January 1894
The Quapaw version of Cinderella
Told by Mrs. Mary Stafford
recorded by James Owen Dorsey

The old Frenchman and his wife were living together, they say.

i-shta-xe sh’a-ke e-ka-xnaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe e-naⁿ-pa

ištáxe šʔáke ekáxną nįkʰé enąpá

French/old, elderly, aged/a man’s wife/3sg sitting/both, that one too

* 3sg, ‘3^rd person singular …. he, she, it’

ti-kda-wi i-ya-we

ttíkdawí iyáwe

they kept house, they lived together/they say

* iyáwe < iáwe

2)

Then, the old man killed a great many deer, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ni-ka sh’a-ke tʰaⁿ ta t’e-de a-ta-ha i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą níkka šʔaké tʰą tta tʔéde attahá iyáwe

then/man/old, elderly, aged/3sg standing/deer/to kill/a great many, exceedingly, much/they say

* kóišǫ́ttą, ‘then, thus, accordingly, in that way, therefore’

3)

Then, they dried the deer meat, piling it up, that is how they lived, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti ta-zho ta-bi-ze

kóišǫ́ttą ettí ttažó tábize

then/there, then/deer/flesh, meat = venison/dried by heat, to dry

ka-xe ko-i-shoⁿ-zhi

káγe koišǫ́ži

to make/so or of that sort/put, place objects or collection = piling up the pieces in that manner

i-ti-kde koⁿ ni-kʰa i-ya-we

íttikdé kǫ nikʰá iyáwe

by means of/to set up housekeeping, to set up and keep house, to live together, family/as, since, so, like/3pl sitting = so they were awhile, so they were/they say

* 3pl, ‘3^rd person plural …. they, them’

4)

The old Frenchman killed a great many deer, they say.

i-shta-xe sh’a-ke niⁿ ta t’e-de a-ta-ha i-ya-we

ištáxe šʔáke nį́ tta tʔéde attahá iyáwe

French/old, elderly, aged/3sg moving/deer/to kill/a great many, exceedingly, much/they say

5)

Well, after a while, the woman became pregnant, they say.

ha-o wa-x’o niⁿ-kʰe wa-te-zo-knaⁿ taⁿ kaⁿ niⁿ-kʰe i-ya-we

hao waxʔó nįkʰé wattézokną́ tą kǫ́ nįkʰé iyáwe

¶/woman/3sg sitting/pregnant/when/as, since, so, like/3sg sitting = so she was awhile, so she was/they say

6)

Then, even though (she was pregnant), that is how they lived, he went hunting, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ koⁿ ni-kʰa naⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą kǫ́ nikʰá ną

then/as, since, so, like/3pl sitting = so they were awhile, so they were/past, when

e-shoⁿ-hi ta-bde de naⁿ i-ya-we

ešǫ́hi tábde dé ną iyáwe

despite (nevertheless), at length, after some time/to hunt animals/to go/past, when/they say

7)

Then, when he would go hunting, he would return home with many deer, they carried on in this manner for some time, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ta-bde de naⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą tábde dé ną

then/to hunt/to go/past, when

ta tʔe-de kdi ta zho-hi hi taⁿ

ttá t’éde kdí tta žohi hí tą

deer/to kill/to have come back here/deer/many/very/when

kaⁿ ni-kʰa naⁿ i-ya-we

kǫ́ nikʰá ną iyáwe

as, since, so, like/3pl sitting = so they were awhile, so they were/past, when/they say

8)

Then, the woman went into labor, she gave birth to a girl, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-x’o niⁿ-kʰe [e]-hoⁿ we-ta-de naⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą waxʔó nįkʰé-[e]hǫ́ wéttade ną́

then/woman/3sg sitting/it, he, she too = as for her/childbirth, the act of giving birth/past, when

she-mi i-ta-de niⁿ-kʰe i-ya-we

šémi íttade nįkʰé ną iyáwe

girl/to bear a child, to give birth/3sg sitting/past, when/they say

9)

When the girl that had been born grew a little older, at that time, her mother died, they say.

e she-mi i-ta-de taⁿ

é šémi íttadé tą

aforementioned, that, he, she, it/girl/to bear a child, to give birth/when

naⁿ-haⁿ zhi-ka hi taⁿ

nąhą́ žiká hí tą

grown up, mature/little, small/arrive, reach there = grew a little older/when

ka-i-she-tʰaⁿ hi taⁿ e-hoⁿ niⁿ-kʰe t’e i-ya-we

ká-išétʰą hí tą ehǫ́ nįkʰé tʔe iyáwe

so far, that far, that long/arrive, reach there/when/his or her mother/3sg sitting/die/they say

10)

She was left with only her father to keep her, they say.

e-da-te naⁿ-hi a-kda-niⁿ o-shte i-ya-we

edátte nąhí akdánį ošté iyáwe

his or her father/only/to have or keep one’s own/remain, left over/they say

11)

Then, she was left there all alone when her father would go hunt, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti e-naⁿ-hi koⁿ tʰaⁿ taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą étti enąhí kǫ-tʰą́ tą

then/there, then/only that, him, her, it/as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/when

ta-bde de naⁿ i-ya-we

tábde dé ną iyáwe

to hunt/to go/past, when/they say

12)

