Circa 1890
The Rabbit and the Devouring Hill:
a Dhegiha myth, told in Kwapa by Alphonsus Valliere
recorded by James Owen Dorse

There was a Devouring Hill, it is said.

di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we miⁿ

dixáži wadáxowe mį

hill, highland covered with trees+them, things+by mouth+to drag or draw+one, a, an = a hill that draws them into its mouth, a devouring hill

e-ti-kʰe naⁿ, i-ya.

ettí-kʰe ną, iyá.

there, then/the lying object/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

At that time, Rabbit was with his grandmother, it is said.

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ maštį́ke eką́ nįkʰé

then, at length, and/rabbit/his, her, its grandmother/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

zho-ki-kde naⁿ, i-ya.

žókikde ną, iyá.

to be with one’s own/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then, the old woman said to Rabbit, it is said:

e-shoⁿ wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ waxʔó žiká nįkʰé

then, at length, and/woman+small, little = old woman, little old lady/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

ke naⁿ, i-ya:

ké ną, iyá:

to say, to address/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

“There is a Hill, but it is extremely bad!

“di-xa-zhi miⁿ e-ti-kʰe dé,

“dixáži mį ettí-kʰe dé,

hill, highland covered with trees/one, a, an/there, then/the singular lying/really, indeed

e-toⁿ shi-ke de!

ettǫ́ šíke dé!

and, but/bad/really, indeed

Beware, you should not go there!” she said to him, it is said.

e-ti te na-ha! i-ke naⁿ, i-ya.

étti tté nahá! iké ną, iyá.

there, then/you go/prohibitive, beware lest/to say to someone/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

And then Rabbit said, “Oh, my grandmother, why do you say that?” it is said.

e-shoⁿ, “i-kaⁿ-e! haⁿ-niⁿ-taⁿ

ešǫ́, “ikką́-e! hąnį́ttą

then, at length, and/my grandmother/interjection, alas!, oh!/why, how

ko-[i] i-she e,” i-yi i-ya.

kó[i] išé e,” iyí iyá.

that, there/you say/question sign/to have said+it is said = it is said he or she said

The old woman said, “When people go there, it draws them into its mouth, it devours them” it is said.

“ni-ka-shi-ka e-ti hi-naⁿ

“níkkašíka étti hí-ną

person, people, a man, clan/there, then/arrive, reach there, have been/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

wa-da-xo-we naⁿ iⁿ,”

wadáxowé ną į́,”

draw them into mouth/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/period, oral stop

i-yi i-ya wa-x’o-zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe.

iyí iyá waxʔóžiká nįkʰé.

it is said he or she said/old woman, little old lady/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

“Why is this? I will go there,” thought Rabbit, it is said.

“haⁿ-e-taⁿ?

“hą́ettą́?

what, how, why, in what manner+interrogative, conveying a question = why or how is this, wherefore, for what reason

e-ti bde te,” i-niⁿ-aⁿ i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke.

étti bdé tté,” ínįą́ iyá maštį́ke.

there, then/I go/future, shall, will be/to think that/it is said/rabbit

And then he went there, it is said.

ko-i-shoⁿ e-ti de naⁿ, i-ya.

kóišǫ étti dé ną, iyá.

then, despite, notwithstanding; so, or in that case, of that sort/there, then/to go/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

When Rabbit arrived there, the Devouring Hill knew him, it is said.

ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-ti hi naⁿ,

maštį́ke étti hí ną,

rabbit/there, then/arrive, reach there, have been/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we i-ba-hoⁿ naⁿ, i-ya.

dixáži wadáxowé íbahǫ ną́, iyá.

hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth/to know/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

 Rabbit said, “You are the Devouring Hill, devour me!

“di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we ni-kʰe,

“dixáži wadáxowé nikʰé,

hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth/2^nd person singular continuative sitting, the singular sitting object

aⁿ-da-xo-wa!

ądáxowá!

draw me into mouth/imperative, command

You are the Devouring Hill, they say that you devour people.

di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we ni-kʰe,

dixáži wadáxowé nikʰé,

hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth/2^nd person singular continuative sitting, the singular sitting object

ni-ka-shi-ka wa-ta-xo-we naⁿ i-ya-we.

níkkašíka wáttaxowe ną iyáwe.

person, people, a man, clan/you draw them into mouth/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/they say

Devour me!” it is said.

aⁿ-da-xo-wa!” i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke.

