

62)

He said, “And so, I have only brought back this, my baby girl,” they say.

e-shoⁿ-taⁿ she-mi-zhi-ka de naⁿ-hi

ešǫ́ttą šémižíka dé nąhí

then, at that time, and then/baby girl/this/only, just, alone/very, intensifier

a-kda-bniⁿ a-kdi,

akdábnį akdí,

I have or keep my own+I have come back here = I have brought back my own

i-yi i-ya-we

iyí iyáwe

to have said+they say = they say that he said

63)

The end.

ka i-she-tʰaⁿ

ká-išetʰą́

that far and no farther; that long; the end that, so far; as far as that; till then and no longer = the end

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