Then, the only thing the girl had to eat was deer, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ she-mi tʰaⁿ ta naⁿ-hi da-tʰe-ki-de tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą šémi tʰą ttá nąhí datʰékidé tʰą ną́ iyáwe

then/girl/3sg standing/deer/only/cause to eat/3sg standing/past, when/they say

13)

Then, as she grew a little older, she was still like that (all alone and eating only deer), they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-koⁿ niⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą ékǫ nį́

then/so, similar to, like that, thus/3sg moving

naⁿ-haⁿ zhi-ka hi taⁿ

nąhą́ žiká hí tą

grown up, mature/little, small/arrive, reach there = grew a little older/when

koⁿ tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya-we

kǫ-tʰą́ ną iyáwe

as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/past, when/they say

14)

When her father would return home, he returned home all alone, with no one else, they say.

e-da-te niⁿ-kʰe kʰi taⁿ

edátte nįkʰe kʰí tą

his or her father/3sg sitting/come back, reach home/when

be-ni hi niⁿ-kʰe taⁿ kʰi i-ya-we

bení hi nįkʰé tą kʰí iyáwe

companionless/very/3sg sitting/arrive back at one’s own/they say

* béniži, ‘everyone’

15)

Then, she said, “I’ve really had enough this, I’m tired of being so lonesome,” they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “aⁿ-naⁿ-bnaⁿ hi miⁿ-kʰe,”

kóišǫ́ttą, “ąnąbną́ hi mįkʰé,”

then/lonesome, tired of, enough, sufficient, satisfied/very = I am very lonesome/1sg sitting

* 1sg, ‘1^st person singular …. I, me’

i-ye niⁿ-kʰe i-ya-we

iyé nįkʰé iyáwe

to say/3sg sitting/they say

* iyé < ié

16)

She said, “My father, is there not a town anywhere, I wonder if we are all alone,” it is said.

“iⁿ-ta-te, toⁿ ha-ki e-hi-te

įttátte, ttǫ́ hakí ehitté

my father/town, village/where/that, he, she, it/soever = anywhere

e-ti niⁿ-kʰa-zhi hi taⁿ

ettí nįkʰaží hi tą́

there, then/the sitting/not, negation/very = it sits not at all/when

koⁿ aⁿ-niⁿ-kʰe e-te te,” i-ye niⁿ-k[ʰe] i-ya

kǫ-ąnį́kʰe étte tté,” iyé nįk[ʰe] íya

as, since, so, like/1du sitting = the two of us sitting here awhile/perhaps, maybe, wonder/to say/3sg sitting/it is said

* 1du, ‘1^st person dual …. we, I and one other’

* íya < ía

17)

He said to her, “Sure enough, there is a town in this direction!” it is said.

“de shoⁿ-hi toⁿ e-ti niⁿ-kʰe e-de,”

“dé šǫ́hi ttǫ́ ettí nįkʰé edé,”

this direction/town, village/there, then/the sitting = it sits there/indeed

i-ke ni[ⁿ i]-ya

iké ní[ⁿ í]-ya

to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said

* iké < ikié

18)

Then, she said, “I wonder, is there not a home (household, family) very near,” it is said.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “e-ti a-shka hi ti-kde

kóišǫ́ttą, “étti ašká hi ttíkde

then/there/near, close/very/to set up housekeeping, to set up and keep house, to live together, family

e-ti-tʰaⁿ-zhi e-te te,” i-ye niⁿ-k[ʰe] i-ya

ettítʰąží étte tte,” iyé nįk[ʰe] íya

there, then/the standing/not, negation = it stands there not/perhaps, maybe, wonder/to say/3sg sitting/it is said

19)

Then, he said to her, “There is one there, near here, it just has girls, it is there,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “de-do a-shka e-ti-tʰaⁿ she-mi e-naⁿ-hi wa-niⁿ

koíšǫ́ttą, “dédo áška ettítʰą šémi eną́hi wánį

then/here/near, close/there, then/the standing = it stands there/girl/only that/to have them

e-ti-tʰaⁿ,” i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

ettítʰą,” iké nį́ iyá(we)

there, then/the standing = it stands there/to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

20)

Then, she said to him, “My father, I want you to marry her, I want to play with the girls,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “iⁿ-ta-te, da-knoⁿ-ke koⁿ-bda,

kóišǫ́ttą, “įttatté, dáknǫké kkǫbdá,

then/my father/you marry a woman/I want

she-mi ke a-wa-ki-shka-te

šémi ké awákkiškátte

girl/the plural standing or scattered/I play with them, not my own

koⁿ a-ni-he koⁿ-bda,”

kǫ́-anihé kkǫbdá,”

as, since, so, like/1sg moving = so I move awhile/I want

i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

iké nį́ iyá(we)

to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

21)

And then, he wrote a (marriage proposal) letter and took it there to her (the woman who lived with the girls at the home nearby), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-zha i-ka-zo-zo ka-xe a-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą ną́ža íkazózo káγe attą́

and then/letter, book, paper/to make/and

a-ki-niⁿ hi i-ya(we)

akínį hí iyá(we)

have or keep for someone/arrive, reach there = he took it there to her/it is said (they say)