ądáxowá!” iyí iyá maštį́ke.

draw me into mouth/imperative, command/it is said he or she said/rabbit

Because the Devouring Hill knew Rabbit, he did not swallow him, it is said.

e-shoⁿ di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé

then, at length, and/hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

ma-shtiⁿ-ke i-ba-hoⁿ taⁿ

maštį́ke íbahǫ tą

rabbit/to know/because; and, when, since, as

da-xo-wa-zhi naⁿ, i-ya.

dáxówaží ną, iyá.

to draw into mouth+not, negation = to not draw into mouth/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

And then a great many people, a large hunting party, came into sight.

hoⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi ni-ka-shi-ka a-na-hi-te-xti

hǫ́tʰąhi níkkašíka anáhittéxti

then, at length, it happened, once upon a time/person, people, a man, clan/much+very, real, fully = many, a great many

taⁿ-iⁿ hi pa

ttą́į hi ppá

visible, in sight, appear, show+come, be coming here+the plural, moving, animate objects; 3^rd person plural, they moving = they came into sight

i-ya, ka-xnaⁿ.

iyá, kaxną́.

it is said/hunting as a tribe, migrate, go on hunting expedition

And then when they arrived, when the hunting party arrived there, it is said.

hoⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi e-ti

hǫ́tʰąhi étti

then, at length, it happened, once upon a time/there, then

hi naⁿ-we, i-ya.

hí nąwé, iyá.

arrive, reach there, have been+regularly, usually, often; past sign, when+pluralizer = when they arrived/it is said

Then the Devouring Hill opened its mouth, it is said.

e-shoⁿ di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé

then, at length, and/hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

i-ka, i-ya.

íka, iyá.

open the mouth, opened its mouth/it is said

Then the people entered the Hill’s mouth and Rabbit entered too, it is said.

e-shoⁿ ni-ka-shi-ka ke o-pʰa-we

ešǫ́ níkkašíka ke opʰáwe

then, at length, and/person, people, a man, clan/the plural standing or scattered/to enter, go in, go into+pluralizer = they enter

di-xa-zhi i-ha tʰe,

dixáži íha tʰe,

hill, highland covered with trees/mouth/the past act, completed action; narrative marker; the singular, standing or collection

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke e-hoⁿ o-pʰe naⁿ, i-ya.

ešǫ́ maštį́ke ehǫ́ opʰé ną, iyá.

then, at length, and/rabbit/he, she, it too/to enter, go in, go into/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then Rabbit went far inside, it is said.

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke maⁿ-tʰe hi

ešǫ́ maštį́ke mą́tʰe hi

then, at length, and/rabbit/inside, in, within, under/very, intensifier

de naⁿ, i-ya.

dé ną, iyá.

to go/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

The Devouring Hill felt uncomfortable throughout its interior on account of Rabbit having arrived inside, it is said.

di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we

dixáži wadáxowé

hill, highland covered with trees/draw them into mouth

o-kdo-x’a

okdóxʔa

place at which, at a place, in, inside, into/hollow, empty = insides, interior of

maⁿ-tʰe hi naⁿ

mą́tʰe hí ną

inside, in, within, under/arrive, reach there, have been/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

i-ki-aⁿ-shki-ka naⁿ, i-ya.

íkiąškiká ną, iyá.

indigestion, gastric discomfort, feel uncomfortable inside on account of/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then the Devouring Hill vomited Rabbit up, it is said.

e-shoⁿ di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé

then, at length, and/hill, highland covered with trees/to drag or draw things into the mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

ma-shtiⁿ-ke i-kde-we naⁿ, i-ya.

maštį́ke íkdewe ną, iyá.

rabbit/vomit up, vomit because of, to vomit on account of something/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Again, a large hunting party came into sight, it is said.

shi-naⁿ ka-xnaⁿ a-na-hi-te

šiną́ kaxną́ anáhitte

*/hunting as a tribe, migrate, go on hunting expedition/much

* šiną́ …. again, and, also+regularly, usually, often; past sign, when = again, again in the past; over and over, repeatedly

taⁿ-iⁿ hi pa

ttą́į hi ppá

visible, in sight, appear, show/come, be coming here/the plural, moving, animate objects; 3^rd person plural, they moving

naⁿ, i-ya.

ną, iyá.

regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

When they arrived there, again the Devouring Hill opened its mouth, it is said.

e-ti hí naⁿ-we

étti hí nąwé

there, then+arrive, reach there, have been+regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/pluralizer = when they arrived there

shi-naⁿ di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

šíną dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé

again, and, also/hill, highland covered with trees/to drag or draw things into the mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

i-ka naⁿ, i-ya.

íka ną, iyá.

open the mouth, opened its mouth/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

The people entered the mouth.

ni-ka-shi-ka ke o-pʰa-we, íha tʰe.

níkkašíka ke opʰáwe, íha tʰe.

person, people, a man, clan/the plural standing or scattered/to enter, go in, go into+pluralizer = they enter/mouth/the past act, completed action; narrative marker; the singular, standing or collection

Rabbit entered again, it is said.

shi-naⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke o-pʰe naⁿ, i-ya.

šiną́ maštį́ke opʰé ną, iyá.

again, and, also/rabbit/to enter, go in, go into/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

* It is understood that Rabbit entered this time as a man.

At that time the Devouring Hill did not vomit them up, it is said.

e-ti-hi di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

ettíhi dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé

at that time/hill, highland covered with trees/to drag or draw things into the mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

we-kde-wa-zhi naⁿ, i-ya.

wékdewaží ną, iyá.

to vomit on account of them, to vomit them up+not, negation = to not vomit them up/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

* Because he entered as a man, he was not recognized by the Hill.

And then, when the Rabbit had gone further into the Hill, there were the whitened bones scattered about of the people who had arrived there first and died, it is said.

hoⁿ-tʰaⁿ-hi ni-ka-shi-ka e-taⁿ-ni

hǫ́tʰąhi níkkašíka ettą́ni

then, at length, it happened, once upon a time/person, people, a man, clan/first, ahead, advance

hi pa

hi ppá

arrive, reach there, have been/the plural, moving, animate objects; 3^rd person plural, they moving

t’a-i ni-ha wa-hi ke

tʔaí nihá wahí ke

to die+pluralizer = they die/some/bone/the plural standing or scattered

wa-ska-ha hí ke naⁿ, i-ya.

waskáha hí ke ną, iyá.

whitened/very, intensifier/the plural standing or scattered/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Also, there were others sitting there with their flesh rotting away, it is said.

shi naⁿ zho

ši ną́ žo

again, and, also, more/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/flesh, meat

i-kdi-za-za hi ni-ha

íkdizáza hí nihá

stick to one here and there, adhering here and there to it’s own/very, intensifier/some

e-ti ni-kʰa naⁿ, i-ya.

ettí nikʰá ną, iyá.

there, then/they, 3^rd person plural continuative sitting/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Also, there were those sitting there who had recently died, it is said.

shi naⁿ iⁿ-chʰoⁿ hi

ši ną́ į́čʰǫ hí

again, and, also, more/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/now, right now, at this moment/very, intensifier

t’e ni-ha e-ti ni-kʰa naⁿ, i-ya.

tʔé nihá ettí nikʰá ną, iyá.

to die/some/there, then/they, 3^rd person plural continuative sitting/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then Rabbit said to those who had just entered the Hill, it is said:

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke ke naⁿ, i-ya:

ešǫ́ maštį́ke ké ną, iyá:

then, at length, and/rabbit/to say, to address/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

“Why didn’t you’all eat?

“hoⁿ-tʰe ta-ta-wa-zhi e.

“hǫ́tʰe ttatáwaži e.

why/you eat+pluralizer+ not, negation = you’all not eat/question sign

It would have been good for you’all to eat this very fat heart.

te-naⁿ-te de niⁿ-kʰe shiⁿ-xti

tteną́tte dé nįkʰé šįxtí

buffalo/heart/this/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting/fat+very, real, fully = very, really fat, extremely fat

ta-ta-we ho-taⁿ ni-tʰe.

ttatáwe hóttą nitʰé.

you eat+pluralizer = you’all/good+although, though = it would be good

* tteną́tte …. buffalo heart, ną́tte, nǫ́tte, ną́de …. heart  It is not clear as to why the Hill’s heart was referred to as ‘buffalo heart’ and not ‘heart’, perhaps just a general term for a ‘large heart’ as the buffalo would presumably have the largest heart known to them at that time.  There are a few references in which tte is an archaic word for animals, quadrupeds.

If it were I, I would have eaten it,” he said to them, it is said.

wi-e-taⁿ bda-tʰe te,” i-we-ke, i-ya.

wíettą bdatʰé tʰe,” iwéke, iyá.

if it were I, were it I/I eat/the singular, standing or collection or past, completive aspect/to say to them/it is said

Then Rabbit took his knife, it is said.

e-shoⁿ ma-hiⁿ kdi-ze naⁿ, i-ya.

ešǫ́ máhį kdizé ną, iyá.

then, at length, and/knife/to get, take, seize one’s own/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Rabbit took his knife and cut off the heart, it is said.

ma-hiⁿ kdi-ze taⁿ

máhį kdize tą

knife/to get, take, seize one’s own/and, when, since, as

te-naⁿ-te pa-se naⁿ, i-ya.

tteną́tte páse ną, iyá.

buffalo/heart/to cut off with a knife/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then the Devouring Hill said, “Haⁿ! Haⁿ! Haⁿ!” it is said.

e-shoⁿ di-xa-zhi wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe,

ešǫ́ dixáži wadáxowé nįkʰé,

then, at length, and/hill, highland covered with trees/to drag or draw things into the mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

“haⁿ! haⁿ! haⁿ!” i-ye naⁿ, i-ya.