22)

Then, when she looked at (read) the letter that he had written and taken to her, she said, “So shall it be,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti knoⁿ-ke te i-ka-zo-zo ka-xe a-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą étti knǫké tte ikazózo káγe áttą

then/there, then/to marry a woman/will, shall/letter, book, paper/to make/and

a-ki-niⁿ hi taⁿ toⁿ-we

akínį hí tą tǫ́we

have or keep for someone/arrive, reach there = he took it there to her/when/to look at something

taⁿ naⁿ-zha, “e-koⁿ te,” i-ke i-ya(we)

tą nąža, “ekǫ́ tte,” iké iyá(we)

when/then/so, similar to, like that, thus/will, shall/to say (the preceding) to someone/it is said (they say)

23)

And then, the old woman, along with her children, she took them there (to his home) and married him, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-zha wa-x’o zhi-ka niⁿ-kʰe shi-zhi-ka zho-wa-ki-kde

kóišǫ́ttą ną́ža waxʔó žiká nįkʰé šižíka žówakíkde

and then/old woman, little old lady/3sg sitting/child/be with them, one’s own

wa-kda-niⁿ hi taⁿ a-di-xe i-ya(we)

wákdanį hí tą adiγé iyá(we)

take them there, one’s own/when/to marry a man/it is said (they say)

24)

Then, when he married her, he continued to hunt and kill deer, they had an abundance of deer to eat, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ knoⁿ-ke taⁿ ta-bde naⁿ ta t’e-de taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą knǫké tą tábde ną ttá tʔéde tą

then/to marry a woman/when/to hunt/when/deer/to kill/when

a-zho-wa ta da-tʰe-wi i-ya(we)

ážowa tta dátʰewi iyá(we)

many times, often, abundance/deer/they eat/it is said (they say)

25)

Then, she (his daughter) played with the girls, she cherished them a great deal, it is said, (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ she-mi ke wa-ki-shka-te

kóišǫ́ttą šémí ke wakkiškátte

then/girl/the plural standing or scattered/play with them, not one’s own

hoⁿ-e-aⁿ-zhi wa-saⁿ-de tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

hǫ́eąží wasą́de tʰą́ ną iyá(we)

not a little, a great deal/she liked (prized) them/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

26)

Then, after some time, she grew a little older, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-shoⁿ-hi

kóišǫ́ttą ešǫhí

then/just so, at length, after some time

naⁿ-haⁿ zhi-ka hi tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

nąhą́ žiká hí tʰą́ ną iyá(we)

grown up, mature/little, small/arrive, reach there = grew a little older/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

27)

Then, as she was like that (as she grew a little older), she was treated as an orphan, she was treated miserably (by her stepsisters and stepmother), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-koⁿ niⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą ekǫ nį́ wahą́nįké tʰą

then/so, similar to, like that, thus/3sg moving/orphan/3sg standing

wa-xpa-ni-de hoⁿ-e-aⁿ-zhi tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

waxpánidé hǫ́eąží tʰą ną iyá(we)

cause to be poor, pitiful, suffer/not a little, a great deal/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

28)

Then, the old man was about to go after goods following along the river, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke tʰaⁿ ni o-ha wa-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šʔaké tʰą ni ohá wattą́

then/old, elderly, aged/3sg standing/water/going along, following, following its course/goods, merchandise

a-ki-de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

akidé tta tʰą ną iyá(we)

go for something not one’s own; fetch/future/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

29)

Then, when he was about to set off in his large canoe, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ maⁿ-te wa-sh’a-ke hi o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ de ta tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

kóišǫ́ttą mątté wašʔáke hí óknį áttą de tta tʰą ną iyá(we)

then/canoe, boat/large, broad/very/to sit in/and/to go/future, and, when/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

30)

Then, his other daughters (his stepdaughters) all said, “Bring me back some fine calico cloth!” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-zhaⁿ-ke e-zhi pa, “wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ hi

kóišǫ́ttą ežą́ke éži ppá, “wahį́ska hóttą hi

then/his or her daughter/another, different, other/3pl moving = the others/calico/good/very

aⁿ-ki-niⁿ kdi ni-he!” i-ye pa i-ya(we)

ą́kinį kdí-nihé!” iyé ppa iyá(we)

have it for me/come back here/imperative = bring it back for or to me!/to say/3pl moving = they say/it is said (they say)

31)

Then, his daughter just stood there (not asking him for anything), it is said, (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-zhaⁿ-ke e-ta tʰaⁿ koⁿ tʰaⁿ i-ya(we)

kóišǫ́ttą ežą́ke ettá tʰą kǫ-tʰą́ iyá(we)

then/his or her daughter/his, hers, its/3sg standing/as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/it is said (they say)

32)

Then, although (she had not asked for anything), he said to her, “My oldest daughter, I will bring you back some other kind of fine calico cloth,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shoⁿ-hi-te, “wa-hiⁿ-ska

kóišǫ́ttą šǫ́hitte, “wahį́ska

then/anyhow, at any rate, despite, notwithstanding/calico

ta-taⁿ hi-te ho-taⁿ iⁿ

táttą hitté hóttą į́

what, something/indefinite pronoun, (what)-ever = some kind or other/good/intensifier, very

* į́ < hi

a-wi-ki-bniⁿ a-kdi te a,

áwikíbnį akdí tte á,

I have it for you/I come back here = I bring it back for you, my own/will

wi-naⁿ,” i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

winą́,” iké nį iyá(we)

first, elder daughter/to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

33)

Then, the orphan was treated miserably, hot ashes were spilled on her feet and thrown upon her (despite this treatment), she continued to endure, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ wa-xpa-ni hi ni-xo-te ta-ka-te si-ti

kóišǫ́ttą wahą́nįké tʰą waxpáni hi nixótte tákkatte sítti

then/orphan/3sg standing/poor, pitiful, suffer/very/ashes/hot/foot/at, by, in = at or on the feet

e-hi a-ba-shoⁿ a-ka-xtaⁿ hi-te

éhi ábašǫ ákaxtą hítte

that very or arrived there/spill upon/sprinkle or pour upon/indefinite pronoun, (what)-ever

koⁿ-iⁿ tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

kǫ́į tʰą́ ną iyá(we)

as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/past, when/it is said (they say)

34)

She was treated miserably (by her stepsisters), it is said (they say).

wa-xpa-ni hi a-niⁿ tʰaⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

waxpáni hí anį́ tʰą ną iyá(we)

poor, pitiful, suffer/very/to have/3sg standing/past, when/it is said (they say)

35)

Then, the old man returned with the goods that he had went after, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ sh’a-ke niⁿ wa-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šʔáke nį wattą́

then/old, elderly, aged/3sg moving/goods, merchandise

a-ki-de tʰe kdi i-ya(we)

akíde tʰé kdí iyá(we)

go for something not one’s own; fetch/past, completive aspect/to have come back here/it is said (they say)

36)

Then, when the girls arrived (to greet their father), the other girls (the stepdaughters) took all of the fine calico cloth and the orphan just stood there alone (not saying anything), it is said, (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ she-mi ke hi taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šémi ké hí tą

then/girl/the plural standing or scattered/arrive, reach there/when

she-mi e-zhi ke hi taⁿ

šémi éži ke hí tą

girl/another, different, other/the plural standing or scattered/arrive, reach there/when

wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ ke za-ni di-za-i taⁿ

wahį́ska hóttą ke zaní dizá-i tą

calico/good/the plural standing or scattered/all/they take/when

wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ e-naⁿ kaⁿ tʰaⁿ i-ya(we)

wahą́nįké tʰą eną́ ką-tʰą́ iyá(we)

orphan/3sg standing/he, she, it only/as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/it is said (they say)

37)

Then, after they (the stepdaughters) headed for home, he gave her (his daughter) a wooden box filled with something good, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ koⁿ-iⁿ kda-i taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą kǫ́į kdá-i tą

then/as, since, so, like/they go home, they start homeward = so they were awhile, so they were/when

ta-taⁿ ho-taⁿ hi zhaⁿ-pi-zhi o-zhi taⁿ ki-k’i i-ya(we)

táttą hóttą hi žąppíži oží tą kikʔí iyá(we)

what, something/good/very/wooden box or trunk/to fill/when/to give to one’s own/it is said (they say)

38)

Then, when she returned to the house, she put the box in her room, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e ti tʰe-ti kʰi taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą e ttí tʰétti kʰí tą

then/aforementioned, that, he, she, it/house/the standing/at, by, in = at the/arrive back at one’s own/when

ti a-naⁿ-se tʰaⁿ kʰe-ta

tti-ánąsé tʰą kʰétta

house/to surround, enclose/the standing = room/the lying/to, at, toward = at the

o-pi-zhi kʰe o-k’oⁿ-he i-ya(we)

óppiži kʰe ókʔǫhé iyá(we)

box/the lying/put a long object in something/it is said (they say)

39)

The other girls (having returned home) sewed their fine calico cloth (into fine clothes for themselves), it is said (they say).

mi-zhi-ka e-zhi ke-naⁿ wa-hiⁿ-ska ho-taⁿ hi

mižíka éži ke-ną wahį́ska hóttą hí

young girl/another, different, other/the plural standing or scattered/only/calico/good/very

ki-pa-tʰe [e]-koⁿ de-tʰe niⁿ naⁿ i-ya(we)

kippátʰe [e]kǫ détʰe nį́ ną iyá(we)

to sew one’s own/so, similar to, like that, thus/this collection/3sg moving/past, when = they were each sewing their own/it is said (they say)

40)

Then, they arrived there from a distant village to invite them to a dance, it is said (they say).

(A delegation from a distant village arrived at the home of the Frenchman to invite them to a dance.)

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti toⁿ ko-zhi taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą étti ttǫ́ kkoží tą

then/there, then/village/distant, far/when

o-zha i-ki-pʰe tʰi-we i-ya(we)

óža íkipʰé tʰíwe iyá(we)

to dance/to invite the people to assemble, to invite them/they arrive, they have come here/it is said (they say)

41)

Then, the old woman said to him, “We will be there,” it is said (they say).