“hą́! hą́! hą́!” iyé ną, iyá.

oh! oh! oh!, cry of pain/to say/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then Rabbit said, “Beware, you should not say, “Haⁿ! Haⁿ! Haⁿ!” it is said.

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke, “haⁿ! haⁿ! haⁿ! i-she na-ha!” i-yi i-ya.

ešǫ́ maštį́ke, “hą́! hą́! hą́! išé nahá!” iyí iyá.

then, at length, and/rabbit/oh! oh! oh!, cry of pain/you say/prohibitive, beware lest/it is said he or she said

And then Rabbit gathered up the Devouring Hill’s fat meat of the heart in a pile, it is said.

e-shoⁿ te-naⁿ-te wa-shiⁿ e-ta

ešǫ́ tteną́tte wašį́ ettá

then, at length, and/buffalo/heart/fat, fat meat/his, hers, its

sto-de naⁿ, i-ya.

stóde ną́, iyá.

collect, gather, heap, pile/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

Then the Hill split in two, it is said.

e-shoⁿ di-xa-zhi niⁿ-kʰe

ešǫ́ dixáži nįkʰé

then, at length, and/hill, highland covered with trees/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

shte-ke naⁿ, i-ya.

štéke ną, iyá.

split in two/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

All of the people went out, they emerged from the hill and started for home, it is said.

ni-ka-shi-ka za-ni hi a-shi-ti

níkkašika zaní hi ášitti

person, people, a man, clan/all, all of the+very, intensifier = every single one/outside, outdoors

kda naⁿ-we, i-ya.

kdá nąwe, iyá.

to go home, start homeward/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/pluralizer/it is said

As they started homeward, all of the people gathered together, it is said.

kda-we naⁿ

kdáwe ną

to go home, start homeward+pluralizer = they go, they start homeward/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

ni-ka-shi-ka za-ni hi

níkkašika zaní hi

person, people, a man, clan/all, all of the+very, intensifier

ki-sto naⁿ, i-ya.

kistó ną, iyá.

assemble, gather, a council/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

“We shall make Rabbit chief,” they were saying to one another as they were gathered about, it is said.

“ma-shtiⁿ-ke ka-hi-ke aⁿ-ka-xe ta-i,”

“maštį́ke kahíke ąkáγe ttaí,”

rabbit/chief/we make+future+pluralizer = we shall make, let’s make

i-ke-ya-we ke, i-ya.

íkeyáwe ké, iyá.

to have said something to someone/pluralizer/the plural standing or scattered/it is said

Then Rabbit said, it is said:

e-shoⁿ ma-shtiⁿ-ke ke naⁿ, i-ya:

ešǫ́ maštį́ke ké ną, iyá:

then, at length, and/rabbit/to say, to address/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

“They say, you’all will surely make Rabbit chief!

“ma-shtiⁿ-ke ka-hi-ke shka-xe ta-we i-ya-we e-de!

“maštį́ke kahíke škáγe ttawé iyáwe edé!

rabbit/chief/you make+future+pluralizer = you’all will make/they say/really, indeed

Am I the one that wants to be chief?

wi-e ka-hi-ke koⁿ-bda a-ni-he e-na?

wíe kahíke kkǫ́bda ánihé ená?

I, me/chief/I want/1^st person singular moving/question sign, negative reply expected, sentence final

From wherever you’all may have come from, go there to your respective homes!

ha-ki-de-de-tʰaⁿ da-tʰi-ke-we

hákidedétʰą datʰí-ké-we

where from, from whatever place/you have come here/the plural standing or scattered/pluralizer

i-te e-ti kda-we ka!

itté ettí kdawé ka!

indefinite, may, -ever/there, then/to go home, start homeward/pluralizer/imperative, command

As for me, my grandmother does not have any fat meat at all, because of that, I came here to get it for her,” he said to them, it is said.

wi-e-hoⁿ iⁿ-kaⁿ wa-shiⁿ ni-ke hi

wíehǫ įkką́ wašį́ niké hi

as for me, I too, me too/my grandmother/fat, fat meat/to have none, be lacking/very, intensifier

taⁿ-ha e-koⁿ a-ki a-tʰi a-ni-he,”

tą́ha ekǫ́ áki átʰi ánihé,”

because/that sort, like, thus, like that, so/I have arrived here to get someone’s/1^st person singular moving

i-we-ke, i-ya.