(The old woman told the spokesman of the delegation, “We will be there.”)

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ, “aⁿ-ka-hi ta-i,”

kóišǫ́ttą, “ąkáhi taí,”

then/we arrive, we reach there/future, will/pluralizer

wa-x’o zhi-ka i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

waxʔo-žiká iké nį iyá(we)

old woman, little old lady/to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

42)

And then, the next morning they went to the dance, it is said (they say).

(The next morning the old woman and her daughters left for the dance.)

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ naⁿ-zha a-ka-sa-ni taⁿ o-zha da-wi i-ya(we)

kóišǫ́ttą ną́ža ákasáni tą óža dáwi iyá(we)

and then/the next morning, the next day/when/to dance/they go/it is said (they say)

43)

He, the old man sat smoking while his daughter stood there, it is said (they say).

(As they left for the dance, the old man sat smoking tobacco while his daughter just stood there.)

e sh’a-ke niⁿ-kʰe ki-ta-ni taⁿ

e šʔáke nįkʰé kitáni tą

aforementioned, that, he, she, it/old, elderly, aged/3sg sitting/to smoke/when

e-zhaⁿ-ke e-ta tʰaⁿ koⁿ tʰaⁿ i-ya(we)

ežą́ke ettá tʰą kǫ-tʰą́ iyá(we)

his or her daughter/his, hers, its/3sg standing/as, since, so, like/3sg standing = so she was awhile, so she was/it is said (they say)

44)

Then, when they (the old woman and her daughters) left (for the dance), the old man said to her, “Come here! My oldest daughter, I have brought back some clothing for you,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ da-i taⁿ, “hi ni-he! we-da-niⁿ a-wi-ki-bniⁿ a-kdi,

kóišǫ́ttą dá-i tą, “hí-nihé! wédanį áwikíbnį akdí,

then/they go/when/come here!/clothing/I have or keep for you, my own/I have come back here

wi-naⁿ,” i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

winą́,” iké nį iyá(we)

first, elder daughter/to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

45)

And then, after they (the old woman and her daughters) had left (for the dance), the orphan went (to her room, to the box that her father had brought her), it is said (they say).

naⁿ-zha da-i taⁿ e-ti wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ a-shi-oⁿ-he de i-ya(we)

ną́ža dá-i tą étti wahą́nįké tʰą ášiǫhé dé iyá(we)

and then/they go/when/there, then/orphan/3sg standing/afterward, behind, after/to go/it is said (they say)

46)

Then, when the orphan opened the box, a spotted horse was made to appear, the spotted horse came clopping along and stood there, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ o-pi-zhi kʰe kdi-a-ze naⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą wahą́nįké tʰą óppiži kʰe kdiáze ną

then/orphan/3sg standing/box/the lying object/to pull open one’s own/when

shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ kde-zhe hi naⁿ-ta-ta-xe ka-xe

šǫ́keáknį kdežé hi nąttattáxe káɣe

horse/spotted/very/stomping, trampling, thumping with feet/to make, do

tʰi na-zhiⁿ ka-xe i-ya(we)

tʰí nažį́ káɣe iyá(we)

arrive, to have come here/to stand/to make, do/it is said (they say)

47)

(The spotted horse was standing there with) a side saddle too, made entirely of silver, it is said (they say).

naⁿ-ka-[a]-knaⁿ shta-ha niⁿ-kʰe-hoⁿ

ną́kka[a]kną́ štahá nį́kʰe-hǫ

back/placed upon = saddle/smooth = side saddle/the sitting/it, he, she too

maⁿ-ze-ska naⁿ-hi i-ya(we)

mązéska nąhí iyá(we)

iron, metal/white = silver/only/it is said (they say)

48)

When the girl left (for the dance), she had on a hair comb and shawl, she also had on shoes made entirely of silver, it is said (they say).

mi-zhi-ka tʰaⁿ i-ka-pʰe a-ba-xda-te wa-pe-da i-niⁿ-ha hoⁿ-pe i-niⁿ-ha

mižiká tʰą íkapʰe ábaxdátte wappéda inįhá hǫpé inįhá

young girl/3sg standing/comb that is worn in the hair/shawl/too/shoe/too

maⁿ-ze-ska naⁿ-hi a-ki-kda-niⁿ aⁿ-tʰaⁿ de i-ya(we)

mązéska nąhí ákikdánį ą́tʰą dé iyá(we)

silver/only/she had her own (on)/when/to go/it is said (they say)

49)

She made herself into the prettiest of young girls (by putting on all of the things that came from the box), it is said (they say).

mi-zhi-ka ho-taⁿ a-ta-pa-xti

mižiká hóttą áttappáxti

young girl/good/great, exceeding, too, often, always/very, real, fully

koⁿ-iⁿ [i]-te ki-de i-ya(we)

kǫ́į [i]tté ki-dé iyá(we)

as, since, so, like/-ever/to cause oneself to be/it is said (they say)

50)

Then, she (the orphan) left, riding along on her horse, trotting along at a good pace, following along a different road than those that went there to the dance (the old woman and her daughters), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-ki o-zha da-i tʰe-ta o-zhoⁿ-ke e-zhi

kóišǫ́ttą káki óža dá-i tʰétta ožǫ́ke éži

then/there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/to dance/they go/to the/road/another, different, other

o-pʰa shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ a-ki-kniⁿ aⁿ-tʰaⁿ ba-ha-ha-ta ho-taⁿ koⁿ-iⁿ de i-ya(we)

opʰá šǫ́keáknį akíknį ą́tʰą baháhatta hóttą kǫ́į dé iyá(we)

along, following/horse/to sit on one’s own/when/to trot/good = pace/as, since, so, like/to go/it is said (they say)

51)

Then, when Big Chief’s son arrived, those that had went there to the dance, they contended for him (they competed for Big Chief’s son’s affections), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ o-zha ka-ki da-i ke

kóišǫ́ttą óža káki dá-i ke

then/to dance/there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/they go/the plural standing or scattered

ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke

kahíke ttą́ka ežį́ke

chief/big, large/his or her son

a-ki-da-i ke

ákkidá-i ké

they contend for the possession of something/the plural standing or scattered

taⁿ hi i-ya(we)

tą hí iyá(we)

when/arrive, reach there/it is said (they say)

52)

Then, the orphan who had been following along a different road arrived (to the dance), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke niⁿ o-zhoⁿ-ke e-ki-zhi

kóišǫ́ttą wahą́nįké nį ožǫ́ke ekíži

then/orphan/3sg moving/road/different, somewhere else, elsewhere

o-ha hi i-ya(we)

ohá hí iya(we)

following, following its course/arrive, reach there/it is said (they say)

53)

As she was sitting (atop her horse) in the lane (the entrance to the village), only her silver could be seen shining brightly, it is said (they say).

o-zhoⁿ-ke do-taⁿ hi kaⁿ-hiⁿ kniⁿ hi maⁿ-ze-ska naⁿ-hi ta-pi-pi-zhe hi kniⁿ i-ya(we)

ožǫ́ke dóttą hí kąhį́ knį hí mązéska nąhí ttápipíže hí knį iyá(we)

road/straight/very/as, since, so, like/to sit/very/silver/only/shining brightly/very/to sit/it is said (they say)

54)

Then, while they were dancing, while they were contending for him (for Big Chief’s son’s affections), she (the orphan) arrived, and the soldiers helped her down (off her horse).  When (the orphan) arrived (to the dance), Big Chief’s son grabbed her under the arms, embracing her and took her back to the lodge, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-ki o-zha ke

kóišǫ́ttą káki óža ke

then/there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/dance/the plural standing or scattered

ni-kaⁿ-saⁿ ke koⁿ-iⁿ hi a-tʰaⁿ ki-ha-knaⁿ

nikkąsą́ ke kǫ́į hi átʰą kkihákną

police, soldier/the plural standing or scattered/as, since, so, like/arrive, reach there/when/down/set, put = helped her off

a-tʰaⁿ ka-ki o-zha wa-ki-da taⁿ

átʰą káki óža-wákkidá tą

when/there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/dance/those contending for the possession of something/when

koⁿ-iⁿ hi a-tʰaⁿ ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ

kǫ́į hi átʰą kahíke ttą́ka ežį́ke tʰą

as, since, so, like/arrive, reach there/when/chief/big, large/his son/3sg standing

to-si a o-doⁿ-de

tosí a odǫ́de

armpit, under the arms, under arm/arm/arrest, hold, seize, grasp

a-tʰaⁿ ti-a-ti a-niⁿ kdi i-ya(we)

átʰą ttiátti anį́ kdi iyá(we)

and, when/in or to the lodge/to bring back/it is said (they say)

55)                  

Then, Big Chief’s son abandoned them, he let them go (those that were at the dance) …. The grown orphan, he will marry her, she will live here, it is said.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke tʰaⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą kahíke ttą́ka ežį́ke tʰą

then/chief/big, large/his son/3sg standing

ka-ki ke

kakí ke

there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/the plural standing or scattered = those

wa-di-haⁿ-zhi a-taⁿ

wadíhąži áttą

he let them go, abandoned them/and, when

de-do niⁿ

dedó nį

here, this place, right here, native, translates JOD’s Dhegiha/3sg moving or be in a location, exist, live as, to be

wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke naⁿ-haⁿ tʰaⁿ knoⁿ-ke te i-ya

wahą́nįké nąhą́ tʰą́ knǫké tte iyá

orphan/old, grown up, mature, raised/3sg standing/marry a woman/will, shall/it is said

**** The narrator is unclear as to why the orphan left, perhaps she needed her father’s permission before she could marry Big Chief’s son ****

56)

Then, just as they (those at the dance) started for home, a soldier said to them (the other soldiers), “Pull off her other shoe, one of the pair!” it is said.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ koⁿ-iⁿ taⁿ,

kóišǫ́ttą kǫ́į kdá-i tą,

then/as, since, so, like/they go home, they start homeward/when

“hoⁿ-pe i-maⁿ-ta ma-sa-ni

“hǫpé imą́tta masáni

shoe/at or on the other side/on the opposite side, across, half of a pair

ki-di-shto-ta-i ni-he,” i-we-ki niⁿ i-ya ni-kaⁿ-saⁿ

kidíštottái nihé!” iwéki nį́ iyá nikkąsą́

They pull off someone’s, remove/imperative/to say the preceding to them/3sg moving/to say/police, soldier