iwéke, iyá.

to say to them/it is said

Then Rabbit started for home packing the fat meat on his back, it is said.

e-shoⁿ wa-shiⁿ k’iⁿ kde

ešǫ́ wašį́ kʔį kdé

then, at length, and/fat, fat meat/carry, pack on the back/to go home, to start homeward

naⁿ, i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke.

ną́, iyá maštį́ke.

regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said/rabbit

Rabbit packed the fat meat on his back and when he arrived back home, he put the fat meat in a pile outside of the lodge, it is said.

k’iⁿ kʰi taⁿ a-shi-ti

kʔį kʰí tą ášitti

carry, pack on the back/to arrive back at one’s own/and, when, since, as/outside, outdoors

i-tʰe-de

itʰéde

with which to, by means of+the singular, standing or collection+causative = to stand something up, to put many things in a pile

naⁿ, i-ya.

ną, iyá.

regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

He said, “Oh, my grandmother!  I have truly killed the Devouring Hill!” it is said.

“iⁿ-kaⁿ-e! di-xa-zhi

“įkką́-e! dixáži

my grandmother/interjection, alas!, oh!/hill, highland covered with trees

wa-da-xo-we niⁿ-kʰe

wadáxowé nįkʰé

to drag or draw things into the mouth/3^rd person singular continuative sitting; the singular, sitting

t’e-a-de e-de,” i-yi i-ya.

tʔeádé edé,” iyí iyá.

I kill/really, indeed/it is said he or she said

She said, “Oh!  Bad big foot!  Bad hare lip!  It would be good if it had been you that just now killed the Devouring Hill,” it is said.

* The words of the old woman are not to be taken literally. Even though she doubted him, she was proud of what the rabbit said he had done and was praising him.  Though he was deformed, he had done what should have been done long ago by others.

“hoⁿ! si taⁿ-ka shi-ke!

“hǫ! sí ttą́ka šíke!

oh! or what, how, in what manner/foot/big, large/bad

i-ha-shka shi-ke!

íhašká šíke!

mouth+short, stumpy, flat, broad, flattened = be hare lipped/bad

di-e-taⁿ di-o-za.

díettą dióza

you+rather than anyone else = if it were you, had it been you/just now, a short time ago, in a little while

t’e-da-de tʰe

tʔédadé tʰe

you kill/the singular, standing or collection or past, completive aspect

ho-taⁿ ni-tʰe,” i-yi i-ya

hóttą nitʰé,” iyí iyá.

good/although, though/it is said he or she said

Rabbit said, “Oh, my grandmother!  I said that because I killed him.  Look at that pile meat over there!” it is said.

“iⁿ-kaⁿ-e! t’e-a-de koⁿ she [i]-he.

“įkką́-e! tʔeádé kǫ́ še [i]hé

my grandmother/interjection, alas!, oh!/I kill/as, since, so, like/that, that visible, that visible thing/I say

ko-wa-tʰe

kówatʰe

yonder, further+the singular, standing or collection = yonder pile

toⁿ-wa!” i-yi i-ya ma-shtiⁿ-ke.

tǫwá!” iyí iyá maštį́ke.

to look at something+imperative, command = look!/it is said he or she said/rabbit

The old woman went outside and when she saw the pile of meat, she said, “Oh! My grandson did tell the truth, but …. I had thought otherwise,” it is said.

wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ

waxʔó žiká nį

old woman, little old lady/3^rd person singular moving; the singular moving

a-shi-ti hi naⁿ,

ášitti hí ną,

outside, outdoors/to arrive, reach there, have been/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when

“hoⁿ! wi-to-shpa miⁿ-kʰe

“hǫ! wittóšpa mį́kʰe

oh! or what, how, in what manner/my grandchild/to tell or speak the truth

tʰe e-de

tʰe edé

past, completive aspect+but, and, though = denotes an unexpected act or result

* JOD notes this is an elliptical expression. It would be in full, mį́kʰe tʰe edé, mį́kʰe ážązhi …. he did tell the truth, but I did not think that he told the truth.

She took the fat meat into the lodge, it is said.

wa-shiⁿ tʰe di-ze naⁿ, i-ya.

wašį́ tʰe dizé ną, iyá.

fat, fat meat/the singular, standing or collection/to get, take, seize/regularly, usually, often; past sign, when/it is said

The end.

shoⁿ

šǫ́

the end, enough, that will do

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