57)

Then, when she arrived at her horse and got on, just as she was about to head home, they pulled her shoe off, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ shoⁿ-ke-a-kniⁿ tʰaⁿ-ta a-ki-kniⁿ taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą šǫ́keáknį tʰąttá ákiknį́ tą

then/horse/to or at the standing/to sit on one’s own/when

koⁿ-iⁿ kde taⁿ hoⁿ-pe ki-di-shto-ta-wi i-ya(we)

kǫ́į kdé tą hǫpé kidíštottáwi iyá(we)

as, since, so, like/to go home, to start homeward/when/shoe/they pull off someone’s, remove/it is said (they say)

58)

Then, even though they (the old woman and her daughters) had started home first, she (the orphan) arrived home before them and put her bad clothes on, she had been there awhile when they (the old woman and her daughters) arrived back home, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ta-niⁿ kda-i ke [e]-ni-te

kóišǫ́ttą ettą́nį kdá-i ke [e]nitté

then/first, ahead/they go home, they start homeward/the plural standing or scattered/although, though

ka-ki niⁿ e-taⁿ-niⁿ kʰi

kaki nį ettą́nį kʰí

there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/3sg moving/first, ahead/arrive back at one’s own

a-taⁿ we-da-niⁿ shi-ke h[i] e-naⁿ i-da-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ

áttą wédanį šíke h[i] éną idákikdanį áttą

and, when/clothing, dressed/bad/very/only that/to put on one’s own/and, when

* héną < hi eną

koⁿ tʰaⁿ taⁿ kʰi-we i-ya(we)

kǫ-tʰą́ tą kʰíwe iyá(we)

as, since, so, like/3sg standing/when/they arrive back at their own/it is said (they say)

59)

When she arrived back home, she desperately began cooking, however she was unable to finish when they (the old woman and her daughters) arrived back home, it is said (they say).

kʰi a-tʰaⁿ o-ki-hoⁿ a-ta-ha

kʰi átʰą ókihǫ attahá

arrive back at one’s own/when/cook or boil for someone/too, exceedingly, much

ti-te-ki-da-zhi

títtekidáži

cooked, done, fully cooked/to cause/not, negation = to not have fully cooked

shoⁿ-niⁿ kʰi-we i-ya(we)

šǫnį́ kʰíwe iyá(we)

and, still, yet = not yet/3sg moving/they arrive back at one’s own/it is said (they say)

60)

Then, the other girls (her stepsisters) scolded her awfully, they put ashes on her which made her cry from the heat, all the time they were doing this, they were laughing at her, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ mi-zhi-ka e-zhi ke i-ho-sa a-ta-ha,

kóišǫ́ttą mižíka éži ke íhosá attahá,

then/girl/another, different, other/the plural standing or scattered/scold, reprove/too, exceedingly, much

ni-xo-te a-zhi a-taⁿ ta-xa-xa-ke ka-xe

nixótte áži áttą ttáɣaɣáke káɣe

ashes/put small, scattered objects onto something/and, when/to be crying from heat/to make

a-taⁿ i-ki-xa koⁿ pa i-ya(we)

áttą íkixa kǫ ppá iyá(we)

and, when/to laugh at one/as, since, so, like/3pl moving/it is said (they say)

61)

Then, the next morning, they (the delegation) arrived there (to the orphan’s home) riding in a carriage with her shoe, the shoe that they had removed from her, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti a-ka-sa-ni taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą étti ákasáni tą

then/there, then/the next morning, next day/when

e-ti hoⁿ-pe ki-di-shto-ta-i niⁿ-kʰe [e]-ta

étti hǫpé kidíštottá-i nįkʰé [e]tta

there, then/shoe/they pull off someone’s, remove/the sitting/his, hers, its

hoⁿ-pe niⁿ-kʰe a-niⁿ a-tʰaⁿ zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ tʰi-we i-ya(we)

hǫpé nįkʰe ánį átʰą žą́dittą́da žiká óknį áttą tʰíwe iyá(we)

shoe/the sitting/have/and, when/wagon/small/to sit in/and, when/they came/it is said (they say)

62)

Then, when he (the spokesman for the delegation) arrived (with the shoe), the girls, they tried on the shoe, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ hi naⁿ mi-zhi-ke ke

kóišǫ́ttą hí ną mižiká ke

then/arrive, reach there/when/girl/the plural standing or scattered

i-k’i-ta-i ke i-ya(we) hoⁿ-pe

íkʔittaí ke iyá(we) hǫpé

they try, test, attempt/the plural standing or scattered/it is said (they say)/shoe

63)

He said, “Big Chief’s son will marry whoever fits that shoe,” it is said (they say).

“e hoⁿ-pe niⁿ-kʰe ho-wa-ke
“e hǫpé nįkʰé howaké

aforementioned, that, he, she, it/shoe/the sitting/who/the plural standing or scattered = which one of a crowd

ki-shoⁿ-i naⁿ ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke knoⁿ-ke te,”

kišǫ́i ną́ kahíke ttą́ka ežį́ke knǫké tte,”

it fits them/only/chief/big, large/his or her son/marry a woman/will, shall

i-ye tʰe i-ya(we)

iyé tʰe iyá(we)

to say/past, the completed act/it is said (they say)

64)

Then, all of the girls there (the stepdaughters), when they tried it on, they all failed (to get the shoe on), it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-ti mi-zhi-ka za-ni hi i-k’i-ta-i taⁿ di-sh’a-wi i-ya(we)

kóišǫ́ttą étti mižíka zaní hi íkʔittaí tą dišʔawi iya(we)

then/there, then/girl/all/very/they try, test, attempt/when/they fail, they unable/it is said (they say)

65)

When they failed, when they all failed, they gave it (her own shoe) back to the orphan, it is said (they say).

di-sh’a-wi taⁿ za-ni di-sh’a-wi taⁿ wa-haⁿ-niⁿ-ke niⁿ-kʰe

dišʔawi tą zaní dišʔawí tą wahą́nįké nįkʰé

they fail, they unable/when/all/they fail, they unable/when/orphan/3sg sitting

ki-k’i de-da-wi i-ya(we)

kikʔí dedáwi iyá(we)

to give back to the owner/they sent away, they caused to go/it is said (they say)

66)

Then, she took it into the lodge, she took it (her shoe) because it was hers, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e e-ta taⁿ-ha kdi-ze a-taⁿ ti-a-ti

kóišǫ́ttą é ettá tąhá kdíze áttą ttiátti

then/aforementioned, that, he, she, it/his, hers, its/because/to take one’s own/and, when/in or to the lodge

koⁿ a-kda-niⁿ de i-ya(we)

kǫ ákdanį́ dé iyá(we)

as, since, so, like/take one’s own with one, to go with one’s own /it is said (they say)

67)

Then, her father said to her, “Put something on of your own and go!” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-da-te, “ta-taⁿ i-da-ki-ki-kda-niⁿ a-taⁿ

kóišǫ́ttą edátte, “táttą idákikikdánį áttą

then/his or her father/what, something/to put on one’s own/and, when

da ni-he,” i-ke niⁿ i-ya(we)

dá-nihé,” iké nį iyá(we)

go!/imperative/to say (the preceding) to someone/3sg moving/it is said (they say)

68)

And then, they took her to their home, riding in a carriage, it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ e-shoⁿ zhaⁿ-di-taⁿ-da zhi-ka o-kniⁿ a-taⁿ a-niⁿ kda-wi i-ya(we)

kóišǫ́ttą ešǫ́ žą́dittą́dá žiká oknį́ áttą anį́ kdáwi iyá(we)

then/then, and, at length/wagon/small/to sit in/and, when/they take home/it is said (they say)

69)

She was going to marry Big Chief’s son, they took her to their home, it is said (they say).

ka-hi-ke taⁿ-ka e-zhiⁿ-ke a-di-xe te a-niⁿ kda-wi i-ya(we)

kahíke ttą́ka ežį́ke ádiγe tté anį́ kdáwi iyá(we)

chief/big, large/his or her son/marry a man, take a man for a husband/will, shall/they take home/it is said (they say)

70)

Those girls (the stepsisters) were crying, it is said (they say).

ka-ki ke

kakí ke

there, in that place, yonder, in that direction/the plural standing or scattered = those

mi-zhi-ka ke xa-ke a-pa i-ya(we)

mižiká ke ɣaké áppa iya(we)

girl/the plural standing or scattered/to cry/3pl moving/it is said (they say)

71)

Then, the girls had enough of what had been done and they said, “We have been here long enough,” it is said (they say).

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ mi-zhi-ka ke oⁿ-taⁿ-taⁿ-da

kóišǫ́ttą mižiká ké ǫttą́ttądá

then/girl/the plural standing or scattered/of what had been done, of what they had done

i-bnaⁿ a-taⁿ,

ibną́ áttą,

tired of it, satiated, to have enough, surfeited/and or when

“de-she-tʰaⁿ aⁿ-ki-de aⁿ-te-a,”

“déšetʰą́-ąkíde ątteá,”

this/long enough, a certain length/we cause ourselves/we shall, we will, let’s = we have been here long enough

i-ye pa i-ya(we)

iyé ppa iyá(we

to say/3pl moving = they say/it is said (they say)

72)

Then, (the girls turned into) female gray foxes, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ to-ka xo-te miⁿ-wi i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą ttókka xótte méwi iyáwe

then/fox/grey/female/pluralizer/they say

* méwi < mįwi

73)

Then, they departed, they went barking off into the brush, they say.

ko-i-shoⁿ-taⁿ o-xda-ti ho-ho-wi da-wi i-ya-we

kóišǫ́ttą oxdátti hohówi dáwi iyáwe

then/into the brush/they barking/they go/they say

74)

The end.

ka i-she-tʰaⁿ-kʰi

ká-išétʰąkʰí

about that length would be long enough, no longer, the end, that is the end

Download this translated story in .pdf    /  Download the James Own Dorsey Translation in .pdf